identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03FAFA1E2F11FFC6DC35F9C9C5C508AD.text	03FAFA1E2F11FFC6DC35F9C9C5C508AD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	(Holcophilydrus) Kniz 1912	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Subgenus  Holcophilydrus Kniž, 1912</p>
            <p> Subgenus  Holcophilydrus Kniž, 1912 : (168) </p>
            <p> Type species:  Holcophilydrus ussuriensis Kniž, 1912 : (168) </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FAFA1E2F11FFC6DC35F9C9C5C508AD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ryndevich, Sergey K.;Prokin, Alexander A.	Ryndevich, Sergey K., Prokin, Alexander A. (2024): Taxonomic status of Enochrus simulans and E. umbratus (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Russian Entomological Journal 33 (4): 430-444, DOI: 10.15298/rusentj.33.4.04
03FAFA1E2F11FFC6DC74FAA6C5BA0BDD.text	03FAFA1E2F11FFC6DC74FAA6C5BA0BDD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Enochrus Thomson 1859	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Enochrus Thomson, 1859</p>
            <p> Enochrus Thomson, 1859: 18 . </p>
            <p> Type species:  Hydrophilus bicolor sensu Gyllenhal, 1808 (=  Hydrophilus melanocephalus Olivier, 1793 ). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FAFA1E2F11FFC6DC74FAA6C5BA0BDD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ryndevich, Sergey K.;Prokin, Alexander A.	Ryndevich, Sergey K., Prokin, Alexander A. (2024): Taxonomic status of Enochrus simulans and E. umbratus (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Russian Entomological Journal 33 (4): 430-444, DOI: 10.15298/rusentj.33.4.04
03FAFA1E2F11FFCCDDFCF979C52B0B89.text	03FAFA1E2F11FFCCDDFCF979C52B0B89.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Enochrus (Holcophilydrus) simulans (Sharp 1873)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Enochrus (Holcophilydrus) simulans (Sharp, 1873)</p>
            <p>Figs 1–10, 13–14, 19–24, 27–33, 34–41, 45–47, 49–51, 54–56.</p>
            <p> Philhydrus simulans Sharp, 1873: 59 Philhydrus umbratus Sharp, 1884: 454 (partim)  Enochrus ussuriensis Kniž, 1911: 168 Enochrus kishidai Kamiya, 1935: 4</p>
            <p>  MATERIAL. Type material. Holotype.  Male , Japan, </p>
            <p>“ Type.” [red bordered round printed label]”, “ Japan, G.</p>
            <p> Lewis, 1910-320” [printed labels],  Philhydrus simulans , </p>
            <p> Type D.S.” [Sharp's writing], Holotypus,  Philydrus simulans</p>
            <p>Sharp, 1873 ♂, des. Shödl, 1996” [red label Shödl 's writing]</p>
            <p>(NHML).</p>
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                  ADDITIONAL MATERIAL. China:  San Chekhe [riv- er Sanchahe, Jilin Province], [leg.] Grachevsky, 14.VII. [18]91, 1 specimen (ZISP)  .   North Korea. Sariuon, prov. Khoankhado, S.  Koreya [North Korea], 2.VII.[1]950, [leg.] Bokhsenius, 1 specimen (ZISP)  ;  same data but 19.VII.[1]950, 24 specimens (ZISP) ;  same data but 20.VII.[1]950, 4 specimens (ZISP) .   Japan. “Japan, G. Lewis, 1905-313” [printed labels], “Hakodate” [Sharp's writing],  “umbratus ” [  Sharp's writing],” Paralectotypus,  Philydrus umbratus Sharp, 1884 ♂, des. Shödl, 1996” [red label Shödl 's writing], “  Philhydrus umbratus Sharp , paralectotype, S. Ryndevich &amp; A. Prokin des., 2021 [red printed label]”; female “  Philydrus umbratus , Niigata, 14.9.81, Lewis” [Sharp’s writing on the face of the card], “Japan, G. Lewis ” [printed label], “Sharp Coll. 1905-313” [print- ed label]  , ” Paralectotypus,  Philydrus umbratus Sharp, 1884 ♀, des. Shödl, 1996” [2 red labels Shödl 's writing], “   Paralectotype ” [blue bordered round printed label]; “  Philydrus umbratus Sharp , paralectotype, S. Ryndevich &amp; A. Prokin des., 2021 [red printed label] (all in NHML)  .   Tsuruga [Fukui Prefecture], Nippon,  Japan , 29.VIII.[1]917, [leg.] Rashkovskiy, 1 specimen (ZISP)  .   Russia. Primorsky Krai. Primorsk. kr. [Primorsky Krai], Ussur. r-n [Ussuriysky district], s. [vllage]  Kamenushka , 25.VII.1982; [leg.] N. Nikitsky, 2 specimens (ZMMU)  ;  same data but 12.VII.1982, 1 specimen (ZMMU) ;   Primorskiy kray [Primorsky Krai], s. [village]  Lazo , 7–8.VIII.2005, na svet [at light], leg. Yu. Sundukov, 1 specimen (CSR)  ;  same data but 7–13.VI.2006, 1 specimen (IBIW) ;   Lazovskiy zapov. [Lazovski Reserve], uste r. [river mouth]  Sokolovka , 28.VII.2005, na svet [at light], leg. Yu. Sundukov, 2 specimens (MPU)  ;   s. [village]  Lazo , 7–13.VIII.2006, leg. Sundukov, Shokhrin, 2 specimens (CSR, MPU)  .   Lazovskiy zap-k [Lazovski Reserve],  Sokolovka , 16.VIII.2005, na svet [at light], leg. Sundukov, Shokhrin, 2 specimens (MPU, IBIW)  ;  same data but 28.VII.2005, 2 specimens (IBIW) ;   Primorsky Krai,  Spassk-Dalny , at light, 10.VII.2016, leg. M.E. Sergeev, 3 specimens (IBIW)  ;   [Khankaysky District], [village] Troitskoe, oz. [lake] Khanka,  Primor’e [Primorye]. 17.VII.[19]09, [leg.] Cherskiy 1 specimen (ZISP)  ;  same data but 3.VII.[19]09, 1 specimen (ZISP) ;  same data but 4.VII.[19]09, 2 specimens (ZISP) ,  same data but 5.VII.[19]09, 4 specimens (ZISP) ;  same data but 6.VII.[19]09, 1 specimen (ZISP) ;  same data but 11.VII.[19]09, 1 specimen (ZISP) ;  same data but 13.VII.[19]09, 20 specimens (ZISP) ;  same data but 14.VII.[19]09, 1 specimen (ZISP) ;  same data but 17.VII.[19]09, 5 specimens (ZISP) ;  same data but 26.VII.[19]09, 1 specimen (ZISP) ;   [village] Kamen-Ribolov, oz. [lake] Khanka,  Yuzhnouss. [South Ussuri Krai, old name], 7.V.[19]08, [leg.] A. Cherskiy 1 specimen (ZISP)  ;  same data but 3.IX.[19]08, 2 specimens (ZISP) ;   Primorsk. obl. [Primorskaya Oblast, old name], oz. [lake]  Khanka , [vllage] Kamen-Ribolov 31.VII.[19]10, [leg.] Tarobarov, 4 specimens (ZISP)  ;  same data but 17.VII.[19]10, 1 specimen (ZISP) ;   s. [village] Monastyrishche,  Prim. o. [Primorskaya Oblast, old name], 20.VI.[1]907, [leg.] Emel’yanov, 1 specimen (ZISP)  ;   Dol. [valley] Lunzy [Lunza River, old name, now Gribnaya River in Chernigovsky District],  Prim. o. [Primorskaya Oblast, old name], VII.[1]915, [leg.]  Emel’yanov , 1 specimen (ZISP)  ;   St. [station] Devitsa,  Yu . oz. [farther south of lake]  Khanka ,  Ussur. kr. [Ussuri Krai, old name], 14.VII.[1]927, Sokolov, 1 specimen (ZISP)  ;   [village] Yakovlevka, Spas. u.  Ussur. kr. [Spassky uezd, Ussuri Krai, old name, now Spassky District], 30.VI.[1]927, [leg] Sokolov, 1 specimen (ZISP)  ;  same data but 7.VIII.[1]926, [leg] Dyakonov, Filip’ev, 4 specimens (ZISP) ;   [village] Vinogradovka,  Ussur. kr. [Ussuri Krai, old name], 1–2.VIII.[1]929, [leg.] Dyakonov, Filip’ev, 1 specimen (ZISP)  ;  same data but 4.VIII.[1]929, 1 specimen (ZISP) ;  same data but 7.VIII.[1]929, 1 specimen (ZISP) ;   Ussuriysk,  Primor. 20.VIII.[1]969, [leg.] Kryzhanovskiy, 1 specimen (ZISP)  ;   r. Tumen-Ula [old name, now Tumen River],  Ross-Kor. granits. [Russia-Korea border], 12.VII.[1]913, [leg.] Cherskiy, 8 specimens (ZISP)  ;  same data but 13.VII.[1]913, 13 specimens (ZISP) ;  same data but 14.VII.913 5 specimens (ZISP) ;   Primorsk. obl. [Primorskaya Oblast, old name],  Tuman-Ula [old name, now Tumen River], 4.VIII.[19]14, Cherskiy, 1 specimen (ZISP)  ;   Yu Primor’e [South Primorye],  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.74973/lat 42.4075)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.74973&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.4075">Khasanskiy</a>
                 r-n [Khasansky district]], 8.5 km YuV g. [SE of Khasan urban-type settlement], 42°24'27"N 130°44'59"E, 24.V.2022, leg. K. Makarov, A. Makarov, 1 specimen (MPU)  ;   10.7 km VSV [ENE of Khasan urban-type settlement], m. [cape]  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.77972/lat 42.448334)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.77972&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.448334">Ostrovok Fashivyy</a>
                 , 42°26'54"N 130°46'47"E, 23.V.2022, leg. K.Makarov, 1 specimen (MPU)  ;   5 km Z s. [W of village]  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 131.77972/lat 45.1325)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=131.77972&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.1325">Pervomayskoe</a>
                 ], bolotse [swamp], h~130, 45°07'57"N 131°46'47"E, 14.V.2024, leg. K. Makarov, 3 specimens (MPU)  ;   3.5 km Yu p. [S of urban-type settlement] Turiy rog, Vtoraya rechka bereg oz. [shore of lake]  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 131.99556/lat 45.198612)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=131.99556&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.198612">Khasan</a>
                 , h~70, 45°11'55"N 131°59'44"E, 13.V.2024, leg. K. Makarov, Yu. Sundukov, 9 specimens (MPU)  ;   Yu Primop’e [South Primorye], Chernigovsky r-n [district]], 2.5 km V. s. [W of village]  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 132.83112/lat 44.371944)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=132.83112&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=44.371944">Merkushevka</a>
                 , h~200, 44°22'19"N 132°49'52"E, 17.V.2024, leg. K. Makarov, 1 specimen (MPU)  ;   okr. p. [near urban-type settlement] Tikhovodnoe, ber. P. [river bank]  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 132.57417/lat 44.433056)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=132.57417&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=44.433056">Ditrievka</a>
                 , 44°25'59"N 132°34'27"E, h~70, 18.VI.2023, leg. I. Melnik, 1 specimen (MPU)  .   Sakhalin Oblast. Kunashir Isl., right slope of  Severyanka River valley , 10.VIII.2017, leg. К. Makarov, 1 specimen (MPU)  ;   hills south of  Stolbchaty cape, 21.VII.2013, leg. Yu. Sundukov, L. Sundukova, 3 specimens. (CSR, MPU)  ;   thermal spring 1 km south-east of  Alekhino outpost, 18.VII.2009, leg. K. Makarov, A. Zaitsev, 1 specimen (CSR)  ;   caldera of Golovnin volcano, western shore of  Lake Goryacheye , 30.V.2017, leg. Yu. Sundukov, L. Sundukova, 1 specimen (MPU)  ;   coastal marshes between Belozerskaya and  Rikorda rivers, 19.VIII.2017, leg. К. Makarov, Yu. Sundukov, 4 specimens (MPU)  ;   near Dubovoe, shore of  Khlebnikova River , 21.VIII.2017, leg. К. Makarov, Yu. Sundukov, 1 specimen (MPU)  ;   watershed of Golovnina and  Khlebnikova rivers, 20.VIII.2017, leg. K. Makarov, Yu. Sundukov, 1 specimen (MPU)  ;   near  Golovnino , at light, 20.VIII.2017, leg. К. Makarov, Yu. Sundukov 1 specimen (IBIW)  ;   east of  Golovnino , flood-plain, 20.VIII.2017, leg. K. Makarov, Yu. Sundukov, 1 specimen (MPU)  ;   mouth of  Rikorda River , 22.VIII.2017, leg. К. Makarov, Yu. Sundukov, 1 specimen (MPU)  . 
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            <p>REDESCRIPTION. Form and colour. Body oval, slightly convex (Figs 1–10, 15–16), length 4.8– 6.0 mm, width 2.5–3.0 mm. Maximum body width in basal part, in front of middle of elytra. Lateral margin of the elytra is sharply rounded at the apices (Figs 15–16). Dorsal side yellowish to reddish-yellow and yellowish-brown. Basal part of head and central triangular spot black. Female with large central dark spot, that reaches the labrum and occupies most of the head (Figs 23–24). Labrum of male usually pale (Figs 19, 21–22), less often darkened (Fig. 20). Female labrum dark (Figs 23–24). Pronotum with four small and one large central dark spots (Figs 1–10). Lateral parts of pronotum and elytra paler. Punctate striae may be darkened (Figs 1, 3, 9–10, 28–30). Maxillary palpomeres and antennae yellowish to reddish-yellow or brownish-yellow except for darker club. The last segment is darkened on apex. Ventral surface black to dark brown, posterior margins of abdominal ventrites paler, brown or reddish-brown. Legs reddish-yellow and yellowish-brown, posterior margins of femora darker, tarsi brownish-yellow or reddish-yellow.</p>
            <p>Head. Dorsal surface with dense evenly punctation with moderately coarse punctures being of equal size, without microsculpture. Groups of larger and coarser punctures are located around the inner edge of eyes and along anterior margin of head. Clypeus with dense, moderately coarse punctures, interstices without microsculpture. Anterior margin of clypeus with very narrow bead. Eyes big, hardly protruding, emarginated anteriorly, separated by ca. 3.4–3.7× width of one eye (Figs 19–24). Mentum almost flat with setae in anterior part, about 1.3–1.4 times as wide as long. Antennae with 9 antennomeres, scapus ca. about 1× as long as antennomeres 2–5 combined, club non compact. Maxillary palpomere 4 symmetrical, ca. 1.5–1.6× as long as palpomere 3 in length.</p>
            <p>Thorax. Elytra and pronotum without microsculpture, have very rare large punctures (with rare trichobothria). Pronotum 3.1–3.4 times as long as elytra. Pronotum ca. 2.2–2.3× as wide as long, strongly narrowed anteriorly. Pronotal punctation similar to that on head. In lateral part of pronotum large punctures formed oval which interrupted from inside at the center level of pronotum. Margins of pronotum narrowly rimmed. Prosternum well developed, protruding anteromedially, with a transverse groove, carina, which can only be detectable posteriorly. Mesoventral elevation high acute and dentiform (Figs 49–51). Metaventrite not abruply raised, with dense punctate pubescence median pentagonal area ca. 0.9–1 × as long as wide, center of pentagonal area glabrous. Scutellum clearly elongated, ca.&gt; 1 × as long as wide (Figs 34–41). Elytra with 9 punctate striae, punctate row at outer edge of elytra and short scutellary stria in base of first elytral interval. Intervals flat; ground punctures on intervals fine. Large punctures (with trichobothria) in elytra situated in the 3 rd, 5 th, 7 th and 9 th elytral intervals. Humeral bulge not distinct. Epipleura rather weakly oblique anteriorly, more so posteriorly. Femora with sparse and shallow punctures ventrally, pubescence part of metafemora occuped about 1/7 of femoral length. Tarsi with very short pale setae ventrally. Fifth tarsomere about as long as tarsomeres 3–4 combined. Claw long, quite widely spaced from fifth protarsomere of male (Figs 45–47).</p>
            <p>Abdomen. Abdomen with five exposed ventrites, dense uniformpubescence; first ventrite not carinate; ca. as long as second ventrite, fifth ventrite arcuate, not emarginate apically.</p>
            <p>Male genitalia (Figs 54–56). Phallobase symmetrical, about 1.3 times as long as paramere. Parameres strong narrow in apical half; rounded at apex, clear spread at apex (Fig. 56). Penis with narrowly spaced ароdemes, apical part about 1.4 times as long as ароdemes, corona large, situated subapically.</p>
            <p>VARIATION. Some males from Japan have dark labrum (Fig. 20). Labrum can be darked completely or only in the center (Fig. 20). Dorsal color is quite variable (Figs 1–10). Specimens from mainland Eurasia have deeper and sharper punctate elytral striae (Figs 7–10, 32–33), specimens from Kuril islands and Japan have shallower elytral striae (Figs 1–6, 27–31).</p>
            <p>PUBLISHED RECORDS. Japan [Zaitsev, 1908], Japan [Uéno et al., 1985]; Russia: Primorsky Krai: Ussuriysky Nature Reserve; “Tshernye Gory, Venedivnovo” (=Venevitino=Venevitinovo vill., Nadezhdinsky District), “Baranovskij” (= Baranovskiy vill, Nadezhdinsky District, Sakhalin Oblast: Aniva District, 5 km W Aniva) [Hebauer, 1995]; Primorsky Krai, Japan, [Shatrovskiy 1989]; China (“Manchuria”, Nei Mongol), Taiwan [Gentili et al., 1995]; South Korea, Japan, China (“Manchuria”), Taiwan [Hansen, 1999, 2004]; Korea, Japan, North-East China (including Taiwan), Primorsky Krai [Kirejtshuk, Shatrovskiy 2001]; Russia: Lazovsky Nature Reserve: Lazo, Sokolovka, Chekhunenko, Bolotnikovo [Prokin, 2009]; China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Beijing, Tianjin, Liaoning, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Hubei; Shanghai) [Jia, Wang, 2010], Japan (Honshû: Izumo-shi, Kisuki-chô, Nadabunchô, Shakunouchi-kôen Shimane-ken, Sonochô; Kyushu: Nakanosu; Okinoshima) [Minoshima, Hayashi, 2011]; subtaiga zone of Russian Far East and Japan [Ryndevich, 2014]; South Korea (Nohwa and Bogil Islands); South Korea (Chungcheongbuk-do, Chungcheongnam-do, Gyeongsangbukdo, Gyeonggi-do, Gyeongsangnam-do, Gangwon-do, Jeollabuk-do, Jeollanam-do, Jeju-do); North Korea, China, Japan, Far East Russia [Jung et al., 2020]; Kunashir Isl.: right slope of Severyanka River valley, hills south of Stolbchaty cape, thermal spring 1 km south-east of Alekhino outpost, the caldera of Golovnin volcano, western shore of Lake Goryacheye, coastal marshes between Belozerskaya and Rikorda rivers, near Dubovoe, shore of Khlebnikova River, watershed of Golovnina and Khlebnikova rivers, near Golovnino, flood-plain east of Golovnino, the mouth of Rikorda River [Ryndevich et al., 2021], Spassk-Dalny [Sazhnev et al., 2021].</p>
            <p> DISTRIBUTION. China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Beijing, Tianjin, Liaoning, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Hubei; Shanghai), North Korea, Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Okinoshima), Russia (Far East), South Korea, Taiwan (Fig. 57) . </p>
            <p>BIONOMICS. Water beetles. Species is found in rivers, lakes, thermal streams, flies at light.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FAFA1E2F11FFCCDDFCF979C52B0B89	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ryndevich, Sergey K.;Prokin, Alexander A.	Ryndevich, Sergey K., Prokin, Alexander A. (2024): Taxonomic status of Enochrus simulans and E. umbratus (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Russian Entomological Journal 33 (4): 430-444, DOI: 10.15298/rusentj.33.4.04
03FAFA1E2F1BFFCBDDF9FA05C4830DFB.text	03FAFA1E2F1BFFCBDDF9FA05C4830DFB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Enochrus (Holcophilydrus) umbratus (Sharp 1884)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Enochrus (Holcophilydrus) umbratus (Sharp, 1884) stat.rev.</p>
            <p>Figs 11–14, 17–18, 25–26, 42–44, 48, 52, 53.</p>
            <p> Philydrus umbratus Sharp, 1884: 454 (partim). </p>
            <p> MATERIAL. Type material. Lectotype (present designation). Male, Japan, “  Philydrus umbratus , Types D.S., [Lake] Chiuzenji [Nikko, Tochigi Prefecture], Japan, 24.8.1881, Lewis” [Sharp’s writing on the face of the card], “Type” [printed label], “ Japan, G. Lewis” [printed label], “Sharp Coll. 1905- 313” [printed label], ” Lectotypus,  Philydrus umbratus Sharp, 1884 ♂, des. Shödl, 1996” [red label Shödl 's writing], Lectotype ” [blue bordered round printed label]; “  Philydrus umbratus Sharp , lectotype, S. Ryndevich &amp; A. Prokin des., 2021” [white printed label]. Paralectotypes. Japan: 2 females [originally mounted on one card with lectotype], same data as for lectotype, but “ Paralectotypus,  Philydrus umbratus Sharp, 1884 ♀, des. Shödl, 1996” [2 red label Shödl 's writing], “ Paralectotype ” [blue bordered round printed label]; “  Philydrus umbratus Sharp , paralectotype, S. Ryndevich &amp; A. Prokin des., 2021 [2 red printed labels]”; male and female [originally mounted on one card] “  Philydrus umbratus, Chiuzenji , 24.8.81, Japan, Lewis“[Sharp’s writing], “ Japan, G. Lewis” [printed label], “Sharp Coll. 1905-313” [printed label], ” Paralectotypus,  Philydrus umbratus Sharp, 1884 ♂ (&amp; ♀), des. Shödl, 1996” [2 red labels Shödl 's writing], “ Paralectotype ” [blue bordered round printed label]; “  Philydrus umbratus Sharp , paralectotype, S. Ryndevich &amp; A. Prokin des., 2021 [2 red printed labels] (all in NHML). </p>
            <p>REMARKS. Type material has labels by Stefan Schödl (1957–2005), but the lectotype of the species had never been officially designated until now.</p>
            <p>  The species was described from Nikko, Niigata,  Yokohama and  Hakodate , but we haven't studied the type material from Yokohama. Lectotype is placed on one card (left) with two paralectotypes (females). Male genitalia of males mounted on a plastic plates and placed below the card on a pin. </p>
            <p> Paralectotypes of  Philydrus umbratus ) from Hakodate and Niigata (Figs 28, 45–46) are belongs to  Enochrus simulans . </p>
            <p>REDESCRIPTION. Form and colour. Body oval, slightly convex (Figs 11–14), length 5.4–6.1 mm, width 2.9–3.3 mm. Maximum body width in basal part, in front of middle of elytra. Lateral margins of the elytra is smoothly rounded at the apices (Figs 13–14). Dorsal side reddish-yellow to yellowish-brown. Basal part of the head and central triangular spot are black. Central dark spot reaches the labrum and occupies most part of head. Triangular spot of the female is larger than that of male. Labrum of male and female dark (Figs 17–18). Lateral parts of labrum of male slightly paler. Pronotum with four small and one large central dark spots (Figs 11–12). Lateral parts of pronotum and elytra paler. Punctate rows not darkened (Figs 11–12). Maxillary palpomeres and antennae yellowish to reddish-yellow or brownish- yellow except for darker club. The last segment is darkened on apex. Ventral surface black to dark brown, posterior margins of abdominal ventrites paler, brown or reddish-brown. Legs reddish-yellow. Posterior margins of femora darker, tarsi brownish-yellow or reddish-yellow.</p>
            <p>Head. Dorsal surface with dense evenly punctation with moderately coarse punctures being of equal size, without microsculpture. Groups of larger and coarser punctures are located around the inner edge of eyes and along anterior margin of head. Clypeus with dense, moderately coarse punctures, interstices without microsculpture. Anterior margin of clypeus with very narrow bead. Eyes big, hardly protruding, emarginated anteriorly, separated by ca. 4.2–4.3× width of one eye (Figs 17–18). Mentum almost flat with setae in anterior part, 1.6 times as wide as long. Antennae with 9 antennomeres, scapus about 1× as long as antennomeres 2–5 combined, club non compact. Maxillary palpomere 4 symmetrical with, ca. 1.4× as long as, palpomere 3 in length.</p>
            <p>Thorax. Elytra and pronotum without microsculpture, have very rare large punctures (with rare trichobothria). Pronotum 3.2–3.4 times as long as elytra. Pronotum ca. 2.0–2.1× as wide as long, strongly narrowed anteriorly. Pronotal punctation similar to that on head. In lateral part of pronotum large punctures forming oval which interrupted from inside at the center level of pronotum. Margins of pronotum narrowly rimmed. Prosternum well developed, protruding anteromedially, with a transverse groove, carina, which can only be detectable posteriorly. Mesoventral elevation high acute and dentiform (Fig. 48). Metaventrite not abruply raised, with dense punctate pubescence median pentagonal area ca. 0.9–1 × as long as wide, center of pentagonal area glabrous. Scutellum expanded, ca. &lt;1 × as long as wide. Elytra with 9 punctate striae, barely noticeable punctate row at outer edge of elytra. Punctate striae near elytral base smoothed out and poorly distinguishable. Short scutellary stria in base of first elytral interval absent. Large punctures (with trichobothria) in elytra situated in the 3 rd, 5 th, 7 th and 9 th elytral intervals. Humeral bulge not distinct. Epipleura rather weakly oblique anteriorly, more so posteriorly. Femora with sparse and shallow punctures ventrally, pubescence part of metafemora occuped about 1/7 of femoral length. Tarsi with very short pale setae ventrally. Fifth tarsomere about as long as tarsomeres 3–4 combined. Claw not long, not wide spaced from fifth protarsomere of male (Fig. 44).</p>
            <p>Abdomen. Abdomen with five exposed ventrites, dense uniformpubescence; first ventrite not carinate; ca. as long as second ventrite, fifth ventrite arcuate, not emarginate apically.</p>
            <p>Male genitalia (Figs 52–53). Phallobase symmetrical, about 1.2 times as long as paramere. Parameres strong narrow in apical half; rounded at apex, noticeably joined at apex (Fig. 53). Penis with narrowly spaced ароdemes, apical part about 1.4 times as long as ароdemes, corona large, situated subapically.</p>
            <p>PUBLISHED RECORDS. Japan [Zaitsev, 1908; Hansen, 1999, 2004].</p>
            <p>DISTRIBUTION. Japan: Honshu (Fig. 60).</p>
            <p> NOTE. All records of  E. umbratus from mainland Eurasia (Russian Far East, South Korea), the Kuril Islands and most localities from Japanese islands (with the exception of Honshu) refer to  E. simulans [Kamiya, 1940, Lee et al., 1992, Lee, 1994, Kim et al., 1994, Hansen, 1999, 2004, Kirejtshuk, Shatrovskiy 2001, Cho, Park, 2010, Ryndevich, 2014]. </p>
            <p>BIONOMICS. Water beetles. Type specimens were collected in lake.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FAFA1E2F1BFFCBDDF9FA05C4830DFB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ryndevich, Sergey K.;Prokin, Alexander A.	Ryndevich, Sergey K., Prokin, Alexander A. (2024): Taxonomic status of Enochrus simulans and E. umbratus (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Russian Entomological Journal 33 (4): 430-444, DOI: 10.15298/rusentj.33.4.04
