identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03C587B183192A57FE16FA31FBA972A1.text	03C587B183192A57FE16FA31FBA972A1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Odyneropsis Schrottky 1902	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Genus  Odyneropsis Schrottky</p>
            <p> Odyneropsis Schrottky, 1902: 432–433 . Type species:  Odyneropsis holosericea Schrottky, 1902 , by original designation (=  Rhathymus armatus Friese, 1900 ). </p>
            <p> DIAGNOSIS: Species of  Odyneropsis Schrottky are readily distinguished by the parallel inner orbits of the eyes, the relatively large ocelli, the large pterostigma that enters the marginal cell, and the scarce patches of squamiform, appressed pubescence that characterize most other epeolines. Other features that distinguish the genus are the median longitudinal carina of the clypeus and the female pseudopygidial area on T5, with a basal structure formed by modified setae, either U-shaped or ovoid. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C587B183192A57FE16FA31FBA972A1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Roig-Alsina, Arturo	Roig-Alsina, Arturo (2024): The cleptoparasitic bee genus Odyneropsis in México (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Epeolini). Journal of Melittology 2024 (117): 1-9, DOI: 10.17161/jom.i117.22379
03C587B183192A54FE41FB8AFB1D7691.text	03C587B183192A54FE41FB8AFB1D7691.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Odyneropsis Schrottky 1902	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Key to Mexican species of  Odyneropsis</p>
            <p> 1. Body integument entirely ferruginous. Pubescence yellowish (Fig. 1)….. .......................................................................................  O. apache Griswold &amp; Parker</p>
            <p>—. Integument of body black, some specimens with dark reddish-brown legs. Pubescence either dark brown or white…............................................................ 2</p>
            <p> 2(1). Pubescence white (Fig. 5). Axilla strongly produced (Figs. 7–9), mesal length of apical point 0.43–0.50× of total length of mesal margin. Semierect hairs of scutum simple or with one or two short basal branches…....  O. chamelae ,  n. sp.</p>
            <p> —. Pubescence brown to dark brown, except white patch on hind coxa, and in some specimens, small white lateral patch on mid coxa and few white hairs on lower corner of posterolateral angle of propodeum. Axilla short to moderately produced (Figs. 2–4), mesal length of apical point 0.23–0.35× of total length of mesal margin. Semierect hairs of scutum with numerous branches along the rachis................................................................................................  O. apicalis Ducke</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C587B183192A54FE41FB8AFB1D7691	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Roig-Alsina, Arturo	Roig-Alsina, Arturo (2024): The cleptoparasitic bee genus Odyneropsis in México (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Epeolini). Journal of Melittology 2024 (117): 1-9, DOI: 10.17161/jom.i117.22379
03C587B1831A2A54FE43FF99FC2F7182.text	03C587B1831A2A54FE43FF99FC2F7182.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Odyneropsis apache Griswold & Parker 1999	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Odyneropsis apache Griswold &amp; Parker</p>
            <p>(Fig. 1)</p>
            <p> 
Odyneropsis apache 
Griswold &amp; Parker, 1999: 217–218 (holotype female, USA, Arizona, Santa Cruz Co., Sycamore Canyon, near  Ruby , 16/ 17.VIII.1961,  Werner ,  Bequaert , BBSL, not examined). </p>
            <p> DIAGNOSIS: This species is readily distinguished by its ferruginous body, the yellowish pubescence, and the deeply infuscate wings. It is very similar in punctation and morphology to the other two Mexican species. The three species form a group within  Odyneropsis s. str. characterized by a sturdy first metasomal segment and proportionally shorter legs. Besides differences in color,  O. apache lacks the branched hairs that cover the scutum of  O. apicalis , and the vertex is punctate throughout, lacking the impunctate, polished areas present in  O. chamelae . For a full description of  O. apache , the reader is referred to Griswold and Parker (1999). </p>
            <p>DISTRIBUTION: México, state of Jalisco. USA, state of Arizona.</p>
            <p>MATERIAL STUDIED: México. 1 F, Guadalajara, Crawford (LACM).</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C587B1831A2A54FE43FF99FC2F7182	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Roig-Alsina, Arturo	Roig-Alsina, Arturo (2024): The cleptoparasitic bee genus Odyneropsis in México (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Epeolini). Journal of Melittology 2024 (117): 1-9, DOI: 10.17161/jom.i117.22379
03C587B1831B2A52FE06FE8CFBEB71E4.text	03C587B1831B2A52FE06FE8CFBEB71E4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Odyneropsis apicalis Ducke 1909	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Odyneropsis apicalis Ducke</p>
            <p>(Figs. 2–4)</p>
            <p> Odyneropsis apicalis Ducke, 1909: 307 (Lectotype female, México, Veracruz, Orizaba, Sumichrast, Coll. O. Sichel 1867, MNHN, examined, present designation). Rozen, 1966: 20–22, figures 33–38 (description of mature larva). Ayala et al., 1996: 461. Ayala, 2004: 201. </p>
            <p>DIAGNOSIS: This species is distinguished by the black integument and the fuscous pubescence of the body, except for a patch of white pubescence on the upper surface of the hind coxa. A few Mexican specimens may additionally bear a small white lateral patch on the mid coxa and a few white hairs on the lower corner of the posterolateral angle of the propodeum. Specimens from northern South America may also have whitish hairs on the dorsal surface of the pronotal collar. The dark forewings may have a whitish to translucent apex. This characteristic, when present, is diagnostic for the species, but some specimens may have the wings entirely dark. Ducke (1909) acknowledged this color variation of the wings in the original description of the species.</p>
            <p>REDESCRIPTION: Female. Length, 13.0– 15.5 mm (lectotype 15.0 mm); length of forewing, 11.7–14.5 mm (lectotype 14.5 mm). Color. Integument black. Wings infuscate, forewing with or without pale apex. Veins and pterostigma dark brown to black, but when pale apex present distal veins yellowish brown. Pubescence. Brown to dark brown, paler on face and dorsal surface of pronotal collar; patch of white pubescence on upper surface of hind coxa always present. Some specimens with white lateral patch on mid coxa and white hairs on lower corner of posterolateral angle of propodeum. Dense, appressed pubescence on face only around antennal sockets. Scutum with semierect, branched hairs 0.4–0.6× MOD, and erect, simple, sparser hairs 0.6–0.8× MOD. Propodeum with erect pubescence not hiding integument. Sculpture. Frons and vertex densely punctate throughout; some specimens with band of sparser punctures between lateral ocellus and eye. Longitudinal median carina of clypeus weak, usually fading on apical half of clypeus. Scutum with small punctures (diameter 30–40 µ), separated by polished interspaces 0.2–0.4× PD. Mesopleuron with similar punctation. Punctures on metasomal terga smaller, on disc of T2 15-20 µ in diameter, separated by less than a PD. Structure. Labrum 1.7x as broad as long, with pair of small apical denticles separated by shallow emargination. Clypeus moderately protuberant, in lateral view protruding in front of eyes by less than half of eye width (0.4×). Axilla with lateral margin nearly straight, scarcely longer than mesal margin; produced pointed apex variable, from short (0.23× of total length of mesal margin), conical, and not keeled dorsally, to rather long (0.38×), compressed, and dorsally keeled; proportions between lengths of lateral margin, mesal margin, and free portion of mesal margin in Mexican specimens 1.02–1.08:1:0.23–0.35; lateral margin 0.51–0.61× scutellar width. Scutellum bigibbous; gibbae with conical, polished summits, directed backwards. Hind basitarsus shorter than intertegular span (0.83–0.87×).</p>
            <p>Male. Length, 14.0– 16.8 mm; length of forewing, 12.5–14.5 mm. Color, pubescence and punctation similar to those of female. Hind basitarsus slender, shorter than in female, 0.76–0.78× intertegular span. Pygidial plate parallel-sided with truncate apex. Sterna without apical fringes of hairs.</p>
            <p>COMMENTS: The color of the forewing varies considerably in this species. In some specimens, the pale apex encompasses the entire marginal cell, the third submarginal cell, the apex of the second medial cell, and all the apex beyond the closed cells. At the other extreme of variation, some specimens have entirely infuscated wings. Intermediates occur, including specimens with a faint pale preapical cloud.</p>
            <p>There is also variation in the length of the produced apex of the axilla and its shape, as described above. I found no clear association between variation in the morphology of the axilla and variation in the color of the wings. Within México, I did not find any association between the two former variables and the provenance of the specimens either, but specimens from northern South America consistently have a longer projection of the axilla (0.40–0.42× of total length of the mesal margin), and the produced pointed apex in lateral view is narrower and rather digitiform. I see no other morphological differences between South American and Mexican specimens, and I interpret this as populational variation within the species.</p>
            <p>  The lectotype bears the following labels: green label “Museum Paris/ Mexique / (Sumichrast)/ Coll. O. Sichel 1867”; white label “Mex/ Sum/ 64”; white label “22/ [female symbol]/ Oriz.”; white label “  Odyneropsis /  apicalis Ducke / type [female symbol]”; a red lectotype label of mine  . </p>
            <p> DISTRIBUTION: México:  Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Michoacán, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas, and Veracruz. Panamá, Colombia, Trinidad , and Ecuador. </p>
            <p> MATERIAL STUDIED: México.   Guerrero: 1 M, La Pintada,  El Paraíso , 31.III.1984, R. Ayala (IBUNAM)  .   Hidalgo: 1 F,  Tlanchinol , 2, 5 km E, 14.X.1990, Rodríguez (IBUNAM)  .  Jalisco: 1 F, Guadalajara (LACM) .   Michoacán: 1 F,  Ario de Rosales , 1800 m, 28.X.1987, R. Ayala (IBUNAM)  .   Nuevo León: 1 F, Mesa de Chipinque, ca.  Monterrey , 19/ 22. VI.1976, C. Porter (SEMC)  .   San Luis Potosí: 1 F, Hotel Covadonga,  Ciudad Valle , 2/ 3. VI.1977, C. Porter, A. Cerbone (MACN)  .   Tamaulipas: 1 M, 64 km N Cd. Victoria,  Rta. 85, 17. VI.1975, C. Porter &amp; H. Weems (FSCA)  .  Veracruz: 1 F, lectotype, Orizaba, Sumichrast (MNHN) ;  2 M, paralectotypes (MNHN) ;   1 M,  Catemaca , 30. V.1964, J.C. &amp; D. Pallister (AMNH)  .   Panamá. Canal Zone: 1 F,  Barro Colorado Island , 5.VII.1956, C.W. &amp; M.E. Rettenmeyer (SEMC)  .   Colombia. Magdalena: 1 M, Minca,  San Lorenzo , 2040 m, 8.IV.1987, A. Otero &amp; L. Vasquez (ICN-MHN)  .   Trinidad. 2 F,  Nariva Swamp , III.1964, F.D. Bennett, reared from cell of  Ptiloglossa fulvopilosa Cameron (AMNH)  .   Ecuador. Los Ríos: 1 F, Pichilingüe, ca.  Quevedo , 30. VI / 2.VII.1975, C. Porter (FSCA)  . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C587B1831B2A52FE06FE8CFBEB71E4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Roig-Alsina, Arturo	Roig-Alsina, Arturo (2024): The cleptoparasitic bee genus Odyneropsis in México (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Epeolini). Journal of Melittology 2024 (117): 1-9, DOI: 10.17161/jom.i117.22379
03C587B1831D2A50FE7BFEE9FB037271.text	03C587B1831D2A50FE7BFEE9FB037271.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Odyneropsis chamelae Roig-Alsina 2024	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Odyneropsis chamelae Roig-Alsina ,  new species</p>
            <p>ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: E7858CAC-09D0-432C-9D23-62879AA824A7</p>
            <p>(Figs. 5–9)</p>
            <p>DIAGNOSIS: This species is distinguished by the black integument, the extensive white pubescence, and the strongly produced axillae. The ocellocular area has a polished band from the lateral ocellus to the eye margin; the band is impunctate or with a few scattered punctures (Fig. 6).</p>
            <p>DESCRIPTION: Female holotype. Length, 17.0 mm; length of forewing, 14.0 mm. Color. Integument black, except reddish pedicel and first flagellomere. Wings deeply infuscate, with dark brown to black veins and pterostigma. Pubescence. White, short and sparse on most of body. Dense patches of white pubescence restricted to outer side of antennal socket, dorsal surface of pronotal collar, medially on metanotum, apex of mid coxa, and lateral and dorsal surfaces of hind coxa. Propodeum with hairs longer and denser on posterolateral angles, but not hiding integument. Scutum with abundant semierect hairs 0.25–0.45× MOD (these hairs simple or with one or two short basal branches), and erect, simple, sparse hairs 0.5–0.7× MOD. Sculpture. Frons and vertex densely punctate, but ocellocular area with polished, impunctate band from lateral ocellus to eye. Longitudinal median carina of clypeus strong, reaching apical margin of clypeus. Scutum with small punctures (diameter 40-60 µ), separated by irregular polished interspaces 0.2–0.9× PD. Mesopleuron with similar punctation. Punctures on metasomal terga smaller, on disc of T2 25–35 µ in diameter, separated by 0.2–1.0× PD. Structure. Labrum 1.82× as broad as long, with pair of small apical denticles separated by shallow emargination. Clypeus moderately protuberant, in lateral view protruding in front of eyes by less than half of eye width (0.4×). Axilla with lateral margin sinuous, with apex bent mesad; produced pointed apex compressed, dorsally keeled, in lateral view digitiform; proportions between lengths of lateral margin, mesal margin, and free portion of mesal margin 1.03:1:0.43; lateral margin 0.71× scutellar width. Scutellum bigibbous; gibbae with conical, polished summits, directed backwards. Hind basitarsus shorter than intertegular span (0.83×).</p>
            <p>Male. Length, 14.0–16.0 mm; length of forewing, 13.5–14.4 mm. Color, pubescence and punctation similar to those of female. Length of free portion of mesal margin of axilla in studied males 0.45–0.50× total length of mesal margin. Hind basitarsus slender, 0.76–0.80× intertegular span. Pygidial plate parallel-sided with truncate apex. Sterna without apical fringes of hairs.</p>
            <p>ETYMOLOGY: The specific name refers to the type locality.</p>
            <p>DISTRIBUTION: México, state of Jalisco.</p>
            <p>  MATERIAL STUDIED: México, Jalisco. Holotype female, Chamela, 7.X.1985, A. Rodríguez P. (IBUNAM). Following paratypes: 1 M, same data as holotype (IBUNAM); 3 M, Chamela, 19.X.1985, R. Ayala (IBUNAM, 1 M at MACN); 1 M, Chamela, 2.X.1985, R. J. McGinley (USNM); 1 M, Chamela, 1.X.1985, J.G. Rozen (AMNH); 5 M,  Estación de Biología Chamela , 16.VII.1988, E. Ramírez, trampa Malaise (IBUNAM, 1 M at MACN). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C587B1831D2A50FE7BFEE9FB037271	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Roig-Alsina, Arturo	Roig-Alsina, Arturo (2024): The cleptoparasitic bee genus Odyneropsis in México (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Epeolini). Journal of Melittology 2024 (117): 1-9, DOI: 10.17161/jom.i117.22379
