Pelanomodon moschops (Broom, 1913)
publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.5852/cr-palevol2023v22a16 |
publication LSID |
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:5BEBCC73-819E-47AE-9610-1E50B1AD6B60 |
persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038287CB-FFAF-FFD7-78C0-554AEA1EB4B6 |
treatment provided by |
Felipe |
scientific name |
Pelanomodon moschops |
status |
|
Pelanomodon moschops Delectosaurus arefjevi Peramodon amalitzkii
Char. 1: 6.049 -6.089 → 6.093 Char. 1: 5.937 -6.019 → 5.861 Char. 0: 0.292 -0.315 → 0.272 Char. 3: 0.892 -0.908 → 0.912 Char. 2: 0.253 → 0.258 Char. 11: 9.900 -10.100 → 9.500 Char. 4: 0.534 -0.583 → 0.584 Char. 3: 0.685 → 0.702 Char. 12: 0.895 -0.924 → 0.839 Char. 8: 8.720 → 9.400 Char. 7: 0.117 -0.118 → 0.119 Char. 13: 0.186 -0.219 → 0.167 Char. 9: 0.141 → 0.155 Char. 9: 0.121 → 0.130 Char. 14: 0.723 -0.763 → 0.676 Char. 11: 13.100 -13.500 → 12.300 Char. 11: 13.900 → 14.700 Char. 15: 0.724 -0.731 → 0.680 Char. 15: 0.764 -0.785 → 0.742 Char. 40: 0 → 1 Char. 60: 1 → 0
Char. 120: 2 → 1
Geikia locusticeps Char. 131: 1 → 0 Taoheodon baizhijuni
Char. 0: 0.289 -0.300 → 0.256 Char. 135: 1 → 0 Char. 1: 5.927 -5.982 → 6.100 Char. 2: 0.305 → 0.278 Char. 6: 1.443 -1.485 → 1.180 Char. 4: 0.529 → 0.514 Dicynodon lacerticeps Char. 7: 0.112 -0.118 → 0.110 Char. 6: 1.429 -1.468 → 1.627 Char. 0: 0.308 -0.315 → 0.324 Char. 9: 0.121 -0.132 → 0.105 Char. 11: 13.100 -13.500 → 13.900 Char. 11: 12.000 → 11.900 Char. 10: 9.740 -9.775 → 9.640 Char. 12: 0.801 -0.822 → 0.756 Char. 13: 0.219 → 0.241 Char. 13: 0.212 -0.219 → 0.285 Char. 81: 1 → 0 Char. 112: 1 → 0 Char. 41: 0 → 1
Char. 150: 2 → 0 Char. 55: 0 → 1
Dicynodon angielczyki Char. 63: 0 → 1
Geikia elginensis Char. 3: 0.607 → 0.524 Char. 110: 1 → 0
Char. 0: 0.289 -0.300 → 0.366 Char. 4: 0.546 → 0.569 Char. 132: 1 → 0
Char. 2: 0.305 → 0.521 Char. 6: 1.443 -1.485 → 1.351 Char. 133: 0 → 1
Char. 3: 0.892 -0.908 → 0.846 Char. 7: 0.117 → 0.105
Char. 12: 0.801 -0.822 → 0.829 Char. 8: 7.700 → 7.560 Counillonia superoculis
Char. 13: 0.205 → 0.212 Char. 9: 0.121 → 0.114 Char. 4: 0.408 → 0.276
Char. 14: 0.818 -0.856 → 0.900 Char. 10: 9.869 → 9.950 Char. 5: 0.260 -0.281 → 0.134 Char. 15: 0.848 → 0.987 Char. 12: 0.926 → 0.965 Char. 11: 12.000 → 9.616
Char. 54: 0 → 1 Char. 14: 0.749 → 0.808 Char. 57: 0 → 2
Char. 55: 0 → 1 Char. 150: 2 → 0
Char. 118: 0 → 1 Repelinosaurus robustus
Char. 137: 1 → 0 Daptocephalus huenei Char. 0: 0.240 -0.297 → 0.200
Char. 6: 1.347 -1.485 → 1.250 Char. 11: 12.000 → 14.698
Elph borealis Char. 7: 0.118 → 0.123 Char. 12: 0.876 → 0.829
No autapomorphies Char. 9: 0.111 → 0.117 Char. 34: 0 → 1
Char. 12: 0.895 -0.924 → 1.024 Char. 54: 0 → 1
Char. 73: 0 → 1 Daptocephalus leoniceps Vivaxosaurus trautscholdi
Char. 0: 0.292 → 0.268 Char. 0: 0.369 → 0.380 Katumbia parringtoni Char. 2: 0.230 → 0.237 Char. 2: 0.253 → 0.230
Char. 0: 0.240 -0.279 → 0.196 Char. 3: 0.563 -0.564 → 0.539 Char. 4: 0.541 -0.546 → 0.481 Char. 1: 5.927 → 5.868 Char. 5: 0.414 → 0.437 Char. 5: 0.334 → 0.285
Char. 3: 0.640 → 0.527 Char. 6: 1.347 -1.485 → 1.500 Char. 6: 1.618 → 1.824
Char. 5: 0.290 → 0.347 Char. 10: 9.680 → 9.378 Char. 7: 0.117 -0.118 → 0.116 Char. 8: 8.900 → 9.300 Char. 12: 0.895 -0.924 → 0.858 Char. 8: 7.800 → 7.900
Char. 11: 13.000 → 14.400 Char. 17: 0.543 → 0.545 Char. 10: 9.798 -9.869 → 10.203 Char. 14: 0.781 → 0.833 Char. 12: 0.985 → 1.041
Char. 51: 1 → 0 Dinanomodon gilli Char. 41: 0 → 1
Char. 68: 0 → 1 Char. 3: 0.563 -0.564 → 0.480 Char. 55: 0 → 1
Char. 112: 0 → 1 Char. 5: 0.405 -0.414 → 0.522 Char. 61: 1 → 0
Char. 125: 0 → 1 Char. 12: 0.895 -0.924 → 1.047 Char. 71: 2 → 1
Char. 131: 1 → 0 Char. 54: 1 → 0 Char. 95: 1 → 0
Char. 96: 1 → 0
Jimusaria sinkianensis Euptychognathus bathyrhynchus Lystrosaurus declivis Char. 3: 0.650 → 0.672 Char. 2: 0.212 -0.244 → 0.130 Char. 0: 0.308 -0.315 → 0.347 Char. 4: 0.604 → 0.767 Char. 4: 0.523 -0.546 → 0.560 Char. 1: 6.003 → 5.954 Char. 5: 0.334 -0.343 → 0.464 Char. 6: 1.443 -1.485 → 1.559 Char. 4: 0.417 -0.466 → 0.415 Char. 12: 0.924 → 0.992 Char. 7: 0.117 -0.124 → 0.091 Char. 5: 0.119 -0.143 → 0.112 Char. 13: 0.203 -0.240 → 0.251 Char. 9: 0.088 -0.098 → 0.084 Char. 6: 2.001 → 2.141 Char. 15: 0.724 -0.734 → 0.699 Char. 12: 0.814 -0.924 → 0.792 Char. 8: 8.400 → 8.800 Char. 51: 1 → 2 Char. 36: 0 → 1 Char. 11: 9.900 -10.100 → 9.700 Char. 54: 1 → 0 Char. 37: 0 → 1 Char. 16: 0.473 → 0.418 Char. 56: 2 → 1 Char. 58: 0 → 1 Char. 17: 0.460 → 0.458 Char. 112: 1 → 0 Char. 198: 0 → 1 Char. 18: 0.441 -0.465 → 0.478
Char. 20: 1.455 → 1.300 Sintocephalus alticeps Lystrosaurus hedini Char. 21: 0.352 → 0.347 Char. 0: 0.315 -0.336 → 0.354 Char. 0: 0.308 -0.315 → 0.320 Char. 1: 5.994 → 5.969 Char. 1: 6.072 → 6.111 Lystrosaurus murrayi Char. 3: 0.562 → 0.516 Char. 2: 0.383 → 0.414 Char. 0: 0.308 -0.315 → 0.288 Char. 10: 9.599 → 9.399 Char. 3: 0.689 → 0.705 Char. 2: 0.424 → 0.427 Char. 11: 10.000 -10.250 → 9.600 Char. 5: 0.119 -0.143 → 0.146 Char. 3: 0.705 → 0.726 Char. 12: 0.814 -0.924 → 1.022 Char. 6: 1.664 → 1.471 Char. 7: 0.157 -0.162 → 0.175 Char. 34: 1 → 0 Char. 7: 0.165 → 0.174 Char. 9: 0.097 -0.098 → 0.101
Char. 8: 8.400 → 9.200 Char. 10: 10.309 → 10.358 Basilodon woodwardi Char. 9: 0.086 -0.098 → 0.079 Char. 11: 9.900 -10.100 → 11.700 Char. 3: 0.562 → 0.722 Char. 10: 10.145 → 10.203 Char. 12: 0.874 → 0.816 Char. 4: 0.522 → 0.497 Char. 11: 10.900 → 11.400 Char. 13: 0.315 → 0.316 Char. 5: 0.238 -0.294 → 0.225 Char. 12: 0.805 → 0.673 Char. 14: 0.757 -0.767 → 0.793 Char. 6: 1.338 → 1.305 Char. 14: 0.711 → 0.691 Char. 15: 0.711 -0.731 → 0.754 Char. 7: 0.124 → 0.128 Char. 15: 0.706 -0.731 → 0.781 Char. 16: 0.473 → 0.478 Char. 8: 6.500 → 5.700 Char. 54: 1 → 0 Char. 19: 0.750 -0.787 → 0.843 Char. 9: 0.132 → 0.139 Char. 57: 1 → 0 Char. 21: 0.352 → 0.392 Char. 11: 10.000 -10.250 → 12.600 Char. 61: 1 → 0 Char. 22: 0.545 → 0.605 Char. 57: 1 → 0 Char. 67: 2 → 1 Char. 57: 1 → 0 Char. 61: 0 → 1 Char. 104: 0 → 1 Char. 61: 1 → 0 Char. 67: 1 → 2 Char. 126: 0 → 1 Char. 99: 1 → 2 Lystrosaurus maccaigi Char. 135: 1 → 0
Char. 0: 0.308 -0.315 → 0.274 Turfanodon bogdaensis Char. 2: 0.383 → 0.347 Shansiodon Char. 3: 0.563 -0.564 → 0.588 Char. 3: 0.689 → 0.656 Char. 0: 0.267 → 0.265 Char. 6: 1.347 → 1.327 Char. 4: 0.413 → 0.325 Char. 3: 0.201 → 0.163 Char. 11: 9.900 -10.100 → 10.300 Char. 5: 0.119 -0.143 → 0.108 Char. 5: 0.466 → 0.633 Char. 61: 1 → 0 Char. 6: 1.664 → 1.764 Char. 8: 7.000 → 7.200 Char. 79: 0 → 1 Char. 9: 0.086 -0.098 → 0.123 Char. 10: 9.798 -10.009 → 9.780 Char. 106: 1 → 2 Char. 10: 10.145 → 10.022 Char. 12: 0.983 -1.004 → 1.129
Char. 13: 0.294 → 0.354 Char. 61: 0 → 1 Gordonia traquairi Char. 55: 0 → 1 Char. 67: 1 → 2 Char. 0: 0.307 → 0.252 Char. 56: 2 → 0 Char. 2: 0.253 -0.278 → 0.139 Tetragonias njalilus Char. 5: 0.334 -0.343 → 0.309 Lystrosaurus curvatus Char. 0: 0.304 -0.336 → 0.378 Char. 13: 0.203 -0.240 → 0.188 Char. 8: 7.800 -8.400 → 7.400 Char. 1: 6.064 -6.099 → 5.912 Char. 15: 0.724 -0.734 → 0.773 Char. 11: 9.900 -10.100 → 8.600 Char. 2: 0.327 -0.352 → 0.354 Char. 34: 1 → 0 Char. 15: 0.706 -0.731 → 0.643 Char. 4: 0.523 -0.538 → 0.574
Char. 21: 0.352 → 0.313 Char. 8: 6.900 -7.000 → 6.800
Char. 16: 0.473 -0.490 → 0.447
Char. 20: 1.484 -1.789 → 1.852
Char. 21: 0.352 → 0.304
Char. 149: 2 → 1 Vinceria andina Kannemeyeria lophorhinus Xiyukannemeyeria brevirostris Char. 4: 0.523 -0.538 → 0.490 Char. 0: 0.421 → 0.361 Char. 0: 0.420 → 0.286 Char. 7: 0.130 → 0.137 Char. 1: 6.121 → 6.286 Char. 7: 0.143 -0.161 → 0.169 Char. 9: 0.100 → 0.153 Char. 3: 0.293 -0.526 → 0.663 Char. 8: 7.500 → 8.500 Char. 10: 9.798 -10.009 → 10.552 Char. 6: 1.461 -1.505 → 2.051 Char. 9: 0.094 -0.102 → 0.086 Char. 11: 11.200 → 11.300 Char. 7: 0.147 → 0.149 Char. 11: 10.000 -10.600 → 8.900 Char. 51: 1 → 2 Char. 8: 9.800 -9.900 → 10.800 Char. 12: 0.918 -0.920 → 0.795 Char. 86: 1 → 0 Char. 13: 0.179 → 0.077 Char. 13: 0.243 → 0.320
Char. 60: 1 → 2 Char. 54: 0 → 1 Rhinodicynodon gracile Char. 131: 1 → 0 Char. 131: 1 → 0 Char. 1: 6.064 -6.104 → 6.213 Char. 158: 1 → 0 Char. 6: 1.443 -1.485 → 1.568 Char. 160: 1 → 0 Rabidosaurus cristatus Char. 7: 0.117 -0.125 → 0.100 Char. 0: 0.423 → 0.464 Char. 10: 9.798 -10.009 → 9.174 Dolichuranus primaevus Char. 81: 0 → 1 Char. 12: 0.895 -1.004 → 0.879 Char. 1: 6.104 -6.105 → 6.079 Char. 14: 0.821 -0.858 → 0.875 Char. 4: 0.500 -0.518 → 0.484 Rhadiodromus Char. 17: 0.479 -0.481 → 0.354 Char. 5: 0.354 -0.368 → 0.400 Char. 1: 6.104 -6.105 → 6.144 Char. 22: 0.476 -0.494 → 0.383 Char. 6: 1.443 -1.485 → 1.339 Char. 3: 0.293 -0.460 → 0.285 Char. 61: 0 → 1 Char. 8: 6.900 -7.000 → 8.700 Char. 4: 0.500 -0.518 → 0.574 Char. 79: 1 → 0 Char. 10: 10.206 -10.469 → 10.672 Char. 5: 0.318 -0.368 → 0.254 Char. 131: 1 → 0 Char. 11: 10.000 -10.100 → 9.700 Char. 7: 0.143 -0.147 → 0.122
Char. 57: 1 → 0 Char. 10: 10.206 -10.469 → 10.023 Acratophorus argentinensis Char. 72: 0 → 1 Char. 18: 0.450 -0.478 → 0.604 Char. 0: 0.420 → 0.329 Char. 104: 1 → 0 Char. 68: 0 → 1 Char. 2: 0.403 -0.413 → 0.445 Char. 126: 1 → 0 Char. 132: 0 → 1 Char. 3: 0.268 -0.460 → 0.205 Char. 169: 1 → 0 Char. 4: 0.506 -0.607 → 0.666 Wadiasaurus indicus Char. 7: 0.143 -0.161 → 0.120 Sinokannemeyeria Char. 3: 0.268 -0.460 → 0.539 Char. 11: 10.000 -10.600 → 8.055 Char. 2: 0.403 -0.413 → 0.478 Char. 64: 1 → 0 Char. 14: 0.756 -0.786 → 0.716 Char. 3: 0.359 -0.460 → 0.543 Char. 16: 0.467 -0.494 → 0.345 Char. 5: 0.195 -0.230 → 0.175 Shaanbeikannemeyeria Char. 17: 0.519 -0.520 → 0.468 Char. 8: 6.655 -7.000 → 5.900 Char. 0: 0.490 -0.509 → 0.527 Char. 18: 0.450 → 0.292 Char. 9: 0.094 -0.102 → 0.109 Char. 2: 0.409 → 0.513 Char. 19: 0.562 -0.652 → 0.706 Char. 14: 0.756 -0.786 → 0.549 Char. 3: 0.293 -0.526 → 0.886 Char. 20: 1.239 → 1.206 Char. 15: 0.515 -0.668 → 0.385 Char. 5: 0.318 -0.368 → 0.414 Char. 21: 0.417 → 0.424 Char. 17: 0.519 -0.520 → 0.489 Char. 7: 0.147 → 0.157 Char. 22: 0.405 -0.411 → 0.574 Char. 18: 0.478 → 0.556 Char. 9: 0.088 -0.091 → 0.176 Char. 61: 0 → 1 Char. 20: 1.239 -1.381 → 1.187 Char. 10: 10.432 -10.478 → 10.642 Char. 111: 0 → 1 Char. 21: 0.411 → 0.408 Char. 12: 1.147 -1.154 → 1.432 Char. 158: 1 → 0 Char. 92: 0 → 1 Char. 14: 0.756 -0.786 → 0.734 Char. 194: 1 → 0 Char. 17: 0.558 → 0.580
Parakannemeyeria Char. 86: 0 → 1 Kannemeyeria simocephalus Char. 0: 0.420 → 0.455 Char. 144: 1 → 0 Char. 43: 1 → 0 Char. 1: 6.203 → 6.280
Char. 2: 0.403 -0.413 → 0.377 Rechnisaurus cristarhynchus Kannemeyeria aganosteus Char. 4: 0.382 -0.433 → 0.354 Char. 0: 0.490 -0.509 → 0.510 No autapomorphies Char. 7: 0.143 -0.161 → 0.122 Char. 2: 0.409 → 0.436
Char. 10: 10.027 → 9.688 Char. 3: 0.293 -0.526 → 0.154
Char. 11: 10.000 -10.600 → 12.300 Char. 5: 0.233 → 0.211
Char. 13: 0.243 → 0.166 Char. 7: 0.147 → 0.140
Char. 43: 0 → 1 Char. 64: 1 → 0
Char. 114: 2 → 1
Char. 173: 1 → 0 Uralokannemeyeria vjuschkovi
Char. 2: 0.409 → 0.407
Angonisaurus cruickshanki Char. 101: 0 → 3 Stahleckeria potens
Char. 1: 6.104 -6.139 → 6.301 Char. 103: 0 → 2 Char. 0: 0.411 → 0.438
Char. 2: 0.445 → 0.514 Char. 104: 0 → 1 Char. 1: 6.104 -6.139 → 5.992 Char. 4: 0.500 -0.518 → 0.572 Char. 105: 0 → 1 Char. 3: 0.618 -0.667 → 0.726 Char. 5: 0.354 -0.368 → 0.600 Char. 106: 0 → 2 Char. 5: 0.354 -0.368 → 0.288 Char. 6: 1.443 -1.485 → 1.491 Char. 108: 0 → 1 Char. 8: 5.900 -7.000 → 11.100 Char. 7: 0.151 -0.183 → 0.190 Char. 109: 0 → 2 Char. 9: 0.060 -0.084 → 0.052 Char. 13: 0.192 -0.202 → 0.143 Char. 110: 0 → 1 Char. 10: 10.206 -10.269 → 10.284 Char. 20: 1.484 -1.789 → 2.541 Char. 112: 0 → 1 Char. 11: 9.200 → 8.700
Char. 132: 0 → 1 Char. 113: 1 → 0 Char. 12: 1.012 → 0.953
Char. 196: 0 → 1 Char. 114: 2 → 1 Char. 14: 0.832 → 0.856
Char. 115: 0 → 1 Char. 19: 0.592 → 0.391 Ufudocyclops mukanelai Char. 122: 0 → 1 Char. 20: 1.789 → 2.217
Char. 0: 0.693 → 0.376 Char. 123: 0 → 1 Char. 21: 0.433 → 0.434
Char. 2: 0.261 → 0.468 Char. 129: 0 → 1 Char. 28: 2 → 0
Char. 4: 0.148 → 0.515 Char. 131: 0 → 1 Char. 111: 0 → 1
Char. 5: 0.029 → 0.332 Char. 136: 0 → 1 Char. 174: 0 → 1
Char. 8: 5.800 → 9.310 Char. 137: 0 → 1
Char. 12: 1.060 → 0.983 Char. 138: 0 → 1 Sangusaurus parringtonii
Char. 23: 0 → 1 Char. 139: 0 → 2 Char. 1: 6.104 -6.139 → 6.177 Char. 24: 0 → 2 Char. 144: 0 → 1 Char. 2: 0.445 → 0.461
Char. 27: 0 → 2 Char. 146: 0 → 1 Char. 6: 1.390 -1.431 → 1.129 Char. 30: 0 → 2 Char. 147: 0 → 3 Char. 7: 0.151 -0.161 → 0.144 Char. 31: 0 → 1 Char. 149: 0 → 1 Char. 9: 0.064 -0.084 → 0.091 Char. 33: 0 → 1 Char. 152: 0 → 1 Char. 12: 1.012 -1.032 → 1.061 Char. 39: 0 → 2 Char. 160: 0 → 1 Char. 20: 1.789 → 1.944
Char. 41: 0 → 1 Char. 162: 0 → 2 Char. 39: 2 → 0
Char. 42: 1 → 0 Char. 163: 0 → 1 Char. 48: 1 → 0
Char. 44: 0 → 1 Char. 197: 0 → 1 Char. 130: 0 → 1
Char. 45: 0 → 2
Char. 48: 0 → 1 Zambiasaurus submersus Sangusaurus sp.
Char. 49: 0 → 1 Char. 21: 0.416 -0.433 → 0.401 Char. 43: 1 → 0
Char. 56: 0 → 2 Char. 132: 0 → 1
Char. 60: 0 → 1 Char. 175: 0 → 1 Eubrachiosaurus browni
Char. 63: 0 → 1 Char. 178: 1 → 0 No autapomorphies
Char. 64: 0 → 1
Char. 69: 2 → 1 Placerias hesternus Ischigualastia jenseni
Char. 70: 0 → 1 Char. 50: 0 → 1 Char. 0: 0.411 → 0.482
Char. 72: 0 → 1 Char. 67: 2 → 1 Char. 5: 0.499 → 0.528
Char. 73: 2 → 1 Char. 198: 0 → 1 Char. 10: 10.206 -10.269 → 10.023 Char. 74: 0 → 1 Char. 14: 0.832 → 0.912
Char. 75: 0 → 1 Moghreberia nmachouensis Char. 16: 0.427 → 0.419
Char. 77: 0 → 1 Char. 51: 0 → 2 Char. 18: 0.529 → 0.561
Char. 79: 0 → 2 Char. 158: 1 → 0 Char. 21: 0.433 → 0.412
Char. 80: 0 → 2 Char. 41: 1 → 2
Char. 82: 0 → 1 Pentasaurus goggai Char. 114: 1 → 5
Char. 85: 0 → 2 Char. 150: 2 → 0
Char. 88: 0 → 1 Jachaleria candelariensis
Char. 89: 0 → 1 Char. 67: 1 → 2
Char. 91: 0 → 1
Char. 94: 0 → 1 Jachaleria colorata
Char. 95: 0 → 1 Char. 87: 0 → 1
Char. 97: 0 → 1 Char. 110: 1 → 0
Char. 98: 0 → 2
Char. 99: 0 → 1
Dinodontosaurus brevirostris Node 124 Node 132
Char. 6: 1.443 -1.485 → 2.180 Char. 0: 0.606 → 0.509 -0.547 Char. 8: 5.600 -6.000 → 5.000 -5.300
Char. 7: 0.135 -0.147 → 0.176 Char. 4: 0.190 → 0.272 -0.305 Char. 93: 0 → 1
Char. 8: 7.300 → 9.106 Char. 5: 0.046 → 0.072 Char. 99: 0 → 1
Char. 9: 0.085 -0.098 → 0.107 Char. 17: 0.367 → 0.329 Char. 104: 0 → 1
Char. 11: 10.000 -10.100 → 9.690 Char. 96: 1 → 0 Char. 119: 0 → 1 Char. 176: 1 → 0 Char. 141: 0 → 1
Dinodontosaurus tener Char. 177: 1 → 0 Char. 142: 0 → 1
Char. 0: 0.321 -0.356 → 0.398 Char. 149: 0 → 1
Char. 3: 0.314 → 0.240 Node 125
Char. 4: 0.500 -0.518 → 0.461 Char. 3: 0.700 -0.842 → 0.333 Node 133
Char. 5: 0.354 → 0.328 Char. 4: 0.272 -0.305 → 0.352 Char. 39: 1 → 2
Char. 6: 1.443 -1.485 → 1.414 Char. 5: 0.072 -0.104 → 0.218
Char. 9: 0.085 -0.098 → 0.074 Char. 71: 0 → 2 Node 134
Char. 11: 10.000 -10.100 → 10.900 Char. 74: 0 → 1 Char. 14: 0.865 → 0.831 Char. 77: 0 → 1 Char. 156: 0 → 1
Lisowicia bojani Char. 97: 0 → 1 Char. 175: 1 → 0
Char. 17: 0.498 -0.524 → 0.576 Char. 102: 0 → 1 Char. 176: 0 → 1
Char. 65: 0 → 1 Char. 153: 0 → 1
Char. 75: 1 → 2 Char. 159: 0 → 1 Node 135
Char. 121: 2 → 1 Char. 14: 0.920 -0.956 → 0.865
Char. 128: 1 → 0 Node 126 Char. 15: 1.059 → 0.968
Char. 167: 1 → 0 Char. 29: 0 → 1 Char. 56: 0 → 1
Char. 169: 1 → 0 Char. 143: 0 → 1
Char. 183: 1 → 0 Node 136
Char. 184: 1 → 0 Node 127 Char. 4: 0.327 → 0.435 Char. 91: 0 → 1 Char. 13: 0.355 -0.395 → 0.259
Woznikella triradiata Char. 107: 0 → 1 Char. 14: 0.831 → 0.708 -0.723
Char. 15: 0.841 -0.897 → 0.930 Char. 115: 1 → 2 Char. 82: 0 → 1
Char. 16: 0.442 -0.490 → 0.362 Char. 85: 1 → 2
Char. 22: 0.411 -0.457 → 0.371 Node 128 Char. 99: 0 → 1
Char. 24: 2 → 1 Char. 17: 0.351 → 0.396 Char. 101: 1 → 3
Char. 56: 3 → 2 Char. 108: 0 → 1
Char. 59: 0 → 1 Node 129 Char. 109: 0 → 2 Char. 17: 0.299 -0.329 → 0.351 Char. 114: 0 → 3
Node 120 Char. 116: 1 → 0
No synapomorphies Node 130 Char. 143: 1 → 2 Char. 31: 0 → 1 Char. 161: 0 → 1
Node 121 Char. 33: 0 → 1 Char. 162: 1 → 2
Char. 14: 0.855 → 0.920 Char. 44: 0 → 1
Char. 47: 0 → 1 Char. 61: 1 → 0 Node 137
Char. 140: 0 → 1 Char. 97: 0 → 1 Char. 0: 0.339 → 0.322 Char. 106: 0 → 1 Char. 3: 0.914 → 0.908
Node 122 Char. 115: 0 → 1 Char. 4: 0.435 → 0.518
Char. 14: 0.595 -0.718 → 0.855 Char. 129: 0 → 1 Char. 11: 11.600 -12.000 → 10.600-
Char. 15: 1.710 -1.870 → 1.620 Char. 136: 0 → 1 11.200
Char. 61: 0 → 1 Char. 163: 0 → 1 Char. 13: 0.259 → 0.253 -0.257
Char. 132: 0 → 1 Char. 30: 0 → 2 Node 131 Char. 44: 1 → 2
Node 123 Char. 4: 0.272 -0.305 → 0.407 Char. 49: 0 → 1
Char. 73: 2 → 1 Char. 11: 11.600 -12.000 → 15.400 Char. 81: 0 → 1
Char. 93: 1 → 0 Char. 113: 1 → 0 Char. 146: 0 → 1
Char. 94: 0 → 1 Char. 131: 0 → 1
Char. 101: 0 → 1
Char. 181: 0 → 1
Char. 189: 0 → 1
Node 138 Node 145 Node 150
Char. 0: 0.322 → 0.231 -0.237 Char. 11: 10.600 -11.000 → 9.500 Char. 0: 0.231 -0.279 → 0.220
Char. 1: 5.555 → 5.714 Char. 14: 0.723 -0.730 → 0.798- Char. 6: 1.548 -1.565 → 1.646
Char. 4: 0.518 → 0.520 0.859 Char. 8: 9.550 -9.600 → 9.800
Char. 5: 0.111 → 0.222 -0.257 Char. 30: 2 → 1 Char. 12: 0.850 -0.871 → 0.840
Char. 6: 2.470 → 2.070 -2.434 Char. 100: 0 → 1 Char. 27: 2 → 1
Char. 10: 10.385 -10.457 → 10.177 Char. 45: 2 → 0
Char. 24: 0 → 1 Node 146 Char. 54: 0 → 1
Char. 69: 0 → 1 Char. 2: 0.190 -0.197 → 0.207 -0.232 Char. 113: 1 → 0
Char. 124: 0 → 1 Char. 6: 1.751 -1.847 → 1.548 -1.565 Char. 134: 0 → 1 Char. 10: 9.687 → 9.694
Node 139 Char. 27: 1 → 2 Node 151
Char. 48: 0 → 1 Char. 61: 1 → 0 Char. 8: 8.250 -8.400 → 9.550 -9.600
Char. 61: 0 → 1 Char. 118: 1 → 0 Char. 13: 0.212 -0.290 → 0.293- Char. 143: 2 → 4 0.348
Node 140 Char. 25: 0 → 1
Char. 10: 9.418 -9.687 → 9.417 Node 147 Char. 28: 2 → 0
Char. 77: 1 → 2 Char. 9: 0.182 -0.199 → 0.150 -0.173 Char. 146: 1 → 0 Char. 24: 1 → 0 Char. 150: 0 → 1
Node 141 Char. 38: 0 → 1 Char. 164: 2 → 0
Char. 15: 0.924 -0.928 → 0.901- Char. 130: 0 → 1 Char. 166: 0 → 1
0.904 Char. 187: 0 → 1 Char. 176: 1 → 0
Char. 25: 0 → 1
Char. 32: 0 → 1 Node 148 Node 152
Char. 50: 0 → 2 Char. 28: 0 → 2 Char. 1: 5.810 -5.863 → 5.874 -5.950
Char. 54: 0 → 1 Char. 52: 0 → 1 Char. 10: 9.694 → 9.740 -9.775
Char. 148: 0 → 1 Char. 124: 1 → 2 Char. 45: 1 → 2
Char. 170: 0 → 1 Char. 140: 1 → 2 Char. 94: 0 → 1
Char. 176: 1 → 0 Char. 164: 0 → 2 Char. 95: 0 → 1
Node 142 Node 149 Node 153
Char. 6: 2.070 -2.434 → 1.751 -2.013 Char. 0: 0.279 → 0.328 Char. 2: 0.207 -0.232 → 0.275 -0.294 Char. 45: 0 → 1 Char. 3: 0.867 -0.906 → 0.396 Char. 5: 0.166 -0.187 → 0.139
Char. 93: 0 → 1 Char. 6: 1.548 -1.565 → 1.505 Char. 63: 0 → 1
Char. 114: 3 → 2 Char. 7: 0.118 -0.126 → 0.111 Char. 73: 01 → 2
Char. 122: 0 → 1 Char. 13: 0.302 → 0.319
Char. 15: 0.924 -0.938 → 0.825 Node 154
Node 143 Char. 34: 0 → 2 Char. 2: 0.275 → 0.202 -0.240
Char. 0: 0.231 -0.237 → 0.238 Char. 41: 0 → 1 Char. 3: 0.899 -1.032 → 0.840
Char. 12: 0.850 -0.871 → 0.881 Char. 47: 1 → 2 Char. 136: 1 → 2
Char. 71: 0 → 2 Char. 48: 1 → 0
Char. 73: 1 → 0 Char. 71: 0 → 1 Node 155
Char. 75: 0 → 1 Char. 7: 0.117 -0.123 → 0.116
Node 144 Char. 77: 1 → 2 Char. 88: 1 → 0
Char. 11: 9.500 → 8.000 Char. 90: 0 → 1 Char. 144: 0 → 1
Char. 12: 0.850 -0.871 → 0.902 -0.907 Char. 114: 2 → 3 Char. 147: 2 → 0
Char. 13: 0.290 → 0.302 Char. 198: 0 → 2 Char. 170: 0 → 1
Char. 27: 2 → 0
Char. 46: 0 → 1 Node 156
Char. 49: 1 → 0 Char. 44: 2 → 1
Char. 63: 0 → 1
Char. 143: 4 → 3
Char. 145: 0 → 1
Node 157 Node 164 Node 170 Char. 3: 0.867 -0.906 → 0.742 Char. 1: 5.927 -5.982 → 6.003 -6.066 Char. 0: 0.244 -0.282 → 0.289 -0.320 Char. 5: 0.166 -0.257 → 0.260 -0.281 Char. 5: 0.260 -0.281 → 0.213 -0.232 Char. 34: 0 → 1 Char. 9: 0.150 -0.173 → 0.121 -0.132 Char. 7: 0.112 -0.118 → 0.094 -0.107 Char. 59: 0 → 1 Char. 11: 10.600 -11.000 → 12.000 Char. 53: 0 → 1 Char. 83: 0 → 1 Char. 15: 0.924 -0.928 → 0.766 -0.819 Char. 56: 1 → 2
Node 171
Node 158 Node 165 Char. 2: 0.220 -0.232 → 0.183 -0.197 Char. 3: 0.840 → 0.764 Char. 99: 1 → 2 Char. 12: 0.910 -0.929 → 0.875- Char. 4: 0.473 -0.483 → 0.539 Char. 120: 0 → 1 0.882 Char. 67: 1 → 2 Char. 149: 2 → 1 Char. 57: 0 → 1 Char. 71: 0 → 2 Char. 61: 0 → 1
Node 166 Char. 193: 1 → 0
Node 159 Char. 12: 0.850 -0.871 → 0.910 Char. 0: 0.279 -0.281 → 0.308 -0.311 Char. 38: 1 → 0 Node 172 Char. 2: 0.289 -0.298 → 0.330 -0.383 Char. 51: 0 → 1 Char. 6: 1.458 → 1.436 Char. 4: 0.421 -0.483 → 0.357 -0.372 Char. 52: 1 → 0 Char. 11: 12.300 → 12.400 Char. 5: 0.048 -0.088 → 0.042 Char. 71: 0 → 1 Char. 14: 0.787 -0.798 → 0.758 Char. 7: 0.117 -0.123 → 0.132 Char. 130: 1 → 0 Char. 21: 0.353 → 0.345 Char. 8: 9.550 -9.600 → 10.550 Char. 137: 0 → 1 Char. 45: 2 → 1 Char. 10: 9.965 → 10.119 -10.173 Char. 143: 4 → 2 Char. 139: 2 → 1 Char. 124: 2 → 1 Char. 144: 0 → 1 Char. 195: 1 → 0
Char. 150: 0 → 2
Node 160 Char. 151: 0 → 1 Node 173 Char. 41: 0 → 1 Char. 59: 0 → 1 Char. 79: 0 → 1 Node 167 Char. 126: 1 → 0
Char. 1: 6.054 -6.066 → 6.094
Node 161 Char. 2: 0.220 -0.232 → 0.271 Node 174 Char. 3: 0.899 -1.032 → 1.139 -1.339 Char. 3: 0.844 → 0.738 Char. 9: 0.107 -0.111 → 0.097 -0.098 Char. 5: 0.108 -0.139 → 0.048 -0.088 Char. 5: 0.271 -0.277 → 0.606 Char. 17: 0.518 -0.543 → 0.490 Char. 12: 0.853 -0.871 → 0.872 Char. 12: 0.910 -0.929 → 0.936 Char. 34: 0 → 1 Char. 13: 0.348 → 0.380 Char. 13: 0.212 -0.213 → 0.167 Char. 56: 1 → 2 Char. 67: 1 → 0 Char. 14: 0.787 -0.798 → 0.838 Char. 87: 1 → 0 Char. 51: 1 → 0 Node 175 Char. 137: 0 → 1 Char. 60: 0 → 1 Char. 9: 0.121 → 0.107 -0.111
Char. 64: 0 → 1 Char. 11: 12.000 → 9.900 -10.100
Node 162 Char. 71: 1 → 2 Char. 54: 0 → 1 Char. 7: 0.132 → 0.135 Char. 78: 0 → 1 Char. 194: 0 → 1 Char. 12: 0.872 → 0.836 Char. 92: 0 → 1 Char. 13: 0.380 → 0.346 Node 176 Char. 25: 1 → 0 Node 168 Char. 15: 0.766 → 0.731 Char. 48: 1 → 0 Char. 4: 0.551 → 0.565 -0.566 Char. 16: 0.476 → 0.463 -0.473 Char. 110: 1 → 0 Char. 5: 0.232 → 0.271 -0.277 Char. 57: 0 → 1
Char. 17: 0.518 → 0.491 -0.506 Char. 73: 0 → 1
Node 163 Char. 22: 0.491 → 0.391 -0.411 Char. 1: 6.003 -6.066 → 6.112 Char. 198: 0 → 1 Node 177 Char. 5: 0.213 -0.232 → 0.203 Char. 0: 0.240 -0.297 → 0.308 -0.315 Char. 6: 1.489 -1.515 → 1.528 Node 169 Char. 5: 0.260 -0.281 → 0.334 -0.343 Char. 7: 0.094 -0.107 → 0.083 Char. 4: 0.541 -0.544 → 0.551 Char. 8: 8.250 -8.333 → 7.800 Char. 11: 12.000 -12.300 → 10.300 Char. 14: 0.693 -0.749 → 0.787 Char. 61: 0 → 1 Char. 12: 0.910 -0.914 → 0.831 Char. 15: 0.764 -0.785 → 0.745- Char. 71: 1 → 2
0.752 Char. 75: 0 → 1
Char. 18: 0.348 -0.361 → 0.366 Char. 125: 0 → 1
Char. 79: 0 → 1
Char. 144: 1 → 0
Node 178 Node 186 Node 195
Char. 2: 0.237 → 0.253 Char. 5: 0.260 -0.281 → 0.290 Char. 8: 7.800 → 7.200
Char. 67: 1 → 2 Char. 8: 8.250 -8.333 → 8.900 Char. 67: 2 → 1
Char. 112: 0 → 1 Char. 11: 12.000 -12.300 → 13.000 Char. 79: 0 → 1
Char. 120: 0 → 2 Char. 14: 0.723 -0.749 → 0.781
Char. 41: 0 → 1 Node 196
Node 179 Char. 54: 0 → 1 Char. 1: 6.005 -6.028 → 5.994
Char. 2: 0.220 -0.232 → 0.237 Char. 61: 0 → 1 Char. 4: 0.523 -0.546 → 0.522
Char. 6: 1.489 -1.515 → 1.443 -1.485 Char. 71: 1 → 2 Char. 6: 1.443 -1.485 → 1.338
Char. 60: 0 → 1 Char. 9: 0.088 -0.098 → 0.132
Char. 105: 0 → 1 Node 187 Char. 10: 9.663 → 9.599
Char. 116: 0 → 1 Char. 0: 0.308 -0.315 → 0.369 Char. 51: 1 → 0
Char. 154: 0 → 1 Char. 6: 1.443 -1.485 → 1.618 Char. 54: 1 → 0
Char. 11: 12.000 → 13.900 Char. 71: 2 → 1
Node 180 Char. 12: 0.910 -0.926 → 0.985
Char. 11: 12.300 → 13.500 Char. 60: 1 → 0 Node 197
Char. 13: 0.212 -0.213 → 0.204- Char. 2: 0.253 -0.278 → 0.212-0.244 0.205 Node 188 Char. 5: 0.334 -0.343 → 0.238 -0.294 Char. 95: 1 → 0 Char. 5: 0.334 -0.343 → 0.359 Char. 8: 6.900 -7.000 → 6.500
Char. 8: 7.800 → 7.700 Char. 10: 9.798 -10.009 → 9.663 Node 181 Char. 116: 1 → 0 Char. 116: 1 → 0
Char. 2: 0.220 -0.232 → 0.250
Char. 12: 0.910 -0.929 → 0.887 Node 189 Node 198
Char. 58: 0 → 1 Char. 10: 9.751 → 9.680 Char. 3: 0.563 -0.650 → 0.562
Char. 63: 0 → 1 Char. 114: 2 → 1 Char. 8: 7.200 → 6.900 -7.000
Char. 64: 0 → 1 Char. 133: 0 → 1 Char. 61: 1 → 0
Char. 73: 0 → 1
Char. 194: 0 → 1 Node 190 Node 199
Char. 4: 0.553 → 0.567 -0.569 Char. 1: 6.005 -6.028 → 6.072
Node 182 Char. 5: 0.369 → 0.405 -0.414 Char. 4: 0.417 → 0.413
Char. 2: 0.250 → 0.305 Char. 40: 0 → 1 Char. 7: 0.162 → 0.165
Char. 10: 9.740 -9.851 → 9.480 Char. 11: 9.900 -10.100 → 10.900 Char. 12: 0.887 → 0.822 Node 191 Char. 12: 0.874 -0.906 → 0.805 Char. 14: 0.693 -0.749 → 0.760 Char. 2: 0.253 → 0.224 -0.230 Char. 14: 0.757 -0.767 → 0.711 Char. 35: 0 → 1 Char. 4: 0.541 -0.546 → 0.553 Char. 113: 1 → 0
Char. 60: 0 → 2 Char. 5: 0.334 -0.343 → 0.369 Char. 114: 2 → 4
Char. 41: 0 → 1
Node 183 Node 200
Char. 7: 0.107 -0.112 → 0.104 Node 192 Char. 187: 1 → 0
Char. 10: 9.480 → 9.414 Char. 55: 0 → 1
Char. 14: 0.760 → 0.818 -0.856 Char. 111: 0 → 1 Node 201
Char. 44: 2 → 1 Char. 3: 0.563 -0.650 → 0.689
Char. 68: 0 → 1 Node 193 Char. 5: 0.334 -0.343 → 0.119 -0.143 Char. 83: 1 → 2 Char. 4: 0.541 -0.544 → 0.408 Char. 35: 0 → 1
Char. 95: 0 → 1 Char. 12: 0.910 → 0.876 Char. 36: 0 → 1
Char. 113: 1 → 0 Char. 37: 0 → 1
Node 184 Char. 131: 1 → 0 Char. 71: 2 → 0
Char. 4: 0.534 -0.583 → 0.529 Char. 104: 1 → 0
Char. 15: 0.764 -0.785 → 0.848 Node 194 Char. 106: 1 → 2
Char. 61: 0 → 1 Char. 0: 0.308 -0.315 → 0.307
Char. 73: 1 → 0 Char. 4: 0.523 -0.546 → 0.604
Char. 60: 1 → 0
Node 185 Char. 194: 1 → 0
Char. 56: 1 → 0 Node 202 Node 209 Node 216 Char. 1: 6.005 -6.028 → 6.003 Char. 0: 0.356 → 0.420 Char. 8: 6.900 -7.000 → 7.800 Char. 2: 0.383 → 0.424 Char. 66: 0 → 1 Char. 11: 10.800 → 11.300 Char. 3: 0.689 → 0.705 Char. 174: 0 → 1 Char. 12: 1.085 → 1.147 -1.154 Char. 6: 1.664 → 2.001 Char. 198: 0 → 2 Char. 10: 10.145 → 10.309 Node 210 Char. 13: 0.289 -0.294 → 0.315 Char. 12: 1.012 → 1.018 Node 217 Char. 17: 0.485 -0.490 → 0.460 Char. 51: 1 → 2 Char. 0: 0.420 → 0.490 -0.509 Char. 20: 1.484 → 1.455 Char. 74: 1 → 0 Char. 11: 10.000 -10.600 → 10.800 Char. 22: 0.489 -0.494 → 0.545 Char. 123: 1 → 2 Char. 12: 1.018 -1.031 → 1.085 Char. 58: 0 → 2 Char. 134: 0 → 1
Node 218 Node 203 Node 211 Char. 1: 6.105 → 6.140 Char. 0: 0.304 -0.336 → 0.267 Char. 2: 0.347 -0.388 → 0.392 -0.409 Char. 4: 0.500 -0.518 → 0.382 -0.433 Char. 5: 0.446 → 0.466 Char. 10: 10.155 → 10.206 -10.269 Char. 5: 0.318 -0.368 → 0.195 -0.230 Char. 7: 0.125 → 0.130 Char. 12: 0.926 -1.010 → 1.012 Char. 12: 1.018 -1.031 → 0.918- Char. 9: 0.088 -0.098 → 0.100 Char. 17: 0.507 → 0.519-0.520 0.920 Char. 11: 10.400 → 11.200 Char. 18: 0.423 → 0.450 -0.478 Char. 19: 0.562 -0.652 → 0.458 Char. 125: 1 → 0 Char. 21: 0.352 → 0.416 -0.425 Char. 21: 0.416 -0.417 → 0.411
Char. 22: 0.476 -0.494 → 0.411- Char. 37: 0 → 2 Node 204 0.457 Char. 41: 1 → 2 Char. 3: 0.314 -0.500 → 0.201 Char. 64: 0 → 1 Char. 86: 0 → 1 Char. 5: 0.435 → 0.446 Char. 125: 1 → 0 Char. 11: 10.100 → 10.400 Node 219 Char. 15: 0.734 → 0.796 Node 212 Char. 1: 6.140 → 6.203 Char. 22: 0.476 -0.494 → 0.596 Char. 4: 0.523 -0.538 → 0.500 -0.518 Char. 8: 6.655 -7.000 → 7.500 Char. 57: 1 → 0 Char. 7: 0.117 -0.125 → 0.135 -0.147 Char. 10: 10.206 -10.469 → 10.027
Char. 10: 9.798 -10.009 → 10.155 Node 205 Char. 13: 0.203 -0.240 → 0.202 Node 220 Char. 5: 0.354 -0.368 → 0.435 Char. 15: 0.724 -0.734 → 0.653- Char. 0: 0.420 → 0.423 Char. 14: 0.790 -0.814 → 0.821 - 0.722 Char. 71: 2 → 0 0.858 Char. 17: 0.490 → 0.507 Char. 17: 0.490 → 0.479 -0.481 Char. 18: 0.348 -0.361 → 0.423 Node 221 Char. 106: 1 → 2 Char. 56: 2 → 3 Char. 5: 0.318 -0.368 → 0.233 Char. 186: 0 → 1 Char. 132: 1 → 0 Char. 71: 2 → 1
Char. 149: 2 → 1 Node 206 Char. 174: 1 → 0 Node 222 Char. 1: 6.005 -6.028 → 6.064 -6.104 Char. 178: 0 → 1 Char. 2: 0.392 -0.409 → 0.445 Char. 3: 0.562 → 0.314 -0.500 Char. 3: 0.314 -0.500 → 0.618 -0.667 Char. 5: 0.334 -0.343 → 0.354 -0.368 Node 213 Char. 7: 0.143 -0.147 → 0.151 -0.183 Char. 63: 0 → 1 Char. 61: 0 → 1 Char. 9: 0.085 -0.091 → 0.060 -0.084 Char. 74: 0 → 1 Char. 43: 0 → 1 Char. 75: 1 → 2 Node 214 Char. 44: 2 → 1 Char. 81: 1 → 0 Char. 0: 0.490 -0.509 → 0.421 Char. 67: 1 → 0 Char. 113: 1 → 0 Char. 1: 6.069 -6.105 → 6.121 Char. 71: 2 → 0
Char. 9: 0.088 -0.091 → 0.086 Char. 75: 2 → 1 Node 207 Char. 34: 1 → 0 Char. 157: 5 → 0 Char. 5: 0.318 -0.368 → 0.476 Char. 40: 0 → 1 Char. 197: 0 → 1 Char. 15: 0.542 -0.686 → 0.705 Char. 72: 0 → 1 Char. 186: 0 → 1 Char. 106: 1 → 2 Node 223
Char. 114: 2 → 1 Char. 43: 1 → 0 Node 208 Char. 51: 1 → 0 Char. 9: 0.088 -0.091 → 0.094 Node 215 Char. 168: 0 → 1 Char. 13: 0.192 -0.202 → 0.243 Char. 8: 7.800 → 9.800 -9.900 Char. 196: 0 → 1 Char. 67: 1 → 2 Char. 11: 11.300 → 11.900 Char. 106: 1 → 2 Char. 43: 0 → 1
Node 224 Node 229 Node 231
Char. 167: 0 → 1 Char. 17: 0.519 -0.524 → 0.530 Char. 2: 0.445 → 0.423 Char. 19: 0.647 -0.652 → 0.592 Char. 3: 0.618 → 0.331
Node 225 Char. 22: 0.457 → 0.526 -0.565 Char. 5: 0.368 → 0.499
Char. 15: 0.722 → 0.841 -0.897 Char. 62: 0 → 1 Char. 20: 1.789 → 0.818
Char. 66: 0 → 1 Char. 158: 1 → 0 Char. 123: 1 → 3
Char. 156: 0 → 1 Char. 165: 0 → 1 Char. 164: 3 → 2 Char. 194: 1 → 0 Char. 169: 1 → 0
Node 226
No synapomorphies Node 230 Node 232 Char. 17: 0.530 → 0.538 Char. 54: 0 → 1
Node 227 Char. 67: 0 → 1
No synapomorphies Char. 75: 1 → 2 Node 233 Char. 87: 1 → 0 Char. 8: 6.900 -7.000 → 7.300
Node 228 Char. 106: 1 → 2 Char. 67: 1 → 2
Char. 67: 0 → 2 Char. 198: 0 → 123 Char. 103: 1 → 0 Char. 104: 1 → 0
Biarmosuchus tener Glanosuchus macrops Patranomodon nyaphulii No autapomorphies Char. 2: 0.244 -0.261 → 0.145 Char. 0: 0.339 → 0.290
Char. 3: 0.333 → 0.250 Char. 5: 0.094 -0.105 → 0.076 Hipposaurus boonstrai Char. 4: 0.352 → 0.367 Char. 7: 0.198 → 0.202 Char. 8: 5.800 → 3.500 Char. 8: 5.800 -6.200 → 5.300 Char. 9: 0.090 -0.094 → 0.043 Char. 12: 1.060 → 1.070 Char. 9: 0.090 -0.094 → 0.050 Char. 10: 10.455 -10.905 → 11.029 Char. 15: 1.870 → 2.630 Char. 15: 1.710 -1.870 → 2.120 Char. 11: 11.600 -12.000 → 13.700 Char. 73: 2 → 0 Char. 66: 0 → 1 Char. 12: 0.847 -0.871 → 0.744 Char. 95: 0 → 1 Char. 13: 0.355 -0.395 → 0.476 Char. 114: 2 → 0 Biseridens qilianicus Char. 14: 0.920 -0.956 → 1.250 Char. 166: 0 → 1 Char. 65: 0 → 1 Char. 87: 1 → 0 Char. 184: 1 → 0 Char. 90: 0 → 1 Char. 105: 0 → 1 Char. 191: 1 → 0 Char. 113: 1 → 0 Char. 122: 0 → 1
Char. 159: 0 → 1 Archaeosyodon praeventor Galeops whaitsi Char. 141: 0 → 1 Anomocephalus africanus Char. 2: 0.195 -0.228 → 0.180
No autapomorphies Char. 7: 0.140 → 0.136 Titanophoneus potens Char. 8: 5.600 -6.000 → 4.100 Char. 0: 0.509 -0.547 → 0.758 Tiarajudens eccentricus Char. 13: 0.355 -0.395 → 0.489 Char. 4: 0.272 -0.305 → 0.227 Char. 44: 1 → 0 Char. 16: 0.545 -0.558 → 0.646 Char. 5: 0.072 -0.104 → 0.051 Char. 17: 0.396 -0.401 → 0.356 Char. 12: 1.020 -1.060 → 1.160 Otsheria netzvetajevi Char. 92: 0 → 1 Char. 16: 0.545 -0.558 → 0.500 Char. 1: 5.364 → 5.425 Char. 119: 0 → 1 Char. 17: 0.299 -0.329 → 0.292 Char. 2: 0.205 -0.228 → 0.231 Char. 121: 0 → 1 Char. 18: 0.149 -0.200 → 0.274 Char. 4: 0.407 → 0.512 Char. 153: 0 → 1 Char. 22: 0.257 -0.342 → 0.343 Char. 5: 0.102 -0.105 → 0.108 Char. 168: 0 → 1 Char. 64: 0 → 1 Char. 7: 0.198 → 0.181 Char. 73: 1 → 0 Char. 10: 10.905 → 10.950 Galepus jouberti Char. 155: 0 → 1 Char. 11: 15.400 → 15.500 Char. 3: 0.914 → 0.855 Char. 185: 0 → 1 Char. 12: 0.902 → 0.860 Char. 170: 0 → 1
Char. 33: 1 → 0 Gorgonops torvus Char. 101: 12 → 0 Galechirus scholtzi Char. 0: 0.509 -0.547 → 0.504 Char. 15: 0.968 → 0.700 Char. 2: 0.261 -0.263 → 0.290 Ulemica Char. 3: 0.842 → 1.150 Char. 0: 0.381 → 0.470 Eodicynodon oelofseni Char. 8: 5.800 -6.200 → 8.500 Char. 2: 0.205 -0.228 → 0.125 Char. 0: 0.339 → 0.351 Char. 12: 1.020 -1.060 → 0.977 Char. 7: 0.198 → 0.216 Char. 3: 0.914 → 0.968 Char. 62: 0 → 1 Char. 8: 5.000 -5.300 → 4.900 Char. 87: 1 → 0 Char. 77: 0 → 2 Char. 12: 0.902 → 1.098 Char. 158: 0 → 1 Char. 44: 1 → 0 Eodicynodon oosthuizeni Char. 183: 0 → 1 Char. 61: 0 → 1 Char. 2: 0.195 -0.228 → 0.234 Char. 186: 0 → 1 Char. 124: 0 → 1 Char. 6: 2.470 → 2.501 Char. 187: 0 → 1 Suminia getmanovi Char. 8: 6.600 -8.100 → 8.200 Char. 188: 0 → 1 Char. 0: 0.339 -0.381 → 0.336 Char. 11: 10.600 -11.200 → 9.000
Char. 1: 5.325 -5.364 → 4.879 Char. 14: 0.708 -0.723 → 0.698 Lycosuchus vanderrieti Char. 4: 0.272 -0.305 → 0.230 Char. 15: 0.968 → 1.061 Char. 5: 0.218 → 0.303 Char. 14: 0.920 -0.956 → 0.899 Char. 16: 0.487 -0.558 → 0.446 Char. 8: 5.800 -6.200 → 7.700 Char. 47: 1 → 2 Char. 17: 0.437 -0.486 → 0.509 Char. 16: 0.545 → 0.500 Char. 57: 0 → 1 Char. 19: 0.301 -0.553 → 0.300 Char. 17: 0.309 -0.329 → 0.333 Char. 80: 01 → 2 Char. 22: 0.315 -0.366 → 0.475 Char. 18: 0.200 → 0.294 Char. 103: 0 → 2 Char. 127: 1 → 0 Char. 22: 0.342 → 0.400 Char. 140: 1 → 2 Char. 177: 0 → 1 Char. 46: 0 → 1 Char. 162: 1 → 2 Char. 193: 0 → 1 Char. 57: 0 → 2 Char. 119: 0 → 1 Colobodectes cluveri Robertia broomiana Brachyprosopus broomi Char. 0: 0.231 -0.237 → 0.203 Char. 3: 0.795 → 0.721 Char. 5: 0.222 -0.257 → 0.338 Char. 5: 0.222 -0.257 → 0.269 Char. 4: 0.541 → 0.555 Char. 7: 0.123 -0.126 → 0.129 Char. 7: 0.140 → 0.142 Char. 5: 0.257 → 0.259 Char. 8: 8.100 -8.400 → 6.800 Char. 9: 0.182 -0.199 → 0.206 Char. 6: 1.751 -2.013 → 1.681 Char. 12: 0.850 -0.871 → 0.898 Char. 12: 0.850 -0.871 → 0.948 Char. 7: 0.123 -0.126 → 0.108 Char. 13: 0.208 -0.257 → 0.132 Char. 63: 0 → 1 Char. 8: 8.100 → 8.600 Char. 14: 0.723 → 0.715 Char. 73: 1 → 0 Char. 11: 10.600 -11.200 → 9.800 Char. 15: 0.924 -0.928 → 0.824 Char. 96: 0 → 1 Char. 13: 0.253 -0.257 → 0.132 Char. 16: 0.554 -0.594 → 0.612
Char. 14: 0.723 -0.742 → 0.711 Char. 25: 0 → 1 Lanthanostegus mohoii Char. 15: 0.901 -0.904 → 0.868 Char. 34: 0 → 1 Char. 3: 0.795 -0.908 → 0.661 Char. 17: 0.466 -0.486 → 0.502 Char. 46: 0 → 1 Char. 65: 0 → 1 Char. 18: 0.260 → 0.227 Char. 77: 1 → 2 Char. 77: 1 → 2 Char. 22: 0.315 -0.366 → 0.309 Char. 93: 1 → 0 Char. 85: 2 → 0 Char. 116: 0 → 1 Char. 111: 0 → 1 Prosictodon dubei
Char. 1: 5.810 -5.863 → 5.807 Endothiodon tolani Eosimops newtoni Char. 2: 0.195 -0.197 → 0.171 Char. 5: 0.126 -0.257 → 0.025 Char. 0: 0.231 -0.237 → 0.186 Char. 4: 0.534 -0.541 → 0.548 Char. 7: 0.111 → 0.109 Char. 1: 5.863 → 5.890 Char. 6: 1.751 -2.013 → 2.469 Char. 8: 8.400 -9.400 → 10.600 Char. 2: 0.197 → 0.243 Char. 7: 0.123 -0.126 → 0.098 Char. 14: 0.798 → 0.723 Char. 9: 0.182 -0.199 → 0.172 Char. 9: 0.182 -0.199 → 0.131 Char. 94: 0 → 1 Char. 10: 9.417 → 9.402 Char. 10: 9.418 -9.687 → 9.780 Char. 11: 10.600 -11.200 → 11.300 Char. 11: 10.600 -11.200 → 9.300 Endothiodon bathystoma Char. 12: 0.850 → 0.831 Char. 14: 0.742 → 0.834 Char. 0: 0.328 → 0.335 Char. 13: 0.253 -0.257 → 0.402 Char. 15: 0.901 → 0.637 Char. 3: 0.396 → 0.268 Char. 14: 0.723 -0.742 → 0.803 Char. 5: 0.126 -0.257 → 0.400 Char. 16: 0.487 -0.558 → 0.633 Abajudon kaayai Char. 6: 1.505 → 1.457 Char. 22: 0.315 -0.366 → 0.444 Char. 1: 5.396 → 5.215 Char. 8: 8.400 -9.400 → 8.100 Char. 65: 0 → 1 Char. 3: 0.867 -0.906 → 1.030 Char. 12: 0.902 -0.907 → 0.988 Char. 114: 2 → 3 Char. 4: 0.515 -0.541 → 0.412 Char. 13: 0.319 → 0.373 Char. 122: 1 → 0 Char. 6: 1.548 -1.565 → 2.844 Char. 15: 0.825 → 0.730 Char. 143: 2 → 4 Char. 7: 0.118 -0.126 → 0.146 Char. 38: 1 → 0 Char. 146: 1 → 0 Char. 14: 0.798 -0.859 → 0.898 Char. 44: 2 → 1 Char. 177: 0 → 1 Char. 15: 0.924 -0.938 → 1.016 Char. 60: 0 → 1
Char. 29: 1 → 0 Char. 66: 0 → 1 Diictodon feliceps Char. 70: 1 → 0 Char. 68: 0 → 1 Char. 0: 0.238 → 0.247 Char. 104: 1 → 0 Char. 110: 1 → 0 Char. 1: 5.810 -5.863 → 5.925 Char. 117: 0 → 1 Char. 2: 0.195 -0.197 → 0.223 Char. 122: 1 → 0 Pristerodon mackayi Char. 3: 0.795 -0.864 → 0.640 Char. 146: 1 → 0 Char. 0: 0.231 -0.237 → 0.225 Char. 5: 0.228 -0.257 → 0.273 Char. 150: 0 → 1 Char. 1: 5.810 -5.863 → 5.874 Char. 6: 1.751 -2.013 → 1.702 Char. 2: 0.190 -0.197 → 0.184 Char. 7: 0.123 -0.126 → 0.135 Niassodon mfumukasi Char. 3: 0.867 -0.998 → 1.026 Char. 8: 8.100 → 8.000 Char. 12: 0.850 -0.871 → 0.697 Char. 4: 0.520 -0.541 → 0.582 Char. 9: 0.182 -0.199 → 0.214 Char. 19: 0.301 → 0.214 Char. 8: 8.100 -8.400 → 10.000 Char. 11: 10.600 -11.200 → 11.900 Char. 44: 2 → 1 Char. 9: 0.182 -0.199 → 0.206 Char. 45: 1 → 2 Char. 54: 0 → 1 Char. 12: 0.850 -0.871 → 0.813 Char. 94: 0 → 1 Char. 67: 1 → 2 Char. 17: 0.437 -0.486 → 0.430 Char. 95: 0 → 1 Char. 68: 0 → 1 Char. 19: 0.301 -0.454 → 0.275 Char. 96: 0 → 1 Char. 69: 1 → 2 Char. 22: 0.315 -0.366 → 0.275 Char. 124: 1 → 2 Char. 73: 1 → 2 Char. 79: 0 → 1 Char. 139: 1 → 2 Char. 81: 1 → 0 Char. 167: 0 → 1
Char. 102: 0 → 1
Char. 111: 0 → 1
Char. 164: 2 → 1 Emydops Rastodon procurvidens Kembawacela kitchingi Char. 1: 5.874 → 5.872 Char. 0: 0.231 -0.279 → 0.197 Char. 0: 0.308 -0.311 → 0.372 Char. 2: 0.207 → 0.204 Char. 2: 0.207 -0.232 → 0.199 Char. 3: 1.319 -1.404 → 1.487 Char. 10: 9.740 -9.775 → 9.667 Char. 4: 0.541 -0.544 → 0.558 Char. 6: 1.490 -1.500 → 1.455 Char. 11: 10.600 -11.000 → 9.300 Char. 5: 0.260 -0.281 → 0.298 Char. 12: 0.872 → 0.969 Char. 38: 1 → 0 Char. 8: 8.250 -8.333 → 6.600 Char. 13: 0.380 → 0.415 Char. 81: 1 → 0 Char. 9: 0.121 -0.132 → 0.105 Char. 15: 0.914 -0.964 → 0.990 Char. 128: 1 → 0 Char. 12: 0.850 -0.871 → 0.798 Char. 28: 0 → 2
Char. 13: 0.212 -0.219 → 0.100 Char. 44: 1 → 2 Compsodon helmoedi Char. 14: 0.723 -0.730 → 0.623 Char. 96: 1 → 0 Char. 0: 0.220 → 0.196 Char. 15: 0.766 -0.819 → 0.667 Char. 134: 0 → 1 Char. 3: 0.906 → 1.066 Char. 136: 1 → 2 Char. 159: 1 → 0 Char. 4: 0.473 -0.537 → 0.431 Char. 6: 1.646 → 1.710 Dicynodontoides Cistecephalus microrhinus Char. 7: 0.118 → 0.082 Char. 6: 1.500 -1.565 → 1.492 Char. 1: 5.948 -5.950 → 6.056 Char. 8: 9.800 → 10.300 Char. 7: 0.116 → 0.085 Char. 4: 0.421 -0.483 → 0.509 Char. 9: 0.176 → 0.220 Char. 10: 9.775 → 9.814 Char. 11: 10.600 -11.000 → 10.200 Char. 10: 9.740 -9.775 → 9.858 Char. 12: 0.853 -0.871 → 0.887 Char. 14: 0.726 -0.730 → 0.687 Char. 12: 0.840 → 0.817 Char. 26: 0 → 1 Char. 17: 0.419 → 0.403 Char. 41: 0 → 1 Char. 44: 1 → 2 Char. 22: 0.353 -0.359 → 0.324 Char. 61: 0 → 1 Char. 61: 0 → 1 Char. 67: 1 → 2 Kombuisia frerensis Char. 174: 0 → 1 Char. 68: 0 → 1 Char. 0: 0.269 → 0.193 Char. 70: 1 → 0 Char. 1: 5.950 → 5.976 Sauroscaptor tharavati Char. 71: 0 → 1 Char. 3: 0.764 → 0.400 Char. 12: 0.872 → 0.912 Char. 77: 1 → 3 Char. 4: 0.539 → 0.555 Char. 13: 0.380 → 0.564 Char. 102: 0 → 1 Char. 6: 1.500 -1.565 → 1.589 Char. 15: 0.789 -0.928 → 0.714 Char. 115: 1 → 0 Char. 7: 0.116 → 0.195 Char. 120: 0 → 1 Char. 10: 9.775 → 9.645 Cistecephaloides boonstrai Char. 131: 1 → 0 Char. 12: 0.853 -0.871 → 0.746 Char. 1: 5.948 -5.950 → 6.047
Char. 14: 0.726 → 0.684 Char. 2: 0.330 -0.383 → 0.425 Digalodon rubidgei Char. 48: 1 → 0 Char. 7: 0.135 → 0.194 Char. 0: 0.269 -0.281 → 0.354 Char. 54: 0 → 1 Char. 10: 10.119 -10.173 → 10.305 Char. 1: 5.948 -5.950 → 6.155 Char. 74: 0 → 1 Char. 11: 10.600 -11.650 → 12.500 Char. 7: 0.118 -0.123 → 0.134 Char. 131: 1 → 0 Char. 12: 0.836 → 0.632 Char. 24: 0 → 2 Char. 146: 0 → 1 Char. 62: 0 → 1 Char. 48: 1 → 0 Char. 150: 1 → 0 Char. 88: 1 → 0 Char. 77: 1 → 3 Char. 160: 1 → 0 Char. 127: 0 → 1 Char. 79: 0 → 1
Myosaurus gracilis Kawingasaurus fossilis Thliptosaurus imperforatus Char. 0: 0.269 -0.279 → 0.260 Char. 1: 5.948 -5.950 → 5.933 Char. 2: 0.202 -0.240 → 0.198 Char. 1: 5.948 -5.950 → 5.902 Char. 4: 0.357 -0.372 → 0.340 Char. 4: 0.473 -0.483 → 0.407 Char. 6: 1.500 -1.565 → 1.590 Char. 11: 10.600 -11.650 → 10.000 Char. 15: 0.924 → 0.667 Char. 7: 0.116 → 0.085 Char. 13: 0.346 → 0.286 Char. 137: 0 → 1 Char. 9: 0.181 → 0.208 Char. 56: 1 → 0
Char. 11: 10.600 -11.000 → 9.600 Char. 57: 0 → 2
Char. 14: 0.726 -0.750 → 0.958 Char. 76: 0 → 1
Char. 15: 0.924 -0.928 → 0.942 Char. 130: 1 → 0
Char. 16: 0.485 -0.554 → 0.586 Char. 137: 1 → 0
Char. 22: 0.353 -0.359 → 0.208 Char. 147: 2 → 0
Char. 25: 1 → 0 Char. 149: 2 → 1
Char. 28: 0 → 1 Char. 150: 1 → 0
Char. 54: 0 → 1
Char. 57: 0 → 2
Char. 98: 1 → 0
Char. 174: 0 → 1
Char. 175: 0 → 1 Daqingshanodon limbus Oudenodon bainii Odontocyclops whaitsi Char. 2: 0.220 -0.232 → 0.260 Char. 0: 0.284 -0.320 → 0.281 Char. 0: 0.289 -0.320 → 0.376 Char. 3: 0.640 -0.892 → 0.619 Char. 2: 0.183 -0.197 → 0.173 Char. 3: 0.844 -0.892 → 0.988 Char. 4: 0.541 -0.544 → 0.442 Char. 4: 0.565 -0.566 → 0.609 Char. 6: 1.458 -1.480 → 1.448 Char. 5: 0.203 → 0.180 Char. 7: 0.094 -0.098 → 0.092 Char. 7: 0.094 -0.098 → 0.092 Char. 7: 0.083 → 0.080 Char. 11: 12.300 → 11.300 Char. 8: 8.250 -8.333 → 10.100 Char. 12: 0.831 → 0.808 Char. 12: 0.875 -0.882 → 0.864 Char. 9: 0.132 -0.141 → 0.131 Char. 63: 0 → 1 Char. 13: 0.212 -0.237 → 0.264 Char. 15: 0.745 -0.752 → 0.731 Char. 77: 1 → 3 Char. 16: 0.531 -0.550 → 0.570 Char. 16: 0.550 → 0.551
Char. 20: 1.033 -1.130 → 0.765 Char. 18: 0.366 → 0.427 Keyseria benjamini Char. 194: 0 → 1 Char. 19: 0.514 → 0.435 Char. 1: 6.112 → 6.155 Char. 21: 0.353 -0.395 → 0.426 Char. 2: 0.220 -0.232 → 0.159 Tropidostoma dubium Char. 60: 0 → 2 Char. 3: 0.640 -0.892 → 1.034 Char. 1: 6.054 -6.058 → 5.989 Char. 68: 0 → 1 Char. 4: 0.541 -0.544 → 0.605 Char. 3: 0.844 → 0.899 Char. 6: 1.528 → 1.600 Char. 8: 8.100 -8.333 → 8.800 Idelesaurus tataricus Char. 11: 10.300 → 9.000 Char. 10: 9.219 -9.740 → 9.106 Char. 0: 0.289 -0.320 → 0.367 Char. 54: 0 → 1 Char. 15: 0.745 -0.752 → 0.766 Char. 1: 6.003 -6.066 → 5.967 Char. 71: 1 → 0 Char. 19: 0.514 → 0.474 Char. 2: 0.220 -0.232 → 0.175 Char. 113: 1 → 0 Char. 20: 1.033 -1.130 → 1.368 Char. 3: 0.844 -0.892 → 1.022
Char. 22: 0.391 → 0.378 Char. 4: 0.534 -0.544 → 0.500 Rhachiocephalus magnus Char. 95: 1 → 0 Char. 5: 0.213 -0.232 → 0.174 Char. 0: 0.320 → 0.329 Char. 96: 1 → 0 Char. 9: 0.132 -0.141 → 0.173 Char. 4: 0.566 → 0.598 Char. 10: 9.740 -9.851 → 10.118 Char. 8: 8.100 -8.333 → 8.800 Australobarbarus Char. 12: 0.910 -0.929 → 0.969 Char. 9: 0.132 -0.141 → 0.143 Char. 0: 0.284 -0.320 → 0.333 Char. 57: 0 → 1 Char. 10: 9.219 -9.740 → 9.170 Char. 3: 0.844 → 0.697 Char. 60: 0 → 1 Char. 11: 12.300 → 12.800 Char. 4: 0.565 → 0.561 Char. 68: 0 → 1 Char. 12: 0.936 → 1.010 Char. 5: 0.277 → 0.298 Char. 96: 1 → 0 Char. 15: 0.752 → 0.777 Char. 6: 1.436 → 1.324 Char. 120: 1 → 0 Char. 79: 1 → 0 Char. 7: 0.098 → 0.101 Char. 131: 1 → 0 Char. 83: 1 → 0 Char. 8: 8.100 -8.333 → 6.100 Char. 150: 2 → 0 Char. 9: 0.140 -0.141 → 0.160 Bulbasaurus phylloxyron Char. 151: 1 → 0 Char. 10: 9.219 -9.740 → 9.822 Char. 0: 0.289 -0.300 → 0.284 Char. 168: 0 → 1 Char. 11: 12.400 → 13.350 Char. 3: 0.844 -0.892 → 0.562
Char. 13: 0.212 -0.237 → 0.193 Char. 5: 0.213 -0.232 → 0.233 Kitchinganomodon crassus Char. 14: 0.758 → 0.624 Char. 6: 1.425 -1.468 → 1.362 Char. 1: 6.094 → 6.137 Char. 15: 0.745 -0.752 → 0.694 Char. 8: 8.250 -8.720 → 10.333 Char. 2: 0.271 → 0.318 Char. 16: 0.531 → 0.466 Char. 9: 0.122 -0.141 → 0.052 Char. 3: 0.738 → 0.708 Char. 17: 0.491 -0.503 → 0.485 Char. 11: 13.500 → 14.780 Char. 5: 0.606 → 0.752 Char. 19: 0.514 → 0.848 Char. 14: 0.693 -0.749 → 0.643 Char. 6: 1.480 → 1.556 Char. 21: 0.345 → 0.333 Char. 53: 1 → 0 Char. 7: 0.094 -0.098 → 0.108 Char. 104: 1 → 0 Char. 59: 1 → 0 Char. 8: 8.100 -8.333 → 7.400 Char. 112: 0 → 1 Char. 9: 0.132 -0.141 → 0.070 Aulacephalodon bainii Char. 10: 9.219 -9.740 → 9.747 Syops vanhoepeni Char. 2: 0.305 → 0.323 Char. 11: 12.300 → 11.100 Char. 3: 0.563 -0.650 → 0.484 Char. 5: 0.213 -0.232 → 0.204 Char. 13: 0.167 → 0.165 Char. 27: 2 → 1 Char. 7: 0.107 -0.112 → 0.117 Char. 14: 0.838 → 0.843 Char. 53: 0 → 1 Char. 8: 8.250 -8.720 → 6.800 Char. 17: 0.491 -0.506 → 0.466 Char. 57: 1 → 0 Char. 13: 0.204 -0.205 → 0.172 Char. 95: 1 → 0 Char. 99: 1 → 2 Char. 144: 1 → 0 Char. 114: 2 → 3 Char. 144: 1 → 0
Char. 154: 1 → 0
Char. 198: 01 → 2
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.