taxonID	type	description	language	source
03F687F9FFEFFFFF72C592F2A72C7230.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Marine water (salinity 37.8 ‰, temperature 18.3 ℃) collected from Sodol beach, Jumun-ri, Jumunjin-eup, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Korea (37 ° 54 ʹ 24.6 ʺ N, 128 ° 49 ʹ 41.7 ʺ E) on May 15, 2023.	en	Jung, Ji Hye Choi and Jae-Ho (2024): New record of two spirotrichous ciliate species (Protozoa, Ciliophora) collected from coasts of South Korea. Journal of Species Research 13 (4): 373-377, DOI: 10.12651/JSR.2024.13.4.373
03F687F9FFEFFFFF72C592F2A72C7230.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Size 76 - 78 × 42 - 49 μm after protargol impregnation (n = 3); body bean-shaped; cortex rigid; peristomial spur and projections along left margin on ventral side lacking (Fig. 1 A); anterior adoral zone of membranelles (AZM 1) about 4 μm long with 4 membranelles, posterior adoral zone of membranelles (AZM 2) about 24 μm long after protargol impregnation and with 15 - 18 membranelles; invariably seven frontoventral cirri in “ polystyla - arrangement ”; five transverse cirri, cilia of each transverse cirrus not separated (Fig. 1 A); four dorsal kineties with 25 - 28, 18 - 22, 19 - 23, and 22 - 24 dikinetids in dorsal kineties 1 - 4, respectively (Fig. 1 B); dorsal kinety 1 distinctly curved to right posteriorly and ends near posterior end of dorsal kinety 2 (Fig. 1 C); two ellipsoid macronuclei, micronucleus not observed (Fig. 1 D).	en	Jung, Ji Hye Choi and Jae-Ho (2024): New record of two spirotrichous ciliate species (Protozoa, Ciliophora) collected from coasts of South Korea. Journal of Species Research 13 (4): 373-377, DOI: 10.12651/JSR.2024.13.4.373
03F687F9FFEFFFFF72C592F2A72C7230.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Germany, South Korea	en	Jung, Ji Hye Choi and Jae-Ho (2024): New record of two spirotrichous ciliate species (Protozoa, Ciliophora) collected from coasts of South Korea. Journal of Species Research 13 (4): 373-377, DOI: 10.12651/JSR.2024.13.4.373
03F687F9FFEFFFFF72C592F2A72C7230.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The Korean population of Aspidisca major corresponds with the German population redescribed by Kahl (1932) in all available aspects. Aspidisca major is a special species among the congeners in having two macronuclei (Fig. 1 D). Because of this feature, A. major, A. binucleata Kahl, 1932, A. fusca Kahl, 1928, and A. mutans Kahl, 1932 can be easily distinguished from other members of the genus Aspidisca. However, A. major differs from A. binucleata in the number of frontoventral cirri (7 vs. 9). Aspidisca mutans differs from A. major by the number of frontoventral cirri (12 vs. 7) and the number of transverse cirri (7 vs. 5) (Kahl, 1932). Aspidisca fusca differs from A. major by the presence of a peristomial spur (present vs. absent) (Wu and Curds, 1979). Considering the arrangement of frontoventral cirri, number of membranelles in AZM 1 and the presence of peristomial spur, the Korean population of A. major is similar to A. steini however, they differ mainly in the number of macronuclei (two vs. one) and larger body size (76 - 78 × 42 - 49 μm vs. 20 - 35 × 15 - 27 μm) (Wu and Curds, 1979; Song and Wilbert, 1997). Voucher slides. Two slides with protargol-impregnated specimens were deposited at the National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea (MABIK PR 00045067, MABIK PR 00045068).	en	Jung, Ji Hye Choi and Jae-Ho (2024): New record of two spirotrichous ciliate species (Protozoa, Ciliophora) collected from coasts of South Korea. Journal of Species Research 13 (4): 373-377, DOI: 10.12651/JSR.2024.13.4.373
03F687F9FFECFFFE72FB9679A7327686.taxon	description	(Fig. 2)	en	Jung, Ji Hye Choi and Jae-Ho (2024): New record of two spirotrichous ciliate species (Protozoa, Ciliophora) collected from coasts of South Korea. Journal of Species Research 13 (4): 373-377, DOI: 10.12651/JSR.2024.13.4.373
03F687F9FFECFFFE72FB9679A7327686.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Marine water (salinity 36.1 ‰, temperature 16.8 ℃) collected from Sanyang-eup, Tongyeong-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, South Korea (34 ° 49 ʹ 16 ʺ N, 128 ° 26 ʹ 27 ʺ E) on April 17, 2023.	en	Jung, Ji Hye Choi and Jae-Ho (2024): New record of two spirotrichous ciliate species (Protozoa, Ciliophora) collected from coasts of South Korea. Journal of Species Research 13 (4): 373-377, DOI: 10.12651/JSR.2024.13.4.373
03F687F9FFECFFFE72FB9679A7327686.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Size 68 - 77 × 49 - 58 μm after protargol impregnation (n = 3); body oval to ellipsoidal with brick-reddish color; body flexible and slightly contractile; adoral zone of membranelles occupies about 50 % of body length; 36 - 44 adoral membranelles; 1 buccal cirrus; 3 frontal, 8 - 9 frontoterminal, and 5 - 6 transverse cirri; 13 - 16 midventral pairs and a midventral row with about 8 - 12 cirri, extending to the midline of body; 10 - 12 left and 6 - 7 right marginal rows (Fig. 2 A); three dorsal kineties (Fig. 2 B); and about 70 macronuclear nodules.	en	Jung, Ji Hye Choi and Jae-Ho (2024): New record of two spirotrichous ciliate species (Protozoa, Ciliophora) collected from coasts of South Korea. Journal of Species Research 13 (4): 373-377, DOI: 10.12651/JSR.2024.13.4.373
03F687F9FFECFFFE72FB9679A7327686.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Antarctic, South Korea	en	Jung, Ji Hye Choi and Jae-Ho (2024): New record of two spirotrichous ciliate species (Protozoa, Ciliophora) collected from coasts of South Korea. Journal of Species Research 13 (4): 373-377, DOI: 10.12651/JSR.2024.13.4.373
03F687F9FFECFFFE72FB9679A7327686.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The Korean population of Metaurostylopsis rubra is similar to the type population of M. rubra described by Song and Wilbert (2002) in most features except for the slightly non-overlapping number of midventral pairs (13 - 16 vs. 8 - 11) and left marginal rows (10 - 12 vs. 6 - 9) (Song and Wilbert, 2002). Metaurostylopsis rubra can be easily distinguished from other congeners by the cell color and the number of midventral pairs and left marginal rows (Fig. 2 A). Since the number of living cells were not enough to examine in detail, we cannot determine whether the reddish color of the cells is due to the reddish cytoplasm or the cortical granules. Among the congeners, there is no species with more than six right marginal rows (Song et al., 2020). Also, only two species, M. struederkypkeae and M. parastruederkypkeae Lu et al., 2016, have reddish body color like M. rubra, but they differ from the present Korean population by the number of right marginal rows (3 vs. 3 - 5 vs. 6 - 7) (Shao et al., 2008 b; Lu et al., 2016; Song et al., 2020). Voucher slides. Two slides with protargol-impregnated specimens were deposited at the National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea (MABIK PR 00045065, MABIK PR 00045066).	en	Jung, Ji Hye Choi and Jae-Ho (2024): New record of two spirotrichous ciliate species (Protozoa, Ciliophora) collected from coasts of South Korea. Journal of Species Research 13 (4): 373-377, DOI: 10.12651/JSR.2024.13.4.373
