identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03DC87BB5B636C24BEAFFA6D9E73B0AE.text	03DC87BB5B636C24BEAFFA6D9E73B0AE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cicadettinae Buckton 1890	<div><p>Subfamily  Cicadettinae Buckton, 1890</p><p>Cicadetta Buckton 1890: xxxiv. (Listed as Sub-Family in synoptic tree)</p><p>Type genus.  Cicada (Cicadetta) Kolenati 1857: 417 .</p><p>Remarks. All three specimens of the proposed new species have a metanotum that is partially visible at the dorsal midline, the fore wing cubitus posterior and anal vein 1 are partially fused, the hindwing radius posterior and median veins are fused at their bases, the distal end of the hindwing cubital cell 1 is wider than the distal end of cubital cell 2, male opercula are not distinctive S-shape with a deeply concave lateral margin, the timbal cavity lacks a timbal cover, there is an undeveloped distal shoulder on the pygofer, a pygofer upper lobe is present, the uncus is absent, claspers are present and well developed, the aedeagus is restrain by claspers, and there are no lateral lobes at the thecal apex. These are all characteristic features of the subfamily  Cicadettinae (Marshall et al. 2018; Sanborn et al. 2020).</p><p>The structures of the genitalia in several  Cicadettinae tribes and genera have been confused historically (see discussion in Sanborn et al. 2020) leading to confusion in the assignment of species to higher taxa. The uncus is a posterior extension originating from the median portion of the anal tube and supports the theca below it (see Figs. 14, 15, 22 and 23 in Moulds 2005 and Fig. 10 in Marshall et al. 2018). In contrast, the claspers are paired structures which independently originate laterally to where an uncus would originate and encircle or supports the theca between them (see Figs. 16, 17, 19 and 20 in Moulds 2005 and Figs. 11 and 12 in Marshall et al. 2018). Although some species of  Carineta and  Dorachosa appear to have an uncus, there is a longitudinal suture on the midline of any posterior extension beyond the anal tube (as in the new species identified here) and the structures originate beneath and lateral to the anal tube. This supports the interpretation that these posterior extensions are formed from the claspers approaching one another from the sides rather than being formed as a single posterior extension which forms an uncus. Claspers reach varying lengths towards the midline in different species with many showing a clear separation between the claspers where an uncus would be found (e.g. Fig. 11 of  Carineta diardi (Guérin-Méneville, 1829) in Marshall et al. 2018; Sanborn 2020a, b, c, d, e). The uncus-like structure may also be separated from the posterior anal tube and there is always a suture between two components if there is an extension beyond the anal tube. For these reasons, the genera of  Carinetini are considered to possess claspers and lack an uncus.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DC87BB5B636C24BEAFFA6D9E73B0AE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanborn, Allen F.	Sanborn, Allen F. (2024): Redescription of Carinetini Distant, 1905 (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae) including a key to the genera, three new species, two new combinations, a new record and comments on the taxonomic position of the genus Paranistria Metcalf, 1952. Journal of Insect Biodiversity 59 (1): 11-32, DOI: 10.12976/jib/2024.59.1.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.12976/jib/2024.59.1.2
03DC87BB5B636C27BEAFFB319839B465.text	03DC87BB5B636C27BEAFFB319839B465.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cicadidae Batsch 1789	<div><p>Family  Cicadidae Batsch, 1789</p><p>Remarks. The International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature published a correction to Opinion 2475 (ICZN 2023) showing that Batsch (1789) is the authority of  Cicadidae over the previously cited Latreille (1802).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DC87BB5B636C27BEAFFB319839B465	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanborn, Allen F.	Sanborn, Allen F. (2024): Redescription of Carinetini Distant, 1905 (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae) including a key to the genera, three new species, two new combinations, a new record and comments on the taxonomic position of the genus Paranistria Metcalf, 1952. Journal of Insect Biodiversity 59 (1): 11-32, DOI: 10.12976/jib/2024.59.1.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.12976/jib/2024.59.1.2
03DC87BB5B606C22BEAFFE5B98B7B53D.text	03DC87BB5B606C22BEAFFE5B98B7B53D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Carinetini Distant 1905	<div><p>Tribe  Carinetini Distant, 1905a</p><p>Carinetaria Distant 1905a: 483.</p><p>Type genus.  Carineta Amyot &amp; Audinet-Serville 1843: 482 .</p><p>Remarks.  Carinetini was defined using seven general characters when it was erected including some contradictory characters (e.g. hyaline but possibly semi-opaque or infuscated fore wings, and only fore wings variable in coloration but the type species of the type genus has infuscated hindwings and immediately after forming the tribe he described one new species with infuscated hindwings and another with semi-opaque hindwings) (Distant 1905a) (see complete original description below). There were four genera originally included in the tribe, one from China (which is now classified in a different subfamily), one from Africa, and two (including the nominotypical genus) from the Neotropics (Distant 1905a). Since that time, four additional Neotropical genera have been added to the tribe (see summary in Marshall et al. 2018). The inclusion of the African genus is questionable and re-evaluated here based on its morphology.</p><p>The African genus  Paranistria Metcalf, 1952 (nom. nov. pro  Tympanistria Stål, 1861: 619 nec  Tympanistria Reichenbach, 1852: XXV) is currently the only genus of the  Carinetini not inhabiting the Neotropical region. Although the two remaining species of  Paranistria have general characteristics of the  Carinetini as the tribe was originally described, the laterally expanding central abdomen and large lateral angles of the pronotal collar in  Paranistria species are distinctly different than the tapering abdomen and non-ampliate lateral pronotal margin used as defining characteristics of the  Carinetini (Distant 1905a) . Investigating the placement of the genus, and what appear to be related African genera, leads to a series of conflicting data in determining a final tribal assignment for the genus.</p><p>Boulard (1990) reassigned  Paranistria fornicata (Linnaeus, 1758) to  Zouga Distant, 1906b and incorrectly synonymized  Neomuda Distant, 1920 into  Zouga . These changes were done without discussion in footnotes to the paper. Stephen (2021) suggested that  Paranistria is a junior synonym of  Neomuda Distant, 1920 but did not perform a detailed analysis nor make an official change under the Code. This leads to a problem in that the two genera that have been suggested to be closely related to  Paranistria are currently assigned to two different tribes.</p><p>Zouga is currently classified in  Parnisini Distant 1905b while  Neomuda is currently assigned to  Lamotialnini Boulard, 1976 . Specimens from neither genus (nor any of the related genera) were available for the family level genetic analysis of Marshall et al. (2018) so the tribal assignment of these genera could not be confirmed with the genetic tests. The more recent genetic analysis of Owen et al. (2022) placed  Zouga between genera of  Chlorocystini Distant, 1905b and  Katoini Moulds &amp; Marshall (in Marshall et al. 2018), 2018 and separated from the  Parnisini genus included in that analysis. It has already been suggested that  Parnisini may be an unnatural grouping of genera and some of the African genera may be incorrectly included in the  Lamotialnini (Marshall et al. 2018) .</p><p>There are several African genera related to  Paranistria that are currently classified in either  Parnisini or  Lamotialnini . These genera may require a new tribe based on the current data available but genetic analyses appear to be required to determine the final details as to how these genera are related to each other and the tribes to which they are currently assigned (M. Villet, personal communication).</p><p>Based on images of a junior synonym ( Carineta leuconeura Walker, 1850) of  Zouga (formerly  Paranistria)  fornicata and  Paranistria trichiosoma Walker, 1850, the general morphology supports the reassignment of  Paranistria to the  Parnisini . The eyes do not project distinctly beyond the anterior angles of pronotum and the length between the apex of the head and the posterior of the cruciform elevation is longer than the length of the abdomen, all the defining characteristics of  Parnisini given by Distant (1905b). The anterolateral vertex is shorter than the supra-antennal plate, fore wing cubitus anterior 1 vein is divided by the crossvein so that the distal portion is longest, the hindwing anal vein 3 does not curve at the distal end, the hindwing anal lobe is narrow, abdominal tergites 2 expands laterally and tergites 2 and 3 are wider than tergites 4–7, all of which contradict the characteristics of  Lamotialnini (Marshall et al. 2018) . As a result, the genus  Paranistria Metcalf, 1952 is reassigned to  Parnisini Distant 1905b here to align the genus with the majority of related African genera and the species ( Zouga fornicata) that was once assigned to  Paranistria .</p><p>This would not be the first example of genera assigned by Distant to a tribe from multiple geographic regions that have been reassigned with morphologically more closely related taxa in a more suitable tribe. For example, the  Taphurini Distant, 1905c is now a tribe restricted to the Neotropical region that included genera with a worldwide distribution for most of its history (Marshall et al. 2018; Sanborn 2021a). In fact, Distant (1905c) mistakenly assigned a current member of the  Carinetini to the  Tibicinini Distant, 1905c of the  Tibicininae Distant, 1905d when the genus  Ahomana Distant, 1905b was described. It remained in the wrong tribe for more than 100 years before being reassigned to  Carinetini (Sanborn 2014a) . Although the assignment of some genera has been updated, Distant is commended for tackling the entire group and forming taxa which significantly helped to organize how cicadas were classified in order to produce the first synonymic catalogue of cicadas (Distant 1906a).</p><p>Included genera.  Ahomana Distant, 1905c,  Carineta Amyot &amp; Audinet-Serville, 1843,  Guaranisaria Distant, 1905e,  Dorachosa Distant, 1892b,  Novemcella Goding, 1925, and  Toulgoetalna Boulard, 1982 .</p><p>Diagnosis. The tribe was erected based on the following set of characters: a pronotum that is shorter than the mesonotum and distinctly narrowed anteriorly with oblique lateral pronotal margins that are not ampliate, a more or less robust body narrowed towards the head and apex of the abdomen, and hyaline fore wings and hindwings although the fore wings may be semi-opaque or infuscated (Distant 1905a). This generalized set of characters is no longer sufficient to distinguish members of the tribe so a more detailed diagnosis is provided here to compliment more recent tribal descriptions (e. g. Marshall et al. 2018).</p><p>Head including eyes narrow, less than width across lateral pronotal angles, may be wider or narrower than mesonotum; supra-antennal plates extending about half distance to eye; eyes protruding laterally from head; lateral ocelli widely spaced, distance between lateral ocelli about the distance between each lateral ocellus and eye; postclypeus dorsal length as long as or longer than dorsal vertex; postclypeus apex rounded in lateral view; postclypeus rounded in transverse cross section below head. Pronotum shorter than mesonotum, generally narrowed anteriorly with oblique lateral pronotal margins (lateral margins parallel in  Toulgoetalna); weakly developed paranota on lateral pronotal collar, adpressed to pronotal sclerites; mid lateral tooth absent. Mesonotum and metanotum lacking auxiliary soundproducing structures (a few genital stridulatory organs in  Carineta); scutellum cruciform. Opercula size species specific, ranging from small, finger-like extension covering part of tympanal cavity to inflated structure extending over anterior abdominal sternites completely concealing tympanal cavity; meracanthus well developed, triangular, not encapsulated completely by operculum. Fore leg femora with three well developed spines and small apical spine; hindcoxae lacking a large inner protuberance. Fore wings and hindwings generally hyaline, partially semi-opaque, infuscated or bronzed in some species. Fore wing pterostigma present; costal vein about twice the width of and contiguous to radius + subcostal vein; radius anterior vein 1 diverging from subcostal vein at distal node; fore wing median and cubitus anterior veins unfused and widely separated at basal cell; fore wing cubitus posterior and anal vein 1 partially fused; fore wing cubitus anterior vein 1 divided by mediocubital crossvein so that proximal section shortest. Hindwing distal end of cubital cell 1 wider than distal end of cubital cell 2, ranging from slightly longer to as much as five times longer; hindwing radius posterior and median veins fused at their bases. Male abdominal tergites with sides convex in cross section; anterior tergites parallel (male tergites 2–4 significantly constricted in  Toulgoetalna); tergites 4–7 tapering to genitalia; epipleurites not reflexed to ventral surface. Timbals extend below level of wing bases; timbal covers absent, partially turned back ridge on posterior timbal cavity in some  Carineta . Pygofer dorsal beak present; distal shoulder undeveloped; upper lobe present; basal lobe well developed, basal lobe appendages can be elaborate in some species. Uncus absent; claspers present, may be well developed, claspers may meet posterior to the anal tube giving the appearance of an uncus with a median suture. Aedeagus with simple theca, restrained by claspers; conjunctival claws absent; pseudoparameres absent.</p><p>Distinguishing features. Members of the  Carinetini can be distinguished from the remaining  Cicadettinae tribes by having a combination of the following characteristics: a head not as wide as the lateral angles of the pronotal collar, the supra-antennal plate extends about half the distance to the eye, the lack of a ventrally angularly swollen postclypeus, pronotal margins that are not laterally ampliate, cruciform elevation not very narrow but of normal proportion, the fore wing costal margin is not widest at the node, fore wing radius anterior 1 vein not diverging distally from subcosta, fore wing hind margin not very narrow but of normal proportion, subapical portion of male opercula not enlarged towards the body, the abdominal length is about the same as the distance between the apex of the postclypeus and the posterior cruciform elevation, the male abdomen with parallel sides at the base, is not inflated, does not have a circular crosssection, and lacks a dorsal crest, timbals that extend below the wing bases, the presence of a dorsal beak, the anal tube lacks lateral lobes, the upper pygofer lobe is not superimposed over the basal pygofer lobe and not positioned on the distal half of the pygofer, the basal pygofer lobe does not originate in the distal half of the pygofer, the presence of ornamented basal pygofer appendages, the theca lack pseudoparameres, and the aedeagus that is not S-shaped, not apically bifurcated, or possessing several apical and subapical processes or conjunctival claws.</p><p>Distribution. With the reassignment of the South African genus above, the tribe includes only Neotropical genera with species distributed from Mexico in the north to Argentina, Chile, and Uruguay in the south with additional representatives in both the Greater and Lesser Antilles of the Caribbean. Species of  Carinetini have been reported from Argentina, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Honduras, Martinique, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Trinidad, Uruguay, and Venezuela (Goding 1925; Boulard 1982; Sanborn 2001, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2011b, 2014a, 2014b, 2018, 2019a, 2020a, b, c, d, e, 2021b, 2023, 2024a, 2024b; Sanborn &amp; Heath 2014; Sanborn &amp; Maes 2012; Nunes et al. 2023). A lack of collection effort is probably responsible for the only two South American countries (Guyana and Suriname) where representatives of the tribe have not been reported since  Carinetini are well represented in neighboring countries (e.g. Sanborn 2020d, f, 2023; Nunes et al. 2023).</p><p>Key to the genera of  Carinetini Distant, 1905a . The remaining genera comprising the  Carinetini include some of the most species rich genera in the New World as well as some monospecific genera.</p><p>1 Fore wing with nine apical cells.................................................................................................................  Novemcella Goding, 1925</p><p>- Fore wing with eight apical cells........................................................................................................................................................2</p><p>2 Pronotum with parallel lateral sides, male abdomen significantly constricted in segments 2–4 ............  Toulgoetalna Boulard, 1982</p><p>- Pronotum with lateral sides narrowing anteriorly, anterior abdominal segments with parallel sides ................................................3</p><p>3 Head as wide as or wider than mesonotum ...............................................................................................  Dorachosa Distant, 1892b</p><p>- Head narrower than mesonotum.........................................................................................................................................................4</p><p>4 Fore wing not longer than body..............................................................................................................  Guaranisaria Distant, 1905e</p><p>- Fore wing longer than body................................................................................................................................................................5</p><p>5 Postclypeus extending anteriorly well beyond supra-antennal plates, postclypeus distinctly visible from anterior head when viewed from the dorsal side, fore wing cubitus anterior vein arising from about three quarters distant on the basal cell, basal cell distinctly longer than broad..............................................................................................................  Carineta Amyot &amp; Audinet-Serville, 1843</p><p>- Postclypeus not extending anteriorly, head smoothly curved anteriorly when viewed from the dorsal side, fore wing cubitus anterior vein arising from the middle of the basal cell, basal cell a little longer than broad........................  Ahomana Distant, 1905c</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DC87BB5B606C22BEAFFE5B98B7B53D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanborn, Allen F.	Sanborn, Allen F. (2024): Redescription of Carinetini Distant, 1905 (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae) including a key to the genera, three new species, two new combinations, a new record and comments on the taxonomic position of the genus Paranistria Metcalf, 1952. Journal of Insect Biodiversity 59 (1): 11-32, DOI: 10.12976/jib/2024.59.1.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.12976/jib/2024.59.1.2
03DC87BB5B666C23BEAFFBD59E60B31F.text	03DC87BB5B666C23BEAFFBD59E60B31F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Carineta Amyot & Audinet-Serville 1843	<div><p>Genus  Carineta Amyot &amp; Audinet-Serville, 1843</p><p>Carineta Amyot &amp; Audinet-Serville 1843: 482 .</p><p>Remarks. The genus was erected with limited diagnostic clarity and characters that have been shown to be much more variable as a greater number of species have been described. The original description states that the species of the genus are characterized by a generally quite hairy body; a small head forming an almost equilateral triangle that is much narrower than the thorax, large, protruding but not stalked eyes; prothorax transversely not very short and not dilated on each side; mesothorax not or barely indented posteriorly (posterior cruciform elevation); fore wings and hindwings transparent but usually shaded a soft color; timbal cavities and opercula poorly developed; and three-part tarsi (Amyot &amp; Audinet-Serville 1843). There is more variability in the species of the genus now that the number of species included has grown to produce the genus with the greatest species diversity in the New World.</p><p>Type species.  Cicada formosa Germar 1830: 45 (Brazil).</p><p>Included species.  Carineta acommosis Sanborn, 2020b,  C. aestiva Distant, 1883a,  C. apicalis Distant, 1883b,  C. apicoinfuscata Sanborn, 2011a,  C. aratayensis Boulard, 1986a,  C. argentea Walker, 1852,  C. basalis Walker, 1850,  C. bidigitata Sanborn, 2019b,  C. bilineosa (Walker, 1858a),  C. bitorquata Sanborn, 2020b,  C. boliviana Distant, 1905a,  C. boulardi Champanhet, 1999,  C. calida Walker, 1858b,  C. carayoni Boulard, 1986b,  C. castaneopercula Sanborn, 2020b,  C. cearana Distant, 1906c,  C. centralis Distant, 1892a,  C. cinara Distant, 1883a,  C. cingenda Distant, 1883b,  C. congrua Walker, 1858a,  C. coronida Sanborn, 2020e,  C. crassicauda Torres, 1948,  C. cretatabasilaris sp. nov.,  C. cristalinea Champanhet, 2001,  C. crocea Distant, 1883b,  C. crumena Goding, 1925,  C. cyrili Champanhet, 1999,  C. detoulgoueti Champanhet, 2001,  C. diardi (Guérin-Méneville, 1829),  C. dichrophryxothrix Sanborn, 2020b,  C. digitata Sanborn, 2020b,  C. dolosa Boulard, 1986a,  C. doxiptera Walker, 1858c,  C. durantoni Boulard, 1986a,  C. ecuatoriana Goding, 1925,  C. ensifera Sanborn, 2019a,  C. fasciculata (Germar, 1821),  C. fimbriata Distant, 1891,  C. garleppi Jacobi, 1907a,  C. gemella Boulard, 1986a,  C. genitalostridens Boulard, 1986b,  C. hamata Sanborn, 2019a,  C. illustris Distant, 1905a,  C. imperfecta Boulard, 1986b,  C. indecora (Walker, 1858a),  C. lichiana Boulard, 1986a,  C. liturata Torres, 1948,  C. lydiae Champanhet, 1999,  C. maculosa Torres, 1948,  C. maracayensis Sanborn, 2020d,  C. matura Distant, 1892a,  C. modesta Sanborn, 2011a,  C. naponore Boulard, 1986a,  C. nigrafissura Sanborn, 2020b,  C. peruviana Distant, 1905a,  C. pictilis Sanborn, 2019a,  C. pilifera Walker, 1858c,  C. pilosa Walker, 1850,  C. platensis Berg, 1882,  C. porioni Champanhet, 2001,  C. postica Walker, 1858a,  C. producta Walker, 1858a,  C. propinqua Torres, 1948,  C. quadrofastigiata Sanborn, 2020b,  C. rubricata Distant, 1883b,  C. rufescens (Fabricius, 1803),  C. rumipataensis Sanborn, 2020b,  C. rustica Goding, 1925,  C. scripta Torres, 1948,  C. seriemaculata Sanborn, 2020d,  C. socia Uhler, 1875,  C. spoliata (Walker, 1858b),  C. strigilifera Boulard, 1986b,  C. submarginata Walker, 1850,  C. tetraspila Jacobi, 1907a,  C. tiarata Sanborn, 2020e,  C. tingomariaensis Sanborn, 2020b,  C. titschacki Jacobi, 1951,  C. tracta Distant, 1892a,  C. tricuspis Sanborn, 2020b,  C. trinidadensis Sanborn, 2020a,  C. trivittata Walker, 1858a,  C. uncinata Sanborn, 2019a,  C. urostridulens Boulard, 1986b,  C. ventralis Jacobi, 1907a,  C. ventrilloni Boulard, 1986a,  C. verna Distant, 1883a,  C. viridicata Distant, 1883a, and  C. viridicollis (Germar, 1830) .</p><p>Distribution. Species of  Carineta have been reported from Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Trinidad, Uruguay, and Venezuela (Sanborn 2006, 2007, 2010, 2011b, 2014b, 2018, 2019a, b, 2020a, b, c, d, e, 2021b, 2023, 2024a, 2024b; Sanborn &amp; Heath 2014; Sanborn &amp; Maes 2012; Nunes et al. 2023).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DC87BB5B666C23BEAFFBD59E60B31F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanborn, Allen F.	Sanborn, Allen F. (2024): Redescription of Carinetini Distant, 1905 (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae) including a key to the genera, three new species, two new combinations, a new record and comments on the taxonomic position of the genus Paranistria Metcalf, 1952. Journal of Insect Biodiversity 59 (1): 11-32, DOI: 10.12976/jib/2024.59.1.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.12976/jib/2024.59.1.2
03DC87BB5B676C2EBEAFFDAB991DB527.text	03DC87BB5B676C2EBEAFFDAB991DB527.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Carineta cretatabasilaris Sanborn 2024	<div><p>Carineta cretatabasilaris sp. nov. (Figs. 1–2)</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:91C324D1-0537-4FDC-8310-D06F040883B3</p><p>Type material:   Holotype. “  Serra do Subaio / Teresópolis – RJ / 30/III/1986 / Lab. Entomologia, / UFRJ. Arm. luminosa ” ♂ (DZRJ).</p><p>Etymology. The name is a combination of cretata - (L., cretatus, marked with chalk, whitened) and - basilaris (L., basilaris, at the base) in reference to the white reflection at the base of the wings when viewed from an angle.</p><p>Remarks. This is one of only a few large species with significant markings represented in the genus. The whitish reflective base of the wings and lack of macular infuscation quickly distinguish the species from other large species.</p><p>Diagnosis.  Carineta cretatabasilaris sp. nov. is one of only a few large bodied species in the genus with thoracic markings. The shapes of the claspers and pygofer basal lobe appendages quickly distinguish the species within the genus. Only  Carineta durantoni Boulard, 1986a,  Carineta producta Walker, 1858a,  Carineta tracta Distant, 1892a, and  Carineta viridicata Distant, 1883a, have body lengths greater than 25 mm and body coloration that is not monochromatic.  Carineta producta and  Carineta viridicata can be distinguished quickly by the spot of infuscation on the distal apex of hindwing anal cell 2 found in these species. In addition, the fore wings of  Carineta producta are heavily infuscated on the crossveins and distal veins between apical cells and  Carineta viridicata is primarily green and lacks the linear infuscation in the fore wing apical cells.  Carineta tracta can be distinguished by the more triangular head and pronotum, Y-shaped marking on the dorsal pronotal midline, fore wings with a curved margin distal to the apical cells, and an abdomen that is the same color as the rest of the body.  Carineta durantoni is larger (body length about 30 mm), the abdomen is the same ground color as the head and thorax, the tertiary spine on the fore femur is longer than the secondary spine, fore wing apical cells lack linear infuscation, upper pygofer lobe is acuminate, and the claspers are laterally flattened with a terminal hook.</p><p>Species like  Carineta hamata Sanborn, 2019a,  Carineta trinidadensis Sanborn, 2020a and species related to them are unicolorous and lack pronotal or mesonotal markings. The number of these species continues to increase as cryptic forms are identified.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Ground color of head and thorax tawny marked with piceous and castaneous, abdomen castaneous marked with piceous.</p><p>Head. Head not as wide as mesonotum, tawny with piceous anteromedial vertex, mark extends anteriorly on each side of median ocellus towards but not reaching frontoclypeal suture, transversely to connect posterior to median ocellus, posteriorly along anteromedial lateral ocellus margin and posteriorly along lateral margin of lateral ocellus where it angles slightly laterad to head posterior margin, piceous medial margin to eye reaching half distance to supra-antennal plate on lateral vertex, transverse castaneous mark between lateral ocellus and eye, light castaneous on distal anterior arm of epicranial suture, epicranial suture laterally widening in center. Ocelli rosaceous, eyes castaneous. Head covered radiating long piceous pile, dense, long silvery pile posterior to eye. Gena dark castaneous with tawny margin along anterior lorum, lorum piceous with tawny anterior margin, anterolateral corner and anterior half of lateral margin, gena and lorum covered with short and long silvery pile, long pile very dense on posterior lorum, and radiating long piceous pile. Postclypeus tawny with castaneous fascia in ventroposterior central sulcus and angled castaenous marks on either side of sulcus beginning in center of ventral side but not reaching apex, central sulcus ventrally extending around apex to anterodorsal surface, with twelve transverse ridges, short silvery and radiating long piceous pile on lateral margin. Anteclypeus with tawny carina, anterior and posterior margins, small longitudinal castaneous fascia on either side of midline posterior to middle, small castaneous spot on midline anterior to posterior margin, lateral surfaces piceous, with short and long silvery pile and radiating long piceous pile. Mentum greenish-tawny at base, castaneous laterally and distally, labium light castaneous with piceous lateral fascia and tip, reaching to hind trochanters. Antennal segments piceous except tawny proximal scape and proximal pedicel.</p><p>Thorax. Dorsal thorax tawny. Pronotum tawny, anchor-shaped piceous mark on dorsal midline anterior to ambient fissure, piceous in anterior paramedian and lateral fissures, irregular piceous mark on disk between central paramedian fissure and posterior lateral fissure, castaneous fascia disk between lateral fissure and lateral ambient fissure, castaneous in ambient fissure between level of end of paramedian fissure and anterior of pronotal collar lateral angle but not across dorsal midline, long piceous pile radiating from dorsolateral surface. Pronotal collar tawny, radiating long piceous pile. Mesonotum tawny, fascia with piceous anterior becoming castaneous posteriorly outlining medial submedian sigillae, expanding in posterior of submedian sigilla, parapsidal suture light castaneous, V-shaped castaneous mark along posterior lateral sigilla, short longitudinal castaneous fascia on lateral mesonotum, small piceous mark on lateral side of this mark, castaneous fascia on posterolateral mesonotum extending around posterior disk to cruciform elevation, curved transverse piceous mark anterior to anterior arms of cruciform elevation between and including scutal depressions, cruciform elevation tawny with castaneous hue along dorsal midline, wing groove tawny with piceous mark on anterior terminus. Metanotum greenish-tawny, castaneous on dorsal midline, castaneous spot anterolaterally. Long silvery pile on lateral and posterior mesonotum, very dense posterolaterally, between anterior arms of cruciform elevation, and on lateral cruciform elevation, within and radiating from posterior wing groove, and on lateral metanotum, long piceous pile radiating from mesonotum, short piceous pile on disk. Ventral thoracic segments primarily tawny, castaneous or piceous, episternum 2 castaneous, basisternum 2 piceous, anepimeron 2 tawny, katepimeron 2 tawny with castaneous spot on anterior and medial corners, basisternum 3 tawny with transverse castaneous fascia medially and laterally, episternum 3 piceous medially, tawny medially and laterally, trochantins tawny with castaneous marks at junction with legs, covered with short and intermediate length silvery pile and radiating long piceous pile.</p><p>Wings. Fore wing and hindwings hyaline, whitish reflection in basal half of wings when viewed from an angle. Venation tawny proximally, becoming castaneous distally, piceous mark along anterior basal cell, castaneous base and piceous posterior anal vein 2 + 3. Basal cell and proximal clavus clouded, pterostigma present extending almost to distal terminus, basal membrane of fore wing grayish with darker posterior margin. Pairs of linear infuscation within apical cells extending onto wing margin, wing margin edge infuscated. Hindwing venation similarly colored, castaneous spot on base of anal vein 3, anal vein 3 with distal curve, about one third length of anal vein 2. Anal cell 3 and anal cell 2 along anal veins 2 and 3, anal cell 1 along anal vein 2, cubital cell 2 along posterior cubitus posterior grayish, infuscation surrounding margins of gray, Barely visible lines of infuscation on wing margin, absent in apical cells, wing margin edge infuscated.</p><p>Legs. Legs tawny marked with castaneous, coxae with castaneous marks on laterally on proximal and distal regions, fore and hind coxae with castaneous posterior side, trochanter with two castaneous fasciae and castaneous distal margins, femora striped with castaneous, fore tibiae with castaneous fascia and piceous distal end, lateral castaneous mark on middle tibiae with dark castaneous distal annular mark in both middle and hind tibiae, tarsi dark castaneous, tawny annular band in middle pretarsus of middle leg, proximal three quarters of hind pretarsus tawny, pretarsal claws castaneous at base with darker tips. Fore femora proximal spine largest, forming acute angle to femur, secondary spine upright, tertiary spine about the same size as secondary spine but slightly angled, small apical spine distally extending from base of tertiary spine, all spines dark castaneous, lighter region near distal primary spine. Tibial spurs and combs castaneous with darker tips. Legs with short silvery pile, radiating long golden and long piceous pile. Meracanthus short, broadly triangular, tawny with castaneous base, reaching over anteromedial opercular margin.</p><p>Opercula. Male operculum greenish-tawny with castaneous base, greenish rectangular lateral extension from base, posteromedially angled lateral margin, obtusely angled posterolateral corner, sinusoidal posterior margin, semicircular medial margin reaching to level of medial meracanthus, transverse anteromedial margin curving laterad to base, covered with short silvery and radiating long golden pile, reaching posteriorly to middle of sternite II but not covering medial tympanal cavity.</p><p>Abdomen. Abdominal tergites castaneous with piceous hind margins covered with golden pile dorsally, silver pile laterally and across posterior of dorsal tergite 8, very dense on lateral tergites 1 and 2, timbal cavity with partially turned back rim. Timbal exposed, white with eleven long and ten intercalary ribs. Male sternites I–VII castaneous with dark castaneous posterior margin, auditory capsule piceous, sternite VII with transverse posterior margin, sternite VIII dark castaneous with tawny spots on anterolateral margin, sternite VIII with smoothly curved U-shaped notch posteriorly, silvery pile on lateral sternites and medial epipleurites, long golden pile radiating from sternites. Epipleurites castaneous with piceous posterior margin.</p><p>Genitalia. Male pygofer castaneous darker dorsal beak, short silvery pile dorsally. Dorsal beak thin, elongated, longer than piceous anal styles. Pygofer basal lobe extending half the length of pygofer, angled laterad from base, curving mediad with rounded apex. Upper pygofer lobes small, folded medially. Claspers dark castaneous, surrounding aedeagus, expanding along lateral anal tube and adjoining along dorsal midline posterior to anal tube, distally curving ventrad and diverging at approximate 45° angle with a finger-like extension formed at lateral terminus. Basal lobe appendage flattened, lateral margin widening then narrowing distally to tip presenting a sword-like appearance. Aedeagus tubular, castaneous.</p><p>Female is unknown.</p><p>Measurements (mm). Length of body: 27.15; length of fore wing: 35.50; width of fore wing: 12.70; length of head: 4.55; width of head including eyes: 8.20; width of pronotum including suprahumeral plates: 11.25; width of mesonotum: 9.85.</p><p>Distribution. The new species is known only from the holotype specimen collected on Serra do Subaio (22°27’11”S, 42°54’47”W) in Teresópolis in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DC87BB5B676C2EBEAFFDAB991DB527	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanborn, Allen F.	Sanborn, Allen F. (2024): Redescription of Carinetini Distant, 1905 (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae) including a key to the genera, three new species, two new combinations, a new record and comments on the taxonomic position of the genus Paranistria Metcalf, 1952. Journal of Insect Biodiversity 59 (1): 11-32, DOI: 10.12976/jib/2024.59.1.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.12976/jib/2024.59.1.2
03DC87BB5B6A6C2EBEAFFBA39879B72F.text	03DC87BB5B6A6C2EBEAFFBA39879B72F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Carineta cingenda Distant 1883	<div><p>Carineta cingenda Distant, 1883b</p><p>(new record for French Guiana)</p><p>Carineta cingenda Distant 1883b: 192 . (Madeira River, Amazons (=Brazil))</p><p>Remarks. This is one of the small to intermediate sized species of  Carineta with hyaline wings and pronotal and mesothoracic markings.  Carineta cingenda can be distinguished from related species in French Guiana by the transverse piceous fascia in the ambient fissure of the pronotum and the reduced piceous markings of the mesothorax (similar to  Dorachosa guimararesensis sp. nov.).  Carineta guianensis Sanborn, 2011a is the most similar species in general appearance currently known from the cicada fauna of French Guiana, but  Carineta guianensis is smaller and lacks the transverse piceous fascia in the pronotal ambient fissure of  Carineta cingenda .</p><p>Distribution. The species has been reported previously from Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, and Peru (Metcalf 1963; Sanborn 2011b, 2013, 2019a, 2020b).</p><p>Material examined for new record for French Guiana.   “ FRENCH GUIANA: Saint-Elie / Commune,  Mont Tabulaire de / la  Trinitie, 600m, 4.601602, / -53.360279, 16-IX-2023, / Light Trap, SEAG leg.” one ♀ (AFSC).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DC87BB5B6A6C2EBEAFFBA39879B72F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanborn, Allen F.	Sanborn, Allen F. (2024): Redescription of Carinetini Distant, 1905 (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae) including a key to the genera, three new species, two new combinations, a new record and comments on the taxonomic position of the genus Paranistria Metcalf, 1952. Journal of Insect Biodiversity 59 (1): 11-32, DOI: 10.12976/jib/2024.59.1.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.12976/jib/2024.59.1.2
03DC87BB5B6A6C2FBEAFF9DB9ECCB4D3.text	03DC87BB5B6A6C2FBEAFF9DB9ECCB4D3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dorachosa Distant 1892	<div><p>Genus  Dorachosa Distant, 1892b</p><p>Dorachosa Distant 1892b: 63 .</p><p>Herrera Distant 1905a: 486 .</p><p>Remarks. While this work was under review, a field guide to North American cicadas was published (Kratzer 2024). In it,  Herrera was synonymized with  Dorachosa . After examining specimens identified as  Dorachosa explicata Distant, 1892b, the synonymy appears to be valid. The only previously known species of  Dorachosa possesses structures that are characteristic of  Carinetini like the genitalia (e.g., long dorsal beak, developed upper pygofer lobes, claspers, and basal lobe appendages), large fore femora spines, operculum shape, etc. that are not found in  Taphurini where these structures are absent or of diagnostically different shapes. In addition,  Dorachosa has a head as wide as the mesonotum like species of  Herrera and otherwise unique within the  Carinetini while the head width is greater than the mesonotum width in  Taphurini .</p><p>The tentative reassignment of  Herrera acclivis (Sanborn, 2017),  Herrera martiniquensis (Davis, 1938), and  Carineta viridicollis (Germar, 1830) in Kratzer (2024) are confirmed as the species from Martinique had already been reassigned to  Herrera (Sanborn 2024b) and images of the Germar  Cicada viridicollis syntypes deposited in the Zoological Museum, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, L’viv, Ukraine (http://zoomus.lviv.ua/GERMAR/ ZM3845web.htm) were compared to specimens in hand confirm their reassignment.</p><p>Combining the generic descriptions of  Dorachosa (Distant 1892b) and  Herrera (Distant 1905a), species of the expanded  Dorachosa are those species possessing a head about as wide as the mesonotum (many species described since then possess a head wider than the mesonotum), eyes long, obliquely angled posteriorly, and with the medial margins ampliate, ocelli separated from each other about the same distance as from the eyes, a vertex that is longer than the frons, postclypeus globose, centrally sulcate with transverse grooves and ridges, a pronotum that is more than twice as wide as long and as long as the mesonotum, the lateral pronotal collar is straight and truncated, the pronotal collar lateral angles are slightly ampliated, the mesonotum has a well developed cruciform elevation with slender anterior arms, an abdomen that is about as long as the distance from the apex of the head to the posterior cruciform elevation, epipleurites reflexed medially, timbal covers are absent, male opercula are generally small (there are a few with large opercula including one of the new species), fore femora with three large spines reducing in size from proximal to distal spine, the fore wing basal cell is longer than broad and wider at the base than at the apex, the fore wing medial cell is distally broad with the mediocubital crossvein forming oblique angles with the proximal cubitus anterior 1 and median vein 4, and the fore wing width is more than one-third but less than half the fore wing length. The ratio of fore wing width and length has become highly variable as more species were described and is less useful as a diagnostic character for the genus. The width of the head is a prime character to distinguish species of  Dorachosa from species of  Carineta .</p><p>Type species.  Dorachosa explicata Distant 1892b: 64 (Matachin, Panama).</p><p>Included species.  Dorachosa acclivis (Sanborn, 2017),  D. ancilla (Stål, 1864),  D. aurenigrapilosa (Sanborn, 2019b),  D. barrocoloradoensis (Sanborn, 2020g),  D. bilabeculafissura sp. nov.,  D. castaneanigricula (Sanborn, 2024b) comb. nov.,  D. castanetorquata (Sanborn, 2020b),  D. cephalodigramma (Sanborn, 2020b),  D. chanchamayoensis (Sanborn, 2020b),  D. chelappendicula (Sanborn, 2020c),  D. concolor (Sanborn, 2019a),  D. coyamensis (Sanborn, 2007),  D. criqualicae (Boulard, 1986a),  D. dentata (Sanborn, 2020b),  D. freiae (Sanborn, 2019a),  D. grammosticta (Sanborn, 2020a),  D. guianaensis (Sanborn, 2011a),  D. guimararesensis sp. nov.,  D. humilistrata (Sanborn &amp; Heath, 2014),  D. infuscata (Sanborn 2009),  D. laticapitata (Davis, 1938),  D. lugubrina compostelensis (Davis, 1938),  D. lugubrina lugubrina (Stål, 1864),  D. martiniquensis (Davis, 1934),  D. melanomesocranon (Sanborn, 2019a),  D. moyabambaensis (Sanborn, 2020b),  D. nigratorquata (Sanborn, 2018),  D. nigropercula (Sanborn, 2020b),  D. phyllodes (Sanborn, 2019a),  D. picadae (Jacobi, 1907b) comb. nov.,  D. polygramma (Sanborn, 2020b),  D. quadrimacula (Sanborn, 2020b),  D. quadroacuminata (Sanborn, 2020d),  D. quinimaculata (Sanborn, 2011a),  D. sahlbergi (Stål, 1854),  D. sigillata (Sanborn, 2018),  D. signifera (Sanborn, 2019a),  D. tigrina (Boulard, 1986a),  D. turbida (Jacobi, 1907a),  D. umbraphila (Sanborn &amp; Heath, 2014),  D. viridicollis (Germar, 1830), and  D. viriventralis (Sanborn, 2020b) .</p><p>Distribution. Species of  Dorachosa have been reported from Argentina, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Honduras, Martinique, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Trinidad, and Venezuela (Sanborn 2001, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2014b, 2018, 2019a, b, 2020a, b, c, d, e, 2023, 2024b; Sanborn &amp; Heath 2014; Sanborn &amp; Maes 2012; Nunes et al. 2023).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DC87BB5B6A6C2FBEAFF9DB9ECCB4D3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanborn, Allen F.	Sanborn, Allen F. (2024): Redescription of Carinetini Distant, 1905 (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae) including a key to the genera, three new species, two new combinations, a new record and comments on the taxonomic position of the genus Paranistria Metcalf, 1952. Journal of Insect Biodiversity 59 (1): 11-32, DOI: 10.12976/jib/2024.59.1.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.12976/jib/2024.59.1.2
03DC87BB5B6B6C2ABEAFF9FF9FDEB503.text	03DC87BB5B6B6C2ABEAFF9FF9FDEB503.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dorachosa bilabeculafissura Sanborn 2024	<div><p>Dorachosa bilabeculafissura sp. nov. (Figs. 3–4)</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A4A1D345-644F-4FFA-9B46-DA2EDF4B8ED4</p><p>Type material:  Holotype. “ Vassoures – RJ / I–1965 / Murilo ” ♂ (DZRJ).</p><p>Etymology. The name is a combination of bi - (L., bi -, two), - labecula - (L., labecula, diminutive, spot, stain, blemish), and - fissura (L., fissura, crack, fissure) in reference to the two small spots on either side of the dorsal midline in the ambient fissure of the pronotum.</p><p>Remarks. This is one of a small number of species in the genus that possess large male opercula. The coloration patterns and basal lobe appendages distinguish all species from one another.</p><p>Diagnosis.  Dorachosa bilabeculafissura sp. nov. is one of a small proportion of species in the genus that possess large male opercula. Once again, the shapes of the claspers and pygofer basal lobe appendages quickly distinguish the species within the genus. The presence of mesothoracic and postclypeal markings distinguish  Dorachosa cephalodigramma (Sanborn 2020b) and  Dorachosa polygramma (Sanborn 2020b) from the new species. The complete lack of dorsal markings and equally sized extensions of the basal pygofer lobe distinguish  Dorachosa chelappendicula (Sanborn 2020c) from the new species. Similarly, there is a lack of dorsal markings and the basal lobe appendage has a leaf-like terminus with three points in  Dorachosa phyllodes (Sanborn 2019a) .  Dorachosa melanomesocranon (Sanborn 2019a) can be distinguished by its primarily piceous head and lack of pronotal markings, and a basal lobe appendage that is flattened, forms a right angle, and tapers distally to a point. Finally,  Dorachosa quadroacuminata (Sanborn, 2020d) is most similar to the new species but there is a single spot on the dorsal midline in the pronotal collar ambient fissure instead of the small spots on either side of the midline, the fore wings are about 3.0 times longer than broad rather than the 2.38 times, and the basal lobe appendages have four extensions rather than the two as found in the new species.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Ground color ochraceous, with limited castaneous and piceous markings. Live or fresh specimens are probably green.</p><p>Head. Head slightly wider than mesonotum, ground color, lateral vertex between eye and lateral ocelli and anterolaterally light castaneous, supra-antennal plates light castaneous, castaneous spots in anterior and posterior cranial depressions, piceous vertex margin along posterior half of dorsal eye. Ocelli rosaceous, fading to ochraceous in two ocelli. Eyes dark castaneous. Dorsal head with short silvery pile, longer and denser silvery pile posterior to eye. Ventral head ground color except piceous posterior two thirds of lorum. Postclypeus centrally sulcate from anterior to posteroventral margin to around apex, with eleven transverse ridges, short silvery pile on lateral margin and in lateral transverse grooves.Anteclypeus ground color. Ventral head and anteclypeus covered with short silvery pile, longer pile posteroventral to eye and radiating from lorum. Mentum ground color, labium ground color with castaneous lateral fascia becoming piceous distally and castaneous tip, reaching to anterior hind coxae. Scape and proximal pedicel ground color, distal pedicel castaneous, flagellar segments missing but probably castaneous.</p><p>Thorax. Dorsal thorax ground color, castaneous marks in posterior paramedian fissure, anterior lateral fissure, a small spot on either side of dorsal midline in ambient fissure. Pronotal collar ground color with castaneous spot anterior to pronotal collar lateral angle. Mesothorax ground color with castaneous fascia along parapsidal suture not reaching anterior margin, scutal depressions castaneous, piceous spot on lateral mesonotum in anterior wing groove. Silvery pile on posterior mesothorax, between arms of cruciform elevation, radiating from posterior wing groove, and on posterior metanotum margin. Ventral thoracic segments ground color with castaneous fascia along lateral junctions of coxae and ventral thoracic segments, covered with short silvery pile.</p><p>Wings. Fore wings and hindwings hyaline, lightly bronzed distally, with eight and six apical cells respectively. Venation ground color but darkening in apical cells, castaneous spot at base of costa and castaneous proximal and distal anal vein 2 + 3. Basal membrane grayish, darker along anal vein 2 + 3, light infuscation on wing margin along apical cells. Hindwing venation ground color at base becoming darker in apical cells, median vein darker, castaneous spot on base of anal vein 2 extending across base of anal vein 3. Anal cell 3 gray with castaneous distal spot and posterior margin, anal cell 2 along anal vein 3 and anal vein 2, anal cell 1 along anal vein 2 margined with gray.</p><p>Legs. Ground color except castaneous marks on lateral coxae, light castaneous distal tarsi, and castaneous distal pretarsal claws, short silvery pile on coxae, long golden pile radiating from legs. Fore femora with proximal spine longest and most angled, secondary spine almost upright, of intermediate length, tertiary spine angled greater than and not quite as long as secondary spine, secondary and tertiary spines with curving tip, very small apical spine extending from distal tertiary spine base, spines castaneous. Tibial spurs and tibial combs ground color with castaneous tips. Meracanthus ground color, broadly triangular, reaching beyond anteromedial opercular margin.</p><p>Opercula. Male operculum large for the genus, ochraceous covered with short silvery pile and radiating longer pile, small, rectangular lateral extension near lateral base, anterolateral margin straight, angled, curved laterally to rounded posterior margin forming a roughly semicircular posterior, rounded medial margin, opercula not meeting medially, concave anteromedial margin to base, covering all but posterior tympanal cavity, reaching to anterior margin of sternite II.</p><p>Abdomen. Abdominal tergites ground color, castaneous spot in lateral timbal cavity, on lateral tergite 2, tergites 3–8 with castaneous posterior margins and lateral castaneous spots, castaneous reducing in posterior tergites, tergites covered with short golden pile, long silvery pile radiating from lateral tergites 4–8. Timbal completely exposed, timbal with ten long ribs and nine intercalary ribs. Male sternites I ground color, sternite II ground color with transverse castaneous fascia across midline, sternite III ground color with transverse castaneous fascia on anterior midline, longitudinal castaneous mark on anterior half of midline, sternites IV–V ground color, sternites VI–VII ground color with castaneous spot on anterior midline, auditory capsule ground color with castaneous spot, sternite VIII with transverse posterior margin, open V-shape when viewed from posterior, epipleurites ground color, castaneous laterally in epipleurites 6–7, sternites and epipleurites covered with short silvery pile, denser along groove between sternites and epipleurites, and radiating long golden pile.</p><p>Genitalia. Male pygofer ground color with light castaneous dorsal midline, covered with short silvery pile. Dorsal beak narrow, curving ventrally then straightening out from base, longer than piceous anal styles. Pygofer upper lobe small, folded medially. Pygofer basal lobe extended, swollen, adpressed to pygofer, curving mediad, ground color with piceous spot on distomedial corner, dense, radiating long golden pile. Uncus absent, claspers expanding along sides of and barely meeting posterior to anal styles, claspers diverge at an approximate right angle to acutely angled distolateral corner. Basal lobe appendage flattened, broad at base, angled laterad, recurving, extension forms an asymmetrical, claw-like terminus with proximal extension small and distal extension very long and curved. Aedeagus castaneous, tubular with a pair of terminal extensions.</p><p>Female is unknown.</p><p>Measurements (mm). Length of body: 16.90; length of fore wing: 20.80; width of fore wing: 8.75; length of head: 3.00; width of head including eyes: 5.75; width of pronotum including suprahumeral plates: 6.75; width of mesonotum: 5.50.</p><p>Distribution. The new species is known only from the holotype specimen collected at Vassoures (22°24’14”S, 43°39’46”W) in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DC87BB5B6B6C2ABEAFF9FF9FDEB503	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanborn, Allen F.	Sanborn, Allen F. (2024): Redescription of Carinetini Distant, 1905 (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae) including a key to the genera, three new species, two new combinations, a new record and comments on the taxonomic position of the genus Paranistria Metcalf, 1952. Journal of Insect Biodiversity 59 (1): 11-32, DOI: 10.12976/jib/2024.59.1.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.12976/jib/2024.59.1.2
03DC87BB5B6E6C29BEAFFB8F9935B407.text	03DC87BB5B6E6C29BEAFFB8F9935B407.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dorachosa guimararesensis Sanborn 2024	<div><p>Dorachosa guimararesensis sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs. 5–6)</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E326F77C-F618-4E20-9F4E-ABD5CE102795</p><p>Type material:  Holotype. “ Chap. Guimarãres / M.T. / 12–I–1987 / K. Tanizaki ” ♂ (DZRJ).</p><p>Etymology. The name is a combination of guimarares - (for the type locality of Chapada dos Guimarãres) and - ensis (L., suffix denoting place, locality) in reference to the site where the holotype originated.</p><p>Remarks. This new taxon is one of a group of species within the genus that possesses a transverse fascia across the pronotal ambient fissure. It is the only species in the group which has the transverse fascia extending across the lateral pronotal collar. In addition, the shapes of the claspers and pygofer basal lobe appendages quickly distinguish the species within the genus.</p><p>Diagnosis.  Dorachosa guimararesensis sp. nov. is one of a few species of the genus possessing a transverse band through the pronotal collar ambient fissure.  Dorachosa tigrina (Boulard, 1986a) is a very similarly colored species but differs in the basal lobe appendages terminate in a recurved point and extend at an angle from the basal pygofer lobes that form an approximate right angle at their terminus when viewed laterally rather than extending like a pyramid from the terminus, the upper pygofer is broadly rounded and not folded laterally, the body length is slightly shorter, the fore wings are shorter and narrower with a ratio of about 2.79 rather than 2.51 found in the new species, and the secondary fore femoral spine is more erect and distinctly curved rather than being angled and parallel to the tertiary spine. The transverse fascia in the pronotal collar ambient fissure does not extend across the lateral pronotal collar, the mesothoracic markings include markings around the lateral sigillae, and there are piceous markings on the postclypeus in  Dorachosa castanetorquata (Sanborn, 2020b) . The transverse pronotal fascia in the ambient fissure does not extend across the lateral pronotal collar and the prothoracic markings are reduced in  Dorachosa nigrotorquata (Sanborn, 2018) and  Dorachosa viriventris (Sanborn, 2020b) . The transverse piceous band does not cross the dorsal pronotal midline or extend across the lateral pronotal collar in  Dorachosa grammosticta (Sanborn 2020a) .</p><p>Description.</p><p>Ground color of greenish-tawny marked with piceous and castaneous, posterior abdominal tergites greenish. The variable amount of green on the different segments and the abdominal tergites suggests fresh specimens may be greener than the majority of the holotype specimen.</p><p>Head. Head slightly wider than mesonotum, ground color with castaneous, roughly triangular mark extending anteriorly from lateral median ocellus on either side of midline anterior to median ocellus expanding anteriolaterally to half distance of frontoclypeal suture, lateral ocelli surrounded by castaneous, mark extending across midline, producing ground color triangular mark on posterior epicranial suture, and posteriorly to posterior head, posterior mark extending laterally to posterior eye, mark extending anteriorly from posterior head, bifurcating to encircle posterior cranial depression and attaching to eye margin at level of lateral ocellus, castaneous spot in center of anterior extension of vertex, small castaneous mark on eye margin lateral to vertex spot. Ocelli rosaceous, eyes castaneous. Dorsal head radiating long piceous pile, long silvery pile posterior to eye. Ventral head ground color except for castaneous fascia on posteromedial margin along anteclypeus. Postclypeus ground color ventrally, centrally sulcate from anterior to posteroventral margin to apex, with twelve transverse ridges, radiating long piceous pile from transverse grooves. Anteclypeus dark castaneous, carina lighter with near ground color spot medially. Ventral head and anteclypeus with long white pile, lorum and gena radiating long piceous pile. Mentum ground color, labium castaneous with piceous tip, reaching to hind coxae. Antennal segments scape ground color at base, thick castaneous annulus on distal half, distal margin ground color, pedicel castaneous with ground color annuli on each end, remaining antennal segments light castaneous.</p><p>Thorax. Dorsal thorax ground color. Pronotum ground color, piceous within paramedian fissure, lateral extension near anterior of fissure, anterior extension curving lateral from medial end of piceous, triangular castaneous mark connecting to posterior lateral fissure, marks in paramedian fissures connected across midline by V-shaped castaneous mark, all but middle of lateral fissure piceous, piceous in ambient fissure from connecting anterior and posterior section of piceous mark in lateral fissure, ambient fissure castaneous across dorsal midline between piceous regions, radiating long piceous pile. Pronotal collar ground color with transverse castaneous fascia abutting ambient fissure, extending laterally across lateral part of pronotal collar just anterior to pronotal collar lateral angles, radiating long piceous pile. Mesonotum ground color, castaneous marks outlining submedian sigillae, thicker along medial margins, expanding in posterior submedian sigilla, anchor-shaped castaneous mark on midline posterior midline curving anterior to anterior arms of cruciform elevation and terminating in scutal depressions, posterior margin of mesonotum castaneous posterior to lateral sigillae, cruciform elevation ground color except castaneous anterior margin posterior to anterior arm extending around anterolateral corner, castaneous fascia on posterolateral wing groove. Metanotum ground color with castaneous spot in anterior wing groove. Short golden pile on mesothorax between anterior arms of cruciform elevation, long silvery pile on lateral mesothorax, posterior mesothorax, radiating from posterior wing groove, and on lateral metanotum, long piceous pile radiating from mesothorax, on cruciform elevation between lateral arms, and radiating from lateral metanotum. Ventral thoracic segments ground color covered with short silvery pile, radiating long silvery pile, long piceous pile radiating from lateral anepisternum 2.</p><p>Wings. Fore wings and hindwings hyaline, with eight and six apical cells respectively. Venation castaneous proximally, becoming darker distally, except ground color cubits posterior + anal vein 1, piceous posterior proximal half of anal vein 2 + 3, pterostigma present, completely infuscated. Fore wing margin edge infuscated. Basal membrane grayish with darker posterior. Hindwing venation castaneous becoming darker distally except ground color distal half of median vein. Anal vein 3 about half the length of anal vein 2 with curved distal terminus. Anal cell 3 and plaga gray proximally, anal cell 2 along anal veins 2 and anal vein 3 to curve, anal cell 1 along anal vein 2 margined with gray, gray margined with infuscation. Hindwing margin edge infuscated.</p><p>Legs. Ground color except castaneous stripe on fore femora, distal tibiae, distal metatarsi, distal mesotarsi, distal half of pretarsi and distal pretarsal claws castaneous, long silvery pile radiating from legs. Fore femora with proximal spine longest, angled more to femoral axis than remaining spines, secondary spine and tertiary spines more erect and parallel to each other, secondary and tertiary spines about the same length with curved tip, very small apical spine emerging from distal base of tertiary spine. Spines castaneous with piceous base. Tibial spurs and comb castaneous. Meracanthus triangular, ochraceous with light castaneous marks on anteromedial base and posterolateral margin, reaching anterior of medial opercular margin.</p><p>Opercula. Male operculum ochraceous with small castaneous spot on near anterolateral corner, covered with short silvery pile and radiating long silvery pile, angled mediad, lateral base bent dorsally on lateral body, lateral margin straight, curved posterolateral margin forming obtuse angle to straight posterior margin, with finger-like posteromedial extension, semicircular medial margin, not meeting medially reaching to medial meracanthus, not covering tympanum, only medial region reaching to anterior of medial sternite II.</p><p>Abdomen. Abdominal tergites ground color green posterior margin, castaneous spot on lateral tergites 4–8, tergite 8 with castaneous posterior margin, auditory capsule castaneous, tergites covered with short silvery pile laterally, piceous pile dorsally, pile denser on posterior timbal cavity and on auditory capsule. Timbal exposed, white marked with ten long ribs and nine intercalary ribs, ribs castaneous. Male sternites ground color, sternites 5–8 with light castaneous midline fascia becoming darker and longer in posterior sternites, sternites radiating silvery pile, pile very dense on midline of sternites I and II, long castaneous pile on midline of sternite II. Epipleurites ground color, radiating long silvery pile.</p><p>Genitalia. Male pygofer ground color with castaneous dorsal beak.Dorsal beak narrow, longer than light castaneous anal styles, anal tube radiating golden pile. Pygofer basal lobe about half the length of pygofer, angled laterad at base, curving mediad with rectangular apex, radiating dense golden pile. Upper pygofer lobes adpressed to pygofer, small, knob-like, radiating long golden pile. Claspers expanding along sides of anal tube, distal midline curving dorsally and almost meeting posterior to anal styles, claspers diverge at an acute angle to approximate right angled distolateral corner, radiating long golden pile. Castaneous basal lobe appendage rectangular with medial depression, flattened terminus presenting straight posterior margin. Aedeagus tubular, dark castaneous.</p><p>Female is unknown.</p><p>Measurements (mm). Length of body: 15.25; length of fore wing: 20.05; width of fore wing: 8.00; length of head: 3.20; width of head including eyes: 5.75; width of pronotum including suprahumeral plates: 6.20; width of mesonotum: 5.25.</p><p>Distribution. The new species is known only from the holotype specimen collected the Chapada dos Guimarães (15°27’39”S, 55°45’00”W) in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. The majority of the Rio da Casca Ecological Station is located at Chapada dos Guimarães which should help to protect the new species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DC87BB5B6E6C29BEAFFB8F9935B407	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanborn, Allen F.	Sanborn, Allen F. (2024): Redescription of Carinetini Distant, 1905 (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae) including a key to the genera, three new species, two new combinations, a new record and comments on the taxonomic position of the genus Paranistria Metcalf, 1952. Journal of Insect Biodiversity 59 (1): 11-32, DOI: 10.12976/jib/2024.59.1.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.12976/jib/2024.59.1.2
03DC87BB5B6D6C29BEAFFA83983AB79E.text	03DC87BB5B6D6C29BEAFFA83983AB79E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dorachosa castaneanigricula (Sanborn 2024) Sanborn 2024	<div><p>Dorachosa castaneanigricula (Sanborn, 2024b) comb. nov.</p><p>Herrera castaneanigricula Sanborn 2024b: 55 . (Morne Sulpice, Martinique)</p><p>Remarks. This species and the taxonomic position of  D. acclivis and  D. martiniquensis may not have been available to Kratzer (2024) when the book went to press. As all species were previously assigned members of  Herrera, they were all reassigned with the synonymy of  Herrera and  Dorachosa . As a result,  Herrera castaneanigricula Sanborn 2024b is reassigned officially to the genus  Dorachosa to become  Dorachosa castaneanigricula (Sanborn 2024b) comb. nov. The tentative reassignment of the other two species by Kratzer (2024) is confirmed as outlined above.</p><p>Distribution. The species has been reported only from Morne Sulpice, Martinique (Sanborn 2024b).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DC87BB5B6D6C29BEAFFA83983AB79E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanborn, Allen F.	Sanborn, Allen F. (2024): Redescription of Carinetini Distant, 1905 (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae) including a key to the genera, three new species, two new combinations, a new record and comments on the taxonomic position of the genus Paranistria Metcalf, 1952. Journal of Insect Biodiversity 59 (1): 11-32, DOI: 10.12976/jib/2024.59.1.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.12976/jib/2024.59.1.2
03DC87BB5B6D6C36BEAFF92B9F17B077.text	03DC87BB5B6D6C36BEAFF92B9F17B077.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dorachosa picadae (Jacobi 1907) Sanborn 2024	<div><p>Dorachosa picadae (Jacobi, 1907b) comb. nov.</p><p>Carineta picadae Jacobi, 1907b: 201 . (Prov. Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil)</p><p>Remarks. The taxonomic position of this species is revised based on the review of the species in the tribe. Jacobi (1907b) describes the species as having a head slightly wider than the mesonotum, the key diagnostic difference between  Dorachosa and  Carineta . Inspection of a syntype (“CoTypus” label attached to specimen) deposited in the Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin, confirms that the head is wider than the mesonotum, the vertex is longer than the dorsal postclypeus, the pronotum is shorter than the mesonotum, the fore wing width is 0.4 times the fore wing length, the opercula are oblong, angled mediad and well separated medially, and the abdomen is about as long as the distance from the apex of the head to the posterior cruciform elevation, characteristics that agree with those given by Distant (1905a) for the genus and to distinguish  Herrera (and also found in  Dorachosa) from  Carineta in his key. As a result,  Carineta picadae Jacobi, 1907a is reassigned to the genus  Dorachosa to become  Dorachosa picadae (Jacobi, 1907a) comb. nov.</p><p>Distribution. The species has been reported only from the province of Rio Grande do Sul in southeastern Brazil (Jacobi 1907b; Nunes et al. 2023).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DC87BB5B6D6C36BEAFF92B9F17B077	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanborn, Allen F.	Sanborn, Allen F. (2024): Redescription of Carinetini Distant, 1905 (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae) including a key to the genera, three new species, two new combinations, a new record and comments on the taxonomic position of the genus Paranistria Metcalf, 1952. Journal of Insect Biodiversity 59 (1): 11-32, DOI: 10.12976/jib/2024.59.1.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.12976/jib/2024.59.1.2
03DC87BB5B726C36BEAFFE8A9E65B2A0.text	03DC87BB5B726C36BEAFFE8A9E65B2A0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ahomana Distant 1905	<div><p>Genus  Ahomana Distant, 1905c</p><p>Ahomana Distant 1905c: 23 .</p><p>Remarks. Even though Distant (1905c) described the genus as part of the  Tibicinini Distant, 1905d, all the characteristics provided in the generic description agree with the diagnostic characters of  Carinetini . Distant (1905c) characterized species of the genus as those possessing a head including the eyes considerably narrower than the width of the mesonotum, the postclypeus is slightly shorter than the vertex and lacks a central sulcus, the pronotum is about as long as the head with the lateral margins concavely sinuate, the width and length of the mesonotum are about equal, the abdomen that is about as long as the distance from the apex of the head to the posterior cruciform elevation, timbals completely exposed without timbal covers, the male opercula are small, broad, and transverse, and fore wings that are hyaline or semi-hyaline with a broad basal cell that is a little longer than broad and eight apical cells, and hindwings with six apical cells. The genus is very similar morphologically to  Carineta .</p><p>Type species.  Ahomana neotropicalis Distant 1905c: 24 (Callao, Peru and Paraguay (error, see Sanborn 2014a)).</p><p>Included species.  Ahomana chilensis Distant, 1905c and  A. neotropicalis Distant, 1905c .</p><p>Distribution. Species of  Ahomana has been reported from Argentina, Chile, and Peru (Sanborn 2014a, 2020b). References to Paraguay are considered erroneous (Sanborn 2014a).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DC87BB5B726C36BEAFFE8A9E65B2A0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanborn, Allen F.	Sanborn, Allen F. (2024): Redescription of Carinetini Distant, 1905 (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae) including a key to the genera, three new species, two new combinations, a new record and comments on the taxonomic position of the genus Paranistria Metcalf, 1952. Journal of Insect Biodiversity 59 (1): 11-32, DOI: 10.12976/jib/2024.59.1.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.12976/jib/2024.59.1.2
03DC87BB5B726C36BEAFFC239F6CB421.text	03DC87BB5B726C36BEAFFC239F6CB421.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Guaranisaria Distant 1905	<div><p>Genus  Guaranisaria Distant, 1905e</p><p>Guaranisaria Distant 1905e: 560 .</p><p>Remarks. Distant (1905e) describes the genus as having the characters of  Carineta but with short (not longer than the body), semi-opaque fore wings and the nodal line is visible across ulnar cell 3 of the fore wing. Otherwise, the genus is morphologically similar to  Carineta .</p><p>Type species.  Guaranisaria dissimilis Distant 1905e: 560 (Argentina, Paraguay, and Sapucuay, Paraguay).</p><p>Included species.  Guaranisaria bicolor Torres, 1958,  G. dissimilis Distant, 1905e, and  G. llanoi Torres, 1964 .</p><p>Distribution. Species of  Guaranisaria have been reported from Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay (Sanborn 2011b; Sanborn &amp; Heath 2014; Nunes et al. 2023).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DC87BB5B726C36BEAFFC239F6CB421	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanborn, Allen F.	Sanborn, Allen F. (2024): Redescription of Carinetini Distant, 1905 (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae) including a key to the genera, three new species, two new combinations, a new record and comments on the taxonomic position of the genus Paranistria Metcalf, 1952. Journal of Insect Biodiversity 59 (1): 11-32, DOI: 10.12976/jib/2024.59.1.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.12976/jib/2024.59.1.2
03DC87BB5B726C36BEAFFAA09DC1B747.text	03DC87BB5B726C36BEAFFAA09DC1B747.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Novemcella Goding 1925	<div><p>Genus  Novemcella Goding, 1925</p><p>Novemcella Goding 1925: 30 .</p><p>Remarks. Goding (1925) describes the genus as having the characters of  Carineta except for the nine fore wing apical cells.</p><p>Type species.  Novemcella ecuatoriana Goding 1925: 30 (Azuay, Ecuador).</p><p>Included species.  Novemcella ecuatoriana Goding, 1925 .</p><p>Distribution. The only species of  Novemcella has been reported only from Ecuador (Goding 1925; Sanborn 2020e).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DC87BB5B726C36BEAFFAA09DC1B747	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanborn, Allen F.	Sanborn, Allen F. (2024): Redescription of Carinetini Distant, 1905 (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae) including a key to the genera, three new species, two new combinations, a new record and comments on the taxonomic position of the genus Paranistria Metcalf, 1952. Journal of Insect Biodiversity 59 (1): 11-32, DOI: 10.12976/jib/2024.59.1.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.12976/jib/2024.59.1.2
03DC87BB5B726C37BEAFF97A9CEFB01B.text	03DC87BB5B726C37BEAFF97A9CEFB01B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Toulgoetalna Boulard 1982	<div><p>Genus  Toulgoetalna Boulard, 1982</p><p>Toulgoetalna Boulard 1982: 179 .</p><p>Remarks. Boulard (1982) describes the genus as having a head as wide as the mesonotum, a frons that is slightly shorter than the vertex, the vertex is almost entirely occupied by the ocellar triangle, compound eyes that together occupying more than half of the head when viewed from above, the pronotum is significantly shorter than the mesonotum by the length of the cruciform elevation, opercula are present, the fore wings are significantly longer than the body length with the median and cubitus anterior veins leaving the basal cell at two very close points and remaining parallel for a short distance, the male abdomen strongly and more or less constricted at the base, reduced but functional timbal organ, tiny timbals, no timbal covers; medium-sized tympana, and genitalia close to the Carinetan type (presence of pseudo-parameres). The constricted base of the male abdomen makes identification of the male very easy.</p><p>Type species.  Toulgoetalna tavakiliani Boulard 1982: 181 (Saül, French Guiana).</p><p>Included species.  Toulgoetalna tavakiliani Boulard, 1982 .</p><p>Distribution. The only known species of  Toulgoetalna has been reported from French Guiana and Ecuador (Boulard 1982; Sanborn 2020e).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DC87BB5B726C37BEAFF97A9CEFB01B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Sanborn, Allen F.	Sanborn, Allen F. (2024): Redescription of Carinetini Distant, 1905 (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae) including a key to the genera, three new species, two new combinations, a new record and comments on the taxonomic position of the genus Paranistria Metcalf, 1952. Journal of Insect Biodiversity 59 (1): 11-32, DOI: 10.12976/jib/2024.59.1.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.12976/jib/2024.59.1.2
