taxonID	type	format	identifier	references	title	description	created	creator	contributor	publisher	audience	source	license	rightsHolder	datasetID
03D487C19F38C90DFC311BFDFD56FDDF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14834644/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14834644	Figure 8. Anatomy of meatal chamber of Paralligator PIN 3140/502. Close-up photographs of skull showing the region of interest in right lateral (A) and left lateral (B) views. Asterisk marks partially closed cranioquadrate passage in (B). Abbreviations:CQP, cranioquadrate passage (in dark grey); EAM, external auditory meatus (in dark grey); ElG, earlid groove; J, jugal; MC, meatal chamber (in pale grey); OI, otic incisure; Oto, otoccipital; Po, postorbital; PotFos, periotic fossa; Q, quadrate; Qj, quadratojugal; SF, subtympanic foramen; Sq, squamosal.	Figure 8. Anatomy of meatal chamber of Paralligator PIN 3140/502. Close-up photographs of skull showing the region of interest in right lateral (A) and left lateral (B) views. Asterisk marks partially closed cranioquadrate passage in (B). Abbreviations:CQP, cranioquadrate passage (in dark grey); EAM, external auditory meatus (in dark grey); ElG, earlid groove; J, jugal; MC, meatal chamber (in pale grey); OI, otic incisure; Oto, otoccipital; Po, postorbital; PotFos, periotic fossa; Q, quadrate; Qj, quadratojugal; SF, subtympanic foramen; Sq, squamosal.	2025-01-09	Kuzmin, Ivan T.;Sichinava, Ekaterina A.;Mazur, Evgeniia V.;Gombolevskiy, Victor A.;Sennikov, Andrey G.;Skutschas, Pavel P.		Zenodo	biologists	Kuzmin, Ivan T.;Sichinava, Ekaterina A.;Mazur, Evgeniia V.;Gombolevskiy, Victor A.;Sennikov, Andrey G.;Skutschas, Pavel P.			
03D487C19F38C90DFC311BFDFD56FDDF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14834638/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14834638	Figure 5. Braincase anatomy of Paralligator gradilifrons PIN 554/1-1, in left ventrolateral (A), left lateral (B), and right ventrolateral (C) views. Asterisk marks endocranial cavity. Abbreviations:Bo, basioccipital; CN V, foramen for trigeminal nerve; CN V 1, canal for ophthalmic branch of trigeminal nerve; CQP, cranioquadrate passage; CrA’, muscular crest A’; CrB, muscular crest B; EAM, external auditory meatus; ElG, earlid groove; Fr, frontal; LBr, lateral bridge; Ls, laterosphenoid; Pa, parietal; Pbs, parabasisphenoid; Po, postorbital; Pro, prootic; Pt, pterygoid; Q, quadrate; SF, subtympanic foramen; Sq, squamosal.	Figure 5. Braincase anatomy of Paralligator gradilifrons PIN 554/1-1, in left ventrolateral (A), left lateral (B), and right ventrolateral (C) views. Asterisk marks endocranial cavity. Abbreviations:Bo, basioccipital; CN V, foramen for trigeminal nerve; CN V 1, canal for ophthalmic branch of trigeminal nerve; CQP, cranioquadrate passage; CrA’, muscular crest A’; CrB, muscular crest B; EAM, external auditory meatus; ElG, earlid groove; Fr, frontal; LBr, lateral bridge; Ls, laterosphenoid; Pa, parietal; Pbs, parabasisphenoid; Po, postorbital; Pro, prootic; Pt, pterygoid; Q, quadrate; SF, subtympanic foramen; Sq, squamosal.	2025-01-09	Kuzmin, Ivan T.;Sichinava, Ekaterina A.;Mazur, Evgeniia V.;Gombolevskiy, Victor A.;Sennikov, Andrey G.;Skutschas, Pavel P.		Zenodo	biologists	Kuzmin, Ivan T.;Sichinava, Ekaterina A.;Mazur, Evgeniia V.;Gombolevskiy, Victor A.;Sennikov, Andrey G.;Skutschas, Pavel P.			
03D487C19F38C90DFC311BFDFD56FDDF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14834642/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14834642	Figure 7. Virtually reconstructed braincase of Paralligator PIN 3141/501, in right ventrolateral (A), left lateral (B), and oblique posterolateral (C) views.Asterisk marks endocranial cavity.Abbreviations:Bo, basioccipital; CN V, foramen and fossa for trigeminal nerve; CN VIIpl, foramen for palatine branch of facial nerve; CN XII, foramen for hypoglossal nerve; CQP, cranioquadrate passage; CrA, muscular crest A; CrA’, muscular crest A’; CrB, muscular crest B; EAM, external auditory meatus; ElG, earlid groove; Fr, frontal; HypFos, hypophyseal fossa; Ls, laterosphenoid; MC, meatal chamber; Oto, otoccipital; Pa, parietal; Pbs, parabasisphenoid; Po, postorbital; Pro, prootic; Pt, pterygoid; Q, quadrate; Qj, quadratojugal; SF, subtympanic foramen; Sq, squamosal.	Figure 7. Virtually reconstructed braincase of Paralligator PIN 3141/501, in right ventrolateral (A), left lateral (B), and oblique posterolateral (C) views.Asterisk marks endocranial cavity.Abbreviations:Bo, basioccipital; CN V, foramen and fossa for trigeminal nerve; CN VIIpl, foramen for palatine branch of facial nerve; CN XII, foramen for hypoglossal nerve; CQP, cranioquadrate passage; CrA, muscular crest A; CrA’, muscular crest A’; CrB, muscular crest B; EAM, external auditory meatus; ElG, earlid groove; Fr, frontal; HypFos, hypophyseal fossa; Ls, laterosphenoid; MC, meatal chamber; Oto, otoccipital; Pa, parietal; Pbs, parabasisphenoid; Po, postorbital; Pro, prootic; Pt, pterygoid; Q, quadrate; Qj, quadratojugal; SF, subtympanic foramen; Sq, squamosal.	2025-01-09	Kuzmin, Ivan T.;Sichinava, Ekaterina A.;Mazur, Evgeniia V.;Gombolevskiy, Victor A.;Sennikov, Andrey G.;Skutschas, Pavel P.		Zenodo	biologists	Kuzmin, Ivan T.;Sichinava, Ekaterina A.;Mazur, Evgeniia V.;Gombolevskiy, Victor A.;Sennikov, Andrey G.;Skutschas, Pavel P.			
03D487C19F38C90DFC311BFDFD56FDDF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14834640/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14834640	Figure 6. Virtually reconstructed braincase of Paralligator PIN 3141/501, in anterior (A), posterior (B), dorsal (C), and ventral (D) views. Abbreviations:aCC, foramen for cerebral carotid artery; Bo, basioccipital; CN V, foramen and fossa for trigeminal nerve; CN V1, canal for ophthalmic branch of trigeminal nerve; CN VIIpl, foramen for palatine branch of facial nerve; CN IX-X + SN, common foramen for glossopharyngeal, vagus and sympathetic nerves; CN XII, foramina for hypoglossal nerve; CQP, cranioquadrate passage; CrA, muscular crest A; CrA’, muscular crest A’; CrB, muscular crest B; DCr, dorsal crest; FAe, foramen aereum for pneumatic siphonium; Fr, frontal; LG, longitudinal groove; Ls, laterosphenoid; MPh, median pharyngeal foramen; Oto, otoccipital; Pa, parietal; Pbs, parabasisphenoid; PhT, pharyngotympanic foramen; Po, postorbital; PotFos, periotic fossa; Pro, prootic; Pt, pterygoid; Q, quadrate; Qj, quadratojugal; SF, subtympanic foramen; So, supraoccipital; Sq, squamosal; STF, supratemporal fenestra and fossa.	Figure 6. Virtually reconstructed braincase of Paralligator PIN 3141/501, in anterior (A), posterior (B), dorsal (C), and ventral (D) views. Abbreviations:aCC, foramen for cerebral carotid artery; Bo, basioccipital; CN V, foramen and fossa for trigeminal nerve; CN V1, canal for ophthalmic branch of trigeminal nerve; CN VIIpl, foramen for palatine branch of facial nerve; CN IX-X + SN, common foramen for glossopharyngeal, vagus and sympathetic nerves; CN XII, foramina for hypoglossal nerve; CQP, cranioquadrate passage; CrA, muscular crest A; CrA’, muscular crest A’; CrB, muscular crest B; DCr, dorsal crest; FAe, foramen aereum for pneumatic siphonium; Fr, frontal; LG, longitudinal groove; Ls, laterosphenoid; MPh, median pharyngeal foramen; Oto, otoccipital; Pa, parietal; Pbs, parabasisphenoid; PhT, pharyngotympanic foramen; Po, postorbital; PotFos, periotic fossa; Pro, prootic; Pt, pterygoid; Q, quadrate; Qj, quadratojugal; SF, subtympanic foramen; So, supraoccipital; Sq, squamosal; STF, supratemporal fenestra and fossa.	2025-01-09	Kuzmin, Ivan T.;Sichinava, Ekaterina A.;Mazur, Evgeniia V.;Gombolevskiy, Victor A.;Sennikov, Andrey G.;Skutschas, Pavel P.		Zenodo	biologists	Kuzmin, Ivan T.;Sichinava, Ekaterina A.;Mazur, Evgeniia V.;Gombolevskiy, Victor A.;Sennikov, Andrey G.;Skutschas, Pavel P.			
03D487C19F38C90DFC311BFDFD56FDDF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14834646/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14834646	Figure 9. Anatomy of temporal canal, cranioquadrate passage, and anterior temporal foramen of Paralligator gradilifrons PIN 554-1/1. A, cranium in dorsal view and inset showing skull roof in oblique anterodorsal view.B, CT-based 3D models of cranium and endocasts of endocranial cavity, paratympanic pneumatic system, temporal canal, and cranioquadrate passage in oblique left dorsolateral view. Abbreviations:ATF, anterior temporal foramen; CQP, cranioquadrate passage; EAM, external auditory meatus; Endo, brain endocast; Fr, frontal; Pa, parietal; PhTPR (MEC), pharyngotympanic (middle ear) cavity; Po, postorbital; PQF, postquadrate foramen; Pro, prootic; Q, quadrate; Sq, squamosal; TC, temporal canal.	Figure 9. Anatomy of temporal canal, cranioquadrate passage, and anterior temporal foramen of Paralligator gradilifrons PIN 554-1/1. A, cranium in dorsal view and inset showing skull roof in oblique anterodorsal view.B, CT-based 3D models of cranium and endocasts of endocranial cavity, paratympanic pneumatic system, temporal canal, and cranioquadrate passage in oblique left dorsolateral view. Abbreviations:ATF, anterior temporal foramen; CQP, cranioquadrate passage; EAM, external auditory meatus; Endo, brain endocast; Fr, frontal; Pa, parietal; PhTPR (MEC), pharyngotympanic (middle ear) cavity; Po, postorbital; PQF, postquadrate foramen; Pro, prootic; Q, quadrate; Sq, squamosal; TC, temporal canal.	2025-01-09	Kuzmin, Ivan T.;Sichinava, Ekaterina A.;Mazur, Evgeniia V.;Gombolevskiy, Victor A.;Sennikov, Andrey G.;Skutschas, Pavel P.		Zenodo	biologists	Kuzmin, Ivan T.;Sichinava, Ekaterina A.;Mazur, Evgeniia V.;Gombolevskiy, Victor A.;Sennikov, Andrey G.;Skutschas, Pavel P.			
03D487C19F38C90DFC311BFDFD56FDDF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14834636/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14834636	Figure 4. Braincase anatomy of Paralligator gradilifrons PIN 554/1-1, in posterior (A, B) and ventral (C, D) views.A, C, photographs.B, D, CT-based 3D models. Asterisk marks endocranial cavity. Abbreviations: aCC, foramen for cerebral carotid artery; Bo, basioccipital; CN V, foramen and fossa for trigeminal nerve; CN IX-X + SN, common foramen for glossopharyngeal, vagus, and sympathetic nerves; CN XII, foramina for hypoglossal nerve; CQP, cranioquadrate passage; DCr, dorsal crest; FAe, foramen aereum for pneumatic siphonium; FM, foramen magnum; Fr, frontal; Lac, lacrimal; LC, lateral condyle; Ls, laterosphenoid; MC, medial condyle; Mdb, mandible; N, nasal; Orb, orbit; Oto, otoccipital; Pa, parietal; Pbs, parabasisphenoid; Pfr, prefrontal; Po, postorbital; PocP, postoccipital process; POP, paroccipital process; Pt, pterygoid; PTF, posttemporal fenestra; Q, quadrate; So, supraoccipital; Sq, squamosal; STF, supratemporal fossa, VLP, ventrolateral process.	Figure 4. Braincase anatomy of Paralligator gradilifrons PIN 554/1-1, in posterior (A, B) and ventral (C, D) views.A, C, photographs.B, D, CT-based 3D models. Asterisk marks endocranial cavity. Abbreviations: aCC, foramen for cerebral carotid artery; Bo, basioccipital; CN V, foramen and fossa for trigeminal nerve; CN IX-X + SN, common foramen for glossopharyngeal, vagus, and sympathetic nerves; CN XII, foramina for hypoglossal nerve; CQP, cranioquadrate passage; DCr, dorsal crest; FAe, foramen aereum for pneumatic siphonium; FM, foramen magnum; Fr, frontal; Lac, lacrimal; LC, lateral condyle; Ls, laterosphenoid; MC, medial condyle; Mdb, mandible; N, nasal; Orb, orbit; Oto, otoccipital; Pa, parietal; Pbs, parabasisphenoid; Pfr, prefrontal; Po, postorbital; PocP, postoccipital process; POP, paroccipital process; Pt, pterygoid; PTF, posttemporal fenestra; Q, quadrate; So, supraoccipital; Sq, squamosal; STF, supratemporal fossa, VLP, ventrolateral process.	2025-01-09	Kuzmin, Ivan T.;Sichinava, Ekaterina A.;Mazur, Evgeniia V.;Gombolevskiy, Victor A.;Sennikov, Andrey G.;Skutschas, Pavel P.		Zenodo	biologists	Kuzmin, Ivan T.;Sichinava, Ekaterina A.;Mazur, Evgeniia V.;Gombolevskiy, Victor A.;Sennikov, Andrey G.;Skutschas, Pavel P.			
03D487C19F38C90DFC311BFDFD56FDDF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14834648/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14834648	Figure 10. Anatomy of mesethmoid of Paralligator. A–D, PIN 3141/501-1, rostrum in ventral view (A) and close-up photographs of mesethmoid in posteroventral (B), right lateral (C), and left lateral (D) views. E–F, PIN 3458/501-1, partial skull roof in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views.Abbreviations: CN I, groove for olfactory nerve; Fr, frontal; Lac, lacrimal; M, maxilla; Meth, mesethmoid; N, nasal; Pfr, prefrontal; Pm, premaxilla; vNC/M, groove for common and medial nasal vein.	Figure 10. Anatomy of mesethmoid of Paralligator. A–D, PIN 3141/501-1, rostrum in ventral view (A) and close-up photographs of mesethmoid in posteroventral (B), right lateral (C), and left lateral (D) views. E–F, PIN 3458/501-1, partial skull roof in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views.Abbreviations: CN I, groove for olfactory nerve; Fr, frontal; Lac, lacrimal; M, maxilla; Meth, mesethmoid; N, nasal; Pfr, prefrontal; Pm, premaxilla; vNC/M, groove for common and medial nasal vein.	2025-01-09	Kuzmin, Ivan T.;Sichinava, Ekaterina A.;Mazur, Evgeniia V.;Gombolevskiy, Victor A.;Sennikov, Andrey G.;Skutschas, Pavel P.		Zenodo	biologists	Kuzmin, Ivan T.;Sichinava, Ekaterina A.;Mazur, Evgeniia V.;Gombolevskiy, Victor A.;Sennikov, Andrey G.;Skutschas, Pavel P.			
03D487C19F38C90DFC311BFDFD56FDDF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14834650/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14834650	Figure 11. Anatomy of laterosphenoid of Paralligator. A–C, PIN 3141/501, left laterosphenoid in lateral (A), medial (B), and posterior (C) views.D–K, PIN 3141/502, photographs (D, I) and CT-based 3D models of non-transparent (E, F, H, J) and semi-transparent (G, K) left laterosphenoid with endocasts of relevant neurovascular and pneumatic structures, in lateral (D, E), posterior (F, G), ventral (H), and medial (I, J, K) views. Abbreviations: AntCr, antotic crest; AntP, anterior process; CapP, capitate process; CBr, caudal bridge; CerFos, cerebral fossa; CN III, notch for oculomotor nerve; CN IV, trochlear nerve; CN V, foramen and fossa for trigeminal nerve; CN V1, CN V2, CN Vso, grooves and canals for ophthalmic, maxillary and supraorbital branches of trigeminal nerve; CotCr, cotylar crest; FrFac, frontal facet; LBr, lateral bridge; LsB, laterosphenoid body; LsPR, laterosphenoid pneumatic recess; mPTPp, attachment of M. pseudotemporalis profundus; PaFac, parietal facet; PorP, postorbital process; ProFac, prootic facet; QFac, quadrate facet; SP, slender process; TCr, tensor crest.	Figure 11. Anatomy of laterosphenoid of Paralligator. A–C, PIN 3141/501, left laterosphenoid in lateral (A), medial (B), and posterior (C) views.D–K, PIN 3141/502, photographs (D, I) and CT-based 3D models of non-transparent (E, F, H, J) and semi-transparent (G, K) left laterosphenoid with endocasts of relevant neurovascular and pneumatic structures, in lateral (D, E), posterior (F, G), ventral (H), and medial (I, J, K) views. Abbreviations: AntCr, antotic crest; AntP, anterior process; CapP, capitate process; CBr, caudal bridge; CerFos, cerebral fossa; CN III, notch for oculomotor nerve; CN IV, trochlear nerve; CN V, foramen and fossa for trigeminal nerve; CN V1, CN V2, CN Vso, grooves and canals for ophthalmic, maxillary and supraorbital branches of trigeminal nerve; CotCr, cotylar crest; FrFac, frontal facet; LBr, lateral bridge; LsB, laterosphenoid body; LsPR, laterosphenoid pneumatic recess; mPTPp, attachment of M. pseudotemporalis profundus; PaFac, parietal facet; PorP, postorbital process; ProFac, prootic facet; QFac, quadrate facet; SP, slender process; TCr, tensor crest.	2025-01-09	Kuzmin, Ivan T.;Sichinava, Ekaterina A.;Mazur, Evgeniia V.;Gombolevskiy, Victor A.;Sennikov, Andrey G.;Skutschas, Pavel P.		Zenodo	biologists	Kuzmin, Ivan T.;Sichinava, Ekaterina A.;Mazur, Evgeniia V.;Gombolevskiy, Victor A.;Sennikov, Andrey G.;Skutschas, Pavel P.			
03D487C19F38C90DFC311BFDFD56FDDF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14834652/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14834652	Figure 12.Anatomy of prootic and supraoccipital of Paralligator PIN 3141/501. A–E, left prootic in lateral (A), medial (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D), and oblique ventral (E) views. F–I, right prootic in lateral (F), medial (G), posterior (H), and ventral (I) views.J–K, supraoccipital in posterior (J) and ventral (K) views.L, photograph of posterior braincase piece of PIN 3141/501, in posterior view.Abbreviations:AIP, anterior inferior process; ASC, anterior semicircular canal; ASP, anterior superior process; CN V, foramen and fossa for trigeminal nerve; CN VII, foramen for facial nerve; CN VIII, foramen for anterior branch of vestibulocochlear nerve; CochR, cochlear recess; DLam, dorsal lamina; DLLam, dorsolateral lamina; Int/PCF, foramen for communication of intertympanic and parietal pneumatic recesses; IntPR, intertympanic pneumatic recess; LCochB, lateral bulge of cochlear prominence; LsFac, laterosphenoid facet; MCochB, medial bulge of cochlear prominence; Oto, otoccipital; OtoFac, otoccipital facet; Pa, parietal; PaFac, parietal facet; PLam, posterior lamina; POcP, postoccipital process; ProB, prootic buttress; ProPR, prootic facial pneumatic recess; PtFac, pterygoid facet; QFac, quadrate facet; SN, foramen for sympathetic nerve; So, supraoccipital; SoFac, supraoccipital facet; Sq, squamosal; VestR, vestibular recess.	Figure 12.Anatomy of prootic and supraoccipital of Paralligator PIN 3141/501. A–E, left prootic in lateral (A), medial (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D), and oblique ventral (E) views. F–I, right prootic in lateral (F), medial (G), posterior (H), and ventral (I) views.J–K, supraoccipital in posterior (J) and ventral (K) views.L, photograph of posterior braincase piece of PIN 3141/501, in posterior view.Abbreviations:AIP, anterior inferior process; ASC, anterior semicircular canal; ASP, anterior superior process; CN V, foramen and fossa for trigeminal nerve; CN VII, foramen for facial nerve; CN VIII, foramen for anterior branch of vestibulocochlear nerve; CochR, cochlear recess; DLam, dorsal lamina; DLLam, dorsolateral lamina; Int/PCF, foramen for communication of intertympanic and parietal pneumatic recesses; IntPR, intertympanic pneumatic recess; LCochB, lateral bulge of cochlear prominence; LsFac, laterosphenoid facet; MCochB, medial bulge of cochlear prominence; Oto, otoccipital; OtoFac, otoccipital facet; Pa, parietal; PaFac, parietal facet; PLam, posterior lamina; POcP, postoccipital process; ProB, prootic buttress; ProPR, prootic facial pneumatic recess; PtFac, pterygoid facet; QFac, quadrate facet; SN, foramen for sympathetic nerve; So, supraoccipital; SoFac, supraoccipital facet; Sq, squamosal; VestR, vestibular recess.	2025-01-09	Kuzmin, Ivan T.;Sichinava, Ekaterina A.;Mazur, Evgeniia V.;Gombolevskiy, Victor A.;Sennikov, Andrey G.;Skutschas, Pavel P.		Zenodo	biologists	Kuzmin, Ivan T.;Sichinava, Ekaterina A.;Mazur, Evgeniia V.;Gombolevskiy, Victor A.;Sennikov, Andrey G.;Skutschas, Pavel P.			
03D487C19F38C90DFC311BFDFD56FDDF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14834656/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14834656	Figure 13. Anatomy of otoccipital of Paralligator PIN 3141/501. A–C, left otoccipital in anterior (A), posterior (B), and medial (C) views. D–F, right otoccipital in anterior (D), posterior (E), and medial (F) views. Abbreviations: aCC, foramen for cerebral carotid artery; AVP, anteroventral process; BoFac, basioccipital facet; CN IX-X + SN, common foramen for glossopharyngeal, vagus and sympathetic nerves; CN XII, foramina for hypoglossal nerve; CQP, cranioquadrate passage; ECB, extracapsular buttress; FM, foramen magnum; MF, metotic foramen; OcA, occipital arch; OtoFac, otoccipital facet; OtoPR, otoccipital pneumatic recess; PbsFac, parabasisphenoid facet; PL, perilymphatic loop; POP, paroccipital process; ProFac, prootic facet; QFac, quadrate facet; RhPR, rhomboidal pneumatic recess; SoFac, supraoccipital facet; SqFac, squamosal facet; VLP, ventrolateral process.	Figure 13. Anatomy of otoccipital of Paralligator PIN 3141/501. A–C, left otoccipital in anterior (A), posterior (B), and medial (C) views. D–F, right otoccipital in anterior (D), posterior (E), and medial (F) views. Abbreviations: aCC, foramen for cerebral carotid artery; AVP, anteroventral process; BoFac, basioccipital facet; CN IX-X + SN, common foramen for glossopharyngeal, vagus and sympathetic nerves; CN XII, foramina for hypoglossal nerve; CQP, cranioquadrate passage; ECB, extracapsular buttress; FM, foramen magnum; MF, metotic foramen; OcA, occipital arch; OtoFac, otoccipital facet; OtoPR, otoccipital pneumatic recess; PbsFac, parabasisphenoid facet; PL, perilymphatic loop; POP, paroccipital process; ProFac, prootic facet; QFac, quadrate facet; RhPR, rhomboidal pneumatic recess; SoFac, supraoccipital facet; SqFac, squamosal facet; VLP, ventrolateral process.	2025-01-09	Kuzmin, Ivan T.;Sichinava, Ekaterina A.;Mazur, Evgeniia V.;Gombolevskiy, Victor A.;Sennikov, Andrey G.;Skutschas, Pavel P.		Zenodo	biologists	Kuzmin, Ivan T.;Sichinava, Ekaterina A.;Mazur, Evgeniia V.;Gombolevskiy, Victor A.;Sennikov, Andrey G.;Skutschas, Pavel P.			
03D487C19F38C90DFC311BFDFD56FDDF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14834634/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14834634	Figure 3. Isolated partial supraoccipital and parietal of Paralligator PIN 3726/503, in dorsal (A, B), posterior (C, D), and ventral (E, F) views. A, C, E, CT-based segmented 3D models. B, D, F, photographs.Abbreviations: Fr, frontal; IntPR, intertympanic pneumatic recess; OtoFac, otoccipital facet; Pa, parietal; POcP, postoccipital process; PPR, parietal pneumatic recess; So, supraoccipital.	Figure 3. Isolated partial supraoccipital and parietal of Paralligator PIN 3726/503, in dorsal (A, B), posterior (C, D), and ventral (E, F) views. A, C, E, CT-based segmented 3D models. B, D, F, photographs.Abbreviations: Fr, frontal; IntPR, intertympanic pneumatic recess; OtoFac, otoccipital facet; Pa, parietal; POcP, postoccipital process; PPR, parietal pneumatic recess; So, supraoccipital.	2025-01-09	Kuzmin, Ivan T.;Sichinava, Ekaterina A.;Mazur, Evgeniia V.;Gombolevskiy, Victor A.;Sennikov, Andrey G.;Skutschas, Pavel P.		Zenodo	biologists	Kuzmin, Ivan T.;Sichinava, Ekaterina A.;Mazur, Evgeniia V.;Gombolevskiy, Victor A.;Sennikov, Andrey G.;Skutschas, Pavel P.			
03D487C19F38C90DFC311BFDFD56FDDF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14834658/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14834658	Figure 14. Anatomy of basioccipital and parabasisphenoid of Paralligator PIN 3141/501. A–C, basioccipital in posterior (A), anterior (B), and dorsal (C) views.D–G, parabasisphenoid in anterior (D), posterior (E), left lateral (F), and dorsal (G) views.Abbreviations:aCC, foramen for cerebral carotid artery; AlP, alar process; BoFac, basioccipital facet; BoPR, basioccipital pneumatic recess; BoTub, basioccipital tuberosities; CN VI, foramen for abducens nerve; CN VIIpl, foramen/groove for palatine branch of facial nerve; Con, occipital condyle; DsLam, descending lamina; Endo, endocranial surface; EtPR, pneumatic recessus epitubaricus; HypFos, hypophyseal fossa; LsFac, laterosphenoid facet; MPh, median pharyngeal pneumatic canal; OtoFac, otoccipital facet; PbsFac, parabasisphenoid facet; PhT, pharyngotympanic canal; ProFac, prootic facet; PtFac, pterygoid facet; QFac, quadrate facet; R, rostrum; RPR, rostral pneumatic recess; SCr, sagittal crest.	Figure 14. Anatomy of basioccipital and parabasisphenoid of Paralligator PIN 3141/501. A–C, basioccipital in posterior (A), anterior (B), and dorsal (C) views.D–G, parabasisphenoid in anterior (D), posterior (E), left lateral (F), and dorsal (G) views.Abbreviations:aCC, foramen for cerebral carotid artery; AlP, alar process; BoFac, basioccipital facet; BoPR, basioccipital pneumatic recess; BoTub, basioccipital tuberosities; CN VI, foramen for abducens nerve; CN VIIpl, foramen/groove for palatine branch of facial nerve; Con, occipital condyle; DsLam, descending lamina; Endo, endocranial surface; EtPR, pneumatic recessus epitubaricus; HypFos, hypophyseal fossa; LsFac, laterosphenoid facet; MPh, median pharyngeal pneumatic canal; OtoFac, otoccipital facet; PbsFac, parabasisphenoid facet; PhT, pharyngotympanic canal; ProFac, prootic facet; PtFac, pterygoid facet; QFac, quadrate facet; R, rostrum; RPR, rostral pneumatic recess; SCr, sagittal crest.	2025-01-09	Kuzmin, Ivan T.;Sichinava, Ekaterina A.;Mazur, Evgeniia V.;Gombolevskiy, Victor A.;Sennikov, Andrey G.;Skutschas, Pavel P.		Zenodo	biologists	Kuzmin, Ivan T.;Sichinava, Ekaterina A.;Mazur, Evgeniia V.;Gombolevskiy, Victor A.;Sennikov, Andrey G.;Skutschas, Pavel P.			
03D487C19F38C90DFC311BFDFD56FDDF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14834660/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14834660	Figure 15. Anatomy of quadrate of Paralligator PIN 3141/501. Right quadrate in anterior (A), posterior (B), dorsal (C), medial (D), and oblique ventrolateral (E) views. Abbreviations: AdP, anterodorsal process; AmP, anteromedial process; CN V, foramen for trigeminal nerve; CrA, muscular crest A; CrA’, muscular crest A’; CrB, muscular crest B; DCr, dorsal crest; FAe, foramen aereum for pneumatic siphonium; InfPR, infundibular pneumatic recess; LC, lateral condyle; LG, longitudinal groove; LsFac, laterosphenoid facet; MBQ, main body of quadrate; MC, medial condyle; OtB, otic buttress; OtoFac, otoccipital facet; OtP, otic process; PbsFac, parabasisphenoid facet; PhTFos, pharyngotympanic pneumatic fossa; PotFos, periotic fossa; ProFac, prootic facet; PtP, pterygoid process; QjFac, quadratojugal facet; QPR, quadrate pneumatic recess; SF, subtympanic foramen; Siph, pneumatic siphonium; SqFac, squamosal facet; STF, supratemporal fenestra/fossa.	Figure 15. Anatomy of quadrate of Paralligator PIN 3141/501. Right quadrate in anterior (A), posterior (B), dorsal (C), medial (D), and oblique ventrolateral (E) views. Abbreviations: AdP, anterodorsal process; AmP, anteromedial process; CN V, foramen for trigeminal nerve; CrA, muscular crest A; CrA’, muscular crest A’; CrB, muscular crest B; DCr, dorsal crest; FAe, foramen aereum for pneumatic siphonium; InfPR, infundibular pneumatic recess; LC, lateral condyle; LG, longitudinal groove; LsFac, laterosphenoid facet; MBQ, main body of quadrate; MC, medial condyle; OtB, otic buttress; OtoFac, otoccipital facet; OtP, otic process; PbsFac, parabasisphenoid facet; PhTFos, pharyngotympanic pneumatic fossa; PotFos, periotic fossa; ProFac, prootic facet; PtP, pterygoid process; QjFac, quadratojugal facet; QPR, quadrate pneumatic recess; SF, subtympanic foramen; Siph, pneumatic siphonium; SqFac, squamosal facet; STF, supratemporal fenestra/fossa.	2025-01-09	Kuzmin, Ivan T.;Sichinava, Ekaterina A.;Mazur, Evgeniia V.;Gombolevskiy, Victor A.;Sennikov, Andrey G.;Skutschas, Pavel P.		Zenodo	biologists	Kuzmin, Ivan T.;Sichinava, Ekaterina A.;Mazur, Evgeniia V.;Gombolevskiy, Victor A.;Sennikov, Andrey G.;Skutschas, Pavel P.			
03D487C19F38C90DFC311BFDFD56FDDF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14834662/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14834662	Figure 16. Endocranial anatomy of Paralligator gradilifrons PIN 554-1/1. CT-based 3D models of cranial endocast with endosseous labyrinths of inner ear in dorsal (A), lateral (B, D), and ventral (C) views. (B) and (D) mirrored from right side. Abbreviations: aCC, cerebral carotid artery; Cbl, cerebellum; Cer, cerebral hemisphere; CF, cephalic flexure; CN V, trigeminal nerve; CN V1, CN V2, CN V2-so, CN V3, ophthalmic, maxillary, supraorbital, and mandibular branches of trigeminal nerve; CN VI, abducens nerve; CN IX-X + SN, common canal for glossopharyngeal, vagus, and sympathetic nerves; CN XII, hypoglossal nerve; Hyp, hypophysis; Lab, endosseous labyrinth; Mb, midbrain; Mo, medulla oblongata; OB, olfactory bulb; OT, olfactory tract; PF, pontine flexure; SN, sympathetic nerve; Th/Hth, thalamic/hypothalamic portion; VsC, vascular canal.	Figure 16. Endocranial anatomy of Paralligator gradilifrons PIN 554-1/1. CT-based 3D models of cranial endocast with endosseous labyrinths of inner ear in dorsal (A), lateral (B, D), and ventral (C) views. (B) and (D) mirrored from right side. Abbreviations: aCC, cerebral carotid artery; Cbl, cerebellum; Cer, cerebral hemisphere; CF, cephalic flexure; CN V, trigeminal nerve; CN V1, CN V2, CN V2-so, CN V3, ophthalmic, maxillary, supraorbital, and mandibular branches of trigeminal nerve; CN VI, abducens nerve; CN IX-X + SN, common canal for glossopharyngeal, vagus, and sympathetic nerves; CN XII, hypoglossal nerve; Hyp, hypophysis; Lab, endosseous labyrinth; Mb, midbrain; Mo, medulla oblongata; OB, olfactory bulb; OT, olfactory tract; PF, pontine flexure; SN, sympathetic nerve; Th/Hth, thalamic/hypothalamic portion; VsC, vascular canal.	2025-01-09	Kuzmin, Ivan T.;Sichinava, Ekaterina A.;Mazur, Evgeniia V.;Gombolevskiy, Victor A.;Sennikov, Andrey G.;Skutschas, Pavel P.		Zenodo	biologists	Kuzmin, Ivan T.;Sichinava, Ekaterina A.;Mazur, Evgeniia V.;Gombolevskiy, Victor A.;Sennikov, Andrey G.;Skutschas, Pavel P.			
03D487C19F38C90DFC311BFDFD56FDDF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14834664/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14834664	Figure 17. Anatomy of paratympanic pneumatic system, temporal canal, and cranioquadrate passage of Paralligator gradilifrons PIN 554- 1/1. CT-based 3D models in anterior (A), oblique anterolateral (B), and posterior (C) views. (B) mirrored from left side.Abbreviations: ATF, anterior temporal foramen; BoPR, basioccipital recess; CQP, cranioquadrate passage; EAM, external auditory meatus; EtPR, recessus epitubaricus; InfPR, infundibular recess; IntPR, intertympanic recess; LsPR, laterosphenoid recess; MPh, median pharyngeal canal; OtoPR, otoccipital recess; PbsPR, parabasisphenoid recess; PhT, pharyngotympanic canal; PhTPR (MEC), pharyngotympanic (middle ear) cavity; PPR, parietal recess; ProPR, prootic facial recess;?PtPR, pterygoid recess; QPR, quadrate recess; RhPR, rhomboidal recess; Siph (QPR), pneumatic siphonium (extension of quadrate recess); TC, temporal canal.	Figure 17. Anatomy of paratympanic pneumatic system, temporal canal, and cranioquadrate passage of Paralligator gradilifrons PIN 554- 1/1. CT-based 3D models in anterior (A), oblique anterolateral (B), and posterior (C) views. (B) mirrored from left side.Abbreviations: ATF, anterior temporal foramen; BoPR, basioccipital recess; CQP, cranioquadrate passage; EAM, external auditory meatus; EtPR, recessus epitubaricus; InfPR, infundibular recess; IntPR, intertympanic recess; LsPR, laterosphenoid recess; MPh, median pharyngeal canal; OtoPR, otoccipital recess; PbsPR, parabasisphenoid recess; PhT, pharyngotympanic canal; PhTPR (MEC), pharyngotympanic (middle ear) cavity; PPR, parietal recess; ProPR, prootic facial recess;?PtPR, pterygoid recess; QPR, quadrate recess; RhPR, rhomboidal recess; Siph (QPR), pneumatic siphonium (extension of quadrate recess); TC, temporal canal.	2025-01-09	Kuzmin, Ivan T.;Sichinava, Ekaterina A.;Mazur, Evgeniia V.;Gombolevskiy, Victor A.;Sennikov, Andrey G.;Skutschas, Pavel P.		Zenodo	biologists	Kuzmin, Ivan T.;Sichinava, Ekaterina A.;Mazur, Evgeniia V.;Gombolevskiy, Victor A.;Sennikov, Andrey G.;Skutschas, Pavel P.			
03D487C19F38C90DFC311BFDFD56FDDF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14834666/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14834666	Figure 18. Endocranial anatomy of Paralligator PIN 3141/501. A–B, CT-based 3D models of cranial endocast with endosseous labyrinth of inner ear in right lateral (A) and ventral (B) views. C–E, CT-based 3D models of paratympanic pneumatic system in anterior (C), ventral (D), and posterior (E) views. Abbreviations: aCC, cerebral carotid artery; BoPR, basioccipital recess; CN V, trigeminal nerve; CN V1, ophthalmic branch of trigeminal nerve; CN VI, abducens nerve; CN VII, facial nerve; CN VIIpl, palatine branch of facial nerve; CN VIII, anterior branch of vestibulocochlear nerve; CN IX-X + SN, common canal for glossopharyngeal, vagus, and sympathetic nerves; CN XII, hypoglossal nerve; EtPR, recessus epitubaricus; Hyp, hypophysis; InfPR, infundibular recess; IntPR, intertympanic recess; Lab, endosseous labyrinth; LsPR, laterosphenoid recess; Mo, medulla oblongata; MPh, median pharyngeal canal; OtoPR, otoccipital recess; PbsPR, parabasisphenoid recess; PhT, pharyngotympanic canal; PhTPR (MEC), pharyngotympanic (middle ear) cavity; ProPR, prootic facial recess; PsPR, presiphonial recess; PtPR, pterygoid recess; QPR, quadrate recess; RhPR, rhomboidal recess; RPR, rostral recess; ScPR, subcarotid recess; SF, subtympanic foramen; Siph, pneumatic siphonium; SN, sympathetic nerve; VsC, vascular canal.	Figure 18. Endocranial anatomy of Paralligator PIN 3141/501. A–B, CT-based 3D models of cranial endocast with endosseous labyrinth of inner ear in right lateral (A) and ventral (B) views. C–E, CT-based 3D models of paratympanic pneumatic system in anterior (C), ventral (D), and posterior (E) views. Abbreviations: aCC, cerebral carotid artery; BoPR, basioccipital recess; CN V, trigeminal nerve; CN V1, ophthalmic branch of trigeminal nerve; CN VI, abducens nerve; CN VII, facial nerve; CN VIIpl, palatine branch of facial nerve; CN VIII, anterior branch of vestibulocochlear nerve; CN IX-X + SN, common canal for glossopharyngeal, vagus, and sympathetic nerves; CN XII, hypoglossal nerve; EtPR, recessus epitubaricus; Hyp, hypophysis; InfPR, infundibular recess; IntPR, intertympanic recess; Lab, endosseous labyrinth; LsPR, laterosphenoid recess; Mo, medulla oblongata; MPh, median pharyngeal canal; OtoPR, otoccipital recess; PbsPR, parabasisphenoid recess; PhT, pharyngotympanic canal; PhTPR (MEC), pharyngotympanic (middle ear) cavity; ProPR, prootic facial recess; PsPR, presiphonial recess; PtPR, pterygoid recess; QPR, quadrate recess; RhPR, rhomboidal recess; RPR, rostral recess; ScPR, subcarotid recess; SF, subtympanic foramen; Siph, pneumatic siphonium; SN, sympathetic nerve; VsC, vascular canal.	2025-01-09	Kuzmin, Ivan T.;Sichinava, Ekaterina A.;Mazur, Evgeniia V.;Gombolevskiy, Victor A.;Sennikov, Andrey G.;Skutschas, Pavel P.		Zenodo	biologists	Kuzmin, Ivan T.;Sichinava, Ekaterina A.;Mazur, Evgeniia V.;Gombolevskiy, Victor A.;Sennikov, Andrey G.;Skutschas, Pavel P.			
