taxonID	type	description	language	source
03ED6944FFC1FFA5FF745934FD94FC47.taxon	description	(Figs 1, 3, 9, 15, 21) urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 374 E 3 C 1 C- 15 A 0 - 4 EBC-A 79 F-B 0 B 14159325 B	en	Introduction, Jens-Hermann Stuke (2021): New European species of Athyroglossa Loew, 1860 (Diptera: Ephydridae) from Finland and the Republic of Georgia. Bonn zoological Bulletin 70 (1): 85-95, DOI: 10.20363/BZB-2021.70.1.085, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.20363/bzb-2021.70.1.085
03ED6944FFC1FFA5FF745934FD94FC47.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype. FINLAND: ♂; (1) „ Fl Central Finland / Kolima 3.7 km ese / Pihtipudas / [63,342 ° N 25,621 ° E] / 18. vii. 2020, leg. Stuke / 2667 [cross written] ”. – (2) “ Ho- lotypus / Athyroglossa fennica ♂ / spec. nov. ♂ / Stuke det. 2020 ”. [The specimen is pinned using a minuten and is in excellent condition (Fig. 1). The holotype will be pre- served in the collection of the Museum für Naturkunde – Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Berlin, Germany (ZMB).]. Paratypes. FINLAND: 1 ♂, 18. vii. 2020, Central Finland, Kolima 3.7 km ESE Pihtipudas [63.342 ° N 25.621 ° E], leg. Stuke. – 1 ♂, 18. vii. 2020, Central Finland, Kolima 8.1 km ESE Pihtipudas [63,310 ° N 25,670 ° E], leg. Stuke.	en	Introduction, Jens-Hermann Stuke (2021): New European species of Athyroglossa Loew, 1860 (Diptera: Ephydridae) from Finland and the Republic of Georgia. Bonn zoological Bulletin 70 (1): 85-95, DOI: 10.20363/BZB-2021.70.1.085, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.20363/bzb-2021.70.1.085
03ED6944FFC1FFA5FF745934FD94FC47.taxon	description	Description (holotype, ♂) Body length about 2.2 mm. Wing length = 1.9 mm. Head height = 0.6 mm. Head black. Gena-eye-ratio (in lateral view genal height measured at the maximum eye height: eye height) = 0.8. Antenna black. First flagellomere strongly light brown dusted. Arista black, with 4 – 5 dorsal rays, basal rays slightly shorter than height of basal aristomere. Eye brown, all ommatidia about same size, no omma- trichia recorded. Eye height-length-ratio (in lateral view maximum eye height: maximum eye length) = 1.2. Ocelli forming an isosceles triangle. Frons with distinct brown dusting surrounding ocellar tubercle and reaching for- ward to ptilinal fissure and posterolaterally to the dorsal eye margin. Frontal triangle indistinct, reaching forward to the ptilinal fissure. Frontal triangle polished, inter- frontal vitta otherwise polished to very fine longitudinal wrinkled. Facial grooves with indistinct facial carina. Ventral face bulging and stretching ventrally beneath the clypeus. Facial grooves and parafacia silver dusted. Clypeus large, slightly wider than high, shiny, slightly microsculptured. Gena large, polished in upper ¾ and microsculptured in ventral ¼. Anteroventral margin and posteroventral margin of gena forming an angle of about 65 °. Postcranium brown dusted to subshining. Palpus brown, without setae. Proboscis reaching to mouth edge. 1 ocellar seta; 1 postocellar seta about as long as vertical setae; 1 outer and 1 inner vertical seta; no postorbital setae; 1 distinct reclinate and 1 distinct proclinate fron- to-orbital-seta; 1 large dorsal, 1 smaller but still distinct seta below and 3 minute facial setae; 1 distinct proclinate genal seta. Thorax black. Scutum finely microsculptured, scutel- lum more roughly microsculptured. Scutum and scutel- lum covered with short, brown, scattered setulae that are not arranged in lines. Scutum medially distinctly dusted, laterally shining. Scutellum subshining to shining. Ane- pisternum with several setulae. Anepimeron, posterior margin of anepisternum, meron, katatergite, subscute- llum and dorsal ⅔ of mediotergite dusted. Other pleu- rae shining. no acrostichal seta; 0 + 1 dorsocentral seta; 0 prescutellar seta; 1 intra-alar seta; 0 supra-alar seta; 1 small postpronotal seta; 2 notopleural seta, posterior inserted above level of anterior; 0 postalar seta; 1 sub- apical + 3 indistinct lateral scutellar seta, only subapical seta situated on a small tubercle; 1 small katepisternal seta; 1 small anepisternal seta. Wing membrane slight- ly brownish infuscated. Veins brown. Wing complete- ly covered with microtrichia. Alula about four times as wide as long. Dark brown setulae at hind margin of al- ula about twice as long as alula. Costal index I (straight line distance between the apices of R 1 and R 2 + 3 [section 2 of costa]: straight line distance between the apices of R 2 + 3 and R 4 + 5 [section 3 of costa]) = 2.7. Costal index II (straight line distance between the apices of R 4 + 5 and R 2 + 3 [section 3 of costa]: straight line distance between the api- ces of Media and R 4 + 5 [section 4 of costa]) = 2.1. R 4 + 5 vein-ratio (straight line distance along vein R 4 + 5 between crossvein r-m and branch of R 4 + 5 and R 2 + 3 [Section 1 of R 4 + 5]: distance apicad of r-m [section 2 of R 4 + 5]) = 0.1. M vein-ratio (straight line distance along vein M between crossveins dm-cu and r-m [section 1 of M]: distance apicad of dm-cu [section 2 of M]) = 0.6. M vein-ratio (straight line distance along vein M between crossveins dm-cu and r-m: distance apicad of dm-cu) = 0.6. Base and stem of halter brown, knob of halter black. Legs black with tarsi lighter dark brown to yellow. Fore tarsi dark brown, middle and hind tarsi brown. Legs mostly sub- shining, all tibiae shining on dorsal surfaces. Legs cov- ered with small setulae. Fore femur with conspicuous, slightly longer, regular setulae arranged on posteroventral surface, long setae anteroventrally towards the apex of the middle femur and some regularly arranged pos- teroventral setulae at the apex of the hind femur. Mid- dle tibia distally with 2 ventral setae. Metatarsus II-tibia II-ratio (length metatarsus 2: length tibia 2) = 0.5. Fore femur distally with 2 inconspicuous posteroventral short spines. Abdomen black. Tergites laterally reflexed under. Terg- ites smooth. Tergite 1 completely dusted. Tergites 2 + 3 broadly dusted in the middle with a small shining hind margin, dusted at the anterior margin and dusted at the extreme lateral margin. Tergite 4 broadly dusted in an- terior 2 / 3 of the middle and at the anterior margin. Terg- ite 5 completely dusted dorsally. Tergites covered with scattered black setulae. Tergite III-IV-ratio (length tergite 3 medially: length tergite 4 medially) = 0.9. Tergite IV- V-ratio (length tergite 4 medially: length tergite 5 medi- ally) = 2.3. Description of male postabdomen and sternites based on 1 dissected paratype: Sternites 3 – 5 as shown in Fig. 3: Sternites 3 – 4 moderately large, elongated. Sternite 5 di- vided in two triangular sclerites. A small additional scler- ite between sternites 4 and 5. Sternites 3 – 5 covered with scattered setulae. Epandrium as Figs 9 and 15: hind mar- gin about as long as cercus, without ventral protuberance and therefore hind margin in lateral view almost straight. Epandrium with minute setulae and hind margin behind cerci with 4 strong setae. Cercus elongated, covered with microtrichia and setae. Surstylus as Figs 9 and 15: elon- gated, base broadened, dorsally concave, ventrally slightly concave, posterodorsally separated from epandrium, anteriorly upcurved and pointed anteromedially. No set- ulae present on surstylus. Hypandrium as Fig. 21: with a large anteriorly directed appendix that is almost as long as wide and anteriorly hollowed out. Additionally, with a narrow ventrally directed appendix. Postgonite elon- gated, anteriorly rounded, dorsally almost straight, and ventrally without indentation. Pregonite distinct, slightly shorter than high, dorsally semicircular and ventrally straight. Variability. The dusting of the frons can cover almost all of the frons. Wing may be almost hyaline. Apical tar- someres may be black. Female. Female unknown.	en	Introduction, Jens-Hermann Stuke (2021): New European species of Athyroglossa Loew, 1860 (Diptera: Ephydridae) from Finland and the Republic of Georgia. Bonn zoological Bulletin 70 (1): 85-95, DOI: 10.20363/BZB-2021.70.1.085, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.20363/bzb-2021.70.1.085
03ED6944FFC1FFA5FF745934FD94FC47.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species is easily recognised by the com- bination of black fore tarsi and long postocellar seta. The only other Palearctic Athyroglossa with black fore tarsi is A. flaviventris (Meigen, 1830), and it has a reduced postocellar seta. Additional characters to separate both species are given in the key below. With the table of the West Palearctic species presented by Mathis & Zatwarnicki (1990) A. fennica spec. nov. will key out at couplet 4 with the separation of A. flaviventris and A. glabra (Meigen, 1830) where a decision to one of the keys alternatives is not possible anymore. In the key to Nearctic species (Wirth 1970), A. fennica spec. nov. will be identified as A. glabra. 88 Jens-Hermann Stuke	en	Introduction, Jens-Hermann Stuke (2021): New European species of Athyroglossa Loew, 1860 (Diptera: Ephydridae) from Finland and the Republic of Georgia. Bonn zoological Bulletin 70 (1): 85-95, DOI: 10.20363/BZB-2021.70.1.085, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.20363/bzb-2021.70.1.085
03ED6944FFC1FFA5FF745934FD94FC47.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The Latin female adjective “ fennica ” de- scribes the known distribution of this new species that is known thus far from central Finland.	en	Introduction, Jens-Hermann Stuke (2021): New European species of Athyroglossa Loew, 1860 (Diptera: Ephydridae) from Finland and the Republic of Georgia. Bonn zoological Bulletin 70 (1): 85-95, DOI: 10.20363/BZB-2021.70.1.085, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.20363/bzb-2021.70.1.085
03ED6944FFC1FFA5FF745934FD94FC47.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Although the author visited 128 locations all over Finland to collect Ephydridae and several looked very similar to the locations of A. fennica, this new species was only recorded at two adjacent sites in central Finland.	en	Introduction, Jens-Hermann Stuke (2021): New European species of Athyroglossa Loew, 1860 (Diptera: Ephydridae) from Finland and the Republic of Georgia. Bonn zoological Bulletin 70 (1): 85-95, DOI: 10.20363/BZB-2021.70.1.085, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.20363/bzb-2021.70.1.085
03ED6944FFC1FFA5FF745934FD94FC47.taxon	biology_ecology	Ecology. All specimens were collected along man-made shores with sparse vegetation of a lake. One locality is a larger harbour, the other one a small area that is used for fishing and bathing. Such localities are the only locations where collecting Ephydridae was successful at large Finnish lakes. At one of the locations A. glabra occurred together with A. fennica spec. nov.	en	Introduction, Jens-Hermann Stuke (2021): New European species of Athyroglossa Loew, 1860 (Diptera: Ephydridae) from Finland and the Republic of Georgia. Bonn zoological Bulletin 70 (1): 85-95, DOI: 10.20363/BZB-2021.70.1.085, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.20363/bzb-2021.70.1.085
03ED6944FFC3FFAFFCF95934FD06FE17.taxon	description	(Figs 2, 6, 12, 18, 24) urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 30 B 1 D 772 - 4884 - 464 B-B 308 - 86441830440 B	en	Introduction, Jens-Hermann Stuke (2021): New European species of Athyroglossa Loew, 1860 (Diptera: Ephydridae) from Finland and the Republic of Georgia. Bonn zoological Bulletin 70 (1): 85-95, DOI: 10.20363/BZB-2021.70.1.085, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.20363/bzb-2021.70.1.085
03ED6944FFC3FFAFFCF95934FD06FE17.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype. GEORGIA: ♂; (1) “ Georgia, Debeda River / n Kirach-Mughanlo / (41,340 ° N 45,051 ° E) / 30.06.2019, Stuke leg. / 2459 [cross written] ”. – (2) “ Holotypus / Athyroglossa kuraensis ♂ / spec. nov. ♂ / Stuke det. 2020 ”. [The specimen is pinned using a minuten and is in excellent condition (Fig. 2). The holotype will be pre- served in the collection of the Museum für Naturkunde – Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Berlin, Germany (ZMB).] Paratypes. GEORGIA: 4 ♂♂, 1 ♀; 30. vi. 2019, Debe- da River E of Kirach-Mughanlo [41,334 ° N 45,068 ° E]; 4 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; 30. vi. 2019, Debeda River N of Khan- ji-Gazlo [41,357 ° N 45,005 ° E], leg. Stuke. – 7 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀; 30. vi. 2019, Debeda River n Kirach-Mughanlo [41,340 ° N 45,051 ° E], leg. Stuke. – 1 ♀; 30. vi. 2019, Kura River 1.6 km E of Ilmazo [41,428 ° N 45,043 ° E], leg. Stuke. – 1 ♀; 30. vi. 2019, Kura River 2.0 km ESE Ilmazo [41,420 ° N 45,044 ° E], leg. Stuke.	en	Introduction, Jens-Hermann Stuke (2021): New European species of Athyroglossa Loew, 1860 (Diptera: Ephydridae) from Finland and the Republic of Georgia. Bonn zoological Bulletin 70 (1): 85-95, DOI: 10.20363/BZB-2021.70.1.085, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.20363/bzb-2021.70.1.085
03ED6944FFC3FFAFFCF95934FD06FE17.taxon	description	Description (holotype, ♂) Body length about 2.3 mm. Wing length = 1.8 mm. Head height = 0.7 mm. Head black. Gena-eye-ratio (in lateral view genal height measured at the maximum eye height: eye height) = 0.7. Scape black, pedicel and first flagellomere orange brown. First flagellomere strongly white dusted. Arista black, with 9 dorsal rays, basal rays slightly longer than width of basal aristomere. Eye brown, all ommatidia about same size, with minute ommatrichia. Eye height-length-ratio (in lateral view maximum eye height: max- imum eye length) = 1.5. Ocelli forming an isosceles tri- angle. Frons shining. Frontal triangle indistinct, reaching forward to the ptilinal fissure. Frontal triangle polished, interfrontal vitta otherwise fine longitudinal wrinkled. Facial grooves with indistinct facial carina. Ventral face bulging and stretching ventrally beneath the clypeus. Facial grooves and parafacia strongly silver dusted. Clypeus large, slightly wider than high, shiny, slightly microsculptured. Gena large, polished in upper ⅔ and microsculptured in ventral ⅓. Anteroventral margin and posteroventral margin of gena forming an angle of about 65 °. Postcranium subshining. Palpus brown, without se- tae. Proboscis reaching to mouth edge. Chaetotaxy head: 1 ocellar seta; 1 postocellar seta about as long as vertical setae; 1 outer and 1 inner vertical seta; several minute postorbital setae; 1 distinct reclinate fronto-orbital-seta and 2 minute proclinate front-orbital setae; 1 large dorsal and about 8 minute (difficult to see) facial setae; 1 dis- tinct proclinate genal seta. Thorax black. Scutum finely microsculptured, scutel- lum more roughly microsculptured. Scutum and scute- llum covered with short, brown, scattered setulae that are not arranged in lines. Scutum medially subshining to slightly dusted, laterally shining. Scutellum subshin- ing. Anepisternum with several setulae. Posterior half of anepimeron, meron, katatergite, subscutellum and dorsal half of mediotergite dusted. Other pleurae shining. Chae- totaxy thorax: no acrostichal seta; 0 + 1 dorsocentral seta; 0 prescutellar seta; 1 intra-alar seta; 0 supra-alar seta; 1 small postpronotal seta; 2 notopleural seta, posterior inserted above level of anterior; 0 postalar seta; 1 sub- apical + 1 lateral scutellar seta, both situated on small tu- bercles; 1 small katepisternal seta; 1 small anepisternal seta. Wing membrane hyaline, indistinctly darker around dm-cu. Veins white but dm-cu, middle part of R 2 + 3, mid- dle part of R 4 + 5 and apex of CuA 1 dark brown. Wing com- pletely covered with microtrichia. Alula about twice as wide as long. Dark brown setulae at hind margin of alula about as long as alula. Costal index I (straight line distance between the api- ces of R 1 and R 2 + 3 [section 2 of costa]: straight line dis- tance between the apices of R 2 + 3 and R 4 + 5 [section 3 of costa]) = 3.0. Costal index II (straight line distance dis- tance between the apices of R 4 + 5 and R 2 + 3 [section 3 of costa]: straight line distance between the apices of Me- dia and R 4 + 5 [section 4 of costa]) = 2.1. R 4 + 5 vein-ratio (straight line distance along vein R 4 + 5 between crossvein r-m and branch of R 4 + 5 and R 2 + 3 [Section 1 of R 4 + 5]: dis- tance apicad of r-m [section 2 of R 4 + 5]) = 0.2. M vein-ratio (straight line distance along vein M between crossveins dm-cu and r-m [section 1 of M]: distance apicad of dm-cu [section 2 of M]) = 0.5. Base and stem of halter light brown, knob of halter white. Legs black with apex of fore and hind tibiae yellow and middle tibia yellow. All 3 basal tarsomeres light yellow. Legs partly silver to grey dusted with middle tibia completely dusted. Legs covered with small setulae. Obvious are slightly longer posteroventral setulae on the fore femur. Middle tibia distally with 2 ventral setae. Metatarsus II-tibia II-ratio (length meta- tarsus 2: length tibia 2) = 0.5. Fore femur distally with 5 inconspicuous posteroventral short spines. Abdomen black. Tergites laterally reflexed under. Terg- ites smooth. Tergite 1 completely dusted. Tergites 2 + 3 broadly dusted in the middle. Tergite 4 broadly dusted in anterior 2 / 3 of the middle, tergite 5 only with a small central macula. Tergites covered with single brown setu- lae. Tergite III-IV-ratio (length tergite 3 medially: length tergite 4 medially) = 0.8. Tergite IV-V-ratio (length terg- ite 4 medially: length tergite 5 medially) = 2.2. Description of male postabdomen and sternites based on 3 dissected paratypes: Sternites 3 – 5 as shown in gated, pointed, dorsally almost straight, and ventrally with a subapical indentation. Pregonite distinct, with an almost circular base and a pointed anterior tip. Variability. The colouration of mid tibia varies between yellow and light brown. The amount of dusting on scu- tum may be less in older specimens. Female. Females do not differ from males other than in characters of the postabdomen.	en	Introduction, Jens-Hermann Stuke (2021): New European species of Athyroglossa Loew, 1860 (Diptera: Ephydridae) from Finland and the Republic of Georgia. Bonn zoological Bulletin 70 (1): 85-95, DOI: 10.20363/BZB-2021.70.1.085, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.20363/bzb-2021.70.1.085
03ED6944FFC3FFAFFCF95934FD06FE17.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Athyroglossa kuraensis spec. nov. has a reduced postocellar seta, white halteres, dark brown to black fore and hind tibiae and white basal fore tarsomeres and therewith can be only confused with A. nudiuscula. A. nudiuscula Loew, 1873 is compared with A. kuraensis spec. nov. in the key below. The most obvious diag- nostic character of A. kuraensis spec. nov. is the slightly dusted scutum and scutellum. With the table of the West Palaearctic species of Mathis & Zatwarnicki (1990) A. kuraensis spec. nov. will be identified as non-Euro- pean A. argyrata. Both species share important charac- ters, such as dusting of the scutum and scutellum, white veins at the wing base and antenna that are partly orange. However, A. argyrata has a distinctly microsculptured face below the antennal grooves (polished in A. kuraensis), light yellow orange hind tibia (brown to black in A. kuraensis), dorsally shining middle tibia (completely dusted in A. kuraensis spec. nov.) and obviously dusted parafacial and facial ridge (only parafacial partly dusted in A. kuraensis spec. nov.).	en	Introduction, Jens-Hermann Stuke (2021): New European species of Athyroglossa Loew, 1860 (Diptera: Ephydridae) from Finland and the Republic of Georgia. Bonn zoological Bulletin 70 (1): 85-95, DOI: 10.20363/BZB-2021.70.1.085, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.20363/bzb-2021.70.1.085
03ED6944FFC3FFAFFCF95934FD06FE17.taxon	etymology	Etymology. This species is named after the Kura river. The type material originates from the Kura and its tribu- tary, the Debeda river.	en	Introduction, Jens-Hermann Stuke (2021): New European species of Athyroglossa Loew, 1860 (Diptera: Ephydridae) from Finland and the Republic of Georgia. Bonn zoological Bulletin 70 (1): 85-95, DOI: 10.20363/BZB-2021.70.1.085, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.20363/bzb-2021.70.1.085
03ED6944FFC3FFAFFCF95934FD06FE17.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Although Ephydridae have been collect- ed all over eastern Georgia and suitable habitats with other Athyroglossa species have been visited regularly, A. kuraensis spec. nov. has only been recorded thus far from a very small area at the border with Azerbaijan (Fig. 27).	en	Introduction, Jens-Hermann Stuke (2021): New European species of Athyroglossa Loew, 1860 (Diptera: Ephydridae) from Finland and the Republic of Georgia. Bonn zoological Bulletin 70 (1): 85-95, DOI: 10.20363/BZB-2021.70.1.085, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.20363/bzb-2021.70.1.085
03ED6944FFC3FFAFFCF95934FD06FE17.taxon	biology_ecology	Ecology. All specimens of A. kuraensis spec. nov. were collected by sweeping at shores of the Debeda or Kura rivers or a nearby gravel pit with little or no vegetation. Sympatric species of Athyroglossa recorded at the locations are A. nudiuscula and A. ordinata. However, A. kuraensis spec. nov. was the most numerous species among the collected specimens of Athyroglossa.	en	Introduction, Jens-Hermann Stuke (2021): New European species of Athyroglossa Loew, 1860 (Diptera: Ephydridae) from Finland and the Republic of Georgia. Bonn zoological Bulletin 70 (1): 85-95, DOI: 10.20363/BZB-2021.70.1.085, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.20363/bzb-2021.70.1.085
