identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03FFBB534003AC734090FB1AFEBEEC56.text	03FFBB534003AC734090FB1AFEBEEC56.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hohenbergia alba B. P. Cavalcante, E. H. Souza & Versieux 2024	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Hohenbergia alba B.P. Cavalcante, E.H. Souza &amp; Versieux ,  sp. nov. (Figs. 1–2) </p>
            <p> Diagnosis: —  Hohenbergia alba is closely related to  H. blanchetii , but easily distinguished by its broader yet smaller leaf blades (38–50 × 20–24 cm vs. 90–120 × 14–16 cm), pink (vs. green) ovoidal inflorescence (widely pyramidal), delicate and thinner peduncle (ca. 1 cm vs. 2 cm), flower size (ca. 13 mm long vs. 7–9 mm), white-colored and patent to ascendant petal blades (vs. lilac and reflexed). </p>
            <p>Type:— BRAZIL. Bahia: Itamaraju, road that connects Itamaraju to Porto Seguro, in a cacao plantation near Itamaraju downtown, ca. 123 m elevation, 16°59’47.3”S 39°33’04.9”W, 25 May 2019, E. H. Souza &amp; B. P. Cavalcante 61 (Holotype HURB! isotype: ESA! and UFRN!).</p>
            <p>Plant epiphytic, 100–125 cm tall when flowering, rarely propagating by basal shoots. Leaves ca. 18 in number, arcuate to spreading, forming an open crateriform rosette 40–55 × 70–100 cm; leaf sheath 21–25 × 14–17 cm, elliptic, sparsely white lepidote on both sides, light castaneous except for the green distal part, stiff coriaceous, margins entire; leaf blade 38–50 × 20–24 cm, linear-oblong to lingulate, broadly canaliculate, apex cuspidate ending in a rigid but not spinose apex ca. 8 mm long, conspicuously brownish contrasting with the basal green portion of the blades, coriaceous, sparsely white-lepidote abaxially, margins spinulose, pale red, marginal spines black, rigid, very close to each other. Peduncle 45–60 cm long, ca. 10 mm diameter, erect, stiff, pink, white lanate, covered by its bracts; peduncle bracts 15–18 × 1.5–1.9 cm, lanceolate-aristate, brownish-stramineous, densely imbricate, exceeding the internodes and concealing the peduncle, glabrous. Inflorescence fertile part 43–65 cm long, 50–70 cm in diameter at its widest portion, paniculate, ovoidal, 3-4-branched, 2-branched distally, erect, pinkish stipes and rachis, densely white-lanate; primary bracts 4.5–6.2 × 1.4–1.7 cm, resembling the peduncle bracts in shape and color, but smaller, exceeding the sterile base of the branches; primary branches 24–34 cm long, the stipes 3–7 cm, divergent to spreading, densely white-lanate, with short-stipitate to sessile secondary branches, laxly and polystichously arranged along the reproductive axis; secondary bracts ca. 2 × 1.4 cm, elliptical, apex acuminate, resembling the primary bracts in color but smaller, shorter than the branches; secondary branches 6–10 cm long, distinctly stipitate to sessile, stipes (0–) 2–3 cm long, bearing sessile spikes at the distal portion; tertiary bracts resembling the primary and secondary bracts but smaller, ca. 1 cm long, shorter than the branches; spikes 2.5–4 cm long, short globose, 5–11-flowered; floral bracts ca. 4 × 11 mm, green, widely triangular-ovate and convexly embracing the ovary, caudate, nerved, margins entire, covered by white and blackish lanate indument, surpassing the sepals in length. Flowers ca. 13 mm long, sessile, organized in a strobilar shape, odorless; sepals 2–3 × 5–7 mm, green, triangular-ovate, margins entire, apex acuminate and slightly spinescent, asymmetrical with a thin marginal wing equaling the spinescent apex, connate at the base (ca. 25% of the sepal length), covered by an inconspicuous white and blackish lanate indument; petals 10–13 × 3–6 mm, spatulate, base erect and blade spreading towards the apex, margins entire, free, white, nerved, apex short apiculate, bearing 2 basal and fringed appendages at the base; stamens 4–5 mm long, emerging through the corolla; filaments 2–4 mm long, white, complanate; anthers 1–2 mm long, dorsifixed, apex apiculate; ovary 3–4 × 10 mm, green, wide-ovoidal, placentation axial; ovules caudate with a prominent chalazal appendage, ca. 0.4 mm long, epigynous tube inconspicuous; style 8–9 mm long, white, erect, exceeding the stamens, exposed by the spreading petals; stigma conduplicate-spiral. Fruit ca. 12 × 12–13 mm, bluish when ripe; seeds 1–1.5 mm, nearly ellipsoid, brownish.</p>
            <p> Etymology: —The specific epithet  “ alba ” refers to the white (  “alba ”) color of the petals, a rare trait for  Hohenbergia . </p>
            <p>Leaf blade linear-oblong, linear-oblong, narrowly linear- linear-oblong, Linear-oblong, Linear-oblong, shape and green, cuspidate green, acuminate oblong, green, green, cuspidate brownish, acute or green, cuspidate indument and acuminate cuspidate</p>
            <p>Peduncle 45–60 cm long, 50–70 cm long, 90–130 cm 70–85 cm long, 25–40 cm long, thin, 50–80 cm long,</p>
            <p>stout, pink, stout, light- long, stout, stout, green, green, white lanate stout, yellowish,</p>
            <p>white lanate green, white- reddish, glabrous brown lanate lanate glabrous</p>
            <p>Gynoecium surpassing surpassing both surpassing both concealed by surpassing stamens, surpassing both stamens, stamens and stamens and petals, surpassing exposed by the stamens and petals, exposed by the petals, white petals, white stamens, white spreading petals, white spreading petals, white white</p>
            <p>Measurements were based on the original description and supplemented by observations of living plants</p>
            <p> Distribution and habitat: —  Hohenbergia alba is an epiphyte in the canopy, growing on trees that shade cacao plantations, but never on cocoa trees, along the extreme south of Bahia, in the Itamaraju municipality. It shares its habitat with other  Hohenbergia species , easily observed throughout the highways that connect Itamaraju to Porto Seguro, or in the edge of forests in this region. </p>
            <p> The region is characterized by a hot and humid climate, typical of coastal humid forests, making it a hotspot for various bromeliad species, including representatives from different genera. However, within this habitat, only  H. halutheriana Leme (2013: 299) and  H. itamarajuensis Leme &amp; Baracho (1999: 78) are observed sympatrically, being very distinct from  H. alba .  Hohenbergia halutheriana stands out due to its larger size and the red inflorescence with green spikes, while  H. itamarajuensis is recognized by its pedunculate inflorescence with long-stipitate branches with a single apical spike (a thorough comparison can be found in Table 1). </p>
            <p>Phenology: —Specimens were seen flowering, in cultivation, from November through February, at the Greenhouse of Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura (CENA/USP) – Piracicaba/SP.</p>
            <p>Conservation status: — The species is so far restricted to the coastal Atlantic Forest in the southernmost region of Bahia, within the municipality of Itamaraju. Its occurrence coincides with cacao plantations and numerous bromeliads are observed in forest along the highway. By plotting the known occurrences of this species, we estimate its extent of occurrence (EOO) to be approximately 1,684.5 km ², and the area of occupancy (AOO) to be 32 km ², classifying it as Endangered (EN). Consequently, we propose that this species be treated as an Endangered species (EN B2b (i, ii, iii, iv), following the IUCN criteria guidelines (IUCN, 2020).</p>
            <p> Observations: —  Hohenbergia alba is among the several giant  Hohenbergia species inhabiting the coastal region of Bahia. It shares morphological similarities, particularly with  H. blanchetii Mez (1891: 267) .  Hohenbergia alba can be readily distinguished by its white petals, which is an uncommon trait within the genus and has only been observed in  H. bellemii Smith &amp; Read (1976: 438) ,  H. ituberaensis Cavalcante, Souza &amp; Versieux (2020: 120) ,  H. littoralis Smith (1940: 33) , and  H. viridorubra Leme (2013: 305) . (detailed comparison in Table 1). </p>
            <p> In sympatry with  H. alba ,  H. halutheriana , and  H. itamarajuensis exhibit significant similarities during vegetative growth, particularly in their rosette structure, however at flowering they are easily distinguished (see detailed comparison in Table 1). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FFBB534003AC734090FB1AFEBEEC56	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Cavalcante, Brayan Paiva;Silva, Clécio Danilo Dias Da;Souza, Everton Hilo De;Versieux, Leonardo M.;Martinelli, Adriana Pinheiro	Cavalcante, Brayan Paiva, Silva, Clécio Danilo Dias Da, Souza, Everton Hilo De, Versieux, Leonardo M., Martinelli, Adriana Pinheiro (2024): Hohenbergia alba and Hohenbergia sparsiflora, two striking new bromeliads from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Phytotaxa 665 (3): 233-242, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.665.3.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.665.3.5
03FFBB534007AC7E4090FC97FF47EC01.text	03FFBB534007AC7E4090FC97FF47EC01.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hohenbergia sparsiflora B. P. Cavalcante, E. H. Souza & Versieux 2024	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Hohenbergia sparsiflora B.P. Cavalcante, E.H. Souza &amp; Versieux ,  sp. nov. (Figs. 3–4) </p>
            <p> Diagnosis: —  Hohenbergia sparsiflora is closely related to  H. hatschbachii , yet it can be readily distinguished by its infundibuliform rosette with sub-erect leaves (vs. broadly-crateriform with arcuate leaves), brownish leaves (vs. green), thinner peduncle (1 cm vs. 3 cm diam.), inflorescence partially nested within the tank (vs. completely exposed), inconspicuously white-lanate and narrowly-pyramidal (vs. densely brown-lanate and wide-pyramidal); spikes sparsely organized (vs. dense organized), and floral bracts suborbicular with a mucronate apex (vs. triangular, apex acuminate), distinctly shorter than the sepal (vs. exceeding the sepal). </p>
            <p>Type:— BRAZIL. Bahia. Una, Refugio de Vida Silvestre de Una, inside of the forest, near the research center of the park, ca. 123 m. elevation, 15°10’29.9”S 39°03’59.1”W, 10 October 2018, E. H. Souza &amp; B. P. Cavalcante 28 (Holotype HURB!, UFRN!).</p>
            <p>Plant epiphytic, 90–130 cm tall when flowering, low formation of basal shoots, forming a infundibuliform tank of 35–45 × 25–40 cm. Leaves ca. 20 in number, suberect to spreading; leaf sheath 16–22 × 20–24 cm, broadly elliptic, either inconspicuously white lepidote to glabrous on both sides, dark castaneous except for the brownish to greenish distal part, stiffy and coriaceous, margins entire; leaf blade 50–60 × 19–24 cm, brownish or pale-greenish, brownlepidote indument, linear-oblong to lingulate, apex brownish, acute or cuspidate, sub-erect spreading towards the apex, ending in a rigid and spinescent point ca. 3 cm long, sparsely brownish-lepidote, with spinulose margins, marginal spines black, rigid, very close to each other. Peduncle 25–40 cm long, ca. 10 mm diameter, erect, green, white lanate, covered and concealed by the peduncle bracts; peduncle bracts 15–18 × 1.5–1.9 cm, lanceolate, with acuminate apex, pale-brown, imbricate, exceeding the internodes, glabrous or sparsely white-lepidote. Inflorescence 30–45 cm long, 30–45 cm in diam. at the widest point, paniculate, narrowly-pyramidal, 3-branched at the base, once-branched in distal part, erect, sparsely white-lanate indument or glabrous; primary bracts resembling the peduncle bracts in shape and color, but smaller, 5.5–7 × 2–2.2 cm, shorter than the branches but exceeding the stipe; primary branches 14–22 cm long, stipes 2–5 cm long, divergent to spreading, glabrous or sparsely white-lanate; secondary bracts ca. 1 × 1.5 cm, triangular, apex acuminate, resembling the primary bracts in color but smaller, shorter than the branches but exceeding the stipe; secondary branches 3–5 cm long, short-stipitate or sessile, stipes (0–) 0.2–2.5 cm long, flowers sparsely arranged along the rachis; spikes 3–5 cm long; floral bracts ca. 2 × 4 mm, green, broadly triangular-ovate, convexly embracing the ovary, apex spinescent caudate, nerved, margins entire, green and blackish towards the apex, covered by a sparse white lanate indument, surpassing the ovary, and inferior than the sepals in length. Flowers 16–19 mm, sessile, odorless; sepals 4–6 × 5–8 mm, green, broadly triangular-ovate, margins entire, apex mucronate, asymmetrical with a thin marginal wing that does not exceed the apex, glabrous; petals 13–16 × 4–6 mm, linear-oblong base, the blade divergent to spreading, apex acute, margins entire, free, white at base and lilac blade, nerved, bearing 2 appendages; petal appendages fringed ornamentation. Stamens 9–10 mm, emerging from the the corolla; filament 6–8 mm, white, complanate and slightly dilated distally; anther ca. 2 mm long, apex apiculate; ovary 4–6 × 11 mm, green, wide-ovoidal, placentation axial; ovules obtuse to caudate, with a prominent chalazal appendage; style 12–14 mm long, white, erect, surpassing the stamens, exposed by the divergent petal blades; stigma conduplicate-spiral. Fruits ca. 14 × 16– 15 mm, bluish when ripe; seeds ca. 1 mm long, sub-ellipsoidal, brownish.</p>
            <p> Etymology: — The specific epithet  “sparsiflora ” refers to the disposition of the flowers (“-flora”) in the spikes, which are sparsely arranged (“sparsus-”), creating a raceme-like pattern. </p>
            <p> Distribution and habitat: —  Hohenbergia sparsiflora is an epiphyte growing in the densest and shadiest parts of the protected forest within the Natural Biological Station of Una (Reserva Biológica de Vida Silvestre de Una), located in the municipality of Una, state of Bahia, but also extending into neighboring areas. The species shares its habitat with several other  Hohenbergia species. Individual plants are scattered within the forest, typically growing on the highest branches of trees in shaded and areas with higher humidity. The area is a hotspot for  Hohenbergia and also for  Bromelioideae in general, hosting more than ten species within this fragment of the Atlantic Forest. These species include the closely related  H. hatschbachii Leme (1999: 141) , as well as  H. pabstii Smith and Read (1976: 439) ,  H. belemii Smith and Read (1976: 438) ,  H. blanchetii ,  H. brachycephala Smith (1940: 129) ,  H. burle-marxii ,  H. capitata Schulte &amp; Schulte (1830:1252) ,  H. halutheriana ,  H. nidularioides Cavalcante et al. (2021:200) , and  H. stellata . </p>
            <p>Phenology: —Blooming plants have been observed from August through December, with fruiting starting after November. Pre-flowering plants were observed in June. In cultivated plants, blooming was observed from September through December.</p>
            <p>Conservation status: — This new species is restricted to the Una Natural Biological Station, which is a federal conservation unit. However, the conservation of the species faces challenges due to the expansion of roads, intensifying the edge effect and threatening these bromeliads. The assessment of known occurrences of this species reveals that the estimated extent of occurrence (EOO) covers 170.443 km ², which the area of occupancy (AOO) is 43.5 km ², leading to a classification of this species as Endangered (EN). Although the species is already protected by Brazilian federal laws within the reserve, we recommend a preliminarily classification of this species as Endangered EN B2b (i, ii, iii, iv), following the IUCN criteria guidelines (IUCN, 2020).</p>
            <p> Observation: —  Hohenbergia sparsiflora is unique within the genus for the presence of loosely arranged spikes, which clearly distinguish it from other  Hohenbergia species. This new species is a member of the “giant  Hohenbergia species group” (Cavalcante et al. 2020, 2021 b, 2022, Souza et al. 2022b). These species inhabit the coastal region of Brazil, especially within the Atlantic Forest domain of Bahia. While the rosette of this species shares similarities with other giant  Hohenbergia species , its sub-erect to arching leaves represents an unusual feature within the genus for this region. This characteristic facilitates a positive identification even when the plant is not in the flowering stage. </p>
            <p> Hohenbergia sparsiflora is morphologically similar to  H. hatschbachii and both coexist in southern Bahia. This new species is easily distinguished by the sparsely arranged flowers along the rachis of the spikes, a partially sunken inflorescence in the rosette (vs. fully exposed), a sparsely white-lanate indumentum in inflorescence (vs. densely brown-lanate) and the small wide triangular floral bracts, not completely concealing the sepals (vs. prominent, triangular and concealing the sepals). Focusing solely on foliage, the brownish leaves (vs. green) is the easiest feature distinguishing  H. sparsiflora and  H. hatschbachii . Comparative measurements of herbarium specimens of related taxa are provided in Table 1. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FFBB534007AC7E4090FC97FF47EC01	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Cavalcante, Brayan Paiva;Silva, Clécio Danilo Dias Da;Souza, Everton Hilo De;Versieux, Leonardo M.;Martinelli, Adriana Pinheiro	Cavalcante, Brayan Paiva, Silva, Clécio Danilo Dias Da, Souza, Everton Hilo De, Versieux, Leonardo M., Martinelli, Adriana Pinheiro (2024): Hohenbergia alba and Hohenbergia sparsiflora, two striking new bromeliads from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Phytotaxa 665 (3): 233-242, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.665.3.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.665.3.5
