Haplodesmidae

Golovatch, Sergei I. & Vandenspiegel, Didier, 2014, Koponenius gen. nov., a new genus of the millipede family Haplodesmidae from the Himalayas of India and Nepal (Diplopoda: Polydesmida), Zootaxa 3894 (1), pp. 141-151 : 150

Key to the known genera of Haplodesmidae , based mainly on male characters:

1 Body more or less pyrgodesmid-like, not capable of volvation, with rather well developed and strongly declivous paraterga. Head largely invisible from above, being concealed under a large, flabellate, usually clearly lobulated collum. Ozopores usually borne on porosteles 2

– Body either vermiform, subcylindrical, not capable of volvation and devoid of paraterga starting from segment 3 or “doratodesmid”, with or without mid-dorsal projections, but always with well-developed and strongly declivous paraterga, typically capable of complete conglobation. Porosteles mostly absent.................................................... 3

2 Collum’s fore margin strongly 12-lobulated. Body with 20 segments. Postcollum metaterga with 3 transverse rows of tuberculations. Entire gonopod telopodites falcate, uniramous, seminal groove mesal, usually terminating in a hairy pulvillus................................................................................... Prosopodesmus Silvestri, 1910

– Collum’s fore margin either regularly rounded and only vaguely lobulated or with a prominent median projection at fore margin. Body with 19 segments. Postcollum metaterga with 4 transverse rows of tuberculations. Only distal halves of gonopod telopodites curved caudad, uni- or biramous, seminal groove running mostly on lateral side, terminating on a simple and slen- der solenomere devoid of a hairy pulvillus................................................. Koponenius gen. nov.

3 Body vermiform, subcylindrical, not capable of volvation, with paraterga 2 rather well developed, but following ones represented mostly by lateral swellings. Gonopods simplified....................................................... 4

– Body “doratodesmid”, with or without mid-dorsal projections; mostly capable of complete conglobation, with paraterga 2 always very strongly enlarged laterally, all following paraterga more or less strongly declivous while collum somewhat reduced. Gonopods usually rather elaborate................................................................. 6

4 Body with 19 (male) or 20 (female) segments, collum and all following metaterga with abundant setation in part represented by long, bisegmented, tactile setae. Gonopods especially simple; telopodite = solenomere sometimes with a lateral outgrowth at midway; seminal groove terminating subapically and devoid of a hairy pulvillus........... Cylindrodesmus Pocock, 1889

– Body with 19 or 20 segments regardless of sex, collum and all following metaterga without abundant irregular setation, usually tuberculate. Paraterga 2 rather well developed, but following ones mostly represented by lateral swellings. Gonopods aberrant..................................................................................................... 5

5 Body with 19 segments. Collum still large, covering the head from above, with 4–5 transverse rows of setigerous tubercles or pits. Following paraterga with three rows of similar tubercles or pits. Gonopods with poorly setose gonocoxae and a considerably shortened prefemoral (= setose) part, deeply biramous thereafter, with a very long and flagelliform solenomere devoid of a hairy pulvillus.................................................................... Helodesmus Cook, 1896

– Body with 19 or 20 segments. Collum small, not covering the head from above; tergal trichome wanting. Metaterga often irregularly multituberculate. Gonopod coxae virtually bare and reduced; telopodites strongly geniculate at about midway, with neither a coxal cannula nor a seminal groove......................................... Agathodesmus Silvestri, 1910

6 Gonopod telopodite typically stout and strongly enlarged laterally towards end of femorite, with or without a short solenomere branch thereafter; acropodite variable, from absent to well-developed........ Doratodesmus Cook in Cook & Collins, 1895

– Gonopod telopodite usually slender, not enlarged towards end of femorite, but with a more or less distinct process or outgrowth laterally, opposite recurvature point of seminal groove; solenomere thereafter taking up most of telopodite, sometimes elaborate; seminal groove terminating distally to subapically, with or without a hairy pulvillus; acropodite small to nearly absent....................................................................... Eutrichodesmus Silvestri, 1910