identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03FE9B3B2E0CE66CFF57F2ACFD7AB3BC.text	03FE9B3B2E0CE66CFF57F2ACFD7AB3BC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cretoquedius Ryvkin 1988	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> GENUS †  CRETOQUEDIUS RYVKIN, 1988</p>
            <p> †  CRETOQUEDIUS INFRACTUS SOLODOVNIKOV &amp; YUE, 2013</p>
            <p> †  Quedius cretaceus Cai &amp; Huang, 2013 syn. nov. Comments </p>
            <p> The identical proportions of the body and antennal segments, eye size and habitus, plus the fact that the two taxa are from the Yixian Formation of China, justify the synonymy of †  Quedius cretaceus Cai &amp; Huang, 2013 with †  Cretoquedius infractus Solodovnikov &amp; Yue, 2013 . The potential synonymy was mentioned earlier by Chatzimanolis (2018) based on consultation with the senior author. Both names became available with the print versions of their respective article (both August 2013) and as neither has objective priority over the other, we act as first reviser and choose †  Cretoquedius infractus Solodovnikov &amp; Yue, 2013 to have priority over †  Quedius cretaceus Cai &amp; Huang, 2013 , because the former was originally described in the currently accepted genus. This taxon represents the most complete fossil of †  Cretoquedius and was resolved as stem  Staphylinini by the present analysis. However, the other members of the genus, including the type species, require re-study. At least some of these might be shown to belong to crown group  Staphylinini . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE9B3B2E0CE66CFF57F2ACFD7AB3BC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Brunke, Adam James;Żyła, Dagmara;Yamamoto, Shûhei;Solodovnikov, Alexey	Brunke, Adam James, Żyła, Dagmara, Yamamoto, Shûhei, Solodovnikov, Alexey (2019): Baltic amber Staphylinini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae): a rove beetle fauna on the eve of our modern climate. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 166-197
03FE9B3B2E0CE66CFF68F3C3FD1EB624.text	03FE9B3B2E0CE66CFF68F3C3FD1EB624.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Staphylinidae LATREILLE 1802	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> FAMILY  STAPHYLINIDAE LATREILLE, 1802</p>
            <p> SUBFAMILY  STAPHYLININAE LATREILLE, 1802</p>
            <p> TRIBE  STAPHYLININI LATREILLE, 1802</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE9B3B2E0CE66CFF68F3C3FD1EB624	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Brunke, Adam James;Żyła, Dagmara;Yamamoto, Shûhei;Solodovnikov, Alexey	Brunke, Adam James, Żyła, Dagmara, Yamamoto, Shûhei, Solodovnikov, Alexey (2019): Baltic amber Staphylinini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae): a rove beetle fauna on the eve of our modern climate. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 166-197
03FE9B3B2E0CE66FFF09F63CFE95B00C.text	03FE9B3B2E0CE66FFF09F63CFE95B00C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Baltognathina Brunke & Żyła & Yamamoto & Solodovnikov 2019	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> SUBTRIBE †  BALTOGNATHINA BRUNKE, ŻYŁA &amp; SOLODOVNIKOV SUBTRIB. NOV.</p>
            <p>(FIGS 4–6)</p>
            <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 7499F537-000C-4E9E-8295- E148E7D66EA8</p>
            <p>Type genus</p>
            <p> †  Baltognathus Brunke, Żyła &amp; Solodovnikov , here designated. </p>
            <p>Diagnosis</p>
            <p> †  Baltognathina differs from all other subtribes of  Staphylinini based on the following combination of character states: microsculpture of forebody entirely absent; labrum narrowly divided at middle; frontoclypeal puncture present; right mandible with single proximal tooth; dorsal basal ridge absent; pronotum without second puncture (sensu Schillhammer &amp; Brunke, 2018) of dorsal row (Fig. 4F); prosternum triangular, with lateral arms narrowed subapically (Fig. 5C); scutellum with posterior scutellar ridge, and elytra with subbasal ridge extending horizontally to humerus and without any trace of a scutellar collar (Fig. 5E, F), their epipleura without distinct row of coarse and impressed setose punctures (Fig. 4D); mesotarsomeres setose dorsally; metacoxa without transverse carina. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>Head with non-geniculate antennae, inserted distant from anterior eye margin by a distance greater than twice the width of the antennal socket (Fig. 4F); antennomeres 1–3 lacking dense tomentose pubescence and dense setation; apical antennomere compressed in narrow profile and without a dense field of microsetae; frontoclypeal puncture present; basal puncture present and not doubled; interocular punctures absent; parocular punctures absent; genal puncture absent; ventral basal ridge parallel with ventral part of post-occipital suture (Fig. 5B); post-genal ridge present (Fig. 5B); dorsal basal ridge absent; labrum not widely divided to base; second labial palpomere without dense brushes of setae; apical labial palpomere not greatly reduced in size, longer than previous segment (Fig. 5A); gular sutures widely spaced and only weakly converging (Fig. 5B); gula without distinct transverse basal impression; mandibles with curved outside edge, only a single tooth in proximal half.</p>
            <p>Disc of head and pronotum entirely without microsculpture. Pronotum without second puncture (sensu Schillhammer &amp; Brunke, 2018) in the discal row (only first and distal puncture present) (Fig. 4F); flexible postcoxal process present, at base interrupted by inferior marginal line (Fig. 5D); prosternum triangular, lateral arms narrowed at least subapically (Fig. 5C); basisternum with pair of macrosetae present (Fig. 5C); pronotum not fused to prosternum (Fig. 5C). Mesoscutellum with posterior scutellar ridge present. Elytra with subbasal ridge extending horizontally to humerus (Fig. 5E, F), the latter with row of humeral spines (Fig. 5E); epipleuron with scattered setose punctures, without a distinct row of coarse impressed setose punctures (Fig. 4D). Profemur with distinct apical row of lateroventral spines (Fig. 6D); protarsomeres trapezoid, not cylindrical (Fig. 6B), with tenent setae; meso- and metatarsi with five trapezoid segments (Fig. 6C), setose dorsally; empodial setae present, subequally long on all tarsi; metacoxae without transverse carina. Hind-wing vein characters unknown. Protergal glands well developed (Fig. 6A).</p>
            <p>Abdominal tergites without accessory basal lines or posterior transverse basal lines; sternite III with basal transverse carina sharply produced posteriad at middle (Fig. 6E).</p>
            <p>Male primary and secondary sexual character states unknown.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE9B3B2E0CE66FFF09F63CFE95B00C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Brunke, Adam James;Żyła, Dagmara;Yamamoto, Shûhei;Solodovnikov, Alexey	Brunke, Adam James, Żyła, Dagmara, Yamamoto, Shûhei, Solodovnikov, Alexey (2019): Baltic amber Staphylinini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae): a rove beetle fauna on the eve of our modern climate. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 166-197
03FE9B3B2E08E66BFCD0F59BFEAAB7A1.text	03FE9B3B2E08E66BFCD0F59BFEAAB7A1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Afroquediina Brunke & Żyła & Yamamoto & Solodovnikov 2019	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> SUBTRIBE  AFROQUEDIINA BRUNKE, ŻYŁA &amp; SOLODOVNIKOV SUBTRIB. NOV.</p>
            <p>(FIG. 2A, B)</p>
            <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: FA669459-49A1-44CE- AD47-0E3C8CF0C0C0</p>
            <p>Type genus</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE9B3B2E08E66BFCD0F59BFEAAB7A1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Brunke, Adam James;Żyła, Dagmara;Yamamoto, Shûhei;Solodovnikov, Alexey	Brunke, Adam James, Żyła, Dagmara, Yamamoto, Shûhei, Solodovnikov, Alexey (2019): Baltic amber Staphylinini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae): a rove beetle fauna on the eve of our modern climate. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 166-197
03FE9B3B2E0BE66BFF13F3DCFEEDB62F.text	03FE9B3B2E0BE66BFF13F3DCFEEDB62F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Afroquedius Solodovnikov 2006	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Afroquedius Solodovnikov , here designated. </p>
            <p>Genera included</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE9B3B2E0BE66BFF13F3DCFEEDB62F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Brunke, Adam James;Żyła, Dagmara;Yamamoto, Shûhei;Solodovnikov, Alexey	Brunke, Adam James, Żyła, Dagmara, Yamamoto, Shûhei, Solodovnikov, Alexey (2019): Baltic amber Staphylinini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae): a rove beetle fauna on the eve of our modern climate. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 166-197
03FE9B3B2E0BE66BFF13F255FA24B012.text	03FE9B3B2E0BE66BFF13F255FA24B012.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Afroquedius Solodovnikov 2006	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Afroquedius and  Valdiviodes Smetana.</p>
            <p>Diagnosis</p>
            <p> The two genera of  Afroquediina are dissimilar in habitus and body sculpture but can be recognized easily among all other  Staphylinini by the combination of a deeply and broadly bilobed labrum (Fig. 2A), lack of frontoclypeal setae (Fig. 2A) and elytral subbasal ridge extending horizontally to the humerus (Fig. 2B). The following characters are unique to  Afroquediina : the broad, shield-shaped prosternum with short lateral arms and the broad, well-sclerotized strip on the dorsal side of the internal sac of the aedeagus. The frontoclypeal setae are also missing in  Devilleferus Jenkins Shaw &amp; Solodovnikov (Jenkins Shaw et al., 2017) , but this genus otherwise lacks all above character states of  Afroquediina . The broadly bilobed labrum occurs in the distantly related  Staphylinini Propria clade, especially in  Xanthopygina , where it is obvious that it has evolved convergently. All other incertae sedis genera in  Staphylinini not included in the present phylogenetic analysis [  Beeria Hatch ,  Strouhalium Scheerpeltz ,  Descarpentriesiellus Jarrige and the members of the  Quediomacrus group (Brunke &amp; Solodovnikov, 2013)] do not share the character states of  Afroquediina and belong to the Northern Hemisphere clade based on the presence of a scutellar collar. Furthermore,  Beeria and the  Quediomacrus group have been included previously in phylogenetic analyses (Brunke &amp; Solodovnikov, 2013; Jenkins Shaw et al., 2017) and were phylogenetically distant from  Afroquediina and  Antimerina . The basal elytral ridge is secondarily extended horizontally to the humerus in the enigmatic Madagascan genus  Descarpentriesiellus , but this genus differs from  Afroquediina in a number of character states. It might be related to subtribes  Erichsoniina and  Acylophorina based on the inflated apical antennomere and the elongate metatarsomeres (Schillhammer &amp; Brunke, 2018). </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p> Medium-sized (7.5–12.6 mm), moderately robust rove beetles, ranging from dark and strongly glossy, to iridescent greenish-coppery. Dorsal forebody either entirely lacking microsculpture or with unique patchwork of microsculptured fragments, whirled in differing directions (Fig. 2A), neither matching the concentric, transverse waves common in  Staphylinini . Antennae non-geniculate; antennomeres 1–4 lacking tomentose pubescence; antennomeres 1–3 lacking dense setae, and apical antennomere lacking broad microsetal field. Head without frontoclypeal puncture (Fig. 2A), single basal puncture present, dorsal basal ridge absent, labrum widely divided to base by broad, U-shaped notch into two lobes (Fig. 2A), with gular sutures strongly converging toward base of head and either fusing (  Afroquedius ) or closely spaced (  Valdiviodes ). Labial palpi without dense brushes on second segment. Mandibles curved, with single tooth in basal half. Prothorax with membranous postcoxal process, distinctly interrupted at base by inferior line; basisternum shield-shaped, lateral arms very short; basisternum with pair of macrosetae; pronotum and prosternum not fused in procoxal cavity. Mesoscutellum either punctate (  Afroquedius ) or impunctate (  Valdiviodes ); posterior scutellar ridge present; subbasal elytral ridge not forming scutellar collar, extending to humerus; humerus with row of spines (Fig. 2B). Elytral epipleuron without row of setae in impressed punctures. Profemur without apical row of lateroventral spines; protarsomeres trapezoid and flattened, with tenent setae ventrally. Meso- and metatarsomeres trapezoid and flattened, setose on disc. Metatarsus lacking tenent setae. Metacoxae without transverse carina. All tarsi with five segments and pair of empodial setae; setae not distinctly longer on mid- and hindleg compared with foreleg. Wings with veins CuA and MP4 completely separate; MP3 present (wing veins not codable in  Valdiviodes owing to strong brachyptery). Protergal glands each present as well-developed acetabulum. Abdominal tergites without accessory basal lines; anterior transverse basal lines not curved to encompass spiracles entirely, without true posterior transverse basal lines. Abdominal sternite III with basal transverse carina either obtuse (  Valdiviodes ) or sharply produced (  Afroquedius ). </p>
            <p>Male: Sternite VIII with distinct emargination; basal mesotarsomeres with brush of tenent setae (not flattened into broad pad); parameres fused, without peg setae, with base of paramere visible and not fused to median lobe; aedeagus with internal sac bearing strongly sclerotized, broad dorsal band; internal sac with ventral paired copulatory sclerite, two-pronged copulatory piece and external copulatory plate absent.</p>
            <p>Distribution</p>
            <p> Afroquedius is distributed in montane forests of eastern and southern South Africa (Solodovnikov, 2006), whereas  Valdiviodes is distributed in Valdivian temperate rainforests of Chile (Smetana, 1981). The disjunct distribution across Gondwanan landmasses is likely to be a result of vicariance based on divergence date estimates for  Staphylinini (Brunke et al., 2017a) . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE9B3B2E0BE66BFF13F255FA24B012	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Brunke, Adam James;Żyła, Dagmara;Yamamoto, Shûhei;Solodovnikov, Alexey	Brunke, Adam James, Żyła, Dagmara, Yamamoto, Shûhei, Solodovnikov, Alexey (2019): Baltic amber Staphylinini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae): a rove beetle fauna on the eve of our modern climate. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 166-197
03FE9B3B2E0AE66AFF67F1DAFE99B4A2.text	03FE9B3B2E0AE66AFF67F1DAFE99B4A2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Antimerina BRUNKE, ZYLA & SOLODOVNIKOV 2019	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> SUBTRIBE  ANTIMERINA BRUNKE, ŻYŁA &amp; SOLODOVNIKOV SUBTRIB. NOV.</p>
            <p>(FIG. 2C, E)</p>
            <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 503C3CA7-8C83-406D- BB5A-096FFDBDE89B</p>
            <p>Type genus</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE9B3B2E0AE66AFF67F1DAFE99B4A2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Brunke, Adam James;Żyła, Dagmara;Yamamoto, Shûhei;Solodovnikov, Alexey	Brunke, Adam James, Żyła, Dagmara, Yamamoto, Shûhei, Solodovnikov, Alexey (2019): Baltic amber Staphylinini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae): a rove beetle fauna on the eve of our modern climate. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 166-197
03FE9B3B2E0AE66AFF21F0DEFC1CB297.text	03FE9B3B2E0AE66AFF21F0DEFC1CB297.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Antimerus Fauvel 1878	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Antimerus Fauvel , monotypic. </p>
            <p>Diagnosis</p>
            <p> This subtribe can be recognized unambiguously among all other  Staphylinini by the unique anterior transverse basal lines of the abdominal tergites, which extend posteriad to encompass the spiracles (Fig. 2E). Other unusual characters of  Antimerus in  Staphylinini include entirely (or nearly) toothless mandibles, broad areas of tenent setae on all tarsomeres, protergal glands absent and the fusion of the ventral paired copulatory sclerites of the internal sac into a plate-like structure (least fused in  Antimerus jamesrodmani Solodovnikov &amp; Newton ). </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>Large to very large (13–20 mm), robust, Staphylininalike rove beetles, ranging from brightly metallic green, brass or blue to boldly marked with patches of pubescence. Dorsal forebody with microsculpture ranging from a patchwork of microsculptured fragments, whirled in differing directions, to meshed or transverse but non-concentric waves. Antennae non-geniculate; antennomeres 1–4 lacking tomentose pubescence; antennomeres 1–3 lacking dense setae; apical antennomere lacking broad microsetal field. Head with frontoclypeal puncture present; dorsal basal ridge absent; labrum short, transverse and narrowly divided at middle; gular sutures strongly converging toward base of head but not entirely fusing. Labial palpi without dense brushes on second segment. Mandibles curved, either edentate or with very weak tooth in basal half. Prothorax with membranous postcoxal process, either interrupted at base by inferior line or not; basisternum triangular, lateral arms narrowed subapically; basisternum with pair of macrosetae; pronotum and prosternum not fused in procoxal cavity. Mesoscutellum punctate; posterior scutellar ridge present; subbasal elytral ridge not forming scutellar collar, present as a fragment only; humerus with row of spines. Elytral epipleuron without row of setae in impressed punctures. Profemur without apical row of lateroventral spines. Tarsomeres 2–5 of all legs trapezoid and flattened, setose on disc. Metacoxae without transverse carina. All tarsi with five segments and with pair of empodial setae; setae not distinctly longer on mid- and hindleg compared with foreleg. Wings with veins CuA and MP4 completely separate; MP3 present. Protergal glands absent. Abdominal tergites without accessory basal lines; anterior transverse basal lines extended posteriad to entirely encompass spiracles (Fig. 2E), without true posterior transverse basal lines. Abdominal sternite III with basal transverse carina obtuse.</p>
            <p>Male: Sternite VIII with distinct emargination; parameres fused, with peg setae; base of paramere visible and not fused to median lobe; aedeagus with internal sac bearing ventral paired copulatory sclerites fused into plate-like structure; two-pronged copulatory piece and external copulatory plate absent.</p>
            <p>Distribution</p>
            <p> Antimerus is known only from subtropical wet forests in northeastern and southeastern Australia (Solodovnikov &amp; Newton, 2010). The authors stated that this disjunction is likely to be real, corresponding to the distribution of suitably moist forests in eastern Australia. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE9B3B2E0AE66AFF21F0DEFC1CB297	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Brunke, Adam James;Żyła, Dagmara;Yamamoto, Shûhei;Solodovnikov, Alexey	Brunke, Adam James, Żyła, Dagmara, Yamamoto, Shûhei, Solodovnikov, Alexey (2019): Baltic amber Staphylinini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae): a rove beetle fauna on the eve of our modern climate. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 166-197
03FE9B3B2E15E675FC15F76FFAF9B3E1.text	03FE9B3B2E15E675FC15F76FFAF9B3E1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hemiquedius CASEY 1915	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> GENUS  HEMIQUEDIUS CASEY, 1915</p>
            <p> †  HEMIQUEDIUS EUROPAEUS BRUNKE, ŻYŁA &amp; </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE9B3B2E15E675FC15F76FFAF9B3E1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Brunke, Adam James;Żyła, Dagmara;Yamamoto, Shûhei;Solodovnikov, Alexey	Brunke, Adam James, Żyła, Dagmara, Yamamoto, Shûhei, Solodovnikov, Alexey (2019): Baltic amber Staphylinini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae): a rove beetle fauna on the eve of our modern climate. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 166-197
03FE9B3B2E14E674FF6FF6EBFD58B166.text	03FE9B3B2E14E674FF6FF6EBFD58B166.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bolitogyrus CHEVROLAT 1842	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> GENUS  BOLITOGYRUS CHEVROLAT, 1842</p>
            <p> †  BOLITOGYRUS FRAGMENTUS BRUNKE, ŻYŁA &amp; </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE9B3B2E14E674FF6FF6EBFD58B166	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Brunke, Adam James;Żyła, Dagmara;Yamamoto, Shûhei;Solodovnikov, Alexey	Brunke, Adam James, Żyła, Dagmara, Yamamoto, Shûhei, Solodovnikov, Alexey (2019): Baltic amber Staphylinini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae): a rove beetle fauna on the eve of our modern climate. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 166-197
03FE9B3B2E1DE67CFC8BF537FF62B572.text	03FE9B3B2E1DE67CFC8BF537FF62B572.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Baltognathina Brunke, Zyla & Solodovnikov 2019	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> †  Baltognathina</p>
            <p> †  Baltognathus resolved as crown group  Staphylinini , possibly sister to all other members of that group (Fig. 3). The genus can be placed confidently in crown  Staphylinini based on a number of morphological character states (see Systematic Palaeontology). †  Baltognathus displays an interesting combination of plesiomorphic character states in crown  Staphylinini and cannot be associated with any existing subtribe, including  Afroquediina and  Antimerina , which are discussed below. It is also substantially different from all  Staphylinini currently treated as incertae sedis. For these reasons and because †  Baltognathus displays a range of distinctive apomorphies, we think a new subtribe is warranted. Unlike all other Baltic amber  Staphylinini , our analysis strongly suggests that †  Baltognathus does not belong to the Northern Hemisphere lineage of Brunke et al. (2016). The sister of  Baltognathina might be identified more confidently with a larger number of morphological characters or additional fossils, including those with male characters visible. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE9B3B2E1DE67CFC8BF537FF62B572	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Brunke, Adam James;Żyła, Dagmara;Yamamoto, Shûhei;Solodovnikov, Alexey	Brunke, Adam James, Żyła, Dagmara, Yamamoto, Shûhei, Solodovnikov, Alexey (2019): Baltic amber Staphylinini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae): a rove beetle fauna on the eve of our modern climate. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 166-197
03FE9B3B2E1CE67CFF21F177FEEFB274.text	03FE9B3B2E1CE67CFF21F177FEEFB274.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Afroquediina Brunke & Żyła & Yamamoto & Solodovnikov 2019	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Afroquediina</p>
            <p> Afroquedius and  Valdiviodes , despite some differences in habitus, were recovered as a well-supported and isolated clade in the present analysis. According to our recovered topology and node supports, this clade is most likely to be sister to all crown  Staphylinini minus †  Baltognathina , all crown  Staphylinini including †  Baltognathina or sister to †  Baltognathina itself. At present, evidence from morphological synapomorphies is unknown for any of these possible clades.To represent this distinct and morphologically isolated lineage, we erect a new subtribe (see Systematic Palaeontology). Most recent phylogenetic studies have omitted  Valdiviodes owing to lack of optimally preserved DNA specimens (Brunke et al., 2016; Schillhammer &amp; Brunke, 2018), but morphology-based analyses by Solodovnikov et al. (2013) and Brunke &amp; Solodovnikov (2013) recovered these taxa as either sister groups or isolated lineages one backbone node apart. With the discovery of new, unique synapomorphies for this clade, we think that enough evidence is present to move these incertae sedis taxa into a new, easily diagnosed subtribe. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE9B3B2E1CE67CFF21F177FEEFB274	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Brunke, Adam James;Żyła, Dagmara;Yamamoto, Shûhei;Solodovnikov, Alexey	Brunke, Adam James, Żyła, Dagmara, Yamamoto, Shûhei, Solodovnikov, Alexey (2019): Baltic amber Staphylinini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae): a rove beetle fauna on the eve of our modern climate. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 166-197
03FE9B3B2E1CE67CFF21F670FB52B550.text	03FE9B3B2E1CE67CFF21F670FB52B550.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Antimerina BRUNKE, ZYLA & SOLODOVNIKOV 2019	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Antimerina</p>
            <p> The sister of  Antimerus has never been recovered consistently in previous analyses (Solodovnikov, 2006; Brunke &amp; Solodovnikov, 2013; Brunke et al., 2016; Chani-Posse et al., 2018; Schillhammer &amp; Brunke, 2018), although this genus was always outside the major Northern Hemisphere clade. For the first time, based on morphological and molecular data, Schillhammer &amp; Brunke (2018) resolved a sister group for the genus with high support. Their topology suggested a sistergroup relationship with the Northern Hemisphere clade, which was supported morphologically by the presence of peg setae on the paramere in both clades. In the present analysis, the  HAT clade + Northern Hemisphere clade or the Northern Hemisphere clade alone cannot be rejected as potential sister groups, because the node in question is weakly supported (PP = 0.70). Molecular data were available thus far for only one species of  Antimerus , and the addition of further species might resolve its sister group, which is important for reconstructing the biogeographical history of  Staphylinini . Regardless of the true sister of  Antimerus , this taxon is consistently isolated in all previously recovered topologies and is morphologically incongruent with all existing higher taxa. Therefore, we suggest that a separate subtribe is needed for this distinct lineage of  Staphylinini (see Systematic Palaeontology). We also confirm the results of Brunke &amp; Solodovnikov (2013), who recovered a monophyletic  Antimerus , albeit with different taxa. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE9B3B2E1CE67CFF21F670FB52B550	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Brunke, Adam James;Żyła, Dagmara;Yamamoto, Shûhei;Solodovnikov, Alexey	Brunke, Adam James, Żyła, Dagmara, Yamamoto, Shûhei, Solodovnikov, Alexey (2019): Baltic amber Staphylinini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae): a rove beetle fauna on the eve of our modern climate. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 166-197
03FE9B3B2E1CE67CFC99F154FB01B104.text	03FE9B3B2E1CE67CFC99F154FB01B104.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hat	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> HAT clade </p>
            <p> The close relationship of  Holisus (  Hyptiomina ),  Atanygnathus (  Tanygnathinina ) and  Amblyopinina was first recovered by Chani-Posse et al. (2018) using morphological and molecular data. This clade, named here as ‘HAT’ (  Hyptiomina –  Amblyopinina –  Tanygnathinina ) was corroborated by Schillhammer &amp; Brunke (2018) and again by the present study. The highly derived morphology of  Holisus previously led systematists to consider it as a member of  Philonthina and therefore, it was not included in the analyses of, for example, Brunke &amp; Solodovnikov (2013) and Brunke et al. (2016). </p>
            <p> The  HAT clade is supported by many notable morphological characters, some of which have been associated previously with  Amblyopinina alone: posterior ridge of the mesosternum absent; humeral spines of the elytron absent (  Holisus with nonhomologous row positioned far anteriad); wing veins CuA and MP4 fused; base of paramere of aedeagus tightly fused to median lobe, often indistinguishable. Although  Holisus and  Atanygnathus are apomorphyrich clades and easily diagnosed, the diverse  Amblyopinina , at present, are recognized merely by the absence of these apomorphies. Unless diagnostic synapomorphies can be found for  Amblyopinina , it might be in the best interest of systematics to treat the entire  HAT clade as subtribe  Tanygnathinina , the oldest family-group name. However, a better diversity of  Amblyopinina , including South African  Natalignathus Solodovnikov (Solodovnikov, 2005) and the enigmatic Andean  Devilleferus (Jenkins Shaw et al., 2017) , should be included in the present dataset before such limits are defined. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE9B3B2E1CE67CFC99F154FB01B104	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Brunke, Adam James;Żyła, Dagmara;Yamamoto, Shûhei;Solodovnikov, Alexey	Brunke, Adam James, Żyła, Dagmara, Yamamoto, Shûhei, Solodovnikov, Alexey (2019): Baltic amber Staphylinini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae): a rove beetle fauna on the eve of our modern climate. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 166-197
03FE9B3B2E1CE67FFC99F580FEDBB4A5.text	03FE9B3B2E1CE67FFC99F580FEDBB4A5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Quediina	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Quediina –  Microsaurus lineage</p>
            <p> This diverse lineage of  Quediina was also recovered by Brunke et al. (2016) based on molecular data only (as clade A). It is composed of  Quedius -like beetles with generalized morphology (as subgenus  Microsaurus ) and apomorphy-rich, visually striking beetles currently placed in the genera  Velleiopsis Fairmaire and  Korgella Özdikman and subgenera  Quedius (Velleius Leach) and  Quedius (Megaquedius Casey). </p>
            <p> All taxa in this lineage share the following unique combination of character states: head with genal puncture; elytra with at least asetose punctures on disc in addition to macrosetal rows and with basal puncture doubled. The genal puncture, otherwise unique in  Quediina to the  Microsaurus lineage , also occurs in  Queskallion and some generalized  Quedionuchus (e.g.  Quedionuchus ollin Smetana ). Based on the present results and those of Brunke et al. (2016),  Quedius (Microsaurus) is paraphyletic with respect to other taxa of this lineage. This is expected, because  Microsaurus does not possess any unique character states, but instead it lacks specialized states, such as the pronotal marginal setae removed from the margin [  Quedius (Velleius) ] or the evenly punctate head (  Korgella ). The ‘giant’ species of Nearctic  Quedius (Megaquedius) and Palaearctic  Velleiopsis are rather similar to each other and might be best placed in a single genus. Neither has been included in a molecular phylogeny. A greater taxon sampling is needed in order to revise the definition of  Quedius (Microsaurus) , but it is likely that most supraspecific taxa of the  Microsaurus lineage should be treated as separate genera. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE9B3B2E1CE67FFC99F580FEDBB4A5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Brunke, Adam James;Żyła, Dagmara;Yamamoto, Shûhei;Solodovnikov, Alexey	Brunke, Adam James, Żyła, Dagmara, Yamamoto, Shûhei, Solodovnikov, Alexey (2019): Baltic amber Staphylinini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae): a rove beetle fauna on the eve of our modern climate. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 166-197
03FE9B3B2E1FE67FFF13F723FE88B033.text	03FE9B3B2E1FE67FFF13F723FE88B033.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Quediina	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Quediina –  Quedionuchus +  Queskallion clade </p>
            <p> This clade was first recovered by Brunke et al. (2016) using only molecular data (as part of clade B).  Quedionuchus Sharp and  Queskallion Smetana share the reduction of the infraorbital ridge and the presence of a genal puncture on the head. Most  Quedionuchus lack this puncture, but it is present in the more morphologically generalized  Q. ollin Smetana and its undescribed relatives from Mexico. In the present analysis, †  Laevisaurus is unexpectedly recovered in this clade, despite the fully developed infraorbital ridge, doubled basal puncture (single in the other two genera) and an unobservable genal puncture (marked as ‘?’ for each species). Based on the complete infraorbital ridge and the unsupported internal node, †  Laevisaurus is most likely to be sister to this clade, rather than inside it. With  Quedionuchus , †  Laevisaurus shares the glabrous elytra bearing only macrosetae, but lacks the distinct cellular microsculpture of the former. </p>
            <p> Unfortunately, most of the above-mentioned characters are homoplastic in Quediiina, and new character systems are needed. A more focused study on the phylogeny of  Quediina , including a greater taxon sampling and a wider range of morphological characters, is in preparation and might shed light on the phylogenetic position of †  Laevisaurus in the subtribe. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE9B3B2E1FE67FFF13F723FE88B033	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Brunke, Adam James;Żyła, Dagmara;Yamamoto, Shûhei;Solodovnikov, Alexey	Brunke, Adam James, Żyła, Dagmara, Yamamoto, Shûhei, Solodovnikov, Alexey (2019): Baltic amber Staphylinini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae): a rove beetle fauna on the eve of our modern climate. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 166-197
03FE9B3B2E1FE67FFC8BF3F4FADEB49F.text	03FE9B3B2E1FE67FFC8BF3F4FADEB49F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Quediina	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Quediina –  Quedius lineage</p>
            <p> This large lineage was first recovered in an analysis of molecular data by Brunke et al. (2016; as Clade C). In addition to containing  Quedius s.str. , the  Quedius lineage includes genera  Quemetopon Smetana and  Euryporus Erichson and  Quedius subgenera Distichalius Casey and some members of Raphirus Stephens. At present, no morphological character states are known to support this lineage in its entirety, but the presence of interocular punctures is nearly unique to this group in  Quediina (lost in  Euryporus + Raphirus s.str.). Otherwise, interocular punctures can be found in only a small group of  Quediina species related to  Quedius (Microsaurus) parviceps Sharp (  Microsaurus lineage ) that might represent a new genus. All members of the  Quedius lineage lack a genal puncture, distinguishing  Quedius (Distichalius) from the above-mentioned  Quedius (Microsaurus) with interocular punctures. Doubled basal punctures are widespread in  Quediina and occur in the  Quedius lineage , the  Microsaurus lineage and †  Laevisaurus . As mentioned above, it is clear that new character systems are greatly needed for a future generic revision of  Quediina . </p>
            <p>CENOZOIC LINEAGE TURNOVER IN EUROPE</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE9B3B2E1FE67FFC8BF3F4FADEB49F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Brunke, Adam James;Żyła, Dagmara;Yamamoto, Shûhei;Solodovnikov, Alexey	Brunke, Adam James, Żyła, Dagmara, Yamamoto, Shûhei, Solodovnikov, Alexey (2019): Baltic amber Staphylinini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae): a rove beetle fauna on the eve of our modern climate. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187: 166-197
