taxonID	type	description	language	source
039BEF0FE00FF061310C2F4EBFB0FBFE.taxon	materials_examined	T YPE. PANAMA. Darién: Reserva Natural Privada Cerro ChucantÍ, sendero de los helicopteros, a la orilla del camino, 08 ° 47 ′ 45 ″ N, 078 ° 27 ′ 47 ″ W, 1300 m, 3 Dec 2016 (flr), M. Vargas, Z. Mijango & I. Arcía 187 (HOLOTYPE: PMA!).	en	Daniel, Thomas F., Vargas P., Marjorie G. (2024): Justicia Darienensis (Acanthaceae: Justicieae: Justiciinae), A New Species Endemic To A Tropical Sky Island In Panama. Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 18 (1): 79-86, DOI: 10.17348/jbrit.v18.i1.1339, URL: https://doi.org/10.17348/jbrit.v18.i1.1339
039BEF0FE00FF061310C2F4EBFB0FBFE.taxon	description	Justicia darienensis is superficially similar to J. costaricana Leonard, but differs from that species by its complex inflorescence structure (vs. simple spikes), longer (15 – 18 vs. 10 – 14 mm) corollas, apically rounded to truncate (vs. apiculate) fertile bract apices, stationary (vs. laterally diverging) stamens at maturity, glabrous anther thecae (vs. dorsally pubescent upper anther thecae), and 4 - aperturate (vs. 2 - aperturate) pollen. Terrestrial herbs to ca. 1 m tall. Young stems quadrate to quadrate-sulcate, glabrous. Leaves petiolate, petioles to 37 mm long, pubescent (especially adaxially) with flexuose to antrorse eglandular trichomes, blades ovate to ovate elliptic, 80 – 125 mm long, 35 – 68 mm wide, length: width = 1.8 – 2.3, ± rounded to cuneate at base, acute at apex, adaxial surface pubescent (mostly along midvein) with antrorse eglandular trichomes, abaxial surface very sparsely pubescent along major veins with similar trichomes, superficial cystoliths prominent. Inflorescences of terminal modified panicles or panicle-like thyrses consisting of modified spicate branches (= dichasia?, see discussion below) from axils of distal leaves and / or bracts (?; caducous and not seen) to 65 mm long and 27 mm in diameter (measured flat), rachis pubescent with coarse, mostly antrorse to antrorsely appressed eglandular trichomes to 0.5 mm long; axillary spicate branches (= modified dichasia?) opposite along rachis, sessile to pedunculate (?), multi-flowered, expanded at only one node per flower, branches (= secondary peduncles?) pubescent like rachis. Bracts at branch (= dichasial?) nodes heteromorphic, narrowed proximally into a stalklike base, fertile bracts obovate to spatulate to obdeltate, 8 – 12 mm long, 2 – 4 mm wide, rounded to truncate at apex, abaxial surface pubescent with sparse eglandular trichomes 0.1 – 0.2 mm long and also with mostly subsessile glandular trichomes less than 0.1 mm long, margin ciliate with erect to flexuose eglandular trichomes to 0.8 mm long and also with stipitate glandular trichomes to 0.2 mm long, sterile bracts narrowly oblanceolate to narrowly spatulate, 3.5 – 5 mm long, 0.2 – 0.5 mm wide, pubescent like fertile bracts or lacking glandular trichomes. Bracteoles subtending flowers narrowly spatulate and often asymmetric, 9 – 9.5 mm long, 1 – 1.4 mm wide, pubescent like subtending bracts. Calyces deeply and subequally 5 - lobed, 5 – 6 mm long, lobes lanceolate, 4 – 5 mm long, 0.5 – 0.8 mm wide, abaxially pubescent with flexuose to antrorse eglandular trichomes 0.1 – 0.3 mm long, margin whitish-green, ciliate with flexuose eglandular trichomes to 0.5 mm long. Corollas white with purple discolorations in a herringbone pattern internally on lower lip and with greenish tinge internally on upper lip, 15 – 18 mm long, externally pubescent with flexuose to retrorse eglandular trichomes 0.2 – 0.5 mm long, tube 9.5 – 12.5 mm long, 1.8 – 2.5 mm in diameter (measured flat) at base, 2.5 – 3 mm in diameter (measured flat) at mouth, expanded distally into an obconic throat, narrow proximal portion 6 – 8 mm long, throat 3 – 6 mm long, upper lip erect, 3 – 4.5 mm long, shallowly 2 - lobed at apex, lower lip spreading at 90 ° to upper lip, 3 - lobed, 4.5 – 6 mm long, lobes obovate, 4 – 5 mm long, 1.7 – 2 mm wide. Stamens inserted near base of throat, 4 – 7 mm long, filaments glabrous, thecae unequally inserted (overlapping by 0.6 – 0.7 mm), subparallel to slightly offset, 1.3 – 1.5 mm long, glabrous, lower theca with a thick basal appendage 0.2 mm long. Pollen euprolate, 4 - colporate, 8 - pseudocolpate, polar diameter (P) 38 – 46 µm, equatorial diameter (E) 24 – 28 µm, P: E = 1.4 – 1.8, interapertural exine bireticulate. Styles 13.5 – 15 mm long, glabrous, stigmas ca. 0.1 mm long, lobes not evident. Capsules 10.5 mm long, pubescent with eglandular trichomes. Seeds 4, discoid, 2 – 3 mm long, 2 – 2.6 mm wide, surfaces smooth.	en	Daniel, Thomas F., Vargas P., Marjorie G. (2024): Justicia Darienensis (Acanthaceae: Justicieae: Justiciinae), A New Species Endemic To A Tropical Sky Island In Panama. Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 18 (1): 79-86, DOI: 10.17348/jbrit.v18.i1.1339, URL: https://doi.org/10.17348/jbrit.v18.i1.1339
039BEF0FE00FF061310C2F4EBFB0FBFE.taxon	biology_ecology	Phenology. — Flowering: December – January; fruiting: January.	en	Daniel, Thomas F., Vargas P., Marjorie G. (2024): Justicia Darienensis (Acanthaceae: Justicieae: Justiciinae), A New Species Endemic To A Tropical Sky Island In Panama. Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 18 (1): 79-86, DOI: 10.17348/jbrit.v18.i1.1339, URL: https://doi.org/10.17348/jbrit.v18.i1.1339
039BEF0FE00FF061310C2F4EBFB0FBFE.taxon	materials_examined	PARATYPE. — PANAMA. Darién: Reserva Natural Privada Cerro ChucantÍ, área cercana al Campamento del Filo, 08 ° 48 ′ 16 ″ N, 078 ° 27 ′ 34 ″ W, 28 Jan 2023 (flr, frt), L. Guillén, J. Guerra, M. Lino & G. Fatacioli 801 (PMA).	en	Daniel, Thomas F., Vargas P., Marjorie G. (2024): Justicia Darienensis (Acanthaceae: Justicieae: Justiciinae), A New Species Endemic To A Tropical Sky Island In Panama. Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 18 (1): 79-86, DOI: 10.17348/jbrit.v18.i1.1339, URL: https://doi.org/10.17348/jbrit.v18.i1.1339
