Callibaetis zonalis Navás, 1915

Cruz, Paulo Vilela, Salles, Frederico Falcão & Hamada, Neusa, 2013, Callibaetis Eaton (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) from Brazil, Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 48 (11 - 12), pp. 591-660 : 653-658

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.1080/00222933.2013.791883
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038F4646-FFAE-083F-FDB8-D16BFBF0FE4C
treatment provided by	Felipe
scientific name	Callibaetis zonalis Navás
status

Treatment

Callibaetis zonalis Navás View in CoL

Callibaetis zonalis Navás, 1915a View in CoL ; Gillies, 1990; Domínguez et al., 2006, p. 117. Callibaetis vitreus Navás, 1915b, p. 121 ; Navás, 1919, p. 81.

Baetis opacus Navás, 1915a, p. 12 .

Callibaetis sobrius Navás, 1916, p. 61 .

Baetis virellus Navás, 1915b, p. 119 .

Callibaetis apertus Navás, 1917, p. 190 .

Callibaetis depressus Navás, 1922, p. 59 .

Callibaetis amoenus Navás, 1930c, p. 131 .

Known stages: I ♀ ♂

Diagnosis

Male imago. (1) Forewing hyaline, sometimes with stigmatic area pigmented.

Female imago. (1) Forewing hyaline, except C, Sc, R 1 areas (fig. 2 in Gillies 1990); (2) marginal intercalary veins paired (fig. 2 in Gillies 1990); (3) costal process of hind wing pointed (fig. 3 in Gillies 1990); (4) hind wing with 15–17 cross veins (fig. 3 in Gillies 1990).

Material examined

No types or specimens were examined; the diagnosis was based on the literature.

Comments

Even though the male imago is described, the large variation presented by Gillies (1990) does not allow a reliable specific identification. Several synonymies were established considering mainly the alar pigmentation. To provide a useful diagnosis it will be necessary to re-evaluate the types and analyse additional specimens from the type locality.

Distribution

Argentina, Paraguay and Brazil: São Paulo state, São Paulo county.

Key to identify the male imagos of Callibaetis from Brazil ∗

1. Forewing with marginal intercalary veins single ( Figure 10H View Figure 10 )............. 2 Forewing with marginal intercalary veins paired ( Figure 1I View Figure 1 )............... 4

2. Forceps segment I with setae on inner margin; forceps segment III elongated (fig. 39 in Nieto 2008)........................................... C. pollens Forceps View in CoL segment I without setae on inner margin; forceps segment III not elongated ( Figure 11C View Figure 11 ).................................................. 3

3. Costal process of hind wing rounded ( Figure 11F View Figure 11 ).............. C. gonzalezi View in CoL Costal process of hind wing truncated ( Figure 26E View Figure 26 )............. C. radiatus View in CoL

4. Forewing hyaline ( Figure 13D View Figure 13 ).......................................... 5 Forewing with some pigmentation ( Figures 17D View Figure 17 , 21D View Figure 21 ).................... 8

5. Abdominal sterna with red spots (fig. 31 in Cruz et al. 2009).... C. capixaba View in CoL Abdominal sterna without red spots..................................... 6

6. Abdominal sterna with transverse light brown mark medially on posterior margin of all segments ( Figure 13I View Figure 13 ); hind wing without cross veins ( Figure 13E View Figure 13 )........................................... C. itannae sp. nov. Abdominal sterna without light brown mark medially on posterior margin of all segments ( Figure 10K View Figure 10 ); hind wing with cross veins ( Figure 26E View Figure 26 )........ 7

7. Abdominal sterna with reddish mark anterolaterally.... C. guttatus View in CoL (in part) Abdominal sterna with blackish mark anterolaterally............ C. willineri View in CoL

8. Dorsal portion of turbinate eyes circular ( Figure 10A View Figure 10 ).................... 9 Dorsal portion of turbinate eyes oval ( Figure 26A View Figure 26 )...................... 10

9. Dorsal portion of turbinate eyes with constriction on apical third (red arrow in Figure 10B View Figure 10 ).......................................... C. gelidus sp. nov. Dorsal portion of turbinate eyes without constriction ( Figure 21B View Figure 21 ).............................................................. C. nigracyclus sp. nov.

10. Forewing with three or four transversal pigmented bands ( Figure 9C View Figure 9 )..................................................................... C. fasciatus Pigmentation View in CoL of forewing hyaline or with band parallel to posterior margin of wing.................................................................. 11

11. Forewing with one pigmented band parallel to posterior margin of wing ( Figure 27D View Figure 27 )................................................... C. sellacki View in CoL Forewing without parallel band to posterior margin of wing............. 12

12. Forewing hyaline except for stigmatic area (fig. 3 in Cruz et al. 2009)....................................................... C. fluminensis View in CoL or C. zonalis View in CoL Forewing with pigmentation not restrict to stigmatic area................ 13

13. Forewing without complete band, with marks near outer margin (figs. 6, 8 in Gillies 1990)................................................... C. guttatus View in CoL Forewing with complete bands, without marks near outer margin........ 14

14. Apical third of forewing with few or no pigmentation ( Figure 1D View Figure 1 )................................................................ C. calloventer sp. nov. Apical third of forewing strongly pigmented ( Figure 17D View Figure 17 )............... 15

15. Forceps segment I with base as wide as apex ( Figure 5C View Figure 5 ).......................................................................... C. cruentus sp. nov. Forceps segment I wide at base ( Figure 17C View Figure 17 )..................... C. jocosus View in CoL

∗ The male imago of C. viviparus is not known; the male imago of C. gregarius View in CoL is not in the key since the status of the taxon is not clear.

Key to identify the female imagos of Callibaetis View in CoL from Brazil ∗

1. Forewing with marginal intercalary veins single ( Figure 10H View Figure 10 )............. 2 Forewing with marginal intercalary veins paired ( Figure 5H View Figure 5 ).............. 7

2. Forewing without pigmentation ( Figure 25B View Figure 25 ).................... C. pollens View in CoL Forewing with pigmentation............................................. 3

3. Fore and hind wing with yellowish brown pigmentation at base (after fixation) ( Figure 11H,I View Figure 11 )............................................... C. gonzalezi Fore View in CoL and hind wing without yellowish brown pigmentation at base........ 4

4. Area around bulla pigmented (black arrow in Figure 21G View Figure 21 )................ 5 Area around bulla without pigmentation ( Figure 26G View Figure 26 ).................... 6

5. Forewing with dark marks near outer margin ( Figure 21G View Figure 21 ); hind wing with pigmentation variable, apex always pigmented ( Figure 21H View Figure 21 ); abdominal sterna with many light brown spots ( Figure 21J View Figure 21 )...... C. nigracyclus sp. nov. Forewing without dark marks near outer margin ( Figure 10H View Figure 10 ); hind wing with mark at base of costal process, apex without pigmentation ( Figure 10I View Figure 10 ); abdominal sterna white ( Figure 10K View Figure 10 ).................... C. gelidus sp. nov.

6. Costal process of hind wing truncated ( Figure 26H View Figure 26 )............. C. radiatus View in CoL Costal process of hind wing rounded........................... C. viviparus

7. Forewing not pigmented ( Figure 13G View Figure 13 )................................... 8 Forewing pigmented ( Figures 12B View Figure 12 and 11H View Figure 11 ).............................. 9

8. Abdominal sterna with many red spots (fig. 35 in Cruz et al. 2009)........................................................................ C. capixaba View in CoL Abdominal sterna without red spots ( Figure 13I View Figure 13 )......... C. itannae sp. nov.

9. Forewing completely pigmented ( Figure 5H View Figure 5 )............................ 10 Forewing with hyaline areas ( Figure 12B View Figure 12 )............................... 12

10. Hind wing hyaline with mark at base of costal process ( Figure 17H View Figure 17 )......................................................................... C. jocosus Hind View in CoL wing completely pigmented ( Figure 1J View Figure 1 )............................ 11

11. Abdominal terga III, V and VII with two oblique red marks ( Figure 1H View Figure 1 )........................................................ C. calloventer sp. nov. Abdominal terga III, V and VII without two oblique red marks ( Figure 5G View Figure 5 )........................................................ C. cruentus sp. nov.

12. Forewing with transverse pigmented bands ( Figure 27G View Figure 27 )................ 13 Forewing without transverse pigmented bands.......................... 15

13. Forewing with five or six pigmented bands, sometimes with black marks near posterior margin ( Figure 12B View Figure 12 ).................................. C. guttatus View in CoL Forewing with less than five bands ( Figure 27G View Figure 27 )......................... 14

14. Forewing with three or four bands of pigmentation, without parallel band................................................................. C. fasciatus View in CoL Forewing with two bands of pigmentation, second parallel to posterior margin of wing ( Figure 27G View Figure 27 )........................................... C. sellacki View in CoL

15. Area around bulla pigmented (fig. 7 in Cruz et al. 2009)....... C. fluminensis View in CoL Area around bulla not pigmented....................................... 16

16. Hind wing with costal process rounded......................... C. willineri Hind View in CoL wing with costal process pointed........................... C. zonalis View in CoL

∗ The female imago of C. gregarius View in CoL is not known.

Key to identify the nymphs of Callibaetis View in CoL from Brazil ∗

1. Maxillary palp shorter than or subequal to galea-lacinia ( Figures 2F View Figure 2 and 6F View Figure 6 )........................................................................ 2 Maxillary palp longer than galea-lacinia................................. 9 2. Second segment of maxillary palp extremely reduced, 0.2 × length of segment one ( Figure 2F View Figure 2 )..................................... C. calloventer sp. nov. Second segment of maxillary palp not reduced ( Figure 6F View Figure 6 )................ 3

3. Distal margin of labrum with deep medial emargination; dorsal surface of labrum with fine, long and simple setae (fig 37a, b in Cruz et al. 2009); hind claw with two rows of minute spines (fig. 44b in Cruz et al. 2009).......................................................................... C. capixaba View in CoL Distal margin with small medial emargination; dorsal surface of labrum without fine setae; hind claw with two rows of long spines................. 4

4. Antenna without spines ( Figure 22A View Figure 22 ); paraglossa ventrally with one row of spine-like setae near inner margin (black arrow in Figure 22G View Figure 22 ); forefemur without trifid spine-like setae ( Figure 23B View Figure 23 )................................................................. C. nigracyclus sp. nov. or C. gelidus sp. nov. Antenna with spines ( Figure 14A View Figure 14 ); paraglossa ventrally without row of spine-like seta ( Figure 14H View Figure 14 ); forefemur with trifid spine-like setae ( Figure 15B View Figure 15 )........................................................................ 5

5. Labrum with small medial emargination (fig. 4 in Nieto 2008)... C. gonzalezi View in CoL Labrum with deep medial emargination ( Figure 2B View Figure 2 )...................... 6

6. Hind femur with curved and pectinated setae near ventral margin ( Figure 7G View Figure 7 )........................................... C. cruentus sp. nov. Hind femur with curved and pectinated setae not restrict to near ventral margin or without curved setae ( Figure 15E View Figure 15 )............................. 7

7. Hind femur with two rows of curved and pectinated setae, the middle row directed dorsally and the row near ventral margin directed ventrally ( Figure 19F View Figure 19 )................................................... C. jocosus Hind View in CoL femur without curved and pectinated setae ( Figure 15E View Figure 15 )............. 8

8. Labrum ventrally with many long and simple setae near anterolateral margin ( Figure 14B View Figure 14 ); distal margin of labrum medially with pectinated setae ( Figure 14C View Figure 14 ); glossa and paraglossa with apex rounded ( Figure 14H View Figure 14 )................................................................ C. itannae sp. nov. Labrum ventrally without setae on anterolateral margin; distal margin of labrum medially with simple setae (fig. 76b in Nieto 2008); glossa and paraglossa with apex pointed (fig. 81 in Nieto 2008)............. C. willineri View in CoL

9. Labrum with deep medial emargination ( Figures 14B View Figure 14 , 2B View Figure 2 , 22B View Figure 22 ).......... 10 Labrum with small medial emargination (fig. 25a in Nieto 2008)......... 11

10. Second segment of labial palp truncated at apex; hind claws with two rows of minute denticles (fig. 51 in Nieto 2008)........................... C. pollens Second View in CoL segment of labial palp rounded at apex; hind claws with two rows of long denticles (fig. 69 in Nieto 2008)............................ C. sellacki View in CoL

11. Forefemur without trifid spine-like setae........................ C. radiatus Forefemur View in CoL with trifid spine-like setae................................... 12

12. Distal margin of labrum medially with short, robust, apically serrated setae (fig. 11b in Cruz et al. 2009); paraglossa ventrally with spine-like setae; all segments of cerci with spines (fig. 25 in Cruz et al. 2009)...... C. fluminensis View in CoL Distal margin of labrum medially with simple setae (fig. 25b in Nieto 2008); paraglossa ventrally without spine-like setae; cerci with spines on each one segment (fig. 36 in Nieto 2008)................................. C. guttatus View in CoL

∗ The nymphs of C. fasciatus View in CoL , C. gregarius View in CoL , C. viviparus and C. zonalis View in CoL are not known.