Patrera opertanea ( Keyserling, 1891 ) Oliveira & Brescovit, 2021

Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M. & Brescovit, Antonio D., 2021, The spider genus Patrera Simon (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaeninae) in the Atlantic Forest biome, with the description of one new species from Brazil, Zootaxa 4991 (2), pp. 201-246 : 227-230

Patrera opertanea ( Keyserling, 1891) new combination

Figs 14A–G ; 15A–D ; 16A–F ; 27D

Anyphaena opertanea Keyserling, 1891: 118 , pl. 3, fig. 78 (Holotype female from Nova Friburgo (22°16’55”S; 42°31’51”W), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Prof. Göldi leg., deposited in BMNH 1890.7.1.622, examined).

Teudis opertaneus: Petrunkevitch, 1911: 517 .

Other material examined. BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Alto Caparaó, Parque Nacional do Caparaó (20°26’5”S; 41°47’2”W), 1♀, 01–07.V.2002 , Equipe Biota leg. (IBSP 140144); Caxambú (21°58’37”S; 44°55’58”W), [with- out date], 3♀, C.F. de Mello-Leitão leg. (MNRJ 643); 1♂, [without date], C.F. de Mello-Leitão leg. (MNRJ 648); Santa Rita de Caldas (22°01’44”S; 46°20’13”W), 1♀, XII.1953 , P. Pereira leg. (MZSP E2230); Carmo do Rio Claro (20°58’23”S; 46°07’08”W), 1♀, X.1947 , C. F. de Mello-Leitão leg. (MNRJ); Espírito Santo: Vila Velha (20°19’48”S; 40°17’31”W), Barra do Jucu, Morro da Concha , 1♀, 3.II.1995 , J.P. Mattos leg. (MNRJ); Rio de Janeiro: Teresópolis (22°24’43”S; 42°57’57”W), 1♂, 20–22.IV.1995 , R.L.C. Baptista & M.I. Landim leg. (IBSP 212907); Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos (22°29′35″S 43°4′24″W), 4♀ (IBSP 139522; IBSP 139526; IBSP 139542; IBSP 139555), all collected in 18–22. VIII.2001 by Equipe Biota; Petrópolis (22°30’18”S; 43°10’44”W), 1♂ [without date], Fr. Rohr leg. (MNRJ 10353); Fazenda Ranchinho da Roça (22°30’18”S; 43°10’44”W), 1♂, 08–15.II.2000 , Equipe Biota leg. (IBSP 139946); Petrópolis (22°30’18”S; 43°10’44”W), 1♀, C.F. de Mello-Leitão leg. (MNRJ 640); Nova Friburgo (22°16’55”S; 42°31’51”W), Rio Bengalas , 1♀, 21–23. VIII.1996, R.S. Bérnils leg. (MZSP 15265); São Paulo: Ribeirão Preto, Parque Estadual Intervales (24°16’6.3”S; 48°24’49.7”W), 1♀, 14–17 . XIII.2005, no coll. (IBSP 80085); Jundiaí , Reserva Biológica Municipal da Serra do Japi (23º13’00”S; 46º56’00”W), 3♀, III.2007 , A. D. Brescovit et al. leg. (IBSP 78523); 8♂, 6♀ (IBSP 138469–IBSP 138478; IBSP 138485; IBSP 138487), all collected in 15–19. VII.2002 by Equipe Curso USP; 1♀, 2004, Alunos Curso Pós USP leg. (IBSP 138868); 2♀, 2008–2009, C. Vieira leg. (IBSP 140753; IBSP 140754); Salesópolis , Estação Biológica de Boracéia (23°37’53”S; 45°52’13”W), 2♂, 09.V.2003 , G.R.S. Ruiz leg. (IBSP 38320); Mogi das Cruzes, Rio Tietê (23°31’22”S; 46°11’16”W), 1♂, 1♀, VII.1996 – VIII.1997 , R. Martins leg. (IBSP 13816; IBSP 13832); Parque Natural Municipal da Serra do Itapety (23°12’00”S; 46°30’00”W), 1♂, 24.VI.2003 , C.Y. Fukami et al. leg. (IBSP 39442); 10♂, 2♀ (IBSP 139459; IBSP 139464; IBSP 139465; IBSP 139471; IBSP 139479; IBSP 139480; IBSP 139485; IBSP 139494; IBSP 139498; IBSP 139507; IBSP 139520), all collected in 13–19.X.2003 by Equipe Biota; São José do Barreiro , Parque Nacional da Serra da Bocaina (22º43’00”S; 44º36’00”W), 2♂, 28.IV–03.V.2002 , Equi- pe Biota leg. (IBSP 138570; IBSP 138578); São Paulo, Parque Estadual do Jaraguá (23°27’34.3”S; 46°46’2.8”W), 1♀, 14–19.X.2002 , Equipe Biota leg. (IBSP 139646); 1♀, 27–28.X.2005, Alunos Curso UFRRJ leg. (IBSP 71268); Parque Estadual da Cantareira (23°24’5”S; 46°35’24”W), 1♀, 23.IV.2001 (IBSP 85665) ; 1♂, 22. XII.2000 (IBSP 85830); 1♀, 28.X.2000 (IBSP 85835); all collected by R. Pinto da Rocha; Pedra Grande, 5♂ (MZSP 24912–MZSP 24916); Pinheirinho , 27♂ (MZSP 24917–MZSP 24943); Sede, 15♂ (MZSP 24944–MZSP 24958); all collected between 09. VIII.2000– 24.VI.2001 by R. Pinto da Rocha et al.; Horto Florestal (currently Parque Estadual Alberto Löfgren ) (23°27’33”S; 46°38’2”W), 1♂, 1.XI.1994 , R. Pinto da Rocha leg. (MZSP ex 14310); Reservatório Guarapiranga , Ilha dos Eucaliptos (23°44’14”S; 46°43’51”W), 6♂, 8♀ (IBSP 61159–IBSP 61169), all collected in 07–13/X/2004 by I. Cizauskas & C.R.M Garcia; Atibaia (23º07’01’S; 46º33’01”W), 2♂, 13.X.2002 , G. Machado et al. leg. (IBSP 35178); 1♂, 2♀, X.2002 , M.B. Rosseto & G. Machado leg. (IBSP 35844); Cotia (23°36’14”S; 46°55’8”W), 2♂, 1♀, III.2009 , D. Polotow leg. (IBSP 137670); Caucaia do Alto (3°44’4”S; 38°39’23”W), 8♂, 5♀, III.2003 , A.A. Nogueira & F.S. Cunha leg. (IBSP 38062; IBSP 139825; IBSP 139827; IBSP 139830; IBSP 139833–IBSP 139835; IBSP 139842; IBSP 139845; IBSP 139850; IBSP 139852; IBSP 139859), all collected in 8–28.VI.2002 by Equipe Biota ; 2♂, 13–30.VI.2002 , Equipe Biota leg. (IBSP 98155); Mairiporã, Parque Estadual da Serra da Cantareira, Pinheirinho (23°24’5”S; 46°35’24”W), 5♂, 4♀ (IBSP 85826; IBSP 85828; IBSP 85829; IBSP 85831–IBSP 85834; IBSP 85836; IBSP 85837), all collected between 06.I.2001 – 23.V.2001 by R. Pinto da Rocha; Itapevi (23°32’56”S; 46°56’2”W), 1♂, I–XII.1999 , C. Bertim & V. Onofrio leg. (IBSP 115664); Biritiba Mirim, Barragem do Rio Biritiba (23°36’12.143”S; 46°5’13.654”W), 1♂, 2003, Equipe IBSP leg. (IBSP 119434); Ribeirão Grande , Parque Estadual Intervales (24º12’00”S; 48º32’00”W), 1♀, 24–25.X.2008 , L. Batista et al. leg. (IBSP 121171); Guarulhos, Parque Estadual da Cantareira , Cabuçu (23°24’5”S; 46°35’24”W), 5♂, 1♀ (IBSP 139153; IBSP 139154; IBSP 139156; IBSP 139157; IBSP 139161; IBSP 139163), all collected in 16–22. VII.2001 by Equipe Biota; Paraná: Ponta Grossa, Parque Estadual de Vila Velha (25°14’17”S; 50°0’39”W), 1♂, 23.II.1987 , Equipe CIIF leg. (IBSP 213546); Guarapuava (25°23’42”S; 51°27’28”W), 1♂, 08. XII.1986 (IBSP 213544); 1♀, 15. XII.1986 (IBSP 213545); 1♂, 04. VIII.1987 (IBSP 213547); 1♀, 02.II.1987 (IBSP 213549); all collected by Equipe CIIF; Parque Municipal das Araucárias (in wasp nest) (25º23’00”S; 51º27’00”W), 3♀, 2005–2006, M.L . T. Buschini leg. (IBSP 87262; IBSP 87290); Estância Santa Clara (25°38’13,4”S; 51°57’56,3”W), 1♀, 22.XI.1987 , A.D. Brescovit leg. (IBSP 212653); Almirante Tamandaré (25°19’30”S; 49°18’36”W), 1♀, 10. VII.1984, E.C. Costa leg. (MCN 12511); Colombo (25°17’31”S; 49°13’26”W), 1♂, 2♀, 02. XII.1990, A.D. Brescovit & A.B. Bonaldo leg. (IBSP 212657); 1♂, 19.I.1987, Equipe CIIF leg. (IBSP 213543); 1♂, 26.I.1987 , Equipe CIIF leg. (IBSP 213548); Curitiba (25°25’47”S; 49°16’19”W), 1♂, 02.XI.1987 , A.D. Brescovit leg. (IBSP 212654); 1♀, IV.1943, P. Mous leg. (IBSP 221085); Parque da Cidade (currently Jardim Botânico ) (25°26’34”S; 49°14’22”W), 11♂, 11♀, 01. XII.1990, A.D. Brescovit & A.B. Bonaldo leg. (IBSP 212659); Parque Barigui (25º25’34,52”S; 49º18’27.03”W), 1♀, 13. VIII.1958, R. Lange leg. (IBSP 221066); 1♂, 1♀, 20.IX.1960 (IBSP 221068); 1♀, 10.II.1959 (IBSP 221072) ; 2♀, I.1937 (IBSP 221074; IBSP 221077); 1♂, 20.IV.1952 (IBSP 221075); 1♀, 11. III.1959 (IBSP 221078); 1♀, 05. VIII.1945 (IBSP 221086); 1♂, 20.IV.1962 (IBSP 221087), all collected by R. Lange; Banhados (25º25’47”S; 49º16’19”W), 1♀, X.1945 , no coll. (IBSP 221088); Tijucas do Sul (25º55’41”S; 49º11’56”W), Lagoa, 1♀, II.2000 , J. Ricetti leg. (IBSP 39134); Lagoa, Serra do Cabral, Morro do Cabral (25º57’00”S; 49º14’00”W), 1♂, VI.2000 , J. Ricetti leg. (IBSP 39146); Santa Catarina: Nova Teutônia (27°11’00”S; 52°23’00”W), 2♀, [without date], F. Plaumann leg. (FMS 8233); Rancho Queimado (27°40’22”S; 49°1’19”W), 1♂, 08–14.X.1994 , L. Moura & A.B. Bonaldo leg. (IBSP 212647); Rio Grande do Sul: São Francisco de Paula, Floresta Nacional de São Francisco de Paula, Mata de Araucária (29º23’00”S; 50º23’00”W), 14♂, 12♀ (IBSP 144468; IBSP 144471; IBSP 144481; IBSP 144482; IBSP 144485; IBSP 144486; IBSP 144503–IBSP 144507; IBSP 144509; IBSP 144511; IBSP 144513–IBSP 144515; IBSP 144517–IBSP 144519; IBSP 144557), all collected in 2003–2004 by R. Baldissera; Santa Maria , Reserva Biológica de Ibicuí-Mirim (29º32’12”S; 53º47’47”W), 2♀, 10. XII.1992, N. Silveira leg. (IBSP 212655); Cidade dos Meninos (29°42’7.77”S; 53°43’16.07”W), 1♀, 18.II.1999 , C. Kotzian & L. Indrusiak leg. (IBSP 120133); Caxias do Sul, Fazenda Souza (29°4’21,76”S; 51°0’12,17”W), 1♂, 18–21.XI.1993 , A.A. Lise leg. (MCTP 4157).

Diagnosis. Males of Patrera opertanea can be distinguished from those of the remaining species by the embolus originating in the basal third of tegulum and short, folded retrolateral tibial apophysis in the male palp ( Figs. 14C–E , 15A, B , 16D ). Females resemble that of Patrera tensa by the epigynum with small hood and atrium (as in Figs 11F , 12C ), but differs by the triangular lateral borders and shorter copulatory ducts ( Figs 14F, G , 15C, D , 16F ).

Description. Male (IBSP35844). Carapace, legs and palps yellow. Chelicerae, labium and endites orange; sternum yellow with orange lateral borders. Cream abdomen dorsally orange, with greenish gray paramedian bands, ventrally yellowish, and spinnerets cream ( Fig. 14A ). Total length 8.4, carapace length 3.5, width 2.5. Clypeus height 0.10. Eye diameters and interdistances:AME 0.08, ALE 0.20, PME 0.18, PLE 0.20; AME–AME 0.06, AME– ALE 0.08, PME–PME 0.14, PME–PLE 0.14, ALE–PLE 0.06. Chelicerae 2.1 long, four promarginal teeth, five retromarginal denticles ( Fig. 16A ). Leg measurements: leg I—femur 5.8/ patella 1.7/ tibia 7.0/ metatarsus 6.7/ tarsus 2.8/ total 24; II—4.9/ 1.5/ 5.5/ 5.2/ 2.1; III—3.0/ 1.0/ 2.5/ 3.2/ 1.0/ 10.7; IV—4.3/ 1.3/ 4/ 5.2/ 1.5/ 16.3. Leg spination: I— II—tibia v2-2-0, p1-1-1, r1-1-1, metatarsus v2-2-0, p1-0-0, r1-0-0; III— IV—tibia v2-2-0, p1-1-0, r1-1-0, metatarsos v2-2-2, p1-1-2, r1-1-2. Abdomen: length 4.5, epigastric furrow 1.4 from tracheal spiracle, spiracle 1.6 from base of spinnerets. Palp: tibia as long as cymbium, accentuated curved; tibial retrolateral apophysis sinuous; cymbium oval, with retrolateral basal fissure; tegulum oval, with sperm duct sinuous at third basal area, forming an accentuated inverted “S-shaped”; tegular projection very short, in the distal border of tegulum; median apophysis, curved at apex; slender and curved embolus, with large base ( Figs 14C–D , 15A, B , 16B–E ).

Female (Holotype). Coloration as in male, but clearer and with bands on the back of the abdomen inconspicuous ( Fig. 14B ). Total length 8.2, carapace length 3.2, width 2.4. Clypeus height 0.05. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.05, ALE 0.08, PME 0.10, PLE 0.10; AME–AME 0.05, AME–ALE 0.03, PME–PME 0.08, PME–PLE 0.08, ALE–PLE 0.05. Chelicerae 1.8 long, five promarginal teeth, seven retromarginal denticles. Leg measurements: leg I—femur 3.8/ patella 1.0/ tibia 3.6/ metatarsus 2.8/ tarsus 1.4/ total 12.6; II—3/ 1/ 3/ 2.6/ 1.3/ 10.9; III—2.1/ 0.8/ 1.8/ 2.2/ 0.8/ 7.7; IV—3.2/ 1.1/ 2.6/ 3.4/ 1.2/ 11.5. Leg spination: I— II—tibia v2-2-0, p1-1-1, r1-1-1, metatarsus v2-0-0, p1-0-0, r1-0-0; III—tibia v2-2-2, p1-1-0, r1-1-0, metatarsus v1p-1p-0, p1-1-1, r1-1-1; IV—tibia v2-2-2, p1-1-0, r1- 1-0, metatarsus v2-2-2, p1-1-1, r1-1-1. Abdomen: length 7.2, epigastric furrow 1.5 from tracheal spiracle, spiracle 1.2 from base of spinnerets. Epigynum: lateral borders short, not connected distally; small, triangular atrium; short, semicircular hood; internally with short, convolute copulatory ducts; short seminal receptacles in the proximal area of the copulatory ducts; globose spermathecae; fertilization ducts long, curved, basal ( Figs 14F, G , 15C, D , 16F ).

Variation. Males (n=4): total length 8.2–8.6; carapace length 3.2–3.6; femur I length 5–5.8; Females (n=10): total length: 7.6–9.5; carapace length 2.9–3.5; femur I length 3.8–4.1.

Distribution. Southeast and South of Brazil ( Fig. 27D ).

Figures

FIGURE 11A–G. Patrera tensa (Keyserling, 1891). Male (IBSP 138589): A habitus, dorsal view; C left palp, ventral view; D same, retrolateral view; E same, dorsal view. Female (IBSP 138574): B habitus, dorsal view; F epigynum, ventral view; G epigynum, dorsal view.Abbreviations: E, embolus; MA, median apophysis; RTA, retrolateral tibial apophysis; T, tegulum. Scale bars: A, B 3.5mm; C–E 0.66mm; F, G 0.25mm.

FIGURE 12A–D. Patrera tensa (Keyserling, 1891). Male (IBSP 138574): A left palp, ventral view; B same, retrolateral view. Female (IBSP 138566): C epigynum, ventral view; D epigynum, dorsal view. Abbreviations: A, atrium; CD, copulatory ducts; CO, copulatory opening; E, embolus; FD, fertilization ducts; H, hood; MA, median apophysis; RTA, retrolateral tibial apophysis; S, spermathecae; SR, seminal receptacles; T, tegulum. Scale bars: A–D 0.25mm.

FIGURE 14A–G. Patrera opertanea (Keyserling, 1891). Male (IBSP 138472):A habitus, dorsal view; C left palp, ventral view; D same, retrolateral view; E same, dorsal view. Female (IBSP 138477): B habitus, dorsal view; F epigynum, ventral view; G epigynum, dorsal view.Abbreviations: E, embolus; H, hood; LB, lateral borders; MA, median apophysis; RTA, retrolateral tibial apophysis; T, tegulum. Scale bars: A, B 3.5mm; C 0.5mm; D 0.73mm; E 0.66mm; F, G 0.25mm.

FIGURE 15A–D. Patrera opertanea (Keyserling, 1891). Male (IBSP 138477): A left palp, ventral view; B same, retrolateral view. Female (IBSP 138477): C epigynum, ventral view; D epigynum, dorsal view. Abbreviations: CD, copulatory ducts; CO, copulatory opening; E, embolus; FD, fertilization ducts; H, hood; LB, lateral borders; MA, median apophysis; RTA, retrolateral tibial apophysis; S, spermathecae; SR, seminal receptacles; T, tegulum. Scale bars: A–D 0.25mm.

FIGURE 16A–F. Patrera opertanea (Keyserling, 1891). Male (Holotype):A chelicerae, ventral view; B left palp, ventral view; C same, distal area, detail; D same, ventral view; E same, retrolateral view. Female (IBSP 144471): F epigynum, ventral view. Abbreviations: E, embolus; H, hood; LB, lateral borders; MA, median apophysis; RTA, retrolateral tibial apophysis; T, tegulum. Scale bars: A, B 0.3mm; D 0.05mm; C–F 0.1mm.

FIGURE 27A–F. Distribution map of Patrera species.