Laureopsis Jaiswara, 2017

Jaiswara, Ranjana & Desutter-Grandcolas, Laure, 2017, Description of two smallest field crickets from South America, Laureopsis nauta Jaiswara gen. nov., sp. nov. and Perugryllus estiron Jaiswara gen. nov., sp. nov. (Orthoptera, Grylloidea, Gryllidae, Gryllinae), Zootaxa 4350 (3) : -

Laureopsis Jaiswara gen. nov.

http://lsid.speciesfile.org/ urn:lsid: Orthoptera .speciesfile.org:TaxonName:500256 New genus included in the molecular phylogeny of subfamily Gryllinae in preparation by Jaiswara et al. as RJ 0 27 ( Laureopsis nauta Jaiswara gen. nov., sp. nov.).

Type species. Laureopsis nauta Jaiswara sp. nov.

Distribution. Western Amazonia, Peru.

Etymology. Genus named in honor of Professor Laure Desutter-Grandcolas for her significant contributions to Orthoptera systematics. Gender of genus name is feminine.

Diagnosis. Small species, shinning, yellowish brown with dark brown spots on legs; abdomen dark brown, DD slightly orange to brown. Pronotum transverse, highly setose, slightly wide laterally. Metanotum and abdomen setose. TI with a small outer and a large inner tympanum. TIII shorter than FIII. TIII with 1–2 spines only on outer margin above subapical spurs; 4 subapical spurs on inner and outer margin. Male. FWs completely covering the abdomen. Stridulum complete ( Fig. 1D ); harp crossed by two, almost transverse veins; mirror subdivided into multiple cells basally, merged with apical field reticulation; CuPa absent. Lateral field with 3 longitudinal, parallel veins and 4 short vertical ScP veins. Subgenital plate longer than broad, apically rounded ( Fig. 1G ). Male genitalia. Pseudepiphallic sclerite transverse ( Fig. 2A ); one pair of long narrow lateral lophi, median lobe short with a deep cup-shaped bifurcation; rami straight, not connected anteriorly; pseudepiphallic parameres plate like, but complex, posteriorly sub-divided into two narrow structures; ectophallic fold short, wide and membranous; dorsal cavity well-developed but not very high. Female. Apterous ( Fig. 1C ). Ovipositor shorter than FIII, ventral valves of ovipositor longer than dorsal, apex of dorsal valves very short, flattened dorso-ventrally, with a thick lateral crest.

Description. Size small. Head as wide as pronotum; frons slightly longer than wide in front view; epistemal suture strongly arcuate. In lateral view: occiput slightly bulged; vertex flat. Eyes large but not protruding. Ocelli arranged almost in a straight line, median ocellus slightly ahead of lateral ocelli; median ocellus round, located slightly above of upper margin of antennal pit; lateral ocelli twice as broad as median ocellus; distance between lateral ocelli twice as the distance between one lateral and the median ocellus. Fastigium very broad, slightly convex in lateral view, 2.5 times as wide as the scape. Eyes and antennal pits located very low on frons, very close to epistemal suture, lower margins of antennal pit and eye almost at same level or antennal pit slightly more dorsal than eye. Maxillary palpi very short; joints 3 and 4 subequal; joint 5 the longest, widened apically, obliquely truncated from half of its length and triangular. Pronotum transverse, highly setose; anterior margin concave, posterior margin almost straight; LL ventral margin straight. TI with a small outer and a large inner tympanum; 3 apical spurs, inner dorsal spur lacking, inner ventral spur the longest, outer ventral the shortest. TII with 4 apical spurs, the inners the longest. TIII with 4 pairs of subapical spurs, the inner ones slightly longer than outer; 3 apical spurs on each side; median and dorsal inner spurs subequal, the longest; median outer spur twice as long as ventral and dorsal outer spurs; TIII serrulated with 1–2 spines above sub-apical spurs on outer margin. Basitarsomeres III higher than wide, furrowed dorsally; with two rows of strong dorsal spines, getting larger toward tarsomere apex, apical spines the longest.

Coloration. Body and FWs shining, abdomen brown with yellow patches on tergites (clearly seen in females). Head and face brown, ocelli and scape yellow, legs yellowish brown ( Fig. 1 A–C & E ). Maxillary palpi yellowish but 5th joint brown apically. DD slightly orange to brown, with a pair of round distinctly yellow flicks towards anterior and posterior margins ( Fig. 1 A & C ). LL strikingly dark brown ( Fig. 1B ). FIII with parallel dark brown stripes arranged diagonally, proximally ornamented with a dark brown ring continuing partly onto the inner side of femur ( Fig. 1B ). In males, FW brown, but harp and mirror area yellowish or light brown ( Fig. 1D ). In females, longitudinal yellow flakes starting from metanotum to 8th tergite ( Fig. 1C ). Ovipositor yellow with dorsal valves brown on whole length.

Male. FWs covering abdomen completely. Stridulum complete ( Fig. 1D ): harp crossed by two, almost transverse veins; mirror wider than long, asymmetrical, clearly delimited from surrounding venation apically, but always subdivided into several cells and merged with apical field reticulation. Other venation: chords 1 and 2 close to each other, parallel and elongated, well-separated from chord 3 and fusing more distally; apical field reduced. Lateral field with 3 longitudinal, parallel veins and 4 short vertical ScP veins. Subgenital plate long and high, rounded apically ( Fig. 1 G–H ).

Male genitalia. Pseudepiphallic sclerite transverse ( Fig. 2A ), with one pair of long, narrow lateral lophi, median one short with a deep cup-shaped bifurcation in the middle, both lateral and median lophi possess remarkably long setae. Pseudepiphallic apodemes long; rami separated from each other anteriorly, posteriorly with shallow bifurcation, ventral arm long and dorsal arm short; pseudepiphallic parameres wide and long, anteriorly narrow but posteriorly divided into two layers: ventral and dorsal, both layers sharply narrow, dorsal one serrated on one side. Ectophallic fold membranous, short and wide ( Fig. 2B ). Ectophallic sclerite partly sclerotized ( Fig. 2B ). Endophallic cavity well developed, as high as long. Ectophallic arc short with a pair of wide lateral apodemes, almost covering the dorsal cavity on two-third of its length ( Fig. 2C ).

Female. Completely apterous. Subgenital plate transverse, distal margin straight or slightly concave ( Fig. 1F ). Ovipositor shorter than FIII, apex of dorsal valves very short, flattened dorso-ventrally, with a thick lateral crest.

Female genitalia. Copulatory papilla sclerotized and cup shaped, dorsally open and sclerotized ventrally ( Fig. 2 D–E ).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Laureopsis nauta JaiSwara gen. nov., sp. nov. (A) male in dorSal view, (B) male in lateral view, (C) female in dorSal view, (D) male forewing, (E) face in front view, (F) female Subgenital plate in dorSal view, (G) male Subgenital plate in dorSal view and (H) male Subgenital plate in lateral view. Scale for male and female body length iS 5 mm.

FIGURE 2. Genitalia of Laureopsis nauta JaiSwara gen. nov., sp. nov. Male genitalia (A) dorSal view, (B) ventral view, (C) lateral view. Female genitalia (D) dorSal view and (E) ventral view.