identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03D887DD903DB604FF64A403DE61C37F.text	03D887DD903DB604FF64A403DE61C37F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Elaver O. Pickard-Cambridge 1898	<div><p>Genus:  Elaver O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1898</p><p>Type species.  Elaver tigrina O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1898</p><p>Remarks. For genus diagnosis and description, see Saturnino &amp; Bonaldo (2015).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D887DD903DB604FF64A403DE61C37F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Chamé-Vázquez, David;Jiménez, María-Luisa	Chamé-Vázquez, David, Jiménez, María-Luisa (2025): A new sac spider of the genus Elaver O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1898 (Araneae: Clubionidae) from western Mexico. Zootaxa 5618 (2): 295-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5618.2.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5618.2.10
03D887DD903CB600FF64A380DB25C5A5.text	03D887DD903CB600FF64A380DB25C5A5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Elaver gibarrai Chamé-Vázquez & Jiménez 2025	<div><p>Elaver gibarrai spec. nov.</p><p>Figs 1–14</p><p>Type material.   Holotype: 1♂ from MEXICO: Jalisco: [Mpio. La Huerta, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-105.044&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=19.498" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -105.044/lat 19.498)">Reserva de la Biosfera Chamela-Cuixmala</a>], <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-105.044&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=19.498" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -105.044/lat 19.498)">Estación de Biología Chamela</a>, ‘ <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-105.044&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=19.498" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -105.044/lat 19.498)">Cuenca</a> 4A’ [19.498°N, 105.044°W], fumigation, ?? September 1992, A. Pescador, A. Rodríguez, J.A. Gómez, C. Yen. leg. (CARCIB-Ar-051)  .  Paratypes: same data as for holotype, 1♂, 1♀ (CARCIB-Ar-339);  same data as for holotype, except 14 May 1993, 1♀ (CARCIB-Ar-340);  same data as preceding, 1♂ (CARCIB-Ar-341);  same data as preceding, except 25 February 1993, 1♀ (CARCIB-Ar-355);  same data as preceding, except 14 May 1993, A. Pescador, A. Rodríguez, J.A. Gómez, leg., 1♂ (CARCIB-Ar-356) .</p><p>Etymology. The specific epithet is a patronym in honor of Guillermo Ibarra Núñez (ECOSUR, Mexico), who has improved the knowledge of Mexican spiders.</p><p>Diagnosis. Males of  E. gibarrai spec. nov. resemble those of  E. mulaiki (Gertsch, 1935) and  E. wheeleri (Roewer, 1933) in the flat tegular flap and relatively small RTA, differing by the relatively long median apophysis with basal digitiform projection (Figs 9, 10–13) (median apophysis small and subtriangular in  E. mulaiki and  E. wheeleri, Saturnino &amp; Bonaldo 2015, figs 252, 253, 256, 257) and by the short and distally truncated RTA with a tiny spike (Figs 10, 14) (RTA distally pointed in  E. mulaiki and  E. wheeleri, Saturnino &amp; Bonaldo 2015, figs 253, 257). Females of  E. gibarrai spec. nov. resemble those of  E. placida O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1898 in having the vulva components occupying the posterior half of epigyne, differing by the lack of the epigynal scape (Figs 5–7) (short scape in  E. placida, Saturnino &amp; Bonaldo 2015, figs 304, 305).</p><p>Description. Male (Holotype). Coloration (Figs 1–2): Carapace orange, darker anteriorly, paler posteriorly; thoracic groove brownish; chelicerae brownish. Endites and labium pale brownish. Sternum pale yellow with brownish margins. Legs pale orange, femora lighter. Abdomen pale yellow, cardiac mark yellowish, four diffuse broken small lines near anal tubercle. Chelicerae with five promarginal teeth, fourth largest; four retromarginal teeth, separated by their width. Measurements: Total length 4.80. Carapace 2.30 long, 1.60 wide. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.14, ALE 0.14, PME 0.14, PLE 0.12. AME–AME 0.04, AME–ALE 0.04, PME–PME 0.22, PME–PLE 0.20, AME–PME 0.10, ALE–PLE 0.04, clypeus AME 0.04, clypeus ALE 0.04. Palp 2.20 (0.79, 0.36, 0.39, 0.66); Leg I 4.60 (1.25, 0.75, 1.10, 1.00, 0.50); II 5.4 (1.50, 0.75, 1.50, 1.10, 0.55); III 3.95 (1.05, 0.45, 0.80, 1.25, 0.40); IV 6.15 (1.85, 0.75, 1.25, 1.85, 0.45). Leg formula. IV-II-I-III. Spination: Palp Fm: d 0-0-2, r 2; Ti p 2-2. Leg. I—Fm d 1-1, Ti v 2-2; Mt v 2-0-0. II—Fm d 1-1-1, r 1,1; Ti v 0-2-2; Mt, v 2-0-0. III—Fm d 1-1-1, p 0-0-1, r 0-0-1; Pt r 1; Ti p 1-1, r 1, v 1-1-2; Mt d 1, p 1-1-1, r 1-1-1, v 2-2-2. IV—Fm d 1-1-1, p 0-0-1, r 0-0-1; Pt r 1; Ti p 1-1, r 1-1, 1-1-2; Mt d 1-1-1, p 0-1-1, r 0-1-1, v 2-2-2.</p><p>Palp (Figs 8–14). Femur, cylindrical and long, without apophysis; tibia slender, short, about two-thirds of cymbium length; RTA small and truncated, apex with tiny spike; tegulum oval; tegular flap housing the embolus marginally, bifurcated apically; hyaline conductor concave and broad, part of the distal part of tegular flap; median apophysis sclerotized, relatively long, about three-quarters of tegular flap length, with digitiform basal projection; basal embolar process absent; embolus filiform, with subdistal spine.</p><p>Female (Paratype CARCIB-Ar-339). Coloration as in male (Figs 3–4). Abdomen pale yellow. Chelicerae with five promarginal teeth, fourth largest, and five retromarginal teeth, separated by its width. Measurements: Total length 4.60. Carapace 1.65 long, 1.25 wide. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.12, ALE 0.12, PME 0.10, PLE 0.10. AME– AME 0.04, AME–ALE 0.04, PME–PME 0.14, PME–PLE 0.12, AME–PME 0.06, ALE–PLE 0.04, clypeus AME 0.04, clypeus ALE 0.04. Palp 1.57 (0.49, 0.23, 0.33, 0.52); Leg I 3.4 (1.05, 0.55, 0.75, 0.60, 0.45); II 3.50 (1.10, 0.60, 0.80, 0.55, 0.45); III 3.20 (1.40, 0.50, 1.00, 1.40, 0.45); IV 4.75 (1.40, 0.50, 1.00, 1.40, 0.45). Leg formula. IV-II-I-III. Spination: Palp Fm: d 0-1-2; Ti p 2-2; Ta r 1 p 2-1, v 2. Leg. I—Fm d 1-1-1, p 0-0-2; Ti v 2-2-0; Mt v 2-0-0. II—Fm d 1-1-1, r 0-0-1; Ti v 2-2-0; Mt v 2-0-0. III—Fm d 1-1-1, p 0-0-1, r 0-0-1; Ti r 1-1, v 0-1-0; Mt p 1-1-1, r 1-1-1, v 2-2-2. IV—Fm d 1-1-1, p 0-0-1, r 0-0-1; Ti p 0-1-1, r 0-1-1, v 0-1-0; Mt d 1-1-1; p-1-1, r 1-1, v 2-2-2.</p><p>Epigynum (Figs 5–7): epigynal plate slightly sclerotized; scape absent; atrium somewhat heart-shaped, shallow; copulatory openings located in the posterior atrial rim. Vulva: copulatory ducts very short, tubular; primary spermathecae stalk short, right-angled; primary spermathecae ovoid, contiguous; secondary spermathecae stalk thick, acute-angled; secondary spermathecae elongated; fertilization ducts thin and long (about secondary spermathecae length).</p><p>Variation. Males (N=2) Total length 4.50–4.65. Carapace 1.95–2.00 long, 1.35–2.10 wide. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.12–0.14, ALE 0.12–0.14, PME 0.12, PLE 0.10–0.12. AME–AME 0.04, AME–ALE 0.02–0.04, PME–PME 0.16–0.18, PME–PLE 0.12, AME–PME 0.06–0.12, ALE–PLE 0.04, clypeus AME 0.04, clypeus ALE 0.04. Palp 1.48–1.87 (0.66, 0.23–0.33, 0.33–0.36, 0.26–0.52. Leg I 3.25–4.10 (1.25, 0.70–0.75, 1.00–1.05, 0.75–0.80, 0.35– 0.55); II 4.90–5.40 (1.20–1.40, 0.70–0.75, 1.20–1.35, 0.85–0.95, 0.50); III 3.40–4.00 (1.00–1.05, 0.50–0.60, 0.75–0.85, 0.80–1.10, 0.35–0.40); IV 5.90 (1.55–1.70, 0.60–0.70, 1.15–1.35, 1.75, 0.45–0.50). Females (N=3) Total length 4.1–5.74. Carapace 1.75–2.00 long, 1.30–1.50 wide. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.12–0.14, ALE 0.12, PME 0.10 PLE 0.10–0.12. AME–AME 0.04, AME–ALE 0.04, PME–PME 0.16–0.20, PME–PLE 0.12–0.20, AME–PME 0.04– 0.10, ALE–PLE 0.04–0.08, clypeus AME 0.02–0.06, clypeus ALE 0.02–0.04. Palp 1.25–1.35 (0.36–0.49, 0.16–0.19, 0.23–0.26, 0.29–0.43); Leg I 3.25–4.0 (1.00–1.20, 0.50–0.75, 0.75–0.90, 0.60–0.75, 0.40–0.45); II 3.45–4.05 (0.95–1.25, 0.55–0.60, 0.90–1.05, 0.60–0.75, 0.40–0.45); III 3.10–3.90 (0.95–1.2, 0.40–0.65, 0.55–0.75, 0.80–1.00, 0.30–0.40); IV 4.9–5.85 (1.35–1.75, 0.60–0.65, 1.10–1.25, 1.35–1.70, 0.45–0.50).</p><p>Natural history. Most likely this species inhabits the deciduous forest, which is the predominant plant community in the region.</p><p>Distribution. This species is only known from the type locality.</p><p>Remarks. In females, the epigyne of  Elaver gibarrai spec. nov. is markedly distinct, lacking the epigynal scape characteristic of most  Elaver species. While  E. vieirae Saturnino &amp; Bonaldo, 2015 and  E. placida exhibit a short scape,  E. placida bears a closer morphological resemblance with  Elaver gibarrai spec. nov., possessing copulatory openings in the posterior atrial margin and secondary spermathecae larger than the primary ones. However,  E. gibarrai spec. nov. presents a larger atrium with lateral atrial pockets, and the overall shape and position of the vulva components differ substantially. Although the female genitalia are not entirely typical for the genus, the male genitalia of  Elaver gibarrai spec. nov. are unambiguous, possessing both median apophysis and tegular flap. Moreover, the embolus is long, filiform, and running behind the retrolateral margin of the tegular flap. However, unlike that other species occurring in Mexico, such as  E. calcarata (Kraus, 1955),  E. crocota (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1896),  E. depuncta O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1898,  E. helenae Saturnino &amp; Bonaldo, 2015,  E. mirabilis (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1896),  E. texana (Gertsch, 1933), and  Elaver tigrina O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1898, the tegular flap is not greatly enlarged nor projected (spoon-shaped). As noticed by Saturnino &amp; Bonaldo (2015) species with flat tegular flaps are usually associated with epigyna possessing shallow atrium and short scape. In this regard,  Elaver gibarrai spec. nov. can be considered more related to  E. mulaiki,  E. placida, and  E. wheeleri, than to species characterized by a spoon-shaped tegular flap, a deep atrium, and a long scape. However, the new species can be readily distinguished from these and other congeners by the shape and relative length of the median apophysis and RTA.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D887DD903CB600FF64A380DB25C5A5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Chamé-Vázquez, David;Jiménez, María-Luisa	Chamé-Vázquez, David, Jiménez, María-Luisa (2025): A new sac spider of the genus Elaver O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1898 (Araneae: Clubionidae) from western Mexico. Zootaxa 5618 (2): 295-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5618.2.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5618.2.10
03D887DD9039B600FF64A668DEBAC32C.text	03D887DD9039B600FF64A668DEBAC32C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Elaver wheeleri (Roewer 1933)	<div><p>Elaver wheeleri (Roewer, 1933)</p><p>Figs 15–19</p><p>Material examined.   MEXICO: Jalisco: [Mpio. La Huerta, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-105.044&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=19.498" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -105.044/lat 19.498)">Reserva de la Biosfera Chamela-Cuixmala</a>], <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-105.044&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=19.498" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -105.044/lat 19.498)">Estación de Biología Chamela</a>, ‘Cuenca 4A’ [19.498°N, 105.044°W], fumigation, 24 February 1994, A. Cadena, J. Palacios, A. Pescador, leg., 1♀ (CARCIB-Ar-5360) ;  same data as preceding, except 25 February 1993, 2♀ (CARCIB-Ar-5361);  same data as preceding, except 14 May 1993, A. Pescador, A. Rodríguez, J.A. Gómez, leg., 3♂, 1♀ (CARCIB-Ar-5363) .</p><p>Remarks. The epigyne of the examined female exhibits minor morphological differences compared to previously published illustrations. Specifically, the examined specimen possesses a more evident narrow atrium and lacks the median sclerotized spot on the scape. Additionally, the indentation observed on the copulatory ducts corresponds to the notch on the posterior atrial border. However, the overall vulval conformation remains consistent with published figures (Figs 17– 19 vs. Saturnino &amp; Bonaldo 2015: figs 254–255). This finding represents the second  Elaver species recorded in Western Mexico, with previous records restricted to Veracruz and Chiapas, Mexico (Saturnino &amp; Bonaldo 2015).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D887DD9039B600FF64A668DEBAC32C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Chamé-Vázquez, David;Jiménez, María-Luisa	Chamé-Vázquez, David, Jiménez, María-Luisa (2025): A new sac spider of the genus Elaver O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1898 (Araneae: Clubionidae) from western Mexico. Zootaxa 5618 (2): 295-300, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5618.2.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5618.2.10
