Copestylum enriquei, Montoya & Parada-Marín & Ramos-Pastrana, 2022
publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5091.3.1 |
publication LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:pub:747D0DDF-A440-4C7F-91F4-E5B758D28643 |
DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5851016 |
persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03824077-FFE0-FFCE-FF75-FF654BF555A4 |
treatment provided by |
Plazi |
scientific name |
Copestylum enriquei |
status |
sp. nov. |
Copestylum enriquei View in CoL sp. nov.
( Figs 1–4 View FIGURE 1 View FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 3 View FIGURE 4 )
Copestylum View in CoL SUR-04 in Reemer (2016) Type material. HOLOTYPE. Adult male, pinned, deposited at the LEUA collection. Original label: “ COLOMBIA, Caquetá, Florencia, Vda.[Vereda] Paraíso, Fca.[Finca] Paraíso” / “ 1.746287, -75.627790, 716m [eters], Forest, trampa Malaise dosel” / “ 21.xii.2016 - 04.i.2017, Y. Ramos-Pastrana ”. “ HOLOTYPE / Copestylum enriquei View in CoL sp. nov. / Montoya, Parada-Marín & Ramos-Pastrana 2021 ” [red, handwritten except first line] ( LEUA –00000035890, dissected) GoogleMaps . PARATYPES. SURINAME, Para, Mapane area , 5.466 666, -54.683333, 35 m, 28.v.1963, P.H. van Doesburg Jr., Leg. (RMNH-collection, 1 female); Brokopondo, Brownsberg, 4.933 333, -55.166667, 189m, Nature reserve, mainly with primary forest, 31.viii–14.ix.2001, leg. A. Gangadin, Leg. (RMNH-collection, 1 female). Identified as Copestylum View in CoL SUR-04 by Menno Reemer 2016 .
Length (n= 1). Body, 6.8 mm; Wings, 5.5 mm.
Differential diagnosis. Copestylum enriquei sp. nov. shares the general morphological characters of other known species in the C. vagum group. Copestylum enriquei sp. nov. is a green yellowish fly, similar in appearance to C. vagum , C. musicanum , and C. tenorium , from which it differs by the gena and face separated by a very broad brown vitta; scutum orange except for the wide medial vitta, which is dark and metallic, ending before the prescutellar region, with the apical margin M-shaped; tibiae dark-brown, except yellow on basal 1/4. Epandrium and cercus black, contrasting with the colour of hypandrium and surstylus, which are orange; epandrium with a dorsal extension, in addition to the surstylus L-shaped, with two pairs of rounded ridges in the dorsal edge, similar to small deer antlers in velvet.
Description (holotype). MALE. Head ( Figs 1A, C View FIGURE 1 , and D): Face yellowish-orange without a clear central vitta; gena and face separated by a very broad brown vitta; gena orange, orange pruinose, and pilose; dorsal margin of eyes sloping and yellow pilose; lunule brownish-orange; antenna orange, scape and pedicel orange setulose; arista orange, orange pilose. Thorax ( Figs 1B–D View FIGURE 1 ): Scutum orange except for the wide medial vitta, which is dark and metallic, ending before the prescutellar region, with the apical margin M-shaped ( Fig. 1C View FIGURE 1 ); scutum brown pilose on the median dark area, yellow pilose along lateral margins, with pile not much longer at the rear margin; lateral setae orange: two above wing insertion and two on postalar callus; pleuron extensively yellow; scutellum yellow with pre-apical depression, yellow pilose; marginal setae orange-yellow, with two dark brown setae. Wing ( Figs 1B–E View FIGURE 1 , 2B View FIGURE 2 ): Hyaline except for the brown-yellowish pterostigmal spot, costal cell yellowish, bare; wing microtrichose, except for some extensively bare areas basally and centrally, cell bm extensively bare, cell dm bare on anterior 1/3, cell r only slightly bare on basal 1/3 or less, cell CuP bare on anterior 1/3; alula microtrichose, calypter yellowishwhite, border brownish-orange, fringe brownish-orange; plumula yellow-orange; halter yellow-orange, capitulum white. Legs ( Figs 1A–B, D–E View FIGURE 1 ): coxa and trochanter yellow, metafemur extensively orange; tibia dark-brown, except yellow on basal 1/4, black pilose on these areas; tarsomeres 1 and 2 orange, tarsomeres 3–5 black, black pilose. Abdomen ( Figs 1B, D–E View FIGURE 1 , 2A–B View FIGURE 2 ): Mostly yellow-greenish, orange-yellow pilose, first tergum 1 yellow-greenish; terga 2–4 greenish, brownish infuscated apically; terga 3–4 black pilose on apical margin; S1–4 yellowish-green and extensively yellow pilose; male genitalia elongated, extending over the fourth sternum, with epandrium and cercus black, epandrium in lateral view with a dorsal extension, cercus in lateral view, globular and round-tipped; surstylus in lateral view, L-shaped, with two pairs of rounded ridges in the dorsal edge, similar to small deer antlers in velvet; superior lobe (Apex of hypandrium) orange, hook-shaped, with a kinked apex strongly curved downward ( Figs 2D–H View FIGURE 2 ).
FEMALE ( Figs 3A–D View FIGURE 3 ; Reemer 2016: 100, Fig. 15, dorsal habitus). Similar to male except for usual sexual dimorphism, and differing in vertex with a complete brownish transverse macula, extensively dark brown to blackhaired in this area; sternites 4 and 5 yellow.
Etymology. The epithet ‘enriquei’ is a patronym given in memory of Carlos Enrique Giraldo, the grandfather of the first author, a notable, worthy, and noble person of sweet spirit who was like an oak, a very happy man who taught me (ALM) to enjoy and marvel at the small things of the natural world. For him, this beautiful species that flies high as his unforgettable smile and kind way of being, always ready to provide a space and welcome in his home in Anserma, Caldas, Colombia that was always open to everyone.
Taxonomic remarks. Copestylum enriquei sp. nov. run to C. chapadensis or C. bequaerti in the key of Curran (1930; couplet 9, p. 6), based on the gena and face separated by a very broad brownish vitta. This work covered most species belonging to the C. vagum group. Copestylum enriquei sp. nov. would be identified as C. musicanum in an unpublished draft key by F.C. Thompson (couplet 13), as it has the tibiae much darker than the femora, terminalia large, cercus elongate, hook-like, extending over the fourth sternum. Using the key of Ricarte et al. (2015; couplet 3, p. 52), C. enriquei sp. nov. keys out close to C. araceorum and C. willistoni , based on the terga 3−4 with yellow marks or completely black, however, C. enriquei sp. nov. lacks a median vitta on the face. Copestylum enriquei sp. nov. is also morphologically similar to C. tenorium from which it differs by the diagnostic characters listed in Table 1 View TABLE 1 (See also “Taxonomic notes” under each species in Ricarte et al. 2015 and keys).
Distribution. The male holotype was collected between 21 December 2016 and 04 February 2017 in a canopy Malaise trap (Rafael & Gorayeb 1982) in a pristine rainforest patch of a conflict territory of limited access and political unrest in Caquetá, Colombia ( Fig. 4A View FIGURE 4 ). The type locality is located at the eastern slope of the Colombian Oriental Cordillera at an altitude of 716 meters above sea level (m a.s.l). Two additional female specimens (paratypes) were collected in two sampling events on 28 May 1963 and between 31 August and 14 September 2001 in a nature reserve and primary forest in Northeastern Suriname (Para and Brokopondo) between 35 and 189 m a.s.l. ( Fig. 4B View FIGURE 4 ). Copestylum enriquei sp. nov. is probably endemic to the Amazonian rainforest of Colombia and Suriname on the Guyana shield.
Biology. Copestylum enriquei sp. nov. is only known from pristine patches in the lowlands of the Amazonian rainforest of Colombia and Suriname ( Fig. 4B View FIGURE 4 ). The specimens were collected using a canopy Malaise trap and sweeping net, which could suggest that the species is associated with both canopy and ground levels in conserved forest.
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.
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Copestylum enriquei
Montoya, Augusto León, Parada-Marín, Henry Mauricio & Ramos-Pastrana, Yardany 2022 |
Copestylum enriquei
Montoya & Parada-Marín & Ramos-Pastrana 2022 |
Copestylum
Macquart 1846 |
Copestylum
Macquart 1846 |