Siobla ferox (Smith, 1874)

Shinohara, Akihiko, Wei, Meicai & Niu, Gengyun, 2013, Revision of Siobla (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae) from Japan, Zootaxa 3746 (1), pp. 1-40 : 5-12

Siobla ferox (Smith, 1874)

( Figs 1 c–d, 3e–i, 5c–d, 6b, 7b, 8b, k, 10b, f)

Macrophya ferox Smith, 1874: 379 .

Siobla ferox: Nakagawa, 1899: 204 ; Takeuchi, 1919a: 184; Takeuchi, 1919b: 12; Yano, 1932: 438 (in part); Malaise, 1934: 24; Esaki et al., 1939: 337 (in part); Takeuchi, 1940: 479; Takeuchi, 1950: 1348; Takeuchi, 1952: 18 (in part); Okutani, 1954: 78; Takeuchi, 1955: 120, plate 54, 810; Kim, 1963: 288; Togashi, 1965: 246 (in part); Okutani, 1965: 162, 471; Kim, 1970: 200, 728; Okutani, 1974a: 54;?Naito, 1982: 574; Abe and Togashi, 1989: 555 (in part); Kim et al., 1994: 222; Katayama, 2000: 13; Lee et al., 2000: 117; Katayama, 2004: 95; Naito et al., 2004: 56, fig. 105 (in part); Yoshida, 2006: 91 (in part); Togashi, 2008: 490 (in part); Lee et al., 2010: 165; Taeger et al., 2010: 583; Niu & Wei, 2010: 49; Lelej, 2012: 100.

Siobla grandis Matsumura, 1912: 50 ; Takeuchi, 1919a: 184 (as a synonym of S. ferox ); Takeuchi, 1919b: 12 (as a synonym of S. ferox ); Doi, 1938: 33.

Siobla ferox var. hirasana: Takeuchi, 1937: 57 .

Distribution. Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Tsushima), Korea, China.

Primary types examined. Lectotype of Macrophya ferox hereby designated ( Fig. 3 e–g): ♂, “ Type H. T.” “B. M. TYPE HYM. 1.245” “ Macrophya ferox , Type, Smith” “47 22” “Kb. t. 9/20.” “BMNH(E) #651764” (BMNH). Lectotype of Siobla grandis hereby designated ( Fig. 3 h–i): ♀, “ 9/VI./1900, Sapporo”, “26”, “ Siobla grandis Mats. , ♀ Type ” (HU).

Other material examined (see Appendix). 484 specimens (137♀ and 347♂).

Variation: The length varies from 12.0 to 16.0 mm in the female and 10.0 to 14.5 mm in the male. In the female, the head capsule is usually largely marked with reddish brown but sometimes it is all black except for the clypeus and malar space. The antenna is always entirely pale brown and the mesoscutum sometimes has large obscure brownish markings. In the male, the anterior margin of the clypeus is usually narrowly creamy white but sometimes the entire clypeus is black. The antenna is pale brown, with blackish areas of variable extent on the scape, pedicel and apical flagellomeres. The palest specimens have an entirely pale brown antenna, whereas the darkest specimens have the scape and four or five apical antennomeres mostly black and the ventral surface of the other antennomeres marked with black. The ranges of some ratio variations are given in the key.

Remarks. This is a member of the S. ferox group defined by Niu & Wei (2010). From the other species of Siobla occurring in Japan, S. ferox is distinguished by a combination of the entirely pale brown antenna of the female, the yellow, strongly convex mesoscutellum, the pale yellow mesoscutellar appendage, and the largely reddish brown abdominal tergum 1.

Previous studies on Japanese Siobla treated S. ferox as a very variable species. We here recognize four species ( S. ferox , S. hirasana , S. pulchra and S. takeuchii ), which can be separated by the characters given in the key. In addition to the works cited in the list of synonymy above, Togashi (1961, 1970a, 1983, 1997b, 1998b), Okutani (1972, 1974b), Otsuka (1984), Nambu (1992, 1998), and Katayama et al. (2007) referred to “ S. ferox ”. Identity of the species they treated should be confirmed by examining the original material actually used in these works.

Takeuchi (1949), Okutani (1954, 1959, 1967) and Nakamura (1962) reported on the host plants of “ S. ferox ” and Okutani (1959) gave a description of the larva. However, we were not able to examine any reared adult specimens and thus we cannot confirm which species they actually studied.

Smith (1874) did not designate types and did not give the number of specimens he examined when he described Macrophya ferox , whereas Kirby (1882) mentioned that the species was “Described from one male example (not a female, as stated by Smith)” and listed one male as “ Type.” We designate this male specimen as lectotype of M. ferox Smith, 1874 . Matsumura (1912), in the original description of his Siobla grandis , did not designate types and did not give the number of specimens he had. A female specimen ( Fig. 4b ) which agrees well with the original description and bears a red label “ Siobla grandis Mats. , ♀ Type ” ( Fig. 4a ). is here designated as lectotype.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Siobla species, dorsal view. a. S. apicalis, ♀, Masutomi; b. S. apicalis, ♂, Amagi-toge; c. S. ferox, ♀, Mt. Kunimiyama; d. S. ferox, ♂, Mt. Kunimi-yama; e. S. hirasana, ♀, Ura-Myogi; f. S. hirasana, ♂, Hikagezawa; g. S. japonica, holotype, ♀; h. S. japonica, paratype, ♂, Marunuma. Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURE 3. a – d. Siobla species, dorsal view. a. S. sturmii, ♀, Sounkyo; b. S. sturmii, ♂, Asahidake-onsen; c. S. takeuchii sp. nov., holotype, ♀; d. S. takeuchii sp. nov., paratype, ♂, Mt. Kenashiyama. Scale bar = 1 mm. e – g. Lectotype of S. ferox. e. Labels; f. Dorsal view; g. Lateral view. h – i. S. ferox (Lectotype of S. grandis). h. Labels; i. Dorsal view.

FIGURE 4. a – c. Holotype of S. ferox var. hirasana. a. Labels; b. Dorsal view; c. Lateral view. d – f. Lectotype of S. jucunda. d. Labels; e. Dorsal view; f. Lateral view. g – i. Holotype of S. metallica. g. Labels; h. Dorsal view; i. Lateral view. j – l. S. sturmii (Lectotype of Macrophya pacifica). h. Labels; i. Dorsal view; j. Lateral view.