Dolichothele camargorum, Revollo, Irene Soliz, Junior, Pedro Ismael da Silva & Bertani, Rogerio, 2017

Revollo, Irene Soliz, Junior, Pedro Ismael da Silva & Bertani, Rogerio, 2017, Two new Dolichothele Mello-Leitao, 1923 species from Brazil and Bolivia (Araneae, Theraphosidae), ZooKeys 724, pp. 1-20 : 7-12

Dolichothele camargorum sp. n. Figs 14-18, 19-23, 26-27, 32-35, 36

Oligoxystre bolivianum ; Guadanucci 2007: 4, f. 1-12 (in part, f. 10-12).

Dolichothele bolivianum ; Lucas and Indicatti 2015: 207 (in part).

Type material.

Male holotype (DZUB 8249). BRAZIL: Rondônia: Monte Negro [10°15'S; 63°17'W], nighttime hand collecting, 23 July 2007, P. I. Silva Jr., R. Bertani & R. Martins coll. (DZUB 8249); female paratype (DZUB 8250), BRAZIL: Rondônia: Monte Negro [10°15'S; 63°17'W] BR421, km 30, 20 December 2013, P. I. Silva Jr coll.

Other material.

BRAZIL, Rondônia: Monte Negro [10°15'S; 63°17'W], BR421, km 30, daytime hand collecting, 1 female, 18 December 2013, P. I. Silva Jr coll. (DZUB 8251); 1 female, 18 December 2013, P. H. Martins et al. coll. (UFMG 17214); Porto Velho, Mutum [8°33'S; 63°42'W], 1 male, 18 April 2012, R. P. Indicatti coll. (MZUSP 51008); BOLÍVIA, La Paz: San Buenaventura [14°27'S; 67°35'W], 1 female, 04 October 2004, D. Weinmann & A. Stirm coll. (MZUSP 26084); 1 male, 04 October 2004, D. Weinmann & A. Stirm coll. (MZUSP 26085).

Differential diagnosis.

Males of D. camargorum sp. n. (Figs 14-15, 19-20, 27) resemble those of D. dominguense ( Guadanucci 2007, f. 26-28), D. bolivianum sp. n. (Figs 1-2, 4-5, 25) and D. mottai sp. n. (Figs 9-10, 24) by the presence of a small subapical keel on male palpal bulb embolus. They differ from D. dominguense by the short embolus; from D. mottai sp. n. by the less curved and longer embolus; and from D. bolivianum by the slender embolus. Females of D. camargorum sp. n. (Figs 18, 23) resemble those of D. bolivianum and D. mottai sp. n. by the short spermathecae. They differ from both D. bolivianum and D. mottai sp. n. by the long and narrow spermathecae shape.

Description.

Male holotype (DZUB 8249). Carapace 5.6 long, 5.2 wide, chelicerae 2.5. Legs (femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus, total): I: 6.2, 3.4, 5.1, 5.0, 3.6, 23.3 II: 6.5, 3.1, 4.3, 4.7, 3.0, 21.6. III: 5.2, 2.2, 3.6, 4.1, 3.0, 18.1. IV: 6.6, 3.0, 5.1, 6.5, 3.4, 24.6. Palp: 4.2, 2.1, 3.5, -, 1.3, 11.1. Mid-widths: femur I–IV = 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 0.9, palp = 1.0; patella I–IV = 1.0, 1.1, 1.0, 0.6, palp = 0.9; tibiae I–IV = 1.0, 0.5, 0.7, 0.7 palp = 1.0; metatarsi I–IV = 0.9, 0.7, 0.7, 0.7; tarsi I–IV = 0.8, 0.7, 0.8, 0.6, palp = 0.7. Abdomen 6.8 long, 4.9 wide. Spinnerets: PMS, 0.66 long, 0.27 wide, 0.25 apart; PLS, 1.20 basal, 1.16 middle, 1.98 distal; mid-widths: 0.56, 0.52, 0.39, respectively. Carapace: length to width 1.07. Fovea: slightly procurved, deep, 0.86 wide. Eyes and eye tubercle. Tubercle 0.89 long, 1.23 wide. Clypeus 0.05 wide. Anterior row slightly procurved, posterior row slightly recurved. Sizes and inter-distances: AME 0.38, ALE 0.32, PME 0.23, PLE 0.29, AME–AME 0.11, AME–ALE 0.14, AME–PME 0.43, ALE–ALE 0.71, ALE–PME 0.23, PME–PME 0.64, PME–PLE 0.40, PLE–PLE 0.90, ALE–PLE 0.17, AME–PLE 0.27. Eye group 1.23 wide, 0.64 long. Maxillae: 1.96 long, 1.03 wide, with 22 cuspules spread over ventral inner heel. Lyra absent. Labium: 0.41 long, 0.96 wide, with 4 cuspules. Labio-sternal groove shallow, narrow, with two sigilla. Chelicerae: rastellum absent, basal segment with 8 teeth decreasing in size from distal to basal portion, with very small denticles on base. Sternum: 3.07 long, 2.62 wide. Posterior angle rounded, not separating coxae IV. Sigilla: sigilla not evident. Legs: leg formula: IV I II III. Clavate trichobothria: on distal 2/3 of tarsi I–IV. Scopula: tarsi I–IV fully scopulate, IV with sparse setae, not separating the scopula. Metatarsi I fully scopulate; II–IV 2/3 distal scopulate, IV with sparse setae, not separating the scopula. Spination: palp: femur p0-0-1, patella 0, tibia p0-1-0; leg I: femur p0-0-1, patella 0, tibia v0-0-2(1ap), p0-0-2, r2-2-1ap, metatarsus p0-1-0, r1-0-0; leg II: femur p0-1-1, patella 0, tibia v2-2-2(1ap), p1-1-0, metatarsus v1-0-0; leg III: femur p1-1-1, r1-1-1, d1-0-0, patella 0, tibia v2-3-2ap, p1-0-1, r1-0-1, metatarsus v 1-1-1ap, p1-1-2(1ap), r0-1-1; leg IV: femur p0-0-1, r0-0-1, patella 0, tibia v3-2-1ap, p 1-0-1, r 0-1-0, metatarsus v2-0-2ap, p1-1-1, r1-1-1. Claws: ITC absent from all legs; STC lacking teeth. Palpal bulb (Figs 14-15, 27, compare 19-20, and 26 from MZUSP 26085): pyriform, embolus narrowing abruptly at its base and curved 45° to the retrolateral side on its distal third, with a small keel just after the curvature. Embolus longer than tegulum. Male tibial apophysis (Figs 16-17, compare 21-22) with two branches originating from a common low base, positioned distant from metatarsus. Retrolateral branch longer than prolateral, not dilated on distal portion, with a spine on its mid-length. Prolateral branch shorter than contiguous spine. Both branches inclined ca. 45° to the prolateral side. Metatarsus I slightly curved. Color pattern (Fig. 32). Carapace black bordered by light brown long setae. Chelicerae and legs dorsally and ventrally black. Sternum, labium, maxillae, and coxae brown. Abdomen ventrally brown, dorsally black. Distal femora, patellae, tibiae and metatarsi rings not evident. Longitudinal stripes on leg articles not evident.

Female paratype

(DZUB 8250). Carapace 10.9 long, 8.2 wide, chelicerae 5.5. Legs (femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus, total): I: 8.0, 5.3, 5.7, 4.9, 3.3, 27.2. II: 7.4, 5.0, 4.9, 5.1, 3.8, 26.5. III: 7.2, 3.9, 4.7, 5.5, 3.7, 25. IV: 9.0, 4.7, 7.0, 7.7, 3.8, 32.2. Palp: 6.0, 3.8, 3.9, -, 4.7, 18.4. Mid-widths: femora I–IV =2.1, 1.7, 1.5, 1.7, palp = 1.6; patella I–IV = 1.9, 1.8, 1.7, 1.5, palp = 1.6; tibiae I–IV = 1.7, 1.2, 1.4, 1.5, palp = 1.5; metatarsi I–IV = 1.5, 1.3, 1.2, 1.1; tarsi I–IV = 1.2, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, palp = 1.6. Abdomen 12.2 long, 7.6 wide. Spinnerets: PMS, 1.17 long, 0.62 wide, 0.30 apart; PLS, 2.33 basal, 1.81 middle, 2.70 distal; mid-widths: 1.27, 1.22, 0.93, respectively. Carapace: length to width 1.32. Fovea: slightly procurved, deep, 1.24 wide. Eyes and eye tubercle. Tubercle 1.30 long, 1.83 wide. Clypeus 0.10 wide. Anterior row slightly procurved, posterior row slightly recurved. Sizes and inter-distances: AME 0.46, ALE 0.49, PME 0.29, PLE 0.42, AME–AME 0.12, AME–ALE 0.15, AME–PME 0.07, ALE–ALE 1.05, ALE–PME 0.26, PME–PME 1.02, PME–PLE 0.12, PLE–PLE 1.37, ALE–PLE 0.22, AME–PLE 0.38. Eye group 1.83 wide, 0.96 long. Maxillae: 3.67 long, 1.86 wide, with 16 cuspules spread over ventral inner heel. Lyra absent. Labium: 0.71 long, 1.68 wide, with 2 cuspules. Labio-sternal groove shallow, narrow, with two sigilla. Chelicerae: rastellum absent, basal segment with 9 teeth decreasing in size from distal to basal portion, and small teeth on basal area. Sternum: 5.21 long, 4.17 wide. Posterior angle rounded, not separating coxae IV. Sigilla: three pairs, all small, rounded, less than one diameter from margin. Legs: leg formula: IV I II III. Clavate trichobothria: on distal 2/3 of tarsi I-IV. Scopula: tarsi I–IV fully scopulate, IV with two rows of setae, not separating the scopula. Metatarsi I–II fully scopulate; III–IV 3/4 distal scopulate with two rows of setae, not separating the scopula. Spination: palp: femur p0-0-1, patella 0, tibia v0-2-3(2ap), p0-1-0; leg I: femur 0, patella 0, tibia v0-1-1ap, p0-0-1, metatarsus v1-0-0; leg II: femur p0-0-1, patella 0, tibia v0-1-1ap, p0-0-1; metatarsus v1-0-0; leg III: femur p0-1-1, r0-1-1, patella 0, tibia v1-2-2ap, p0-1-1, r 0-1-1, metatarsus v2-0-3ap, p1-1-1, r0-1-1; IV: femur r0-0-1, patella 0, tibia v1-2-2, p0-1-0, r1-0-1, metatarsus v2-0-3ap, p0-1-1, r1-0-1. Claws: ITC absent from all legs; STC lacking teeth. Genitalia: Spermathecae (Fig. 18, compare 23) short, longer than wide, rectangular, with 4 lobes on its tip. Color pattern (Figs 34-35). Carapace brown covered with long light brown setae. Chelicerae dark brown. Legs dorsally brown, covered with dark brown setae. Sternum, labium, maxillae, and coxae light brown. Other leg articles ventrally brown. Abdomen ventrally brown, dorsally dark brown extending laterally and forming four wide marks (Fig. 35). Distal femora, patellae, tibiae and metatarsi with narrow whitish rings. Longitudinal stripes on leg articles not evident.

Immatures (Fig. 33) have black carapace and abdomen and the legs are dorsally greyish to brownish with black tarsi. The abdomen dorsum shows broad black marks on the laterals and a narrow posterior black stripe (Fig. 33). Adult females have only four broad black marks extending laterally.

Etymology.

The specific name is a patronym in honor of Dr. Erney F. Plessmann de Camargo and Dr. Luis Marcelo Aranha Camargo for their efforts to develop medical and biological research in the state of Rondônia, Brazil. They encouraged the field work on which the specimens of this new species were collected.

Remarks. Guadanucci (2007) examined a single specimen of this new species from Brazil, a female from State of Rondônia, Porto Velho, U. H. Samuel (IBSP 9506). This specimen was not examined here, as it was destroyed by a fire in the Instituto Butantan collection buildings in 2010. Other specimens examined from nearby localities show the female has very distinct spermathecae, slender and with lobes only on their tips (Figs 18, 23). The male has a more slender embolus, mainly on its base (Figs 14-15, 27). Males, females and immatures have distinct color patterns from those of D. bolivianum and D. mottai sp. n. Male and female from Rurrenabaque, Beni, Bolivia shown in Guadanucci (2007) f. 11-12 have a distinct color pattern. As only two males and a female were examined from Bolivia, it is not possible to conclude whether it is morphological variation or another undescribed species. For this reason, figures of male palpal bulb and spermathecae were included to show the morphological variation in the specimens from the two distant localities (Figs 19-21, 26).

Distribution.

Brazil, state of Rondônia; and Bolivia, department of La Paz (Fig. 36).

Ecology.

Dolichothele camargorum sp. n. occurs in the Amazon region, probably in Cerrado remnants.

Discussion.

Guadanucci (2007, 2011) recognized eight species in Oligoxystre Vellard, 1924 (now Dolichothele ). One of these species, D. bolivianum , was considered to have a wide distribution from Central-Western Brazil to Bolivia, close to the Andes ( Guadanucci 2007). Guadanucci (2007) found variation in color pattern throughout the distribution of this species but considered them as local population variation. Examining the available material of Guadanucci (2007) together with additional specimens recently collected, it is possible to recognize two more species, which are herein described. Dolichothele mottai sp. n. males clearly have a shorter embolus with a strong “S” -shaped curvature (Figs 9-10, 24), distinct from the longer and straighter embolus of D. bolivianum (Figs 1-2, 4-5, 25). Dolichothele mottai sp. n. females have a broader spermathecae than those of D. bolivianum (Fig. 13) and, as the male, have the carapace with a distinct color pattern of iridescent reddish setae covering it (Figs 30-31). Another new species also closely related with D. bolivianum was recognized from the state of Rondônia, Brazil and department La Paz, Bolivia. Males of the new species D. camargorum sp. n. have a slender embolus (Figs 14-15, 19-20, 27), when comparing with D. bolivianum , and the females have narrow spermathecae with lobes restricted to their apex (Fig. 18). The color pattern is also distinct, males have a dark carapace with orange setae on its borders and the females have dark marks on the lateral abdomen (Figs 33, 35), character unknown in other species of Dolichothele .