Maculibracon, Li, Yang, van Achterberg, Cornelis & Chen, Xue-xin, 2017

Li, Yang, van Achterberg, Cornelis & Chen, Xue-xin, 2017, Review of the genus Craspedolcus Enderlein sensu lato in China, with the description of a new genus and four new species (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Braconinae), ZooKeys 647, pp. 37-65 : 45

Maculibracon gen. n. Figs 42, 43-54, 55, 56-66, 67, 68-79, 80, 81-91

Craspedolcus Enderlein, 1920: 92 (p.p.); Shenefelt 1978: 1673 (p.p.); Quicke 1985: 354-357 (group B), 1987: 108 (p.p.); Quicke and van Achterberg 1990: 252 (p.p.).

Type species.

Maculibracon abruptus sp. n.

Diagnosis.

Scapus stout, 1.5-2.2 times longer than its maximum width and protruding ventrally (Figs 49, 66, 74, 91), rounded subbasally and inner side at most with narrow ledge apically; face flattened medially; propodeum medio-posteriorly more or less protruding in lateral view (Figs 53, 65, 78, 90); vein 3-SR of fore wing 2.4-2.8 times vein 2-SR (Figs 43, 56, 68, 81); vein 1r-m of hind wing 1.0-1.6 times as long as vein SC+R1 (Figs 44, 57, 69, 82); vein 3-SR of fore wing 0.9 times as long as vein SR1 or longer (Figs 43, 56, 68, 81); hind wing with 4-5 subbasal bristles; vein cu-a of fore wing strongly postfurcal and inclivous (Figs 43, 56, 68, 81); fore wing elongate (Figs 43, 56, 68, 81); median carina of first tergite high and medial area steep anteriorly in lateral view (Figs 53, 65, 78, 90); second metasomal tergite below basal areas smooth; antero-lateral areas of second tergite minute and remaining from small medio-basal area (Figs 47, 60, 72, 85); median carina of second tergite long and high (Figs 47, 60, 72, 85); strongly oblique antero-lateral grooves of third tergite long and almost meeting submedially (Figs 47, 60, 72, 85); maximum width of third tergite 2.7-3.2 times its medial length (Figs 47, 60, 72, 85); third and fourth tergites without transverse subposterior groove (Figs 47, 60, 72, 85); fifth and sixth tergites largely exposed and flat; subapically upper valve of ovipositor with small nodus, its lower valve fully exposed and with small teeth ventrally (Figs 54, 79); hypopygium medium-sized and subtruncate apically, not reaching level of apex of metasoma (Figs 42, 55, 67, 80); ovipositor sheath narrow, with short yellowish setae and 0.4-0.8 times as long as body.

Distribution.

Oriental (India, Bhutan, Myanmar, *Thailand, *Vietnam, *China, Philippines, Sundanese region).

Etymology.

Name derived from “macula” (Latin for "spot, mark") and the generic name Bracon , because of the conspicuous dark spot of the fore wing. Gender: masculine.

Notes.

Quicke (1985) already indicated that Craspedolcus was heterogeneous; he divided the genus in two groups. Group A includes the type species (= Craspedolcus s. str.) and group B is described in this paper as new genus. The new genus is similar to the Afrotropical genus Serraulax Quicke, 1987, but differs by having the inner apex of scapus simple or with a minor ledge (versus with moderately wide ledge formed by a false margin in Serraulax ), vein 1r-m of hind wing about as long as vein SC+R1 (versus distinctly longer), vein 2-SC+R of hind wing hardly longer than wide (versus distinctly longer than wide), vein cu-a of fore wing distinctly inclivous (versus more or less perpendicular), median carina of first tergite present anteriorly (versus absent anteriorly), second tergite smooth (versus distinctly longitudinally striate) and third tergite without subposterior transverse groove (versus with subposterior groove present).

Some species of the genus Hybogaster Szépligeti, 1906, are very similar to the new genus (e.g. first tergite with strong median carina and medial area protuberant anteriorly, wings elongate and mainly yellow, and fore wing with a dark stigmal spot). They differ by having the second tergite spaced longitudinally striate, the scapus short ovoid and not protruding ventrally, antero-lateral grooves of third tergite subvertical and indistinct because of the depression near it, vein 1-SR+M of fore wing straight or nearly so and upper valve of ovipositor without subapical nodus, depressed and covering the narrow and ventrally smooth lower valve. The genus Hybogaster remains unknown from China; the holotype of the only reported species, Hybogaster zebripterae Wang & Chen, 2008, from China (Fujian) has been examined and proved to belong to Iphiaulax Foerster, 1863, comb. n.

The following names form new combinations in Maculibracon gen. n.: Bracon lepcha Cameron, 1899; Bracon phaedo Cameron, 1899; Bracon simlaensis Cameron, 1899; Iphiaulax bhotanensis Cameron, 1907; Iphiaulax laertius Cameron, 1903; Iphiaulax leptopterus Cameron, 1903; Iphiaulax lineaticarinatus Cameron, 1907; Ipobracon lissotomus Roman, 1914; Ipobracon maculicosta Enderlein, 1920, and Ipobracon pallidicornis Roman, 1914.