taxonID	type	description	language	source
038A5B551704FFEEFF3540198EBAFC15.taxon	description	Already at the beginning of the 20 th century, some finds of B. cylindrica were described from Odesa (collected in 1902), as well as from the territory of the present Kherson (St. Gregory Biziukiv Monastery near Chervonyi Maiak) and Zaporizhzhia (Kamianka-Dniprovska) Regions (Lindholm, 1908). With the exception of the port city of Odesa, these sites were located along the Dnipro River, and since the 1950 s, along the banks of the Kakhovka Reservoir. It is interesting that in the monographs on land mollusks of the former Soviet Union published later (Likharev & Rammelmeyer, 1952; Schileyko, 1984), B. cylindrica is mentioned for Ukraine only from Crimea and Odesa. In 1978, B. cylindrica was found in Askania-Nova (Korniushin, 1986), Kherson Region, along with two more species of land mollusks brought from the Crimea: Oxychilua deilus (Bourguignat, 1857) and Monacha fruticola, see below. Now B. cylindrica can be considered widespread in the south of Ukraine (Gural-Sverlova, 2018), especially along the coasts of the Black and Azov seas and along the lower reaches of the Dnipro River, northward to Zaporizhzhia (fig. 1). The northernmost known finds of this species in Ukraine have so far been made in Kyiv (Vychalkovskaya, 2008) and Rivne (iNaturalist, 2024); outside Ukraine — in Minsk (Belarus), where this species is recorded locally since the end of 2021 (iNaturalist, 2024). In western Ukraine, a large population of B. cylindrica was first recorded on the grassy slopes of the stadium of the Ivan Franko National University of Lviv in 1998 (Sverlova et al., 2006). Since that time, the species has been found, although in much smaller numbers, at two more sites of Lviv distant from each other and from the stadium. In one of these cases, the snails were found near the city’s main railway station, which may indicate they were brought in by rail. Besides Lviv, B. cylindrica was registered in 2014 in the Podilski Tovtry National Natural Park near the village of Bila, Chemerivtsi District, Khmelnytskyi Region (Balashov et al., 2018), and in 2022 in Rivne (iNaturalist, 2024).	en	Gural-Sverlova, N. V., Gural, R. I. (2024): Alien Mollusks Of Crimean Origin In Other Parts Of Ukraine: Present Distribution And Chronology Of Its Discovery. Zoodiversity 58 (5): 369-380, DOI: 10.15407/zoo2024.05.369, URL: https://doi.org/10.15407/zoo2024.05.369
038A5B551705FFEEFF3D45EA8F9EFA78.taxon	description	Currently, samples of B. bidens from Chaplynka and Tymkove are stored in the collection of land mollusks of the Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology in Kyiv (Balashov, 2016), samples from Burchak and Stokopani — in SMNHL. Images of two shells from Burchak are shown in Gural-Sverlova et al. (2018: fig. 2).	en	Gural-Sverlova, N. V., Gural, R. I. (2024): Alien Mollusks Of Crimean Origin In Other Parts Of Ukraine: Present Distribution And Chronology Of Its Discovery. Zoodiversity 58 (5): 369-380, DOI: 10.15407/zoo2024.05.369, URL: https://doi.org/10.15407/zoo2024.05.369
038A5B551706FFECFF3546BE8C73FEBC.taxon	description	Most of the known records of M. fruticola outside Crimea were made in Kherson, Mykolaiv, Odesa, and Zaporizhzhia Regions (fig. 2). In particular, M. fruticola is not only widespread, but also a mass species of land snails both in the southern (Gensytskyi, 2021) and northern (Gural-Sverlova et al., 2018) parts of the Zaporizhzhia Region. In contrast to B. cylindrica (fig. 1), only a few records of M. fruticola are known so far in the Donetsk Region (fig. 2).	en	Gural-Sverlova, N. V., Gural, R. I. (2024): Alien Mollusks Of Crimean Origin In Other Parts Of Ukraine: Present Distribution And Chronology Of Its Discovery. Zoodiversity 58 (5): 369-380, DOI: 10.15407/zoo2024.05.369, URL: https://doi.org/10.15407/zoo2024.05.369
038A5B551707FFE2FF3D47B48E1DF8F4.taxon	description	The earliest sample of H. albescens from eastern Ukraine, stored at SMNHL (Gural-Sverlova & Gural, 2020 a), was collected in 1987 in one of the city parks of Donetsk. We did not find any literary references to earlier records of H. albescens in this part of Ukraine, however, focused study of land mollusks began here also relatively recently (Gural-Sverlova et al., 2012). Apparently, the most interesting finds of H. albescens were made at the beginning of the 21 st century in floodplain forests in the south of the Lugansk Region (Balashov, 2013). H. albescens was recorded there twice together with a relict species of Caucasian origin, Elia novorossica (Retowski, 1888). In addition to land mollusks, the Donetsk Upland could be a refugium for a number of invertebrate and plant species (Gural-Sverlova & Martynov, 2009). While the nature of the range of H. albescens (native or recently expanded as a result of human activity) in southern Ukraine is difficult to determine, the lately noted movement of this species to the north (table 1), up to the Kyiv, Poltava and Kharkiv Regions (fig. 3) is clearly caused by relativelly recent introductions, intentional or accidental. In administrative regions not bordering the Black or Azov Seas, H. albescens is more often observed in regional centres (Dnipro, Kyiv, Poltava, Kropyvnytskyi) and other large settlements (for example, Kryvyi Rih in the Dnipropetrovsk Region). One of the northernmost known records, made in Kyiv in 2006, was described in a separate publication (Balashov & Vasyliuk, 2007). In general, at least single species of land mollusks of Crimean origin, analysed in this paper, have now been reliably registered in more than half of the administrative regions of Ukraine (fig. 4, table 2). Predictable, a larger number of such species were recorded in the south of Ukraine, especially in the Odesa, Kherson and Zaporizhzhia Regions (fig. 4). Outside the steppe zone of Ukraine, the Kyiv Region is in the lead, which is caused by the large capital city as well as the intensity of malacological research and a larger number of amateur naturalists posting their observations in citizen science databases. Despite the fact that three of the analysed species of land mollusks (B. cylindrica, M. fruticola, H. albescens) are currently quite widespread in Ukraine, their penetration into many administrative regions happened relatively recently. This may be indirectly evidenced by the dates of their first records (tables 1, 2). The only exceptions are such southern regions, close to the Crimean peninsula, as Odesa, Kherson and Zaporizhzhia ones (table 2), where single records of B. cylindrica and H. albescens were known already at the beginning of the 20 th century. It is significant that these finds were made in a port city (Odesa) or along the Dnipro River, which was also an important transport route. The colonization the coastal areas of southern Ukraine by some species of Crimean origin (as a result of natural expansion of species ranges or introductions) then increased the likelihood of their further transportation by people to more distant territories. Сonclusions Two of the five analysed species of land mollusks of Crimean origin (B. cylindrica, M. fruticola) are now also known in all parts of Ukraine outside Crimea, at least from single records in recent years. B. cylindrica occurs in some settlements not only in the north of Ukraine, but also much further north, in Minsk, Belarus. A third species, H. albescens, is also gradually expanding its range in Ukraine, although it has not yet been discovered in the west of the country. B. bidens has so far been registered in four localities of Odesa, Kherson and Zaporizhzhia Regions, one of which is mentioned for the first time in this article. For M. gracilicosta, endemic to the mountainous Crimea, a single introduction into Odesa has been described. The data systematised in the article can become the basis for monitoring the further spread of the analysed species of land mollusks in different parts of Ukraine. In addition to mollusks of Crimean origin, Crimea could be a source of introduction of some other species, autochthonous or alien to the Crimean peninsula itself, to other administrative regions of Ukraine. These will be reviewed in a separate publication. Acknowledgments The authors are grateful to all the persons who, at different times, handed over the land mollusks they collected in different regions of Ukraine to the Malacological Collection or to the Malacological Laboratory of the SMNHL for identification. We are particularly grateful to Andrii Shklyaruk (Odesa), Serhii Kramarenko (Mykolaiv National Agrarian University), Volodymyr Martynov (Donetsk National University), Viktor Busel (Velykyi Luh National Nature Park, Zaporizhzhya Region), and Maxim Gensytskyi (Melitopol State Pedagogical University) for the valuable data they provided for our publication.	en	Gural-Sverlova, N. V., Gural, R. I. (2024): Alien Mollusks Of Crimean Origin In Other Parts Of Ukraine: Present Distribution And Chronology Of Its Discovery. Zoodiversity 58 (5): 369-380, DOI: 10.15407/zoo2024.05.369, URL: https://doi.org/10.15407/zoo2024.05.369
