Solenysa akihisai, 2011

Tu, Lihong & Hormiga, Gustavo, 2011, Phylogenetic analysis and revision of the linyphiid spider genus Solenysa (Araneae: Linyphiidae: Erigoninae), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 161 (3), pp. 484-530 : 497-499

SOLENYSA MELLOTEEI GROUP

Composition: Four species, S. melloteei Simon, 1894 , S. akihisai Tu sp. nov., S. partibilis Tu, Ono & Li, 2007 , and S. reflexilis Tu et al., 2007 .

Diagnosis: The males of the S. melloteei group are characterized by the broad, spiral plate-shaped embolus protruding out of the distal part of the cymbium, by the hook-shaped cymbial probasal process and by the almost half rounded Solenysa tegular triangle ( Fig. 12A ). Females are distinguished by the centrally folded solenoid and by the spherical spermathecae ( Figs 8F, 13A ).

Description: For somatic characters see the genus description.

Male palp ( Fig. 12A–F ): tibia twice as long as patella. Proximal tibial process with two long bristles. Cymbial probasal process hook-shaped, pointing forward. Paracymbium with an additional mesally oriented proximal curve that articulates with cymbial retrolateral process. Solenysa tegular triangle wider than that of other Solenysa , almost half rounded. Radix embedded ( Figs 8D, 12B ). Lamella characteristica anterior branch (LC 1) stout and well sclerotized, extending forward just behind embolus; second branch (LC 2) ribbon-like, long, and slender, dragging extremely backwards, then turning forwards; third one (LC 3) pointed, strongly sclerotized, sometimes bifurcate. Anterior and posterior terminal apophysis small, median one enlarged. Embolus spiral plateshaped ( Fig. 12F ), sclerotized, without pointed embolus proper.

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Epigynum usually with well-developed epigynal collar ( Fig. 8E). Solenoid connected from its ventral side, folded dorsoventrally ( Figs 8H, 13A ). Large spherical spermathecae. Copulatory ducts extending laterally turning half a circle before entering spermatheca from its outboard ( Fig. 8I). Fertilization ducts mesially directed.

Distribution: Japan ( Fig. 22 ).

Figures

Figure 12. Solenysa partibilis. A–F, male palp: A, retrolateral; B, ventral; C, detail of A; D, anterior; E, detail of B; F, detail of D (arrow indicates sperm duct in embolus). G, anterior part of male abdomen showing epiandrous fusules absent and smooth book lung cover. H, detail of G. Abbreviations: ATA, anterior terminal apophysis; DSA, distal suprategular apophysis; E, embolus; LC1, anterior branch of lamella characteristica; LC2, median branch of lamella characteristica; LC3, posterior branch of lamella characteristica; MTA, median terminal apophysis; P, paracymbium; PBP, cymbial probasal process; PTA, posterior terminal apophysis; PTP, proximal tibial process; RLP, cymbial retrolateral process; STT, Solenysa tegular triangle; T, tegulum. Scale bars in mm.

Figure 13. Solenysa partibilis. A–D, epigynum: A, ventral; B, dorsal; C, caudal; D, detail of C. E–H, spinnerets: E, male; F, female; G, female ALS; H, female PLS. Abbreviations: AC, aciniform gland spigot(s); AG, aggregate gland spigot(s); ALS, anterior lateral spinneret; CY, cylindrical gland spigot(s); DP, dorsal plate; FO, fertilization opening; FL, flagelliform gland spigot(s); mAP, minor ampullate gland spigot(s); MAP, major ampullate gland spigot(s); PI, piriform gland spigot(s); PLS, posterior lateral spinneret; PMS, posterior median spinneret; SL, solenoid; VP, ventral plate. Scale bars in mm.

Figure 22. Distribution records of Solenysa species. Half-filled circle (), Solenysa retractilis sp. nov.; concentric circle (), Solenysa geumoensis Seo, 1996; circle filled with ‘i’ (), Solenysa wulingensis Li & Song, 1992; circle (•), Solenysa tianmushana sp. nov.; star (*), Solenysa protrudens Gao et al., 1993; cross (), Solenysa lanyuensis sp. nov.; flag (), Solenysa longqiensis Li & Song, 1992; balloon (), Solenysa yangmingshana sp. nov.; square (), Solenysa melloteei Simon, 1894; triangle (Δ), Solenysa akihisai sp. nov.; diamond (Ɨ), Solenysa partibilis Tu et al., 2007; pentagon (), Solenysa reflexilis Tu et al., 2007.