identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03FF4B47FFBBFF89FF2EFDC7FA6469D2.text	03FF4B47FFBBFF89FF2EFDC7FA6469D2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Distantasca Dworakowska 1972	<div><p>Genus Distantasca Dworakowska</p><p>Distantasca Dworakowska 1972: 25 .</p><p>Empoasca (Distantasca) (Dworakowska), Dworakowska &amp; Viraktamath 1975: 529.</p><p>Distantasca Dworakowska, 1972, Liu, Fletcher &amp; Zhang 2014: 91.</p><p>Type species: Empoasca terminalis Distant 1918, by original designation.</p><p>Description. Body small and fragile, green or yellowish. Ocelli present. Face broad and frontoclypeus narrow. Crown short and wide, roundly produced anteriorly, in dorsal view distinctly shorter than width between eyes, coronal suture present, usually distinct. Pronotum broad, with anterior margin roundly produced and posterior margin nearly straight, middle length longer than that of vertex. Forewing rounded apically, apical cells (ac) occupying nearly a third of forewing length, ac3 usually rectangular, R2, RM arising from r cell not stalked with MCu arising from m cell, c and r cells narrower than m and cua cells; ac1 nearly equal to ac2. Hindwing with MP and CuA fused. Coloration of female same as male except for a brown ovipositor.</p><p>Front femur anteromedial seta (AM1) long and stout, situated on apex of ventral margin; intercalary row with 1 relatively large basal seta and 10–12 fine setae, extended nearly half length of femur; ca. 8 posteroventral setae (PV) of varying lengths in a row down the length of the tibia and 2 pairs of setae situated on apex of tibia; tarsus elongate, approximately one third length of tibia. Middle femur with 1 dorsoapical macroseta, and a row of numerous, slim PV setae; tarsus almost same as tarsus in fore leg. Hind femur with macrosetal formula 2+1+1, tibia anteroventral row (AV) with 10 preapical macrosetae; anterodorsal setae (AD) and posterodorsal setae (PD) numerous, almost same size, both longer than posteroventral setae (PV); tarsus longer than front and middle tarsus.</p><p>Pygofer side short, pygofer ventral appendage and anal tube appendage well developed. Subgenital plate, in lateral view, curved gradually caudodorsad apically, not expanded apically, with elongate fine setae present in distinct basal and distal groups, basal group setae present or absent, with numerous marginal microsetae uniseriate on apical half, double near base with single row of macrosetae distally extended to apex. Connective strongly constricted posteriorly.</p><p>Diagnosis. This genus exhibits external morphological features similar to Empoasca Walsh, 1862 and Hebata (Signatasca) (Xu, Dietrich &amp; Qin, 2021) . It can be distinguished by the following combination of features: body small and fragile, typically green or yellowish; coronal suture well delimited; forewing with R2, RM arising separately from r cell (unstalked), hindwing with MP and CuA fused; pygofer lobe short, with ventral appendage; subgenital plate with elongate fine setae arranged into distinct basal and distal groups; connective strongly constricted posteriorly; anal tube process well-developed, usually ornamented with tiny teeth.</p><p>Distribution. Australia (Queensland, Victoria, South Australia), China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hannan, Hubei, Hunan, Taiwan, Yunnan), Democratic Republic of the Congo, India (Sikkim), Indonesia, Japan, Micronesia, Nepal (Pokhara), Papua New Guinea, South Africa, Vietnam.</p><p>Key to species of Distantasca (males)</p><p>1. Ventral pygofer appendage bifurcated..................................................................... 2 Ventral pygofer appendage not bifurcated.................................................................. 4</p><p>2. Aedeagal shaft without appendage....................................................... D. ricina Zhang &amp; Liu Aedeagal shaft with appendage.......................................................................... 3</p><p>3. Aedeagal shaft with one pair of basal appendages.................................. D. smithi (Fletcher &amp; Donaldson) Aedeagal shaft with only one basal appendage.................................. D. parasmithi Wang &amp; Cao sp. nov.</p><p>4. Aedeagal shaft without basal appendages.................................................................. 5 Aedeagal shaft with basal appendages.................................................................... 11</p><p>5. Aedeagal shaft with paired apical processes............................................ D. latibasis (Zhang &amp; Liu) Aedeagal shaft without processes......................................................................... 6</p><p>6. Aedeagal shaft subequal to preatrium in length.............................................................. 7 Aedeagal shaft much shorter than preatrium................................................................ 8</p><p>7. Aedeagal shaft with distinct lamellate lateral extensions in ventral view...................... D. rokasa (Dworakowska) Aedeagal shaft without distinct lamellate lateral extensions in ventral view............... D. longihamatilis (Zhang &amp; Liu)</p><p>8. Anal tube appendage broad apically, not hook-like.................................... D. interrupta (Dworakowska) Anal tube appendage pointed apically, hook-like............................................................. 9</p><p>9. Aedeagal shaft with lamellate dorsal extensions............................................... D. theroni (Gerard) Aedeagal shaft without lamellate dorsal extensions.......................................................... 10</p><p>10. Aedeagal shaft strongly expanded ventrad............................................... D. tiaca (Dworakowska) Aedeagal shaft slightly broadened in lateral view......................................... D. atika (Dworakowska)</p><p>11. Aedeagal shaft with two pairs of basal appendages.......................................................... 12 Aedeagal shaft with one pair of basal appendages........................................................... 13</p><p>12. Anal tube appendages with large subapical tooth.................................. D. paraterminalis (Qin &amp; Zhang) Anal tube appendages without large subapical tooth......................................... D. terminalis (Distant)</p><p>13. Ventral pygofer appendage not reaching hind margin of pygofer side............. D. pinjorensis (Sohi, Mann &amp; Shenhmar) Ventral pygofer appendage reaching or surpassing hind margin of pygofer side................................... 14</p><p>14. A pair of small lateral extensions present at mid-length of aedeagal shaft..................... D. rabava (Dworakowska) Aedeagal shaft without small lateral extensions medially..................................................... 15</p><p>15. Anal tube appendage pointed apically or with sharp subapical tooth............................................ 16 Anal tube appendage broad apically...................................................................... 18</p><p>16. Aedeagal shaft irregularly serrated subapically on ventral margin........................ D. serratipenis (Qin &amp; Zhang) Aedeagal shaft smooth on ventral margin................................................................. 17</p><p>17. Aedeagal shaft appendages close to shaft in ventral view................................. D. bulbosa (Dworakowska) Aedeagal shaft appendages far away from shaft in ventral view.............................. D. riora (Dworakowska)</p><p>18. Aedeagal shaft appendages ornamented with small teeth apically........................ D. tuberculate (Zhang &amp; Liu) Aedeagal shaft appendages without small teeth apically...................................................... 19</p><p>19. Aedeagal shaft slightly curved, shorter than preatrium....................................................... 20 Aedeagal shaft strongly curved dorsad, subequal to preatrium in length.......................................... 21</p><p>20. Anal tube appendage expanded apically............................................... D. latava (Dworakowska) Anal tube appendage with apex narrower than base..................................... D. barawa (Dworakowska)</p><p>21. Aedeagal shaft and appendages subequally broad in lateral view............................. D. faciata Dworakowska Aedeagal shaft much broader than its appendages in lateral view............................... D. tna (Dworakowska)</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FF4B47FFBBFF89FF2EFDC7FA6469D2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Wang, Ran;Selleck, Cait;Zhang, Yalin;Cao, Yanghui	Wang, Ran, Selleck, Cait, Zhang, Yalin, Cao, Yanghui (2025): Taxonomy of the leafhopper genus Distantasca (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae: Empoascini) with description of a new species from Australia. Zootaxa 5666 (4): 594-600, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5666.4.10, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5360.3.8
03FF4B47FFB8FF8EFF2EFAD8FEAD6E9C.text	03FF4B47FFB8FF8EFF2EFAD8FEAD6E9C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Distantasca parasmithi Wang & Selleck & Zhang & Cao 2025	<div><p>Distantasca parasmithi Wang &amp; Cao sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 1A–J, 2A–I)</p><p>Description. Length: male 3.3–3.6 mm, female 3.3–3.5 mm.</p><p>Body slender, face oblate in lateral view. Colour when alive light green with a tinge of blue (Figs 1A, B). Ground colour of ethanol-preserved specimens yellow whitish, without distinct patches (Figs 1C–F).</p><p>Male 2S abdominal apodemes subparallel-sided, reaching end of segment IV, apically rounded (Fig. 1G). Male pygofer bearing 13–15 rigid setae on apical lobe, ventral pygofer appendage strongly bifurcate medially, dorsal branch longer than ventral one, nearly extending to posterior pygofer margin (Figs 1H, I, 2A–C). Subgenital plate surpassing pygofer lobe, in lateral view narrow basally, expanded from middle to apex; basal group 6-8; ca. 17 marginal rigid setae uniseriate in most part; with 24–27 macrosetae in 3–4 rows, reaching apex; with a row of fine microsetae near outer margin from middle to apex and a few long hair-like setae basally and apically (Figs 1H, I, 2A, D). Aedeagal shaft longer than preatrium, broad at base in lateral view, curved dorsally, with one basal appendage nearly reaching gonopore in lateral view, directed laterad in ventral view, basodorsal protrusion present, gonopore subapical on ventral side (Figs 1J, 2E, F). Paramere short, broad at base, apically pointed, ventral margin serrated near apex, with one fine seta subapically (Figs 1H, I, 2G). Connective triangular, stem slightly constricted subapically (Figs 1H, I, 2H). Anal tube long, with well-developed basal appendages nearly reaching ventral margin of pygofer, apex bifurcated, C-shaped (Figs 1H, I, 2A, I).</p><p>Type material: Holotype. ♂ (VAIC # 085802, Figs 1A, B), Australia, Victoria, Watsonia, 09-V-2024, ex Dahlia sp. ( Asteraceae), coll. Janice Wong. Paratypes. 4 ♂♂ (VAIC # 085803 – 085806) and 4 ♀♀ (VAIC # 085809 - 085812), same data as holotype; 4 ♂♂ and 2 ♀♀ (NWAFU), same locality data as holotype, 29-III-2024.Additionally, over 400 adult and nymphal specimens collected from the same location and individual Dahlia sp. plant at different times; 29-III-2024, 02-IV-2024, and 01-V-2024 (in VAIC).</p><p>Molecular data: Seven specimens were used to obtain COI barcodes following Eow et al. (2023): four specimens destructively DNA extracted (2x nymphs and 2x females), and three non-destructively DNA extracted (males). We found five different haplotypes which diverged by up to 0.8% (GenBank accession numbers: PV138852-138856). The COI barcode sequences were compared to barcode sequences from the BOLD database (Barcode of Life Data System), and seven reference sequences with&gt;97% similarity matches were found. Five of these records have publicly available collection details, indicating the same taxon has also been found in Madang, Papua New Guinea in 2016 (GMNGZ125-16), South Australia, Australia in 2022 (ASMIJ22720-24), and Queensland, Australia from 2012-2024 (HEQT1099-12, GCQT574-17, AUCGP278-24, AUCGP279-24). The host plant information is not known for these records.</p><p>Etymology. The species epithet is derived from the combination of “ para- ” and “smithi ” which refers to the similarity of this new species to D. smithi (Fletcher &amp; Donaldson, 1992) .</p><p>Remarks. This new species is similar to D. smithi (Fletcher &amp; Donaldson) in the structures of pygofer ventral appendages, subgenital plate and anal tube appendages. However, it can be distinguished from D. smithi by the feature that the aedeagus has only one basal process ( D. smithi has a pair of aedeagal processes). Additionally, D. parasmithi is currently only recorded from Dahlia, while D. smithi is a known pest of citrus in Australia.</p><p>Distribution. Australia (Victoria, Queensland, South Australia), and Papua New Guinea, based on molecular data (see above).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FF4B47FFB8FF8EFF2EFAD8FEAD6E9C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Wang, Ran;Selleck, Cait;Zhang, Yalin;Cao, Yanghui	Wang, Ran, Selleck, Cait, Zhang, Yalin, Cao, Yanghui (2025): Taxonomy of the leafhopper genus Distantasca (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae: Empoascini) with description of a new species from Australia. Zootaxa 5666 (4): 594-600, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5666.4.10, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5360.3.8
