taxonID	type	description	language	source
0392A0158978612BD6EC515F10C9F904.taxon	materials_examined	Type species. Trypoxylon figulus Linnaeus, 1758. Diagnosis. The genus is characteristic as follows: frontoclypeal suture far from antennal socket; middle and lower part of frontal area protrude and change considerably, some species form shield, boat or nasiform shape; inner eye orbits distinctly emarginated, forewing with a submarginal cell, mid tibia with an apical spur and metasomal petiole forms clubbed or flashed shape (Bohart & Menke, 1976).	en	Fu, Yan, Li, Qiang, Ma, Li (2024): Two new species of Trypoxylon Latreille, 1796 from China (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae). Zoological Systematics 49 (4): 309-319, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024404, URL: http://zoobank.org/991f2456-ff22-4f2b-aa09-c55f6f7a4de1
0392A01589786129D6EC50611385F943.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. The new species shares similarities with T. bifoveatum by the laminar dilation of dorsal area of propodeum and apex of metasomal terga II – III each with a fovea medially, but differs from the latter by following characters: supraantennal tubercle at anterior area transversely edged; in fore wing, R 1 longer than TCV; legs mostly pale yellow (all trochanters yellowish); metasomal sterna II – IV with yellowish spotted bands; male flagellomeres IV – VIII with linear tyloids ventrally (vs. supraantennal tubercle at anterior area roundly curved; R 1 less than or equal to TCV; legs mostly dark brown (all trochanters black); metasoma dark brown; male flagellomeres II – VI with linear tyloids, flagellomeres VII – VIII Figure 1. Trypoxylon flavimaculatum Fu & Li, sp. nov., female (A, C, F – G, J, L) and male (B, D – E, H – I, K, M – Q). A – B. Habitus, lateral view; C – D. Head, frontal view; E. Male antenna, lateral view; F, H. Pronotal collar and mesoscutum, dorsal view; G, I. Propodeum, dorsal view; J – K. Metasomal terga I – III, dorsal view; L – M. Mesosoma, lateral view; N. Male sternum VIII; O – Q. Male genitalia, ventral, dorsal and lateral view. Scale bar = 0.5 mm. beneath excavated at base and flagellomere VIII produced apically). Description. Female. Body length 7.7 – 8.0 mm. Labial palpi, maxillary palpi, mandible mostly, anterior margin of clypeus, pronotal lobe largely, tegula posteriorly, fore leg except base of coxa, mid leg except base of coxa and tarsus, apex of hind coxa, hind trochanter, metasomal sternum II apically, sternum III and base of sternum IV pale yellow; posterior margin of pronotal collar translucent; wings hyaline, veins and pterostigma brown. Body covered with short and silvery setae, length shorter than Od, seta on clypeus, lower frons and gena dense and appressed. Head (Fig. 1 C). Head quadrate in frontal view, HW: HL = 10: 9. Mandible simple. Clypeus nearly flat, with fine, dense punctures; lateral margin of clypeus slightly concave; free margin of clypeus with two small and blunt teeth medially, near tooth with one arcuate prominence on each side. Supraclypeal area narrow, long, length longer than its maximum apical width; supraantennal tubercle low, quadrate, transversely edged at anterior area, without median carina; supraantennal furrow lacking, F I = AW × 3.7, F I: F II: F III = 11: 8: 6. Frons microscopically coriaceous, with fine, dense punctures (PIS ≈ PD), frontal furrow extending as deeply impressed line almost to tip of supraantennal tubercle. Inner eye orbits strongly convergent below, eye incision moderately broad and rather shallow (IODs = 10: 3). Vertex slightly convex, ocellar triangle flattened (OOD: Od: POD = 1: 6: 5). Gena narrow, evenly convex. Mesosoma (Figs 1 F – G, L). Pronotal collar narrow medially and enlarged towards sides, with minute tubercle in middle, anterior margin of collar forms an obtuse triangle (Fig. 1 F); pronotal lobes rounded. Mesoscutum, scutellum and metanotum microscopically coriaceous, with fine, dense punctures (PIS ≈ PD). Mesopleuron microscopically coriaceous, without puncture. Metapleuron shiny, without puncture. Dorsal area of propodeum enclosed with shallow U-shaped groove, basally shiny, without oblique rugae, with broad and deep mid furrow, long and transverse rugae within furrow, sides of groove shiny, without puncture (Fig. 1 G). Posterior part of propodeum with deep mid groove. Propodeal lateral carina well-developed; propodeal side smooth, without rugae or puncture (Fig. 1 L). Wings. In fore wing, R 1 long, almost reaching apex of wing, R 1 = TCV × 1.5, CV 1 = CV 2 × 3.5, TCV: CV 2 = 6: 5, TCV straight. Metasoma (Fig. 1 J). Metasomal petiole flask-shaped, about 6.2 × as long as posterior width in dorsal, but shorter than metasomal terga II – III combined, P: Ma: 2 (Ma): 3 (Ma) = 53: 9: 30: 26, apex of metasomal terga II – III each with fovea medially. Male (Figs 1 B – E, H – I, K, M – Q). Body length 7.1 – 8.5 mm, similar to female externally, except following: metasomal sterna II – III and base of sternum IV mostly dark brown; clypeus less produced anteriorly, free margin with short tooth in middle (Fig. 1 D); flagellomeres IV – VIII beneath with linear tyloids, apex of last flagellomere blunt, not curved (Fig. 1 E); inner eye orbits notched more broadly and shallowly than female. Measurements: HW: HL = 10: 8.3; F I = AW × 2.7, F I: F II: F III = 8: 7: 7; F XI = BW × 2.1, F IX – X ＜ F XI ＜ F VIII – X; IODs = 10: 4, OOD: Od: POD = 2: 6: 5; R 1 = TCV × 1.2, CV 1 = CV 2 × 3.0, TCV = CV 2, TCV straight; P: Ma: 2 (Ma): 3 (Ma) = 35: 6: 19: 17; sternum 8 (Fig. 1 N); genitalia (Figs 1 O – Q). Material examined. Holotype ♀, China, Guizhou Province, Zunyi City, Xishui County, Changjidou Village, 28 ° 24 ′ 00 ″ N, 106 ° 11 ′ 12 ″ E, 1055 m, 29. IX. 2000, coll. Yun Ma (ZJU). Paratypes. 1 ♀, China, Fujian Province, Nanping City, Wuyishan City, Guadunshan, 27 ° 44 ′ 38 ″ N, 117 ° 38 ′ 58 ″ E, 1603 m, 24. VIII. 2007, coll. Jingxian Liu (ZJU); 1 ♀, China, Zhejiang Province, Quzhou City, Kaihua County, Gutian Mountain National Nature Reserve, 29 ° 15 ′ 20 ″ N, 118 ° 09 ′ 18 ″ E, 745 m, 2. VII. 2005, coll. Ming Shi (ZJU); 1 ♀, China, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin City, Longsheng Autonomous County, Huaping National Nature Reserve, 25 ° 37 ′ 47 ″ N, 109 ° 54 ′ 47 ″ E, 725 m, 25. VI. 1982, coll. Junhua He (ZJU); 3 ♂, China, Guangdong Province, Qingyuan City, Nanling National Nature Reserve, 24 ° 45 ' 29 " N, 112 ° 52 ' 03 " E, 429 m, 21 – 25. Ⅰ Ⅴ. 2011 (1 ♂), 1 – 6. Ⅴ. 2014 (1 ♂), 25. VI. 2016 (1 ♂), coll. Jingxian Liu (ZJU). Distribution. China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Zhejiang). Etymology. The specific name is derived from two Latin words: flav - (= yellow) and - maculatum (= macula), referring to the sterna II – IV with yellowish spotted bands.	en	Fu, Yan, Li, Qiang, Ma, Li (2024): Two new species of Trypoxylon Latreille, 1796 from China (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae). Zoological Systematics 49 (4): 309-319, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024404, URL: http://zoobank.org/991f2456-ff22-4f2b-aa09-c55f6f7a4de1
0392A015897A612FD6EC51AF13FFFAAD.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. The new species shares similarities with T. chosenense by the laminar dilation of free margin of clypeus and supraantennal tubercle, but differs from the latter by the following characters: metasomal petiole slender (GL / W = 3.5), and sides of petiole almost parallel medially; punctures on mesoscutum not stacked (PIS ≈ PD); slope from dorsal area to posterior area of propodeum small, lateral area narrow; body size slim and small; male flagellomeres II – VI with tyloids (vs. metasomal petiole thick and short (GL / W = 2.7), and sides of petiole not parallel medially; punctures on mesoscutum superimposed (PIS ≤ PD); slope from dorsal area to posterior area of propodeum large, lateral area broad; body size robust and larger; male flagellomeres II – VI without tyloids). Description. Female (Fig. 2 A). Body length 6.0 – 8.0 mm. Labial palpi, maxillary palpi, mandible mostly, free margin Figure 2. Trypoxylon tuberantennatum Fu & Li, sp. nov., female (A, C, F – G, J, L) and male (B, D – E, H – I, K, M – Q). A – B. Habitus, lateral view; C – D. Head, frontal view; E. Male antenna, lateral view; F, H. Pronotal collar and mesoscutum, dorsal view; G, I. Propodeum, dorsal view; J – K. Mesosoma, lateral view; L – M. Metasomal terga I – III, dorsal view; N. Male sternum VIII; O – Q. Male genitalia, ventral, dorsal and lateral view. Scale bar = 0.5 mm. of clypeus, fore tarsus, mid tarsus I and most of pronotal lobe yellowish brown; tegula, mid tarsis II – V and posterior margin of pronotal collar dark brown; wings hyaline, veins and pterostigma brown. Body covered with short and silvery setae, length shorter than Od, seta on clypeus, lower frons and gena dense and appressed. Head (Fig. 2 C). Head rounded in frontal view, HW: HL = 10: 9. Mandible simple. Clypeus nearly flat, with fine dense punctures; lateral margin of clypeus slightly concave; free margin of clypeus with narrow and short protrusion, and slightly incised in middle. Supraclypeal area broad and short, length approximately equal to its maximum apical width; supraantennal tubercle low tuberiform, with apical transverse carina reaching outer top of antennal socket rim, intercepting supraantennal furrow. F I = AW × 3.0, F I: F II: F III = 3: 2: 2. Frons microscopically coriaceous, with fine, dense punctures (PIS ≈ PD), frontal furrow obvious. Inner eye orbits weakly convergent below, eye incision moderately broad and rather shallow (IODs = 10: 8). Vertex slightly convex, ocellar triangle flattened (OOD: Od: POD = 1: 3: 3). Gena narrow, evenly convex. Mesosoma (Figs 2 F – G, J). Pronotal collar narrow medially and enlarged towards sides, without minute tubercle in middle, anterior margin of collar rounded (Fig. 2 F); pronotal lobes rounded. Mesoscutum, scutellum and metanotum microscopically coriaceous, with fine, dense punctures (PIS ≈ PD). Mesopleuron and metapleuron microscopically coriaceous, without puncture. Dorsal area of propodeum without U-shaped groove, without mid furrow, dorsum of propodeum entirely covered with oblique rugae (Fig. 2 G). Posterior surface of propodeum with deep mid groove. Propodeal lateral carina well-developed; propodeal side dull, with feeble striations anteriorly (Fig. 2 J). Wings. In fore wing, R 1 short, R 1 = TCV × 0.5, CV 1 = CV 2 × 4.0, TCV = CV 2, TCV straight. Metasoma (Fig. 2 L). Metasomal petiole club-shaped, about 3.5 × as long as posterior width in dorsal, approximately equal to metasomal terga II – III combined, P: Ma: 2 (Ma): 3 (Ma) = 39: 11: 21: 21. Male (Figs 2 B, D – E, H – I, K, M – Q). Body length 5.7 – 7.6 mm, similar to female externally, except: clypeus less produced anteriorly (Fig. 2 D); flagellomeres II – VI beneath with tyloids, last flagellomere gradually narrowing from base to apex, slightly curved apically (Fig. 2 E); eye incision more broadly and shallowly than female. Measurements: HW: HL = 10: 8.2; F I = AW × 2.4, F I: F II: F III = 6: 5: 5; F XI = BW × 1.7, F X ＜ F XI ＜ F IX – X; IODs = 10: 8.7, OOD: Od: POD = 2: 5: 6; R 1 = TCV × 0.2, CV 1 = CV 2 × 3.5, TCV = CV 2, TCV straight; P: Ma: 2 (Ma): 3 (Ma) = 33: 11: 18: 18; sternum VIII (Fig. 2 N); genitalia (Figs 2 O – Q). Material examined. Holotype ♀, China, Zhejiang Province, Ningbo City, Hangzhou Bay National Wetland Park, 30 ° 18 ′ 57 ″ N, 121 ° 9 ′ 14 ″ E, 4 m, 19. Ⅰ Ⅴ. 2011, coll. Yiping Wang (ZAFU). Paratypes. 50 ♀ 39 ♂, same data as holotype except, 14. Ⅰ Ⅹ. 2010 (3 ♀), 8. Ⅹ. 2010 (16 ♀), 5. Ⅹ Ⅰ. 2010 (18 ♀), 5. Ⅹ ⅠⅠ. 2010 (1 ♀), 21. Ⅴ. 2011 (1 ♀), 25. Ⅴ ⅠⅠ. 2011 (4 ♀), 8. Ⅹ. 2010 (22 ♂), 5. Ⅹ ⅠⅠ. 2010 (12 ♂), 29. Ⅴ Ⅰ. 2011 (1 ♂), yellow pan trap; 23. Ⅴ Ⅰ. 2011 (7 ♀), 15. Ⅴ ⅠⅠⅠ. 2010 (1 ♂), 14. Ⅰ Ⅹ. 2010 (2 ♂), 21. Ⅴ. 2011 (1 ♂), sweep net. Distribution. China (Zhejiang). Etymology. The specific name is derived from two Latin words: tuber - (= tubercular) and - antennatum (= antenna), referring to the flagellomeres II – VI beneath with tyloids.	en	Fu, Yan, Li, Qiang, Ma, Li (2024): Two new species of Trypoxylon Latreille, 1796 from China (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae). Zoological Systematics 49 (4): 309-319, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024404, URL: http://zoobank.org/991f2456-ff22-4f2b-aa09-c55f6f7a4de1
0392A015897C6122D6EC52C91254FE45.taxon	description	Description. Female. Body length 7.1 – 8.3 mm. Labial palpi, maxillary palpi, mandible mostly and tegula yellow brown; fore tibia and mid tibia yellow brown to dark brown; posterior margin of pronotal collar dark brown. Body covered with short and silvery setae. Mandible simple. Free margin of clypeus with broad and short protrusion, and slightly incised in middle (Fig. 3 C). Supraclypeal area broad and short; supraantennal tubercle low tuberiform, with apical transverse carina, connected to antennal socket rim, supraantennal furrow lacking. Frons microscopically coriaceous, with fine, dense punctures (PIS ≈ PD), frontal furrow shallow. Posterior margin of collar rounded (Fig. 3 F). Mesoscutum, scutellum and metanotum microscopically coriaceous, with fine, dense punctures (PIS ≤ PD). Dorsal area of propodeum without groove, dorsum of propodeum entirely covered with oblique rugae (Fig. 3 G). Propodeal lateral carina distinct; propodeal side dull, with feeble rugae anteriorly (Fig. 3 L). Metasomal petiole clavate, approximately equal to metasomal terga II – III combined (Fig. 3 J). Measurements: HW: HL = 10: 8.7; F I = 3.0 × AW, F I: F II: F III = 15: 11: 11; IODs = 10: 9.6; OOD: Od: POD = 2: 8: 6; R 1 short, R 1 = TCV × 0.3, CV 1 = CV 2 × 3.7, TCV = CV 2; P: Ma: 2 (Ma): 3 (Ma) = 16: 6: 9: 9. Male (Figs 3 B, D – E, H – I, K, M – Q). Body (Fig. 3 B) length 7.5 – 7.7 mm, similar to female externally, except following: fore tibia and mid tibia yellow brown; clypeus less produced anteriorly (Fig. 3 D); flagellum normal, without tyloids, last flagellomere gradually narrowing from base to apex, slightly curved apically (Fig. 3 E); eye incision more broadly and shallowly than female. Measurements: HW: HL = 10: 8.3; F I = AW × 2.0, F I: F II: F III = 1: 1: 1; F XI = BW × 1.6, F X ＜ F XI ＜ F IX – X; IODs = 10: 8.8, OOD: Od: POD = 2: 6: 7; R 1 = TCV × 0.3, CV 1 = CV 2 × 3.1, TCV = CV 2; P: Ma: 2 (Ma): 3 (Ma) = 34: 15: 21: 19; sternum VIII (Fig. 3 N); genitalia (Figs 3 O – Q). Figure 3. Trypoxylon chosenense Tsuneki, 1956, female (A, C, F – G, J, L) and male (B, D – E, H – I, K, M – Q). A – B. Habitus, lateral view; C – D. Head, frontal view; E. Male antenna, lateral view; F, H. Pronotal collar and mesoscutum, dorsal view; G, I. Propodeum, dorsal view; J – K. Metasomal terga I – III, dorsal view; L – M. Mesosoma, lateral view; N. Male sternum VIII; O – Q. Male genitalia, ventral, dorsal and lateral view. Scale bar = 0.5 mm. Figure 4. Trypoxylon konosuense Tsuneki, 1968, female (A, C, F – G, J, L) and male (B, D – E, H – I, K, M – Q). A – B. Habitus, lateral view; C – D. Head, frontal view; E. Male antenna, lateral view; F, H. Pronotal collar and mesoscutum, dorsal view; G, I. Propodeum, dorsal view; J – K. Metasomal terga I – III, dorsal view; L – M. Mesosoma, lateral view; N. Male sternum VIII; O – Q. Male genitalia, ventral, dorsal and lateral view. Scale bar = 0.5 mm. Material examined. 4 ♀ 2 ♂, China, Gansu Province, Lanzhou City, Gansu Agricultural University, 36 ° 05 ' 26 " N, 103 ° 42 ' 02 " E, 1528 m, Ⅰ Ⅴ – Ⅴ. 2014, Gansu Agricultural University (GSAU), yellow pan trap; 2 ♀, China, Hunan Province, Leiyang City, Nanjing Town, Jiangli Village, 26 ° 21 ' 27 " N, 112 ° 43 ' 21 " E, 108 m, Ⅴ ⅠⅠⅠ. 2014, coll. Jingxian Liu (ZJU), yellow pan trap. Distribution. China (Gansu, Hunan), Japan, South Korea. Remarks. The species is recorded in China for the first time.	en	Fu, Yan, Li, Qiang, Ma, Li (2024): Two new species of Trypoxylon Latreille, 1796 from China (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae). Zoological Systematics 49 (4): 309-319, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024404, URL: http://zoobank.org/991f2456-ff22-4f2b-aa09-c55f6f7a4de1
0392A01589716122D6EC56A112A5F984.taxon	description	Description. Female. Body length 8.5 – 12.0 mm. Anterior margin of pronotal collar dark brown. Body covered with short and silvery setae. Mandible simple. Free margin of clypeus with large and broad inverted trapezoidal protrusion (Fig. 4 C). Supraclypeal area broad and short; supraantennal tubercle low tuberiform, with apical transverse carina, connected to antennal socket rim; supraantennal furrow lacking. Frons microscopically coriaceous, with fine, dense punctures (PIS ≈ PD), frontal furrow shallow. Posterior margin of collar rounded (Fig. 4 F). Mesoscutum, scutellum and metanotum microscopically coriaceous, with fine, dense punctures (PIS ≤ PD). Dorsal area of propodeum enclosed without groove, with broad and shallow mid furrow, basally with oblique rugae, remainder with strong transverse rugae throughout dorsal area (Fig. 4 G). Propodeal lateral carina distinct; propodeal side dull, with dense and longitudinal striations (Fig. 4 L). Metasomal petiole slightly flask-shaped, longer than metasomal terga II – III combined (Fig. 4 J). Measurements: HW: HL = 10: 8.3; F I = 3.1 × AW, F I: F II: F III = 11: 9: 9; IODs = 10: 10; OOD: Od: POD = 5: 9: 9; R 1 short, R 1 = TCV × 0.3, CV 1 = CV 2 × 3.3, TCV = CV 2; P: Ma: 2 (Ma): 3 (Ma) = 32: 7: 14: 14. Male (Figs 4 B, D – E, H – I, K, M – Q). Body length 8.0 – 11.0 mm, similar to female externally, except following characters: clypeus less produced anteriorly (Fig. 4 D); flagellum normal, without tyloids, last flagellomere gradually narrowing from base to apex, strongly curved apically (Fig. 4 E); eye incision more broadly and shallowly than female. Measurements: HW: HL = 10: 8.0; F I = AW × 2.5, F I: F II: F III = 15: 13: 13; F XI = BW × 2.2, F XI = F VIII – X; IODs = 10: 10, OOD: Od: POD = 7: 6: 9; R 1 = TCV × 0.3, CV 1 = CV 2 × 3.3, TCV = CV 2; P: Ma: 2 (Ma): 3 (Ma) = 50: 12: 23: 23; sternum VIII (Fig. 4 N); genitalia (Figs 4 O – Q). Material examined. 9 ♀ 11 ♂, China, Zhejiang Province, Ningbo City, Hangzhou Bay National Wetland Park, 30 ° 18 ′ 57 ″ N, 121 ° 9 ′ 14 ″ E, 4 m, 19. Ⅰ Ⅴ. 2011 (5 ♀), 3. Ⅹ Ⅰ. 2010 (1 ♀), 8. Ⅹ. 2010 (3 ♀), 19. Ⅰ Ⅴ. 2011 (3 ♂), 5. Ⅴ ⅠⅠ. 2010 (2 ♂), 5. Ⅹ Ⅰ. 2010 (6 ♂), coll. Yiping Wang (ZAFU). Distribution. China (Zhejiang), Japan, Russia. Remarks. The species is recorded in China for the first time. Funding This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32270485, 32360130) and the Agricultural Basic Research joint project of Yunnan Province (202101 BD 070001 - 004). Acknowledgments We would like to express our gratitude to the editor and anonymous reviewer for their valuable input in enhancing this manuscript. We are also grateful to Wojciech J. Pulawski (California Academy of Sciences, California) for providing us with many references. We additionally acknowledge the assistance in specimens collection provided by Prof. Junhua He and Xuexin Chen (Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China), Prof. Yiping Wang (Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China) and Gansu Agricultural University.	en	Fu, Yan, Li, Qiang, Ma, Li (2024): Two new species of Trypoxylon Latreille, 1796 from China (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae). Zoological Systematics 49 (4): 309-319, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2024404, URL: http://zoobank.org/991f2456-ff22-4f2b-aa09-c55f6f7a4de1
