Phryno

Tachi, Takuji, 2013, Systematic study of the genera Phryno Robineau-Desvoidy and Botria Rondani in the Palearctic Region, with discussions of their phylogenetic positions (Diptera, Tachinidae), Zootaxa 3609 (4), pp. 361-391 : 385

Key to species of Phryno and Botria

Male postabdominal characters are generally needed for the reliable identification of most species of these genera. It is often very difficult to identify female specimens.

1. Facial ridge bare or with some setae on lower part ( Fig. 1 )............................. Phryno Robineau-Desvoidy ….5

- Facial ridge with many short setae on lower half or more ( Fig. 2 )................................. Botria Rondani …2

2. Vertex distinctly wide, 0.35–0.37 of head width in male, approximately 0.4 in female................................3

- Vertex narrow, 0.15–0.24 of head width in male, 0.26–0.33 in female ............................................. 4

3. Male postabdomen with surstylus very slender in lateral view ( Fig. 22 ); male cerci strongly rounded on basal half in lateral view, wide basally in dorsal view.......................................................... B. frontosa (Meigen)

- Male surstylus wide in lateral view; male cerci rather slender in lateral view.................. B. clarinigra Chao & Liu

4. Male vertex 0.15–0.20 of head width; arista thickened at most on basal half in both sexes; male surstylus curved inward in dor- sal view ( Fig. 26 )........................................................................ B. japonica Mesnil

- Male vertex slightly wider, 0.20–0.24 of head width; arista thickened on basal 3/ 5 in both sexes; male surstylus nearly straight in dorsal view ( Fig. 29 ).............................................................. B. subalpina Villeneuve

5. Vein M with section between crossvein dm-cu and bend 1.0–1.3 times as long as that between bend and wing margin; scutel- lum usually entirely orange or reddish yellow............................................................... 6

- Vein M with section between crossvein dm-cu and bend 1.5–2.0 times as long as that between bend and wing margin; basal part of scutellum black or dark brown..................................................................... 9

6. Male femora brown or light brown with dense gray or blackish gray pruinosity basally............................... 7

- Male femora entirely orange or reddish yellow without pruinosity............................................... 8

7. Male postabdomen with surstylus without setae; vertex approximately 0.30 of head width; two katepisternal setae.......................................................................... P. tibialis (Sun) and P. yichengica Chao & Liu

- Outer surface of surstylus with some short setae ( Figs. 13–14 ); male vertex very narrow, approximately 0.25 of head width; three katepisternal setae............................................................... P. nepalensis sp. nov.

8. Male surstylus rather broad in lateral view ( Fig. 10 ), nearly straight in dorsal view ( Fig. 11 ); male cerci subequal in length to surstylus and curved ventrally at apex in lateral view ( Fig. 10 )................................... P. koreana sp. nov.

- Male surstylus slender in lateral view ( Fig. 19 ), strongly curved inward on apical half in dorsal view ( Fig. 20 ); male cerci slightly shorter than surstylus in lateral view ( Fig. 19 )........................................... P. vetula (Meigen)

9. Male antenna with first flagellomere usually short, 4.5–5.5 times as long as pedicel; male surstylus nearly straight and rather broad in dorsal view ( Figs. 4 , 7 ); male cerci subequal in length to surstylus in lateral view ( Figs. 3 , 6 ).................. 10

- First flagellomere long, 5.5–6.5 times as long as pedicel; male surstylus slender, narrowed and curved inward on basal half in dorsal view ( Fig. 17 ); male cerci distinctly shorter than surstylus ( Fig. 16 )...................... P. tenuiforceps sp. nov.

10. Male surstylus very broad in lateral view; male cerci pointed apically in lateral view ( Fig. 6 ).............. P. katoi Mesnil

- Male surstylus slender in lateral view; male cerci rounded apically in lateral view ( Fig. 3 ).......... P. brevicornis sp. nov.

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 2. Male heads in profile. 1. Phryno katoi Mesnil (Hokkaido, Japan). 2. Botria frontosa (Meigen) (Saitama, Japan). Scale bars = 0.5 mm. (Abbreviations. comp eye: compound eye; fir flgm: first flagellomere; ped: pedicel; fa rid: facial ridge).

FIGURES 22 – 25. Male and female postabdomen of Botria frontosa (Meigen) (Saitama, Japan). 22. Epandrium, cerci and surstylus in lateral view. 23. Same in dorsal view (setae omitted on left side). 24. Hypandrium, pregonite, postgonite and phallus in lateral view. 25. Female postabdomen in lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

FIGURES 26 – 31. 26 – 28. Male postabdomen of B. japonica Mesnil (Hokkaido, Japan). 26. Epandrium, cerci and surstylus in lateral view. 27. Same in dorsal view (setae omitted on left side). 28. Hypandrium, pregonite, postgonite and phallus in lateral view. 29 – 31. Male postabdomen of B. subalpina Villeneuve (Germany). 29. Epandrium, cerci and surstylus in lateral view. 30. Same in dorsal view (setae omitted on left side). 31. Hypandrium, pregonite, postgonite and phallus in lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

FIGURES 13 – 15. Male postabdomen of P. nepalensis sp. nov. (holotype). 13. Epandrium, cerci and surstylus in lateral view. 14. Same in dorsal view (setae omitted on left side). 15. Hypandrium, pregonite, postgonite and phallus in lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

FIGURES 10 – 12. Male postabdomen of P. koreana sp. nov. (paratype). 10. Epandrium, cerci and surstylus in lateral view. 11. Same in dorsal view (setae omitted on left side). 12. Hypandrium, pregonite, postgonite and phallus in lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

FIGURES 19 – 21. Male postabdomen of P. vetula (Meigen) (Germany). 19. Epandrium, cerci and surstylus in lateral view. 20. Same in dorsal view (setae omitted on left side). 21. Hypandrium, pregonite, postgonite and phallus in lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

FIGURES 3 – 5. Male postabdomen of P. brevicornis sp. nov. (paratype). 3. Epandrium, cerci and surstylus in lateral view. 4. Same in dorsal view (setae omitted on left side). 5. Hypandrium, pregonite, postgonite and phallus in lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm. (Abbreviations. cerc: cerci; distph: distiphallus; epand: epandrium; epiph: epiphallus; hypd: hypandrium; pgt: postgonite; prgt: pregonite; sur: surstylus).

FIGURES 6 – 9. Male and female postabdomen of P. katoi Mesnil (Hokkaido, Japan). 6. Epandrium, cerci and surstylus in lateral view. 7. Same in dorsal view (setae omitted on left side). 8. Hypandrium, pregonite, postgonite and phallus in lateral view. 9. Female postabdomen in lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm. (Abbreviations. st 5: fifth abdominal sternum; st 6: sixth abdominal sternum; st 7: seventh abdominal sternum; t 6: sixth abdominal tergum; t 7: seventh abdominal tergum).

FIGURES 16 – 18. Male postabdomen of P. tenuiforceps sp. nov. (paratype). 16. Epandrium, cerci and surstylus in lateral view. 17. Same in dorsal view (setae omitted on left side). 18. Hypandrium, pregonite, postgonite and phallus in lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.