Paratachardina Balachowsky

Kondo, Takumasa & Gullan, Penny J., 2007, Taxonomic review of the lac insect genus Paratachardina Balachowsky (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Kerriidae), with a revised key to genera of Kerriidae and description of two new species, Zootaxa 1617, pp. 1-41 : 6

Paratachardina Balachowsky

Balachowsky, 1950: 8; Morrison & Morrison, 1966: 147; Varshney, 1968: 489; 1977: 54; Williams & Watson, 1990: 187. Type species. Carteria decorella Maskell, 1950 , by original designation and monotypy.

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Generic description. Body convex, trilobed to quadrilobed. Derm membranous. Dorsum. Brachia present or absent, usually short when present. Brachial plates sclerotized, flat or with a shallow crater; each plate subtriangular, subquadrate or oblong, possessing brachial pores, pseudospines and setae. Anterior spiracle present dorsally. Canella incomplete, represented by a group of canellar pores lateral to each anterior spiracle. Dorsal spine well developed, often broadly conical or tapering abruptly, about as long as wide, or slightly longer than wide; dorsal spine duct of the dendritic type. Anal tubercle tapering, about as long as wide. Antero-anal lobes present or absent. Anal fringe entire or incomplete. Anal ring with 10 setae and one or more irregular rows of pores, usually with 3 or 4 indistinct sections, or each seta present on a section as in P. m o ro b e n s i s, with each section tightly connected. Macroducts absent. Microducts of small size (ssm) only scattered marginally and submarginally; usually associated with 1–3 spermatoid ducts. Dorsal setae slender, scarce, present marginally to submarginally and submedially. Ven te r. Eyespots absent. Antennae displaced to near body margin, usually lateral to mouthparts or more anterior, mostly membranous, indistinctly 2–4 segmented, segments indicated by sclerotized bars or rings; with 2–5 setae on apex of apical segment. Mouthparts well developed, labium 1– 2 segmented, with about 5–6 pairs of setae. Pre-oral lobes and post-oral lobes present. Posterior spiracles much smaller than anterior spiracles, present ventrally; spiracular pores each with mostly 5 loculi. Legs usually absent, when present, reduced to small sclerotic peg-like claws (i.e., P. morobensis , rarely some specimens of P. mahdihassani ). Macroducts absent. Microducts of 2 or 3 sizes: small-sized microducts (ssm) scattered marginally and submarginally, usually more numerous surrounding marginal duct clusters; mediumsized microducts (msm) and large-sized microducts (lsm) in marginal and ventral duct clusters, as follows. Marginal duct clusters (mdc) numbering 8 pairs, each subcircular to annular, without auxiliary pore clusters; each mdc with microducts of 1 or 2 sizes (msm and lsm), rim of microducts often associated with spermatoid ducts. Spermatoid ducts present, 1–3 associated with outer rim of most microducts (ssm, msm and lsm) except those of ventral duct clusters. Ventral duct clusters (vdc) numbering 4–8 pairs; each vdc composed of medium-sized microducts (msm) only. Perivulvar pore clusters absent. Ventral setae slender, scarce, present medially to submedially.