Canis lupus Linnaeus, 1758

Fourvel, Jean-Baptiste, Fosse, Philippe, Fernandez, Philippe & Antoine, Pierre-Olivier, 2015, Large mammals of Fouvent-Saint-Andoche (Haute-Saône, France): a glimpse into a Late Pleistocene hyena den, Geodiversitas 37 (2), pp. 237-266 : 242

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.5252/g2015n2a5
publication LSID	urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:0117CBA4-4CE0-4431-B5F6-721F998C72C7
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treatment provided by	Felipe (2021-02-11 15:40:30, last updated by Plazi 2023-11-01 20:32:24)
scientific name	Canis lupus Linnaeus, 1758
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Canis lupus Linnaeus, 1758 View in CoL

MATERIAL EXAMINED. — NISP =37; MNI =12.

1989-1992 sample: 1 left maxillary; 2 left I3; 1 right C; 1 left P4; 1 left M2; 3 right i1; 6 left i1; 1 i1?; 1 right i2; 1 left i2; 1 left i2-3; 1 right c; 1 left c; 1 left p3; 1 right p4; 1 right m1; 1 right m2; 1 left m3; 1 canine?; 1 right ulna; 1 left ulna; 1 left tibia; 1 left metatarsal II; 3 first phalanges; 3 second phalanges.

DESCRIPTION

In Europe, two medium-to-large-sized canids coexist during the Late Pleistocene: wolf Canis lupus and dhole Cuon alpinus Pallas, 1811 . Their association in a same geochronological context suggests their potential identification in palaeontological samples (Perez-Ripoll et al. 2010; Pionnier-Capitan et al. 2011). Thirty seven bone remains recovered from the recent excavations have been related to large canids. The right lower carnassial (m1 – F9.C.264) has a large talonid with two cusps which is typical of wolves ( Fig.4D, E View FIG ). The general proportions of this carnassial (breadth= 12.5 mm, length= 27 mm) and of the left upper carnassial (P4 – H8.C.240) (breadth= 13 mm, length= 25 mm) match the range recorded for Late Pleistocene wolves (breadth and length variations in m1 11.1-13.2 by 26.5-33.4 mm and in P4 12.3-15.3 by 23.8-29.9 mm in Schütt 1969; Boudadi-Maligne 2010; Brugal & Boudadi- Maligne 2011). Yet, these carnassials are smaller than the ones referred to as Canis lupus maximus Boudadi-Maligne, 2012 , described at Jaurens (OIS3; Boudadi-Maligne 2012). Postcranial remains are also referable to C. lupus . In particular, the morphological features of the fragmentary left tibia G11.B.109 are diagnostic of Canis , as defined by Pionnier- Capitan et al. (2011): the border of the medial malleolus is salient and prominent, whereas the distal border of the cranial side is straight and regular; moreover, the proximo caudal tuberosity of the ulnar olecranon E11.B.112 is more prominent in Canis as observed by Pionnier-Capitan et al. (2011). To sum up, the large canid from Fouvent is unambiguously referable to Canis (morphological features) and more precisely to Canis lupus (dimensions).

References

PIONNIER- CAPITAN M., BEMILLI C., BODU P., CELERIER G., FER- RIE J. - G., FOSSE P., GARCIA, M. & VIGNE J. - D. 2011. - New evidence for Upper Palaeolithic small domestic dogs in South- Western Europe. Journal of Archaeological Science 38: 2123 - 2140.

SCHUTT G. 1969. - Die jungpleistozane Fauna der Hohlen bei Rubeland im Harz. Quartar 20: 79 - 125.

Figures

FIG. 4.— Carnivores (other than hyenas) remains from Fouvent-Saint-Andoche, exclusive of hyenas: A, B, Panthera (Leo) spelaea (Goldfüss, 1810) right upper canines E11.224 (A) and H8.C.241(B); C, Panthera (Leo) spelaea (Goldfüss, 1810) left lower carnassial F10.A.48; D, E, Canis lupus Linnaeus, 1758 right lower carnassial F9.C.264; F, Vulpes vulpesLinnaeus, 1758 left mandible E11.A.15; G, H, Mustela (Putorius) eversmannii left mandible F11.B.214; I, Gulo gulo Linnaeus, 1758 left innominate; J, K, Ursus spelaeus Rosenmüller & Heinroth, 1794 right M2 G9.B.558. Scale bar: 20 mm. Pictures by JBF.