taxonID	type	description	language	source
03833A4A600D433BFF78FD08FBB4B7B9.taxon	description	SEM observations (Figs 37 – 46): — External valve view (Figs 37 – 42): striae extend from the axial area to the mantle and are composed of individual transapically elongated, slit-like areolae (Figs 38 – 42), numbering 36 in 10 µm (Figs 38 – 42). Mantle perforated by small linear poroids at the valve ends (Figs 37, 38, 42). Proximal raphe endings curved towards the dorsal margins, pore like and slightly expanded (Figs 37 – 40). Distal raphe endings curving over the junction of the valve face and mantle (Figs 37, 38, 42). Small rounded stigmoid located at the end of dorsal central striae (Figs 37 – 41). Internal valve view (Figs 43 – 46): striae separated by well-developed virgae (Figs 43 – 46). Areolae separated by siliceous struts (Figs 43 – 46). Raphe slits straight (Figs 43 – 46). Distal raphe endings terminate in small helictoglossae which are slightly angled towards the ventral margin (Figs 43, 46), proximal raphe endings lacking an intermissio (Figs 44, 46). Stigmoid is a vertical elongated slit at the end of dorsal central striae (Figs 44, 46).	en	Marquardt, Gisele C., Morais, Krysna S., Costa, Beatriz C., Fernandes, Valéria O., Zorzal-Almeida, Stéfano (2025): Encyonema capixabense sp. nov. (Cymbellales, Bacillariophyceae): a widespread diatom in Brazilian rivers first described from the Rio Doce Basin (southeastern Brazil). Phytotaxa 708 (1): 77-86, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.708.1.7, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.708.1.7
03833A4A600D433BFF78FD08FBB4B7B9.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — BRAZIL. Espírito Santo (ES): Linhares District, Rio Doce, periphyton, 0 m a. s. l., 19 ° 24 ’ 24.07 ” S, 40 ° 4 ’ 14.65 ” W, 1 November 2018, leg. S. Zorzal-Almeida (holotype: slide VIES! Microalga 9800014, depicted in Fig. 04; isotype: slide UPCB! 1152).	en	Marquardt, Gisele C., Morais, Krysna S., Costa, Beatriz C., Fernandes, Valéria O., Zorzal-Almeida, Stéfano (2025): Encyonema capixabense sp. nov. (Cymbellales, Bacillariophyceae): a widespread diatom in Brazilian rivers first described from the Rio Doce Basin (southeastern Brazil). Phytotaxa 708 (1): 77-86, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.708.1.7, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.708.1.7
03833A4A600D433BFF78FD08FBB4B7B9.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — The specific epithet capixabense is derived from capixaba, a demonym referring to the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, where the species was sampled. Associated flora: — Encyonema capixabense sp. nov. was the most abundant diatom in the holotype slide (30.9 % of relative abundance). The taxon was associated with a high abundance of Achnanthidium sp. 1 (20.6 %) and Gomphonema lagenula Kützing (8.7 %).	en	Marquardt, Gisele C., Morais, Krysna S., Costa, Beatriz C., Fernandes, Valéria O., Zorzal-Almeida, Stéfano (2025): Encyonema capixabense sp. nov. (Cymbellales, Bacillariophyceae): a widespread diatom in Brazilian rivers first described from the Rio Doce Basin (southeastern Brazil). Phytotaxa 708 (1): 77-86, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.708.1.7, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.708.1.7
03833A4A600D433BFF78FD08FBB4B7B9.taxon	biology_ecology	Ecology: — The holotype was collected attached to a submerged plant substrate (Apocynaceae) in a lotic environment. Encyonema capixabense sp. nov. was recorded in lotic environments of the lower Rio Doce region, where it exhibited an average relative abundance of 6.8 %, reaching a maximum of 47.3 %. In lentic environments, its maximum abundance was 5.8 %, with an average of 0.3 %. The species demonstrates a preference for mesotrophic conditions (ecological optimum for total phosphorus = 57.1 µg L ⁻ ¹; electrical conductivity = 84.2 µS cm ⁻ ¹), with a pH of approximately 7.7 and a turbidity of 38.9 NTU (Nephelometric Turbidity Unit).	en	Marquardt, Gisele C., Morais, Krysna S., Costa, Beatriz C., Fernandes, Valéria O., Zorzal-Almeida, Stéfano (2025): Encyonema capixabense sp. nov. (Cymbellales, Bacillariophyceae): a widespread diatom in Brazilian rivers first described from the Rio Doce Basin (southeastern Brazil). Phytotaxa 708 (1): 77-86, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.708.1.7, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.708.1.7
