Clavatula ’ veronicae ( Hoernes & Auinger, 1891 )

Harzhauser, Mathias, Landau, Bernard & Janssen, Ronald, 2022, The Clavatulidae (Gastropoda, Conoidea) of the Miocene Paratethys Sea with considerations on fossil and extant Clavatulidae genera, Zootaxa 5123 (1), pp. 1-172 : 44-45

‘ Clavatula ’ veronicae ( Hoernes & Auinger, 1891)

Figs 16A 1 –A 3 , B 1 –B 3 , C 1 –C 2 , D, 3M , 5 , 6

Clavatula Veronicae — Hoernes 1891: 130.

* Pleurotoma (Clavatula) Veronicae nov. form.— Hoernes & Auinger 1891: 351, pl. 46, figs 11–14.

Clavatula veronicae Hö. Au. — Boettger 1906: 62.

Clavatula veronicae H. et Au.— Strausz 1954: 111, pl. 5, figs 104a–b.

Clavatula doderleini veronicae Hoernes & Auinger, 1891 — Strausz 1966: 411, pl. 16, figs 13–14.

Clavatula (Clavatula) asperulata granulata Sacco, 1890 — Nikolov 1994: 56, pl. 3, figs 3–4 [non‘Clavatula’ granulata Sacco, 1890].

non Clavatula (Clavatula) cf. veronicae (R. Hörnes & Auinger) — Pavlovsky 1960: 214, pl. 2, figs 5a–b [= unidentifiable fragment]. non Pleurotoma (Clavatula) veronicae R. Hoernes et Auinger — Florei 1961: 679, pl. 6, fig. 32 [= Perrona descendens ( Hilber, 1879) or P. ilonae nov. nom.]. non Clavatula veronicae (Hoern. et Auing.) — Kókay 1966: 64, pl. 9, fig. 17 [= Perrona ilonae nov. nom.]. non Clavatula veronicae ( Hoernes & Auinger, 1891) — Bałuk 2003: 39, pl. 4, figs 9–10 [= Granulatocincta angelae ( Hoernes & Auinger, 1891)].

Type material. Lectotype designated herein: NHMW 1855 /0043/0044a, SL: 32.3 mm, MD: 11.6 mm, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania), illustrated in Hoernes & Auinger (1891, pl. 46, fig. 14), figs 16D 1 –D 3 . Paralectotype: NHMW 1855 /0043/0044b, SL: 24.9 mm , MD: 8.8 mm, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) , illustrated in Hoernes & Auinger (1891, pl. 46, fig. 12), figs 16C; NHMW 1855 /0043/0044c, SL: 30.0 mm , MD: 12.1 mm, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) , illustrated in Hoernes & Auinger (1891, pl. 46, fig. 13), figs 16B 1 –B 2; NHMW 1855 /0043/0044d, SL: 25.8 mm , MD: 10.3 mm, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) , illustrated in Hoernes & Auinger (1891, pl. 46, fig. 12), figs 16A 1 –A 3, 3M; NHMW 1855 /0043/0044, 14 spec., Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) .

Additional studied material. NHMW 2016 /0177/0975, 16 spec., Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) ; NHMW 2016 /0177/0976, 14 spec., Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) .

Revised description. Shell medium-sized, solid, slender fusiform, with strongly coronate conical spire. Protoconch not preserved. Teleoconch of up to eleven whorls (earliest whorls abraded). Earliest teleoconch whorls flat-sided, bearing bipartite sculpture with subsutural and suprasutural row of bifid beads, separated by narrow concavity with prominent, comma-shaped axial riblets. Abapically further narrow spirals develop covering entire whorl. On the sixth spire whorl sculpture changes abruptly; subsutural cord becomes strongly swollen forming swollen collar with pointed tubercles developed on adapical part of collar. Mid-portion widens and becomes deeply concave, suprasutural row of beads weakens, mostly covered by succeeding whorl. Strong growth lines cut spirals giving cords finely beaded appearance. Suture narrowly impressed, undulating. Last whorl 60% of total height. Subsutural collar broad, swollen, sharply delimited, bearing 12–18 sharp, spinose, spirally elongated tubercles. Subsutural ramp of moderate width, concave. Shoulder angled, tubercular, weakly convex below, moderately constricted at base. Siphonal fasciole strongly swollen, twisted. Sculpture below ramp of strongly tubercular shoulder. Slightly weaker tubercular peribasal cord, weaker tubercular perifasciolar cord, cords of secondary and tertiary strength intercalated at mid-whorl and base, stronger over fasciole. Aperture narrowly ovate. Outer lip not thickened, smooth within. Anal sinus moderately wide and deep, asymmetrically V-shaped, with apex below subsutural collar. Siphonal canal moderately short, straight, unnotched. Columella excavated in upper third, straight below, smooth. Columellar and parietal callus weakly thickened, adherent, forming relatively broad callus rim.

Discussion. Among the Paratethyan Clavatulidae , this species has a unique early teleoconch sculpture, which is identical to that of the extant ‘ Clavatula ’ bimarginata ( Lamarck, 1822). Both species are strikingly similar concerning the blunt spiral sculpture, general shell shape and sculpture of the base. Therefore, we assume that ‘ Clavatula ’ veronicae ( Hoernes & Auinger, 1891) represents the oldest record of the bimarginata -clade.

This species is reminiscent of the syntopic Granulatocincta angelae ( Hoernes &Auinger, 1891) and consequently the two species were confused by Bałuk (2003). Despite the similarity, a closer relationship between them can be excluded based on the different sculpture of the early teleoconch whorls: several beaded spiral cords, with delicate beads arranged in sinuous axial riblets in Granulatocincta angelae versus two spiral rows of prominent beads in ‘ C. ’ veronicae . Moreover, they can be clearly distinguished by the distinctly longer siphonal canal of ‘ C. ’ veronicae .

Paleoenvironment. Unknown, probably middle to outer neritic environments based on the assemblages from Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) (own data).

Distribution in Central Paratethys. Badenian (middle Miocene): Pannonian Basin: Várpalota ( Hungary) ( Strausz 1966); Făget Basin: Lăpugiu de Sus, Coşteiu de Sus ( Romania) ( Boettger 1906); Dacian Basin: Bivolare ( Bulgaria) ( Nikolov 1994).

Figures

FIGURE 1. A. Map of central and south–eastern Europe, representing the area that was partly covered by the Central Paratethys Sea. The white insert corresponds to the area that is restored in the palaeogeographic map below. B. Paleogeography of the Middle Miocene Paratethys Sea showing the most important sedimentary basins (NAFB: North Alpine Foreland Basin, E.-Sopr B: Eisenstadt–Sopron Basin).

FIGURE 2. Descriptive terms used in descriptions and measurements to shell morphology, whorl profiles and anal sinus. SL: shell length, MD: maximum diameter, AA: apical angle, LWH: last whorl height, AH: aperture height.AL: aperture length.AW: aperture width.

FIGURE 3. Early teleoconch whorls of extant and fossil Clavatulidae species. A. Clavatula regia (Röding, 1798), NHMW 1683 6/28, West Africa. B. Clavatula rubrifasciata (Reeve, 1845), NHMW 10203, Gorée (Senegal). C. ‘Clavatula’ diadema (Kiener, 1839), NHMW 1884/0010/0023, Gorée (Senegal). D. ‘Clavatula’ mystica (Reeve, 1843), MNHN-IM-2013-59897, Est de l'ile de Gorée (Senegal). E. ‘Clavatula’ bimarginata (Lamarck, 1822), MNHN-IM-2013-43369, Dakar (Senegal). F. ‘Clavatula’ pyramidata (Kiener, 1839), MNHN-IM-2009-24982, Baie de Pointe-Noire (Republique du Congo). G. Clavatula sorini nov. sp., paratype, NHMW 1874/0025/0046, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). H. ‘Clavatula’ romana (Defrance, 1826), NHMW 1999/0098/0004, Modra-Kráľová (Slovakia). I. ‘Clavatula’ interrupta (Brocchi, 1814), NHMW 1861/0033/0420, Buituri (Romania). J. ‘Clavatula’ hirmetzli Kovács & Vicián, 2021, NHMW 1868/0001/0069, Baden-Sooss (Austria). K. ‘Clavatula’ irisae nov. sp., NHMW 2021/0126/0001, holotype, Gainfarn (Austria). L. ‘Clavatula’ sophiae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), lectotype, NHMW 2021/0127/0001, Enzesfeld (Austria). M. ‘Clavatula’ veronicae (Hoernes &Auinger, 1891), NHMW 1855/0043/0044b, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). N. ‘Clavatula’ santhai Kovács & Vicián, 2021, holotype, HNHM, PAL 2021.20.1, Letkés (Hungary).O. ‘Clavatula’ camillae (Hoernes &Auinger, 1891), lectotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0042, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). P. Megaclavatula amaliae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), lectotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0049, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). Q. Megaclavatula grunerti nov. sp., paratype, NHMW 2021/0127/0003, Enzesfeld (Austria). R. Megaclavatula laevigata (Eichwald, 1830), NHMW 1853/0038/0035a, Korytnica (Poland). S. Megaclavatula pilleri nov. sp., holotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0051a, Baden-Sooss (Austria). T. Megaclavatula polonica (Pusch, 1837), NHMW 1862/0001/0324, Bad Vöslau (Austria).U. Granulatocincta angelae (Hoernes &Auinger, 1891), paralectotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0099, Möllersdorf (Austria). V. Granulatocincta granulatocincta (Münster in Goldfuss, 1841), NHMW 1846/0028/0009, Enzesfeld (Austria). W. Granulatocincta nataliae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), NHMW 1855/0035/0021, holotype, Belgrade/Rakovica (Serbia). X. Granulatocincta schreibersi (Hörnes, 1854), paralectotype, NHMW1997z0178/1133, Bad Vöslau (Austria).Y. Granulatocincta callim nov. sp., paratype, NHMW 2021/0128/0001, Bad Sauerbrunn (Austria). Z. Granulatocincta contorta (Švagrovský, 1958), holotype, SNMB Z 3076, Kuzmice (Slovakia), Aa. Granulatocincta theoderichi nov. sp., paratype, NHMW 2016/0026/0320b, Ritzing (Austria). Ab. Olegia doderleini (Hörnes, 1854), paralectotype, NHMW 1858/0015/0147, Wiesen (Austria). Ac. Olegia mandici nov. sp., paratype, NHMW 1872/0031/0008a, Bekića vrelo, Čremušnica at Donji Kirin (Croatia). Ae. Olegia dorotheae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), paralectotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0040, Kleinebersdorf (Austria). Scale bar is 5 mm for all specimens except for Granulatocincta contorta, Olegia doderleini and O. mandici.

FIGURE 5. Anal sinus morphology of Paratethyan Clavatulidae.

FIGURE 6. Apertures of Paratethyan Clavatulidae (C. = Clavatula, ‘C.’ = ‘Clavatula’, G. = Granulatocincta, M. = Megaclavaltula, O. = Olegia).

FIGURE 16 A1–A3. ‘Clavatula’ veronicae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), NHMW 1855/0043/0044d, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). B1–B3. ‘Clavatula’ veronicae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), paralectotype, NHMW 1855/0043/0044c, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). C1–C2. ‘Clavatula’ veronicae (Hoernes &Auinger, 1891), paralectotype, NHMW 1855/0043/0044b, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). D. ‘Clavatula’ veronicae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), lectotype, NHMW 1855/0043/0044a, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). E1–E2. Granulatocincta angelae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), lectotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0100a, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). F1–F2. Granulatocincta angelae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), paralectotype, NHMW ex1949/0005/0100b, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). G1–G3. Granulatocincta angelae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), paralectotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0099, Möllersdorf (Austria).