Eucnemidae, sensu Muona, 1993

Muona, Jyrki & Teräväinen, Marianna, 2020, A Re-evaluation of the Eucnemidae larval characters (Coleoptera), Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 60 (28), pp. 1-13 : 6

Eucnemidae : Melasinae , Hylocharini ( Fig. 6A )

Head capsule small, cap-like, divided into ventral and dorsal plates but these fused (c83), antennae located in deep pits, hard to see, basal, lateral and front teeth absent in contrast to all other Eucnemidae except Anischiinae , Nematodini , Hylocharini and all hypermetamorphic Eucneminae . Labrum fused to head without trace of suture as in all Eucnemidae except Phyllocerinae and Pseudomenini (c88). Number of antennomeres reduced as in all Eucnemidae except Phyllocerinae and Pseudomeninae , in contrast to Elateridae , Cerophytidae and Throscidae (c86).Mandibles large,freely movable and powerful, exodont as in Melasini and Nematodini , differingfromthoseofallotherdiscussedtaxa(6A).Maxillolabial complex completely fused with epicranium as in other Eucnemidae except Perothopinae , Pseudomeninae and Anischiinae , contrary to Cerophytidae and Throscidae (separate, but incapable of movement) and Elateridae (freely movable) (c100). Prothorax substantially wider than mesothorax, ventrally and dorsally with conspicuous plates consisting of rows of wave-like sharp sclerotizations, a unique feature, mesothorax without sclerotizations, presternum undefined. Legs visible as dark spot only as in all Eucnemidae except Perothopidae , Phylloceridae, Pseudomeninae , Anischiinae and the non-eucnemids discussed. Abdominal segments without microtrichial patches contrary to Nematodini , with large areoles contrary to Melasini . Spiracles with closing apparatus as in other Eucnemidae , all Cerophytidae and Throscidae , in contrast to Elateridae .

Figures

Figure 6. Eucnemidae, larval heads, solid wood boring types. (A) Hylochares cruentatus (Gyllenhal), dorsal; (B) Melasis pectinicornis Melsheimer, dorsal; (C) Trigonopleurusrugulosus Bonvouloir,dorsal.a = antenna,m = mandible.