Thalictrum atriplex Finet & Gagnepain (1903: 305)

Zeng, You-Pai, Yuan, Qiong & Yang, Qin-Er, 2022, Thalictrum spiristylum (Ranunculaceae), described from northwestern Yunnan, China, is merged with T. atriplex, Phytotaxa 538 (1), pp. 1-20 : 6-19

Thalictrum atriplex Finet & Gagnepain (1903: 305) . Figs. 1‒8.

Type:— CHINA. Sichuan: Tongolo (= Dongeluo ), près Ta-tsien-lou (now Kangding county ), 5 August 1893, J.A. Soulié 391 (lectotype P00145766!, designated here; isolectotypes K000694194!, P00145767!, P00145768!, P00145769!). Figs. 4, 5 .

= T. spiristylum Wang (2017: 682) , syn. nov.

Type:— CHINA. Yunnan: Ninglang county, Cuiyu town , Shuicaoba village , on slopes in ravine, alt. 3100 m, 10 July 1981, Y.F. Han et al. 81-1070 (holotype PE00477951!; isotypes PE00477950!, PE00477952!). Fig. 1 .

Description:—Perennial herbs, glabrous throughout. Roots fibrous. Stem 40–120 cm tall, striate, distally branched, glabrous. Leaves 2–4-ternate; leaf blade pentagonal, 7–30 cm long, 7–30 cm broad; leaflets ovate, obovate, obliquely ovate or broadly ovate, 0.8–4 cm long, 0.8–4 cm broad, base cuneate, rounded or subcordate, apex obtuse or acute, 3-lobate; lobes entire or 2‒4-dentate or 2‒4-crenate, obtuse or acute; nerves obscure adaxially, prominent abaxially; petioles 0.5–5 cm long, with stipules at base; stipules obliquely oblong, membranous, margin torn. Inflorescence a panicle, leafy, raceme-like; branches narrow. Pedicels 1‒3 (5) mm long. Flowers bisexual, erect. Sepals elliptic, narrowly oblong or narrowly obovate, 2‒2.5 mm long, 1.3‒1.8 mm broad, margin membranous, 1-nerved, greenish or greenish white. Stamens 5‒16, 2.5‒4 mm long; filaments 2‒3.5 mm long, filiform, apex slightly dilatate, greenish or greenish white; anthers 0.5‒1 mm long, ovate or elliptic, apex mucronate, pale yellow. Carpels 4–8, subsessile; ovaries obliquely compressed-ovoid; styles ca. 1.5 mm long, apex dorsally uncinate or circinate; stigmas inconspicuous. Achenes 3.5‒5 mm long, subsessile; body obliquely compressed-ovoid, inconspicuously ribbed when dry; style persistent, dorsally uncinate or circinate at apex.

Phenology:—Flowering from June to August; fruiting from July to September.

Distribution and habitat:— Thalictrum atriplex is widely distributed in southwestern Qinghai, western Sichuan, northwestern Yunnan, and southeastern Xizang, China (Fig. 13). It grows in bushes or sparse forests, along forest margins or on grassy slopes at elevations of 2500‒4270 m above sea level.

Typification:—In the protologue of Thalictrum atriplex, Finet & Gagnepain (1903) cited a single collection, i.e. J.A. Soulié 391. We have been able to trace five sheets of this collection, with one at K (barcode K000694194) and another four at P (barcodes P00145766, P00145767, P00145768, P00145769). These sheets are all well preserved and match the original description, and thus are syntypes, as the author did not specify which one was used to prepare the original description. In conformity with ICN Art. 9.10 and Art. 9.11 ( Turland et al. 2018) and as discussed by McNeill (2014), a lectotypification is proposed for T. atriplex . In the above, the P sheet (barcode P00145766) that bears a dissection drawing has been designated as the lectotype, and the other four sheets cited as isolectotypes.

Additional specimens examined:— CHINA. Qinghai: Yushu, T.N. Ho et al. 2594 (BM, barcode unavailable, E00064269, HNWP, herb. no. 0287328, PE00447985). Sichuan: Baiyu, D.E. Boufford et al. 36969 (PE01459307); Barkam, C.Y. Chang & H.F. Chow 22644 (KUN0690567, NAS00186888, PE00447961, SZ00091928), C.Y. Chang & H.F. Chow 22837 (KUN0690576, NAS00186890, PE00447959, SZ00091927, WUK, herb. no. 252334), C.Y. Chang & H.F. Chow 22987 (KUN0690529, NAS00186887, PE00447962, SZ00091945, WUK, herb. no. 242216), L. Xie 200109020 (PE01569323), L. Xie 200109021 (PE01569324), L. Xie 200209008 (PE01569384); Batang, K.Y. Lang, L.Q. Li & Y. Fei 2307 (PE01108726, PE01108727), K.Y. Lang, L.Q. Li & Y. Fei 2328 (KUN0691916, PE01108735, PE01108734); Daocheng, Anonymous 515 (SM704604444), D.E. Boufford et al. 28108 (E00293940, PE01578928), Sichuan Econ. Plant Exped. 171 (CDBI0025918, CDBI0025920, CDBI0025921), Sichuan Econ. Plant Exped. 198 (CDBI0025932), Sichuan Veg. Exped. 2060 (CDBI0025923, CDBI0025924, KUN0689148, PE00427859); Dawu, Anonymous 140 (SM704604437), Anonymous 141 (SM704604438), Anonymous 5558 (CDBI0025926, CDBI0025930, CDBI0025931, PE00447942), D.E. Boufford et al. 27697 (E00320420, PE01458750), K.L. Chu 7337 (NAS00186891, NAS00186892, NAS00186894), P.C. Kuo & W.Y. Wang 20923 (HNWP, herb. no. 65655, KUN0692064, NAS, herb. no. 504538, WUK, herb. no. 344291), Sichuan Med. Res. Exped. 15327 (CDBI0025912, NAS00186889), Z.P. Wang et al. 931 (KUN0690578, WUK, herb. nos. 315057, 316613), T.S. Ying et al. 4646 (PE00447967, SZ00091939, SZ00091940, SZ00091941); Dege, Y.W. Tsui 5063 (PE00447957); Jinchuan, No. 8 Forest Manag. Exped. 2336 (PE00447966); Jiulong, D.E. Boufford et al. 33109 (KUN0769895, KUN0769896, PE01459309), D.E. Boufford et al. 33271 (KUN0770335, KUN0770336, PE01459308), T.T. Yu 6787 (KUN0689149, KUN0689150), Y.P. Zeng & Q.L. Huang 384 (IBSC, barcode unavailable); Kangding, Anonymous 4823 (CDBI0025914, CDBI0025915, CDBI0025933, PE00447949), X.J. He & Q.S. Zhao 180308 (SZ, herb. no. 512295), X.J. He & Q.S. Zhao 183754 (SZ, herb. no. 594447), S. Jiang et al. 2060 (KUN0689155, PE00447955, SZ00091942), K.C. Kuan & W.T. Wang 656 (PE00447948, PE00447954, PE00447965, PE00447968, PE01040678), C.R. Lancaste 941A (PE00447946), K.Y. Lang, L.Q. Li & Y. Fei 700 (PE01108728, PE01108741), K.Y. Lang, L.Q. Li & Y. Fei 1076 (KUN0689159, PE01108738, PE01108739), Y.L. Peng et al. Gaoxf0511 (CDBI0207060), J.A. Soulié 2365 (P00145762), J.A. Soulié 3365 (P00145764, P00145765), Y.W. Tsui 4194 (PE00447958), Y.P. Zeng & Q.L. Huang 365 (IBSC, barcode unavailable), Y.P. Zeng & Q.L. Huang 370 (IBSC, barcode unavailable), Y.P. Zeng & Q.L. Huang 374 (IBSC, barcode unavailable), Z.J. Zhao et al. 114956 (CDBI0026464, SZ00091929), Y.C. Zhu 29645 (CDBI0025904); Lixian, W.K. Hu & D.Z. Deng 1893 (SZ00091926); Muli, C.Y. Wu et al. 152 (KUN0689889), S.K. Wu 2607 (KUN0689151), Q.S. Zhao 6276 (CDBI0025910, SZ00091935), Q.S. Zhao et al. 6745 (CDBI0025929, SZ00091931), Q.S. Zhao et al. 7840 (CDBI0025936, SZ00091936); Xiangcheng, Anonymous 989 (CDBI0025919), Anonymous 4361 (CDBI0025934), D.E. Boufford et al. 30691 (KUN0769874, PE01459304), Qinghai-Xizang Exped. 4704 (CDBI0025937, HITBC, herb. no. 003442, KUN0689156, PE01108742), Xiangcheng Exped. 344 (SM704604439); Xinlong, Y.P. Zeng & Q.L. Huang 400 (IBSC, barcode unavailable); Yajiang, D.E. Boufford et al. 35843 (KUN0770303, PE01459306), C.L. Wu 40983 (NAS, herb. no. 492149), Yajiang Exped. 124 (SM704604441); Zamtang, L. Wang, X.Q. Guo & Y.P. Zeng 3570 (IBSC, barcode unavailable), Y.H. Wu 31-004 (HNWP, herb. no. 0205545), Y.H. Wu 31-023 (HNWP, herb. no. 0205558). Xizang (Tibet): Bomi, Anonymous 1063 (PE00558464), Y. Fei et al. 129 (KUN0689141), Y. Fei et al. 278 (KUN0689143), Inst. Bio. Xizang Exped. 637 (HNWP, herb. no. 37753), L. Wang, X.Q. Guo & Y.P. Zeng 3316 (IBSC, barcode unavailable); Chagyab, Qinghai-Tibetan Sci. Exped. 12282 (HNWP, herb. no. 62155, KUN0690780, PE00427873); Cona, C.Y. Wu et al. 75-1100 (HNWP, herb. no. 54108, KUN0689163, PE00470001); Gongbo’gyamda, Y.T. Chang & K.Y. Lang 1374 (PE00447990), Y.T. Chang & K.Y. Lang 2754 (PE00447989), P.C. Kuo & W.Y. Wang 21981 (HNWP, herb. no. 66731), F. Ludlow, G. Sherriff & H.H. Elliot 14131 (BM, barcode unavailable), Qinghai-Xizang Exped. 74-3704 (KUN0689138, PE00447996); Gyirong, PE-Xizang Exped. 4153 (PE, herb. no. 2446929); Jomda, Inst. Bio. Xizang Exped. 2202 (HNWP, herb. no. 38489), Qinghai-Xizang Sci. Exped. 12415 (HNWP, herb. no. 61331, KUN0689160, PE00427870), L. Wang, X.Q. Guo & Y.P. Zeng 3431 (IBSC, barcode unavailable); Lhunze, Qinghai-Xizang Exped. Suppl. Group 750421 (HNWP, herb. no. 96821, KUN0689162, PE00447999); Mainling, F. Ludlow, G. Sherriff & G. Taylor 5680 (BM, barcode unavailable), Z.C. Ni et al. 2870 (PE00447986), Qinghai-Xizang Exped. Suppl. Group 750911 (HNWP, herb. no. 51537, KUN0689140, PE00447997), Xizang Trad. Med. Exped. 3806 (HNWP, herb. no. 32862, PE00447994); Markam, W.Q. Fei 22 (IBSC, barcode unavailable); Nangxian, S. Bowes Lyon 11024 (E00080172), F. Ludlow & G. Sherriff 2690 (BM, barcode unavailable), L. Wang, X.Q. Guo & Y.P. Zeng 3209 (IBSC, barcode unavailable); Nyingchi, J. Luo & S.L. Wang Luojian-XZ-09261 (HNWP, herb. no. 0288254, PE01898340), Z.C. Ni et al. 1771 (PE00447988, XZ0001682), Xizang Inst. Bio. Plant Res. Exped. 3453 (XZ0001679); Precise locality unknown, S.X. Jia 341 (PE00447947, PE00447950), P.C. Tsoong 5521 (PE00447945); Qamdo, L. Wang, X.Q. Guo & Y.P. Zeng 3407 (IBSC, barcode unavailable), C.Y. Wu 4694 (KUN0689145); Zayu, R.F. Huang 556 (HNWP, herb. no. 85417), X.H. Jin et al. DLJ-ET 1989 (PE02006357), C.W. Wang 65517 (IBSC0090116, KUN0689153, NAS00186897, PE00447964, WUK, herb. no. 35700), C.W. Wang 65599 (IBSC0090115), Y.P. Zeng & Q.L. Huang 550 (IBSC, barcode unavailable); Zhanang, PE-Xizang Exped. 5263 (PE, herb. no. 2553942). Yunnan: Deqen, D.M. Anderson et al. 170 (KUN1280720), J.W. Gregory & C.J. Gregory s.n. (BM, barcode unavailable), Hengduan Exped. Veg. Group 4648 (PE01108732), IBCAS Hengduan Exped. 3459 (PE01108745), Qinghai-Xizang Exped. 2318 (CDBI0025938, HITBC, herb. no. 003451, KUN0689136, PE01108743), H. Sun & Z.G. Qian 709 (KUN0689173), L. Xie DQ 1 (PE00471477), L. Xie DQ 2 (PE00471475), L. Xie & J.F. Mao 114 (PE01569442), L. Xie & J.F. Mao 115 (PE01569441), L. Xie & J.F. Mao 148 (PE01569439), J.S. Yang 8531 (KUN0689178), J.S. Yang 8541 (KUN0690328), J.S. Yang 8686 (KUN0689177), T.T. Yu 9515 (KUN0689130, PE00447983), T.T. Yu 10185 (BM, barcode unavailable, KUN0689132, PE00447972), T.T. Yu 10511 (BM, barcode unavailable, KUN0690768, PE00447982), T.T. Yu 10568 (BM, barcode unavailable, KUN0689133, PE00447973), Y.P. Zeng & Y.F. Luo 525 (IBSC, barcode unavailable); Gongshan, T.T. Yu 6787 (PE00447974); Lijiang, Anonymous 38 (IBSC0090788, KUN0689183), Anonymous 4104 (KUN1265294), K.M. Feng 21352 (KUN0689170, NAS, barcode unavailable, PE00447977, SZ00091943), K.M. Feng 22486 (HNWP, herb. no. 46167, KUN0689181, PE00447980), C. Schneider 2023 (K, barcode unavailable), C.W. Wang 70849 (KUN0690795, NAS00186896, PE00447978, WUK, herb. no. 66448); Shangri-la, Anonymous 63-3336 (KUN0689186), K.M. Feng 1723 (KUN0689167), K.M. Feng 23452 (KUN0689180, PE00447979), H.H. Kong & L. Li YQE3023 (IBSC, barcode unavailable), C.Y. Wu 4278 (KUN0689174), L. Xie ZD 9 (PE00471478), L. Xie & J.F. Mao 71 (PE01569398), L. Xie & J.F. Mao 72 (PE01569438), L. Xie & J.F. Mao 73 (PE01569437), L. Xie & J.F. Mao 91 (PE01569479), L. Xie & J.F. Mao 97 (PE01569435), J.S. Yang 7649 (KUN0690891), J.S. Yang 8002 (KUN0689179), J.S. Yang 84-551 (KUN1265273), Q.E. Yang & H.Z. Kong 98-255 (PE00471474), Q.E. Yang & Q. Yuan 1821 (PE 02032593), T.T. Yu 12346 (KUN0689131, PE00447971), Y.P. Zeng & Y.F. Luo 503 (IBSC, barcode unavailable), Zhongdian Exped. 683 (KUN0689189); Weixi, C.W. Wang 63686 (PE00447981), Q.E. Yang & Q. Yuan 2052 (PE, herb. no. 2430710).

Notes:— The specimen J.A. Soulié s.n. (MPU023569), although collected from Kangding in western Sichuan, the type locality of Thalictrum atriplex , does not belong to original material of this species. In the protologue of T. atriplex, Finet & Gagnepain (1903) did not refer to this specimen, citing only J.A. Soulié 391. It was wrongly annotated as an isosyntype of T. atriplex on the determination slip. It actually belongs to a new species which we will describe elsewhere.

Of the collections cited under Thalictrum atriplex by Wang (2018), the collection information of some were wrongly given and some were probably misidentified. The collection Z.M. Zhang & H.F. Chow 22837 from Barkam in western Sichuan should be corrected as C.Y. Chang & H.F. Chow 22837. The collection Hengduan Exped. Veg. Group 8648 from Deqen in northwestern Yunnan should be corrected as Hengduan Exped. Veg. Group 4648. The collections T.S. Ying & D.Y. Hong 650211 from Bomi in southeastern Xizang, Y.W. Tsui 4248 from Garze and C.S. Liu 695, H.L. Tsiang 36027 and K.C. Kuan & W.T. Wang 69 all from Kangding in western Sichuan (four sheets shown in Figure 14) should not belong to T. atriplex because the leaflets are smaller (0.5–1.5 cm long and broad vs. 0.8–4 cm long and broad) (Figs. 2G, 7F, 8F, 14) and the pedicles are longer, over 5 mm long (vs. 1‒3 (5) mm long) (Figs. 2N, 3B, 7L, 8M, 14B, D). In general appearance they resemble T. uncatum but differ by having 6‒14-denticulate (vs. 3-lobate) leaflets (Figs. 11C, D, 12C, D, 14), shorter styles ca. 1 mm (vs. ca. 2 mm) long (Figs. 11I, 12H, 14A, C), and achenes subsessile, obliquely compressed-ovoid (vs. shortly stipitate with the stipes 1‒2 mm long, compressed-lunate) (Figs. 11K, 12J, 14B, D). Further studies are needed to determine the identity of these collections.