taxonID	type	description	language	source
03A687875115FFDF34B6255650A3FC11.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: (♀) [red] Type; Barichneumon albignator ♀; 2400 m J. - F. AUBERT 9.7.1970 (A. M.) Col de la Lonarde; Holotype Barichneumon albignator AUBERT, 1994 a labelled by S. KLOPFSTEIN (Lausanne), type studied. syn. Barichneumon albignator africator AUBERT, 1994 Holotype: (♀) [red] Type; Barichneumon albignator ♀; J. F. AUBERT 12 - 3 - 1947 Maroc Marrakesh; Holotype Barichneumon albignator africator AUBERT, 1994 a labelled by S. KLOPFSTEIN (Lausanne), type studied. D e s c r i p t i o n: ♀. Body length 11 mm. Flagellum with 45 segments, almost filiform and slightly narrowed apically; 1 st flagellar segment 2.5 × as long as wide; all segments longer than wide. Temple strongly narrowed behind eye. OED 1.0 × ocellar diameter. Frons transversely rugulose-punctate; gena with longitudinal rugosity. MI 1.2. Genal carina reaching hypostomal carina far away from mandibular base. Hypostomal carina not elevated. Mesoscutum coarsely punctate, shining; mesopleuron and metapleuron with longitudinal rugose punctures. Epicnemial carina moderately elevated behind fore coxa, about as wide as distal segment of maxillary palp. Scutellum slightly convex, about as long as wide, with lateral carina in basal 0.8 and very sparse punctures. Area basalis with strong central tubercle. Area superomedia hexagonal, about as long as wide, with strong longitudinal striae; costula distinct, reaching its middle (fig. 21). Hind coxa punctate, smooth, without scopa. Hind femur 3.9 - 4.2 × as long as wide. External surface of hind tibia with several denticular spines. Areolet pentagonal, frontal distance between 2 rs-m and 3 rs-m 2 × their width. Vein 1 cu-a postfurcal. Postpetiole widened, with distinct latero-median carina, median field with longitudinally striated punctures. Gastrocoelus impressed. Thyridium transverse, 0.5 × as wide as interval between thyridia (fig. 41). 2 nd tergite 1.2 × as wide as long. 2 nd and 3 rd tergites coarsely and densely punctate, with longitudinally striated punctures medially (fig. 41); 4 th and 5 th tergites with very superficial punctures. Ovipositor sheath slightly extending beyond metasomal apex. Color: black. Flagellar segments 10 - 16 dorsally, narrow frontal orbit and apical margin of scutellum ivory or yellow (black in var. africator AUBERT). All coxae, trochanters and trochantelli black; legs otherwise red; hind tibia infuscate in apical 0.2; hind tarsus ± blackish. Pterostigma blackish. ♁. Body length 15 mm. Flagellum with 45 segments. Tyloids on flagellar segments 6 - 18, long-oval, maximally 0.8 × as long as their segments. Occiput with transverse rugae. Temple slightly and roundly narrowed behind eye. OED 1.4 × and OOD 1.1 × ocellar diameter. Frons with transverse rugose punctation. Gena wide, in profile 1.3 × as wide as eye, with dense punctures. Clypeus partly with sparse punctures, flat, with sharp straight apical margin. Lower mandibular tooth turned inwards by 45 °. MI 0.8. Notaulus distinct in frontal 0.4 of mesoscutum. Mesoscutum, mesopleuron and metapleuron with coarse dense punctures, mesopleuron partly rugose, speculum smooth. Juxtacoxal carina present. Scutellum moderately elevated, about as long as wide, with dense punctures, without lateral carina. Area superomedia horseshoe-shaped, slightly longer than wide; costula reaching its middle. Fore metatarsus without apical tooth. Hind femur 4.0 × as long as wide; hind tibia with several denticular spines externally. Areolet pentagonal, frontal distance between veins 2 rs-m and 3 rs-m 2 × their width; vein 2 m-cu reaching its middle. Vein 1 cu-a postfurcal by 1 × its width. Postpetiole with distinct latero-median carina; lateral field of postpetiole as wide as median field, the latter with longitudinal striated punctures. Gastrocoelus almost triangularly impressed, with strong ridges. Thyridium oblique, 0.7 × as wide as interval between punctures. 2 nd tergite about as long as wide. 2 nd to 4 th tergites with rugose punctation, 2 nd tergite with some longitudinal rugae medially, dull. Color: black. Narrow stripe on frontal orbit yellowish. Coxae and trochanters black; hind trochantellus, femora, tibiae and tarsi red; hind tibia darkened on apical 0.2, hind tarsus blackish. Pterostigma ochreous. Taxonomical remark: Due to the limited material, the correlation of both sexes is questionable and should be confirmed by additional specimens and genomic studies. The studied ♁ (label: Holotypus Ichneumon monostagon var. inornata KRB. 1894 ♁ HILPERT 1990 (ZSM), according to HORSTMANN (1997) name not available) differs from V. monostagon (GRAVENHORST) by: fore metatarsus without apical tooth, malar space wider, ivory color of face largely reduced, and pterostigma ochreous, not black. S t u d i e d m a t e r i a l: from Hungary * (ZSM), Morocco and Switzerland.	en	Riedel, Matthias (2024): The genus Virgichneumon HEINRICH in the West Palaearctic region (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae). Linzer biologische Beiträge 56 (1): 149-199, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14682094
03A687875114FFD034B6234D506AFCFB.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: (♀) (Wroclaw), studied and comb. nov. by RASNITSYN (1981). D e s c r i p t i o n: ♀. Body length 12 - 14 mm. Flagellum with 43 segments, slightly lanceolate; 1 st flagellar segment 1.6 - 1.7 × as long as wide; 8 th segment square, widest segments 1.6 × as wide as long. Temple moderately and roundly narrowed behind eye. OED 1.5 × and OOD 1.2 × ocellar diameter. Frons finely rugose-punctate. Clypeus with rather dense punctures. Gena with striated and ventrally sparse punctures. MI 0.8. Epicnemial carina low behind fore coxa. Scutellum about as long as wide, without lateral carina, with sparse punctures. Area superomedia heart-shaped or hexagonal, slightly transverse or longer than wide; costula reaching at or posterior to its middle (fig. 22). Hind coxa densely punctate, without scopa. Hind femur densely punctate, 4.1 × as long as wide. External surface of hind tibia with few (3 - 4) denticular spines. Areolet pentagonal, frontal distance between 2 rs-m and 3 rs-m 3 × their width; vein 2 m-cu distad its middle; vein 1 cu-a postfurcal by 1 - 2 × its width. Postpetiole without latero-median carina; median field slightly elevated, coarsely punctate. Gastrocoelus rectangularly impressed, with ridges. Thyridium 0.5 × as wide as interval between thyridia (fig. 42). 2 nd tergite 1.4 × as wide as long. 2 nd and 3 rd tergites with rather fine dense punctures, 2 nd tergite slightly rugose medially (fig. 42). Ovipositor sheath not or slightly extended beyond metasomal apex. Color: black. Setae of mesosoma brownish. Flagellar segments 8 - 13 dorsally, large and wide spot of frontal orbit opposite to lateral ocellus (fig. 76), scutellum and dorsal spots on 6 th and 7 th tergites ivory. 2 nd tergite sometimes with narrow red apical margin. Legs blackish. Pterostigma reddish-brown. ♁. Body length 14 - 16 mm. Flagellum with 43 - 44 segments. Tyloids on flagellar segments 6 - 16, oval, maximally almost as long as their segments. Temple moderately and roundly narrowed behind eye, occiput ± concave. OED 1.1 × and OOD 1.2 × ocellar diameter. MI 0.4. Clypeus with sparse punctures. Area basalis with strong central tubercle. Area superomedia hexagonal, slightly wider than long; costula reaching at its middle. Fore metatarsus with strong apical tooth. Hind femur 3.7 - 4.0 × as long as wide. 2 nd tergite 1.1 × as wide as long. Color: black. Often sides of clypeus, wide facial orbit, frontal orbit (widened dorsally opposite to lateral ocellus) (fig. 61), collar and upper margin of pronotum, spot on tegula, subtegular ridge and scutellum ivory. Postpetiole often with narrow ivory hind margin. Legs black; fore femur reddish frontally; fore and mid femora apically and fore and mid tibiae frontally ivory, fore and mid tarsi with ± extended ivory stripes; hind tibia with subbasal ivory stripe. Pterostigma blackish. S t u d i e d m a t e r i a l: from Germany, Georgia, Iran, Italy, Sweden.	en	Riedel, Matthias (2024): The genus Virgichneumon HEINRICH in the West Palaearctic region (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae). Linzer biologische Beiträge 56 (1): 149-199, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14682094
03A68787511BFFD134B62414509BFCBA.taxon	description	D e s c r i p t i o n: ♀. Body length 7.5 - 10.5 mm. Flagellum with 35 - 39 segments, slightly lanceolate; 1 st flagellar segment 1.5 × as long as wide; 5 th segment square; widest segments 1.1 - 1.3 × as wide as long. Temple slightly to moderately and roundly narrowed behind eye (fig. 1). OED 1.6 - 1.9 × and OOD 2.0 - 2.2 × ocellar diameter. Clypeus with sparse punctures. Gena wide, 1.2 - 1.3 × as wide as eye, with very sparse punctures ventrally (fig. 80). Epicnemial carina low behind fore coxa. Scutellum wider than long, without or with lateral carina in the basal 0.2. Area superomedia heart-shaped, slightly longer than wide or wider than long; usually posterior to its middle with costula (fig. 23). Hind coxa densely punctate, with large scopa. Hind femur densely punctate, 3.1 - 3.3 × as long as wide. External surface of hind tibia with few (2 - 4) denticular spines. Areolet pentagonal, frontal distance between veins 2 rs-m and 3 rs-m 2 × their width; vein 2 m-cu distad its middle. Vein 1 cu-a postfurcal. Postpetiole with distinct latero-median carina; median field elevated, densely punctate and ± rugose. Gastrocoelus almost triangular. Thyridium slightly oblique, 0.4 - 0.5 × as wide as interval between thyridia (fig. 43). 2 nd tergite 1.4 × as wide as long. 2 nd and 3 rd tergites densely punctate, strongly shining; 2 nd tergite slightly rugose basally (fig. 43). Ovipositor sheath slightly extending beyond metasomal apex. Color: black. Setae of mesoscutum brownish. Scopa whitish. Flagellar segments 8 - 14 dorsally, small spot on frontal orbit opposite of ocelli, scutellum and large dorsal spot of 7 th tergite ivory. Coxae and trochanters black; legs otherwise red; hind tibia infuscate in apical 0.1 - 0.2; hind tarsus blackish. Pterostigma ochreous. ♁. Body length 9.0 - 11.0 mm. Flagellum with 35 - 41 segments, bristle-shaped, distal segments slightly nodose; 1 st flagellar segment 2.3 × as long as wide. Tyloids on flagellar segments 5 / 7 - 16 / 18, linear to long-oval, as long as their segments. Temple slightly and roundly narrowed behind eye. OED 1.5 - 1.7 × and OOD 1.6 - 2.1 × ocellar diameter. Clypeus with sparse punctures. MI 0.5. Fore metatarsus without or with weak blunt apical tooth. Hind femur 3.5 - 4.0 × as long as wide. 2 nd tergite 1.1 × as wide as long. 2 nd to 4 th tergites with dense coarse punctures and fine granulation. Color: black. Palps and mandible except teeth reddish, rarely brownish. Side of clypeus usually, wide facial orbit, narrow frontal orbit (fig. 62) and scutellum ivory; sometimes also spot of collar, spot of tegula and median mark of 7 th tergite ivory. Coxae and trochanters black; legs otherwise reddish; hind tibia in apical 0.1 - 0.2 and hind tarsus completely black. Pterostigma ochreous. T a x o n o m i c a l r e m a r k s: The ♁♁ are separated in two groups: with ivory scutellum and 7 th tergite, but with black clypeus, frontal orbit, tegula and subtegular ridge OR with black 7 th tergite and sometimes scutellum, but with ivory clypeus and frontal orbit and at least ivory spots on tegula and subtegular ridge. The systematic position of these groups is unclear yet, and genomic studies should be helpful to solve the taxonomic relation of these groups in the future. New host record: Euclidia glyphica (LINNAEUS, 1758) (Lep. Erebidae) (ZSM). S t u d i e d m a t e r i a l: from Austria, France, Georgia, Germany, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kirghizstan * (Linz), Norway, Russia, Slovakia * (Linz), Sweden, Turkey.	en	Riedel, Matthias (2024): The genus Virgichneumon HEINRICH in the West Palaearctic region (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae). Linzer biologische Beiträge 56 (1): 149-199, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14682094
03A68787511AFFD234B624D65292FA35.taxon	description	syn. nov. Barichneumon monostagon nigranator AUBERT, 1994 Paratypes: (2 ♀♀) Graun, 820 m, Italy, Tirol (Kaatatsch) 22 - 23. VIII. 1973 (ZSM), paratypes studied. D e s c r i p t i o n: ♀. Body length 10.0 - 13.0 mm. Flagellum with 47 - 48 segments, moderately lanceolate; 1 st flagellar segment 1.5 - 1.9 × as long as wide; 7 th segment square, widest segments 1.5 - 1.8 × as wide as long, preapical segments wider than long, tip of flagellum blunt (fig. 77). Temple moderately and roundly narrowed behind eye (fig. 2). OED 1.1 - 1.6 × and OOD 1.5 × ocellar diameter. Frons coarsely rugose-punctate. Clypeus with partly sparse punctures. Gena 0.9 - 1.3 × as wide as eye, with coarse striated punctures dorsally and sparse punctures ventrally (fig. 81). MI 0.9 - 1.0. Hypostomal carina moderately elevated. Mesoscutum coarsely rugose-punctate. Notaulus impressed in frontal 1 / 5 - 1 / 6 of mesoscutum. Mesopleuron and metapleuron coarsely striate-punctate, speculum punctate. Epicnemial carina low behind fore coxa. Scutellum about as long as wide or slightly wider than long, with sparse punctures and lateral carina in basal 0.2 - 0.5. Area basalis with strong median tubercle. Area superomedia heart-shaped or hexagonal, about as long as wide or slightly longer, at or posterior to its middle with costula (fig. 24). Area petiolaris slightly impressed, rugosely punctate, with lateral carina. Hind coxa densely punctate, but with partly sparse punctures apico-ventrally (fig. 94), without scopa. Hind femur densely punctate, 3.3 - 3.7 × as long as wide. External surface of hind tibia with several (4 - 8) denticular spines. Areolet pentagonal, frontal distance between veins 2 rs-m and 3 rs-m 2 - 3 × their width, vein 2 m-cu distad its middle; vein 1 cu-a postfurcal by 1 - 2 × its width. Postpetiole with latero-median carina; median field elevated, coarsely striate- or rugose-punctate. Gastrocoelus impressed, with ridges. Thyridium slightly oblique, 0.5 × as wide as interval between thyridia (fig. 44). 2 nd tergite 1.2 - 1.3 × as wide as long. 2 nd and 3 rd tergites coarsely rugose-punctate, ± dull (fig. 44). 4 th tergite with dense superficial punctures, ± shining. Ovipositor sheath extending beyond metasomal apex by 0.5 - 1.0 × length of 7 th tergite. Color: black. Setae of mesoscutum brownish. Flagellar segments 9 / 10 - 14 / 16 dorsally, spot on frontal orbit opposite to lateral ocellus and scutellum completely or apically ivory. Metasoma black; 2 nd tergite sometimes with narrow red apical margin; 7 th tergite sometimes with small ivory dorsal spot. Legs blackish or femora, tibiae and tarsi ± brownish or red; if hind tibia red, then infuscate in apical 0.3 and hind tarsus entirely black. Wings hyaline; pterostigma reddish-brown to brown. ♁. Body length 13 mm. Flagellum with 42 segments. Tyloids on flagellar segments 7 - 19, long oval, ca. 0.7 × as long as their segments. OED 1.2 × ocellar diameter. Frons fine rugose-punctate. Face punctate. Clypeus densely punctate. Gena with dense punctures ventrally. MI 0.7. Hypostomal carina not elevated, reaching genal carina far from mandibular base. Notaulus impressed on frontal 1 / 6 of mesoscutum. Mesoscutum with fine dense punctures. Mesopleuron and metapleuron coarsely and densely punctate, partly striate. Scutellum moderately elevated, slightly wider than long, without lateral carina and with sparse punctures. Area basalis with strong median tubercle. Area superomedia hexagonal, about as long as wide; costula weak, reaching shortly anterior of its middle. Area petiolaris with transverse rugae and lateral carina. Hind femur 4.3 × as long as wide. Fore metatarsus without apical tooth. External surface of hind tibia with multiple denticular spines. Areolet pentagonal, frontal distance between veins 2 rs-m and 3 rs-m 3 × their width, vein 2 m-cu reaching distad its middle. Vein 1 cu-a postfurcal by 1 × its width. Postpetiole punctate, without distinct latero-median carina; median field moderately elevated. Gastrocoelus impressed, with fine ridges. Thyridium almost transverse, 0.4 × as wide as the interval. 2 nd to 4 th tergites densely and finely rugose-punctate; 2 nd tergite with some longitudinal rugae medially. Color: black. Setae of mesoscutum brownish. Palps, side of clypeus, wide facial and narrow frontal orbits, ventral spot of scape, collar and hind edge of pronotum, apical 2 / 3 of scutellum and frontal spots on fore and mid coxae ivory. Fore and mid femora apically and fore and mid tibiae and tarsi frontally yellowish. Hind tarsus black dorsally, brownish ventrally. Wings hyaline, pterostigma ochreous. New host records: Spilosoma lubricipeda (LINNAEUS, 1758) (Lep. Erebidae) (ZSM), Diaphora sordida (HÜBNER, 1803) (Lep. Erebidae) (ZSM). S t u d i e d m a t e r i a l: from Andorra * (ZSM), Austria * (ZSM), France, Germany * (ZSM), Italy * (ZSM).	en	Riedel, Matthias (2024): The genus Virgichneumon HEINRICH in the West Palaearctic region (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae). Linzer biologische Beiträge 56 (1): 149-199, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14682094
03A687875118FFD434B4279E51CDFD91.taxon	description	D e s c r i p t i o n: ♀. Body length 7 - 8 mm. Flagellum with 29 - 33 segments, slightly lanceolate; 1 st flagellar segment 2.1 - 2.2 × as long as wide; 6 th or 7 th segment square; widest segments 1.3 × as wide as long. Temple strongly and roundly or almost linearly narrowed behind eye (fig. 3). OED 1.2 - 1.5 × and OOD 2.0 - 2.1 × ocellar diameter. Clypeus with sparse punctures. Gena almost parallel to compound eye, 0.8 × as wide as eye, with rather dense punctures (fig. 82). MI 1.2. Notaulus slightly impressed frontally; mesoscutum with dense punctures, shining. Mesopleuron and metapleuron with coarse punctures; juxtacoxal carina present. Scutellum wider than long, with lateral carina in basal 0.1 - 0.4. Area superomedia heart-shaped, slightly longer than wide; at its middle with costula (fig. 25). Hind coxa densely punctate, without scopa. Hind femur stout, 2.8 - 3.1 × as long as wide. External surface of hind tibia with multiple (6 - 10) denticular spines (fig. 99). Areolet pentagonal, frontal distance between veins 2 rs-m and 3 rs-m 3 - 4 × their width, vein 2 m-cu reaching distad its middle. Vein 1 cu-a postfurcal by 1 - 2 × its width. Postpetiole without latero-median carina; median field slightly elevated, not clearly separated, densely punctate. Gastrocoelus rectangular, with ridges, often ± confluent medially. Thyridium 0.4 - 0.7 × as wide as interval between thyridia (fig. 45). 2 nd tergite 1.3 - 1.4 × as wide as long; 2 nd and 3 rd tergites densely punctate, smooth and shining between punctures. Ovipositor sheath slightly extending beyond metasomal apex. Color: black. Setae of mesoscutum brownish. Palps, apical clypeus, scape, pedicel and basal flagellar segments sometimes ± reddish. Flagellar segments 7 - 11 / 12 dorsally, often spot on facial orbit opposite to antennal groove, stripe on frontal orbit opposite to lateral ocellus, collar and often hind edge of pronotum, subtegular ridge, scutellum, and wide apical spots on 6 th and 7 th tergites, sometimes also on 5 th tergite ivory. Postpetiole, 2 nd and 3 rd tergites red; 4 th tergite reddish baso-laterally. Coxae and trochanters black; legs otherwise red or all femora ± black, hind femur and hind tibia infuscate apically; hind tarsus blackish. Pterostigma brownish, often paler basally. ♁. Body length 8 - 10 mm. Flagellum with 30 - 35 segments, filiform. Tyloids on flagellar segments 4 / 5 - 15, oval to long-oval, maximally 0.8 × as long as their segments. OED 1.1 - 1.5 × and OOD 1.5 × ocellar diameter. Frons and face with moderately fine punctures, shining; clypeus partly smooth. Gena with partly sparse punctures ventrally. Hypostomal carina low, reaching genal carina far from mandibular base. MI 0.5. Mesoscutum and mesopleuron coarsely and densely punctate and shining, punctures of metapleuron sparser. Scutellum moderately elevated, about as long as wide, with lateral carina in basal 0.5. Area superomedia hexagonal, about as long as wide; costula reaching at its middle. Hind femur 3.1 - 3.5 × as long as wide. Fore metatarsus without apical tooth. External surface of hind tibia with multiple denticular spines. Areolet pentagonal, frontal distance between veins 2 rs-m and 3 rs-m 3 - 4 × their width; vein 2 m-cu reaching distad its middle. Postpetiole punctate, usually without latero-median carina (sometimes ± present basally), but median field differentiated. Gastrocoelus slightly impressed. Thyridium oblique, 0.5 - 0.7 × as wide as interval between thyridia. 2 nd to 4 th tergites with coarse punctures, punctures of 4 th tergite sometimes superficial. Color: black. Setae of mesoscutum grey. Flagellum yellowish or reddish ventrally (1 ♁ from Mongolia with flagellum entirely reddish-yellow). Palps, mandible except teeth, side of clypeus und inner orbit up to vertex, outer orbit, scape ventrally (fig. 63), collar and hind edge or upper margin of pronotum, subtegular ridge, often tegula, scutellum, sometimes postscutellum, apical bands on 5 th to 7 th tergites (rarely apical spot of 4 th tergite), sometimes spots on fore coxa and trochanter ivory. Postpetiole, 2 nd and 3 rd tergites entirely and usually 4 th tergite basally and / or laterally red. Legs except coxae and trochanters reddish-yellow; fore and mid femora ± darkened basally; hind femur blackish or red with black apex; hind tibia in apical 0.3 and hind tarsus completely blackish. Pterostigma brown. New host record: Plebejus argus (LINNAEUS, 1758) (Lep. Lycaenidae) (coll. Riedel). S t u d i e d m a t e r i a l: from Austria, Bulgaria, France, Germany, Greece * (Linz), Hungary, Iran, Italy, Kazakhstan (Linz), Kirghizstan * (ZSM), Mongolia * (Linz), Norway, Sweden, Turkey, Ukraine, Uzbekistan * (Linz).	en	Riedel, Matthias (2024): The genus Virgichneumon HEINRICH in the West Palaearctic region (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae). Linzer biologische Beiträge 56 (1): 149-199, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14682094
03A68787511FFFD534B625CD5240FDBC.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: (♁) (Wroclaw), studied and comb. nov. by RASNITSYN (1981). D e s c r i p t i o n: ♀. Body length 7.0 - 9.0 mm. Flagellum with 34 - 36 segments, slightly lanceolate; 1 st flagellar segment 1.9 - 2.1 × as long as wide, 5 th or 6 th segments square, widest segments 1.2 × as wide as long. Temple distinctly and almost linearly narrowed behind eye (fig. 4). OED 1.1 - 1.4 × and OOD 1.5 - 1.8 × ocellar diameter. Gena coarsely striate-punctate, with finer sparse punctures ventrally, about as wide as eye (fig. 83). MI 1.0. Hypostomal carina slightly elevated. Epicnemial carina slightly elevated behind fore coxa. Scutellum wider than long, with sparse punctures. Area superomedia heart-shaped, slightly longer than wide; at or slightly posterior to its middle with costula (fig. 26). Hind coxa densely punctate, without scopa. Hind femur densely punctate, 3.4 - 3.6 × as long as wide. External surface of hind tibia with several (5 - 6) denticular spines. Areolet pentagonal, frontal distance between veins 2 rs-m and 3 rs-m 1 - 2 × their width; vein 2 m-cu reaching distad its middle; vein 1 cu-a postfurcal. Postpetiole with latero-median carina; median field elevated, densely punctate and often with some longitudinal rugae. Gastrocoelus impressed, with ridges. Thyridium slightly oblique, 0.5 × as wide as interval between thyridia (fig. 46). 2 nd tergite 1.4 × as wide as long; 2 nd and 3 rd tergites densely punctate, 2 nd tergite ± rugose medially (fig. 46). Ovipositor sheath extending beyond metasomal apex by length of 3 rd hind tarsomere. Color: black. Setae of mesoscutum brownish. Flagellar segments 8 / 10 - 13 / 14 dorsally, narrow frontal orbit, entire scutellum, and dorsal spot of 7 th tergite, sometimes also narrow hind margin of 6 th tergite, ivory. Coxae and trochanters black (sometimes diffusely reddish); legs otherwise red; hind tibia in apical 0.1 - 0.3 and hind tarsus blackish. Wings slightly infuscate, pterostigma black or dark brown. ♁. Body length 8.0 - 10.0 mm. Flagellum with 35 - 38 segments, bristle-shaped, distal segments ± nodose; 1 st flagellar segment 2.6 × as long as wide. Tyloids on flagellar segments 6 / 7 - 15 / 17, oval, maximally 0.7 - 0.8 × as long as their segments (fig. 97). Temple strongly and roundly narrowed behind eye. OED 1.0 - 1.1 × and OOD 1.6 × ocellar diameter. Fore metatarsus with weak apical tooth. Hind femur 3.5 - 3.8 × as long as wide. 2 nd tergite 0.9 - 1.1 × as long as wide. Postpetiole and 2 nd tergite densely punctate, 2 nd tergite sometimes rugose-punctate basally. Color: black. Flagellum black, ± reddish ventrally. Palps, clypeus laterally, inner orbit up to lateral ocellus (fig. 64), collar and upper margin of pronotum ±, spots of tegula and subtegular ridge, and apical 2 / 3 of scutellum ivory or yellowish. Coxae and trochanters black; legs otherwise reddish; hind femur often ± infuscate apically, sometimes entirely black); hind tibia in apical 0.3 - 0.5 and hind tarsus entirely black. Pterostigma brownish. T a x o n o m i c a l r e m a r k s: The ♁♁ with black hind femora are easily confused with the ♁♁ of V. dumeticola (GRAVENHORST). They differ slightly by the form of tyloids (oval and shorter than their flagellar segments, fig. 97) and darker base of hind tibia. S t u d i e d m a t e r i a l: from Germany, Greece: Crete * (Linz), Italy, Russia, Spain, Sweden, Turkey.	en	Riedel, Matthias (2024): The genus Virgichneumon HEINRICH in the West Palaearctic region (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae). Linzer biologische Beiträge 56 (1): 149-199, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14682094
03A68787511EFFD634B625D85240FDDA.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: (♁) (Wroclaw), studied and comb. nov. by RASNITSYN (1981). D e s c r i p t i o n: ♀. Body length 8.5 - 10.0 mm. Flagellum with 34 - 38 segments, slightly lanceolate; 1 st flagellar segment 2.1 - 2.2 × as long as wide; 9 th or 10 th segment square; widest segments 1.2 - 1.3 × as wide as long. Temple slightly to moderately and roundly narrowed behind eye (fig. 5). OED 1.0 - 1.2 × and OOD 1.5 - 1.6 × ocellar diameter. Gena 1.0 - 1.1 × as wide as eye, with dense punctures ventrally. MI 0.9 - 1.1. Hypostomal carina low or slightly elevated. Mesopleuron including speculum densely rugose-punctate, partly striate; metapleuron with very coarse rugose-punctation. Epicnemial carina low behind fore coxa. Scutellum wider than long, with sparse punctures. Area superomedia heart-shaped, about as long as wide; slightly posterior to its middle with costula (fig. 27). Hind coxa with dense punctures and rather dense setae, without or with weak scopa. Hind femur 3.9 - 4.1 × as long as wide, densely punctate. External surface of hind tibia without or with few (1 - 2) denticular spines. Areolet pentagonal, frontal distance between veins 2 rs-m and 3 rs-m 1 - 2 × their width; vein 2 m-cu reaching distad its middle. Vein 1 cu-a postfurcal by 1 - 2 × its width. Postpetiole with median field of postpetiole elevated, densely punctate; latero-median carina indistinct. Gastrocoelus impressed, with some ridges. Thyridium transverse, 0.4 - 0.5 × as wide as interval between thyridia (fig. 47). 2 nd tergite 1.3 × as wide as long. 2 nd and 3 rd tergites with fine and very dense rugose-punctation, ± dull; following tergites shining. Ovipositor sheath reaching beyond metasomal apex by length of 7 th tergite. Color: black. Setae of mesoscutum brownish. Flagellar segments 7 / 8 - 14 / 15 dorsally, frontal orbit dorsally, scutellum, wide apical stripe of 6 th tergite and 7 th tergite largely ivory. Side of clypeus sometimes yellowish. 2 nd tergite often with narrow reddish hind margin. Pterostigma blackish. ♁. Body length 9 - 10 mm. Flagellum with 34 - 37 segments. Tyloids short-oval, on flagellar segments 5 / 7 - 14 / 18, maximally as long as their segments (fig. 98). MI 0.6. Fore metatarsus without apical tooth. Hind femur 3.7 - 3.8 × as long as wide. 2 nd tergite 1.1 × as long as wide. Color: black. Clypeus laterally, inner orbit up to lateral ocellus (fig. 65), collar and hind edge or upper margin of pronotum, often spot on tegula, subtegular ridge and apical 2 / 3 of scutellum, sometimes spot on postscutellum and spots on fore and mid coxae ivory. Flagellum often ochreous ventrally. Legs black; fore and mid femora apically and fore and mid tibiae and tarsi mainly yellowish-brown; sometimes hind femur with chestnut-brown suffusion; hind tibia usually with ivory or yellowish basal spot. Pterostigma brown. T a x o n o m i c a l r e m a r k s: For a differentiation of ♁♁ of Virgichneumon dumeticola and V. digrammmus (with black hind femora) see the remarks under V. digrammus. S t u d i e d m a t e r i a l: from Austria, Bulgaria, Georgia, Germany, Italy, Russia, Sweden, Turkey.	en	Riedel, Matthias (2024): The genus Virgichneumon HEINRICH in the West Palaearctic region (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae). Linzer biologische Beiträge 56 (1): 149-199, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14682094
03A68787511DFFD734B62536505DFE62.taxon	description	D e s c r i p t i o n: ♀. Body length 12.0 - 13.0 mm. Flagellum with 36 - 38 segments, slightly lanceolate; 1 st flagellar segment 1.8 - 2.0 × as long as wide; 8 th segment square; widest segments 1.1 × as wide as long. Temple slightly and roundly narrowed behind eye (fig. 6). OED 1.6 - 1.9 × and OOD 2.0 × ocellar diameter. Gena wide, 1.2 × as wide as eye, with rather sparse punctures ventrally (fig. 84). Clypeus with sparse punctures, strongly shining. MI 0.8. Epicnemial carina low behind fore coxa. Scutellum wider than long, with sparse punctures and apical striation, with lateral carina in basal 0.3. Area superomedia heart-shaped, slightly longer than wide; slightly posterior to its middle with costula (fig. 28). Hind coxa with scopa apico-ventrally; if scopa indistinct, then with very fine and dense punctures in this area. Hind femur densely punctate, 3.6 - 3.8 × as long as wide. External surface of hind tibia with few (1 - 3) denticular spines. Areolet pentagonal, frontal distance between veins 2 rs-m and 3 rs-m 2 × their width; vein 2 m-cu reaching distad its middle. Vein 1 cu-a postfurcal by 1 × its width. Postpetiole without latero-median carina; median field slightly elevated, smooth, with sparse punctures. Gastrocoelus triangularly impressed. Thyridium oblique, rather large, 0.8 - 0.9 × as wide as interval between thyridia (fig. 48). 2 nd tergite 1.4 × as wide as long. 2 nd and 3 rd tergites densely punctate, 2 nd tergite with longitudinal rugosity baso-medially (fig. 48). Ovipositor sheath not distinctly reaching beyond metasomal apex. Color: black. Setae of mesoscutum brownish. Flagellar segments 7 - 13 dorsally, triangular dorsal spot of 6 th tergite and longitudinal dorsal spot of 7 th tergite ivory. Palps and mandible except teeth reddish-brown. Frontal orbit narrowly yellowish. Coxae and trochanters black; scopa of hind coxa whitish; legs otherwise red; narrow apices of hind femur and hind tibia infuscate apically; hind tarsus blackish. Pterostigma black. ♁. Body length 13.5 - 15.0 mm. Flagellum with 38 segments; 1 st flagellar segment 2.5 × as long as wide. Tyloids on flagellar segments 4 - 13, long-oval, maximally 0.8 × as long as their segments. MI 0.3 - 0.4. Scutellum moderately elevated, lateral carina in basal 0.4. Fore metatarsus with strong apical tooth. Epicnemial carina slightly elevated behind fore coxa. Hind femur 3.6 - 4.2 × as long as wide. Median field of postpetiole smooth or finely aciculate with sparse coarse punctures. 2 nd tergite 1.1 × as wide as long. Color: black. Flagellum ± reddish ventrally. Flagellar segments 13 - 16 dorsally, clypeus laterally, wide facial orbit and narrow frontal orbit ivory (fig. 66). Mesosoma and metasoma black; 2 nd to 4 th tergites sometimes with narrow apical reddish margins. Coxae and trochanters black; legs otherwise red; hind tibia narrowly darkened at apex; hind tarsus black. Pterostigma dark-brown to blackish. S t u d i e d m a t e r i a l: from Germany, Hungary, Italy, Norway.	en	Riedel, Matthias (2024): The genus Virgichneumon HEINRICH in the West Palaearctic region (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae). Linzer biologische Beiträge 56 (1): 149-199, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14682094
03A68787511CFFC834B626FE53EAFEE1.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: (♁) (Wroclaw), studied and comb. nov. by RASNITSYN (1981). D e s c r i p t i o n: ♀. Body length 8.0 - 9.0 mm. Flagellum with 29 segments, moderately lanceolate; 1 st flagellar segment 2.0 × as long as wide, 8 th or 9 th segment square; widest segments 1.5 × as wide as long, preapical segment wider than long, tip blunt (fig. 79). Temple moderately and roundly narrowed behind eye (fig. 7). OED 1.1 - 1.2 × and OOD 1.3 × ocellar diameter. Frons with fine superficial punctures, granulate. Gena about as wide as eye, with sparse punctures ventrally. MI 1.0 - 1.1. Epicnemial carina low behind fore coxa. Scutellum slightly wider than long, rather coarsely punctate, without lateral carina. Area superomedia heart-shaped, about as long as wide; at its middle with costula (fig. 29). Hind coxa without scopa, densely punctate. Hind femur 3.6 × as long as wide. External surface of hind tibia without or with few (1 - 2) denticular spines. Areolet pentagonal, frontal distance between veins 2 rs-m and 3 rs-m 2 × their width; vein 2 m-cu reaching distad its middle. Vein 1 cu-a postfurcal by 1 × its width. Postpetiole with latero-median carina; median field elevated, punctate and ± aciculate. Gastrocoelus rectangular. Thyridium 0.6 - 0.7 × as wide as interval between thyridia. 2 nd and 3 rd tergites densely punctate; 2 nd tergite distinctly aciculate basally (fig. 49). Ovipositor sheath extending beyond metasomal apex by length of 7 th tergite. Color: black. Setae of mesoscutum grey. Flagellar segments 7 - 12 dorsally, spot on frontal orbit opposite to lateral ocellus, and 6 th and 7 th tergites almost completely ivory. Coxae and trochanters black; legs otherwise red, sometimes hind femur and usually hind tibia ± infuscate apically, hind tarsus blackish. Pterostigma ochreous. ♁. Body length 9.0 - 10.5 mm. Flagellum with 32 - 34 segments; 1 st flagellar segment 2.7 × as long as wide. Tyloids on flagellar segments 5 - 13 / 15, long-oval, black, maximally 0.8 × as long as their segments. OED 1.1 - 1.2 × and OOD 1.2 × ocellar diameter. Fore metatarsus without apical tooth. Scutellum with lateral carina in basal 0.3. Hind femur 3.4 - 3.5 × as long as wide. Median field of postpetiole often ± striate. Posterior margin of hypopygium with a triangular and pointed median extension. Color: black. Flagellum reddish ventrally. Palps, mandible, clypeus and face (fig. 67), scape ventrally, frontal and outer orbits, collar and upper margin of pronotum, spot on tegula, subtegular ridge, two postero-lateral spots on scutellum (sometimes confluent), sometimes small posterolateral spots on postpetiole and 2 nd tergite, wide spots on 6 th and 7 th tergites, spot on paramere, and hind margins of apical sternites ivory. Coxae and trochanters black; legs otherwise red; hind femur and hind tibia apically (or mainly) and hind tarsus entirely infuscate. Pterostigma pale brownish. Taxonomical remark: The ♀ differs from V. krapinensis by wider preapical flagellar segments, blunt flagellar tip, and reduced denticular spines on hind tibia. S t u d i e d m a t e r i a l: from Austria, Czechia, Georgia, Germany, Norway, Russia, Sweden.	en	Riedel, Matthias (2024): The genus Virgichneumon HEINRICH in the West Palaearctic region (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae). Linzer biologische Beiträge 56 (1): 149-199, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14682094
03A687875103FFC934B6267D51E4FB79.taxon	description	D e s c r i p t i o n: ♀. Body length 8.5 - 10.0 mm. Flagellum with 34 - 35 segments, moderately lanceolate; 1 st flagellar segment 1.8 - 1.9 × as long as wide; 4 th segment square, widest segments 1.2 - 1.5 × as wide as long. Temple moderately and roundly narrowed behind eye (fig. 8). OED 1.0 - 1.2 × and OOD 1.1 - 1.4 × ocellar diameter. Frons and face punctate, partly with transverse striation, smooth and shining. Clypeus with sparse punctures. Clypeus 2.2 - 2.5 × as wide as long. Gena with sparse punctures ventrally, 1.0 - 1.2 × as wide as eye (fig. 85). MI 0.6 - 0.7. Hypostomal carina low. Notaulus impressed in frontal 1 / 4 of mesoscutum. Mesoscutum, mesopleuron and metapleuron densely punctate; mesopleuron posteriorly with longitudinal striation. Epicnemial carina low behind fore coxa. Scutellum slightly elevated, as wide as long, without or with lateral carina in basal 0.2 - 0.4. Area superomedia large, about as wide as long or slightly wider, hexagonal or half-moon-shaped; at its middle with costula (fig. 30). Hind coxa with large scopa. Hind femur stout, 3.4 - 3.8 × as long as wide. External surface of hind tibia without or with few (1 - 3) denticular spines. Areolet pentagonal, frontal distance between veins 2 rs-m and 3 rs-m 2 × their width; vein 2 m-cu reaching its middle. Vein 1 cu-a postfurcal by 1 × its width. Postpetiole with ± distinct latero-median carina, lateral field punctate, 0.8 × as wide as median field, median field with coarse longitudinal striato-punctures. Gastrocoelus strongly impressed, with ridges. Thyridium almost transverse, 0.8 × as wide as interval between thyridia. 2 nd tergite 1.3 × as wide as long. 2 nd and 3 rd tergites densely punctate, medially with longitudinal aciculation (fig. 50). Ovipositor sheath slightly extending beyond metasomal apex. Color: black. Setae of mesoscutum grey. Flagellar segments 7 - 13 / 14 dorsally, long narrow stripe on upper frontal orbit up to vertex, sometimes side of clypeus and spot on collar, and large marks on 6 th and 7 th tergites ivory. 2 nd and 3 rd tergites reddish-brown, also postpetiole apically and 4 th tergite, sometimes 5 th tergite laterally. Legs black; fore leg yellowish frontally; hind tibia reddish or reddish-brown in basal 2 / 3. Pterostigma brown. ♁. Body length 11.0 - 12.5 mm. Flagellum with 35 - 37 segments; 1 st flagellar segment 2.0 × as long as wide. Tyloids on flagellar segments 5 / 6 - 11 / 12, long-oval to linear, 0.7 × as long as their segments. Temple roundly narrowed behind eye. OED 0.9 × ocellar diameter. Frons finely transversely rugose-punctate. Face with fine punctures and fine granulation. Clypeus with scattered punctures and fine longitudinal rugae medially (fig. 68). Gena 0.9 × as wide as eye. MI 0.2. Hypostomal carina slightly elevated. Side of pronotum with superficial punctures dorsally and striated ventrally. Lateral field of mesoscutum punctate, smooth between punctures. Mesopleuron punctate; metapleuron with coarse punctures. Scutellum slightly wider than long, punctate, with lateral carina in basal 0.5 - 0.6, with longitudinal rugae apically. Area superomedia rather large, halfmoon-shaped, slightly wider than long; costula reaching posterior to its middle. Fore metatarsus with large apical tooth. Hind coxa densely punctate, with long setae. Mid femur lamella-like widened ventrally and concave ventro-apically. Hind femur with sparse punctures ventrally, 3.4 - 3.6 × as long as wide. Vein 1 cu-a strongly postfurcal; vein M + RS (basal vein) with sharp edge. Postpetiole with distinct latero-median carina. Lateral field 0.8 - 1.2 × as wide as median field, median field with 8 - 12 longitudinal striae. Gastrocoelus distinctly impressed. Thyridium oblique, 1.0 - 1.2 × as wide as interval. 2 nd tergite 0.9 - 1.1 × as long as wide. 2 nd to 5 th tergites with rather superficial punctures, finely rugose laterally, 2 nd and 3 rd tergites with longitudinal rugae medially. Color: black. Setae of mesoscutum grey. Flagellum reddish ventrally. Base of mandible, palps, side of clypeus, facial orbit, frontal orbit up to vertex (fig. 68), outer orbit, usually spot on scape ventrally, collar and hind edge of pronotum, usually spot on subtegular ridge, sometimes frontal spot of fore coxa, often lateral spots on scutellum (sometimes confluent medially) yellowish. Legs black or brownish; fore femur apically and fore tibia frontally yellowish; hind tibia usually dark brown, black apically. Hind tarsus black. Pterostigma brown to black. T a x o n o m i c a l r e m a r k s: The correct generic position of Virgichneumon gemellus (GRAVENHORST) has been a matter of discussion in the past. RASNITSYN (1981) transferred this species to the (Afrotropical) genus Rugosculpta HEINRICH, 1967 which was rejected by HILPERT (1992) who provisionally re-included V. gemellus in the genus Barichneumon, together with the closely related V. rhenanus (HABERMEHL). HILPERT (1992) also mentioned that the generical separation of Barichneumon and allied genera needs further investigation. Despite the differences between typical members of Rugosculpta and V. gemellus, TERESHIKIN (2005) re-established the position of V. gemellus in Rugosculpta. In my opinion, the differences between V. gemellus and the two known Afrotropical members of Rugosculpta (e. g. almost completely carinated scutellum and strongly convergent temples behind eyes), do not support the view of RASNITSYN (1981) and TERESHKIN (2005). Due to the rather slender basal flagellar segment, structure of postpetiole with distinct lateral-median carina and distinctly impressed gastrocoelus, the species is newly transferred to Virgichneumon here. S t u d i e d m a t e r i a l: from Austria, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Kirghizstan, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, United Kingdom.	en	Riedel, Matthias (2024): The genus Virgichneumon HEINRICH in the West Palaearctic region (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae). Linzer biologische Beiträge 56 (1): 149-199, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14682094
03A687875102FFCB34B623955002FE1F.taxon	description	E t y m o l o g y: The species name refers to the collector of the holotype (and many other interesting Ichneumoninae), R. Hinz. D e s c r i p t i o n: ♀. Body length 10.0 - 11.0 mm (fig. 19). Flagellum with 37 - 38 segments, moderately lanceolate; 1 st flagellar segment 1.7 - 1.8 × as long as wide; 6 th or 7 th segment square; widest segments 1.6 - 1.8 × as wide as long. Temple strongly and roundly narrowed behind eye (fig. 9). OED 1.2 - 1.5 × and OOD 1.4 - 1.8 × ocellar diameter. Frons densely rugose-punctate. Face densely punctate. Clypeus slightly convex, 2.2 × as wide as long, with sparse punctures and subapical row of fine punctures; apical margin sharp and straight. Seen from lateral, gena almost parallel to compound eye and slightly sinusoid in ventral half, 0.8 × as wide as eye, with rather dense punctures (fig. 86). MI 1.1 - 1.4. Hypostomal carina moderately elevated (about as wide as distal maxillary palpomere). Mesoscutum densely punctate, median lobe rugose-punctate. Notaulus impressed in frontal 1 / 6 of mesoscutum. Mesopleuron rugose-punctate, speculum punctate. Epicnemial carina moderately elevated behind fore coxa (about as wide as distal maxillary palpomere), dorsally reaching frontal margin of mesopleuron. Subtegular ridge narrow and with sharp margin. Scutellum almost flat, about as wide as long, with sparse punctures and lateral carina in basal 0.2. Area basalis with central tubercle. Area superomedia heart-shaped, slightly longer than wide or as long as wide, finely rugose, at its middle with costula (fig. 31). Area petiolaris strongly impressed, rugose, with ± distinct lateral carina. Hind coxa densely punctate, with small but distinct scopa ventro-apically (length 1 / 5 of coxal length) (fig. 92). Hind femur 3.5 - 3.6 × as long as wide. External surface of hind tibia with several (5 - 6) denticular spines. Areolet pentagonal, frontal distance between veins 2 rs-m and 3 rs-m 2 × their width; vein 2 m-cu reaching distad its middle. Vein 1 cu-a interstitial. Postpetiole moderately widened, with weak latero-median carina; median field slightly elevated and densely rugose-punctate. Gastrocoelus almost triangularly impressed, with 3 - 4 ridges. Thyridium oblique, 0.6 × as wide as interval between thyridia (fig. 51). 2 nd tergite 1.3 - 1.4 × as wide as long; 2 nd and 3 rd tergites densely punctate; 2 nd tergite rugose-punctate medially (fig. 51). Following tergites with superficial punctures and ± shining. Ovipositor sheath extending beyond metasomal apex by 1.0 - 1.5 × length of 7 th tergite. Color: black. Setae of head grey and of mesoscutum brownish. Flagellar segments 7 / 8 - 13 / 14 dorsally, scutellum and wide dorsal spots on 6 th and 7 th tergites ivory. Vertex with indistinct dark reddish (in holotype) or yellowish (in paratype) spot opposite lateral carina. Postpetiole, 2 nd and 3 rd tergites entirely and 4 th tergite baso-laterally red. Legs black; fore and mid tibiae and fore tarsus reddish; hind tibia reddish in basal half. Wings hyaline, pterostigma ochreous. ♁. Body length 10.0 - 10.5 mm. Flagellum with 32 - 39 segments, bristle-shaped; 1 st flagellar segment 2.7 × as long as wide. Tyloids on flagellar segments 6 - 15, long-oval, maximally 0.7 × as long as their segment. OED 1.2 × ocellar diameter. MI 0.7. Hypostomal carina moderately elevated. Mesoscutum densely punctate, median lobe rugose-punctate. Mesopleuron densely punctate, speculum with finer punctures. Epicnemial carina ± elevated behind fore coxa. Scutellum moderately elevated, wider than long, with coarse sparse punctures and lateral carina in basal 0.5. Fore metatarsus without apical tooth. Hind femur 3.8 × as long as wide. Areolet pentagonal, frontal distance between veins 2 rs-m and 3 rs-m 1 × their width; vein 2 m-cu reaching distad its middle. Vein 1 cu-a interstitial. Postpetiole densely punctate. Gastrocoelus impressed, with longitudinal ridges. Thyridium slightly oblique, 0.6 × as wide as interval between thyridia. 2 nd and 3 rd tergites with coarse dense punctures; punctures of 4 th and 5 th tergites dense but ± superficial. Color: black. Palps brown. Flagellum black. Facial orbit, spot on vertex opposite lateral ocellus, sometimes spot on collar and hind edge of pronotum, spot on tegula and subtegular ridge, scutellum sometimes, narrow transverse apical stripe on 5 th tergite, large spots on 6 th and 7 th tergites and sometimes spot on paramere ivory. 1 st to 3 rd tergites red, petiolus ± black basally. Coxae, trochanters and trochantelli black; fore and mid legs reddish or blackish; fore and mid tibiae yellowish frontally; hind femur black; hind tibia sub-basally or in basal 2 / 3 reddish; hind tarsus black. Pterostigma ochreous. Taxonomical remark: This new species is intermediate between Virgichneumon and Vulgichneumon. The narrow and sharp subtegular ridge in both sexes and ivory color pattern of the metasoma in ♁ would be typical for Vulgichneumon, but the form of gastrocoelus and thyridium is characteristic of the genus Virgichneumon. S t u d i e d m a t e r i a l: from Austria *, France * and Italy *.	en	Riedel, Matthias (2024): The genus Virgichneumon HEINRICH in the West Palaearctic region (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae). Linzer biologische Beiträge 56 (1): 149-199, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14682094
03A687875100FFCC34B625785034FDE4.taxon	description	D e s c r i p t i o n: ♀. Body length 8.0 - 9.0 mm. Flagellum with 32 - 34 segments, moderately lanceolate; 1 st flagellar segment 2.3 - 2.5 × as long as wide, 7 th to 9 th segments square; widest segments 1.2 - 1.4 × as wide as long. Temple moderately or strongly and almost linearly narrowed behind eye (fig. 10). OED 1.1 - 1.3 × and OOD 1.4 - 1.9 × ocellar diameter. Frons with fine dense punctures, shining. Gena about as wide as eye, with rather dense punctures ventrally (fig. 87). MI 1.0 - 1.1. Epicnemial carina low behind fore coxa. Scutellum as wide as or slightly wider than long, rather coarsely punctate, with lateral carina in basal 0.3 - 0.5. Area superomedia heart-shaped, usually wider than long; at or posterior to its middle with costula (fig. 32). Hind coxa without scopa, densely punctate. Hind femur 3.3 - 3.6 × as long as wide. External surface of hind tibia with several (4 - 8) denticular spines. Areolet pentagonal, frontal distance between veins 2 rs-m and 3 rs-m 1 - 2 × their width, vein 2 m-cu reaching distad its middle. Vein 1 cu-a interstitial or slightly postfurcal by 1 - 2 × its width. Postpetiole with weak latero-median carina; median field elevated and densely punctate. Gastrocoelus triangularly impressed. Thyridium oblique, 0.5 - 0.7 × as wide as interval between thyridia (fig. 52). 2 nd and 3 rd tergites densely punctate; 2 nd tergite with longitudinal rugosity medially. Ovipositor sheath extending beyond metasomal apex by 0.5 - 1.0 × of 7 th tergite length. Color: black. Setae of mesoscutum grey. Basal flagellar segments often ± reddish. Flagellar segments 7 / 8 - 12 dorsally, frontal orbit dorsally or completely, sometimes facial orbit opposite antennal groove, sometimes spots on collar, hind edge of pronotum and subtegular ridge and large transversal spots on tergites 6 and 7 ivory. Coxae and trochanters black; legs otherwise red; hind femur sometimes infuscate apically; hind tibia usually ± infuscate apically, hind tarsus ± infuscate. Pterostigma dark ochreous. ♁. Body length 8.0 - 10.0 mm. Flagellum with 31 - 34 segments. Tyloids on flagellar segments 6 / 7 - 16, large, long-oval, maximally as long as their segments. Apical margin of clypeus with small median tubercle. MI 0.4. Fore metatarsus without apical tooth. Hind femur 3.7 - 3.8 × as long as wide. 2 nd tergite 1.2 × as wide as long. 2 nd to 4 th tergites with coarse dense punctures, median parts of 2 nd tergite with longitudinal rugosity. Color: black. Flagellum yellowish ventrally; tyloids yellowish-red. Palps, mandible, clypeus laterally, wide facial orbit, narrow frontal orbit (fig. 69), scape ventrally, collar and hind edge of pronotum, spot on tegula, apical spots on 6 th and 7 th tergites and often spot on parameres ivory. Coxae and trochanters black; legs otherwise red; hind femur and hind tibia ± infuscate apically; hind tarsus ± infuscate. Pterostigma dark ochreous or brownish. Taxonomical remark: The ♀ from UK (ex Satyrium w-album) differs from the continental specimens by its brownish instead of red legs and less strongly narrowed temple behind eye, but is otherwise typical. New host record: Satyrium w-album (KNOCH, 1781) (Lep. Lycaenidae) (Edinburgh). S t u d i e d m a t e r i a l: from Georgia * (coll. Riedel), Germany * (ZSM), Norway * (coll. Riedel), Russia, Sweden, United Kingdom * (Edinburgh).	en	Riedel, Matthias (2024): The genus Virgichneumon HEINRICH in the West Palaearctic region (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae). Linzer biologische Beiträge 56 (1): 149-199, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14682094
03A687875107FFCD34B62560571CFEA7.taxon	description	D e s c r i p t i o n: ♀. Body length 9.0 - 11.0 mm. Flagellum with 41 - 42 segments, almost bristle-shaped; 1 st flagellar segment 2.1 - 2.2 × as long as wide, 7 th or 8 th segment square, widest segments 1.0 - 1.1 × as wide as long. Temple moderately and roundly narrowed behind eye (fig. 11). OED 1.5 - 1.6 × and OOD 1.5 - 1.7 × ocellar diameter. MI 1.0. Gena with rather dense punctures, 1.0 × as wide as eye. Hypostomal carina slightly elevated. Epicnemial carina not or slightly elevated behind fore coxa. Scutellum wider than long, with rather coarse but sparse punctures, without lateral carina. Area superomedia hexagonal or heart-shaped, as long as wide or slightly longer than wide; posterior to its middle with costula (fig. 33). Hind coxa without scopa, with sparse or very sparse punctures ventro-apically. Hind femur 2.9 - 3.0 × as long as wide. External surface of hind tibia with several (3 - 5) denticular spines (fig. 100). Areolet pentagonal, frontal distance between veins 2 rs-m and 3 rs-m 2 × their width; vein 2 m-cu reaching distad its middle. Vein 1 cu-a postfurcal. Postpetiole with distinct latero-median carina; median field elevated, with coarse punctures and ± distinct aciculation. Gastrocoelus impressed, with some ridges. Thyridium transverse, 0.6 - 0.7 × as wide as interval between thyridia (fig. 53). 2 nd tergite 1.4 - 1.5 × as wide as long. 2 nd and 3 rd tergites densely punctate, 2 nd tergite ± rugose medially. Ovipositor sheath slightly reaching beyond metasomal apex. Color: black. Setae of mesoscutum pale brownish. Mandible except teeth reddish. Flagellar segments 9 - 14 / 15 dorsally, frontal orbit opposite to lateral ocellus, scutellum, large dorsal spots on 5 th to 7 th tergites, sometimes smaller dorsal spot of 4 th tergite ivory. Basal tergites sometimes ± brownish. Coxae and trochanters black; legs otherwise red; hind tibia apically and hind tarsus (sometimes also mid tarsus) ± infuscate. Pterostigma brownish. ♁. Body length 9.0 - 11.0 mm. Flagellum with 38 - 40 segments. Tyloids on flagellar segments 6 / 7 - 16 / 17, long-oval, maximally as long as their segments. MI 0.5 - 0.6. Fore metatarsus without apical tooth; hind femur 3.2 - 3.3 × as long as wide. Tergites coarsely punctate, ± dull. 2 nd tergite 1.1 - 1.2 × as wide as long. Color: black. Clypeus laterally, wide facial orbit, narrow frontal orbit up to lateral ocellus (fig. 70), collar and hind edge of pronotum, spot on tegula and subtegular ridge, scutellum, sometimes postscutellum, large spots on 5 th to 7 th tergites, sometimes on 4 th tergite ivory. Legs colored as in ♀. Pterostigma brownish. S t u d i e d m a t e r i a l: from France, Germany, Norway, Turkey, United Kingdom.	en	Riedel, Matthias (2024): The genus Virgichneumon HEINRICH in the West Palaearctic region (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae). Linzer biologische Beiträge 56 (1): 149-199, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14682094
03A687875106FFCE34B6262052ABFE89.taxon	description	D e s c r i p t i o n: ♀. Body length 11.5 - 13.0 mm. Flagellum with 45 - 47 segments, moderately lanceolate; 1 st flagellar segment 1.8 - 1.9 × as long as wide, 6 th segment square; widest segments 1.4 - 1.5 × as wide as long, tip ± pointed (fig. 78). Temple strongly and almost linearly narrowed behind eye (fig. 12). OED 1.1 - 1.3 × and OOD 1.3 - 1.4 × ocellar diameter. Frons coarsely punctate. Gena 1.0 - 1.1 × as wide as eye, with sparse punctures ventrally (fig. 89). Clypeus with sparse punctures. MI 0.8. Mesoscutum coarsely punctate, with microsculpture but ± shining. Mesopleuron coarsely punctate, rugose posteriorly; sometimes mesopleuron and metapleuron with striated punctures. Scutellum wider than long, with sparse punctures and lateral carina in basal 0.2. Area superomedia heart-shaped, about as long as wide; at or posterior to its middle with costula (fig. 34). Hind coxa with dense punctures, punctures sometimes sparse apico-ventrally, without scopa. Hind femur densely punctate, 3.6 - 3.9 × as long as wide. External surface of hind tibia with several (5 - 7) denticular spines. Areolet pentagonal, frontal distance between veins 2 rs-m and 3 rs-m 3 - 4 × their width; vein 2 m-cu reaching distad its middle. Vein 1 cu-a postfurcal by 1 - 2 × its width. Postpetiole with distinct latero-median carina; median field elevated and with longitudinally striated punctation. Gastrocoelus ± rectangularly impressed. Thyridium slightly oblique, 0.5 × as wide as interval between thyridia. 2 nd tergite 1.3 - 1.4 × as wide as long. 2 nd and 3 rd tergites coarsely and densely rugose-punctate (fig. 54). Ovipositor sheath extending beyond metasomal apex by 0.5 - 1.0 × of 7 th tergite length. Color: black. Mandible reddish centrally. Flagellar segments 8 - 14 dorsally, small spot of frontal orbit opposite to lateral ocellus, scutellum, and dorsal spots on 6 th and 7 th tergites ivory (6 th tergite sometimes entirely black). Legs black, fore tibia yellowish frontally OR if femora, tibiae and tarsi red, then hind tibia infuscate in apical 0.2 - 0.3 and hind tarsus black. Pterostigma blackish. ♁. Body length 11.5 - 15.0 mm. Flagellum with 43 - 47 segments; 1 st flagellar segment 2.2 × as long as wide. Tyloids on flagellar segments 5 / 6 - 15 / 16, oval, situated basad, maximally almost as long as their segments. OED 1.0 × ocellar diameter. MI 0.2. Scutellum with lateral carina in basal 0.5 - 0.7. Area superomedia as long as or wider than long, hexagonal; costula reaching posterior to its middle. Fore metatarsus with strong apical tooth (fig. 95). Hind femur 3.5 - 4.1 × as long as wide. Lateral field of postpetiole 0.8 × as wide as median field, the latter with longitudinally striated punctures. Thyridium 0.7 × as wide as interval between thyridia. 2 nd tergite 0.9 - 1.2 × as long as wide. 2 nd to 4 th tergites with rugose punctures; 2 nd tergite with more or less extended longitudinal rugae medially, dull. Color: black. Labial palps in part, clypeus laterally, wide facial orbit, narrow frontal orbit (fig. 71), often collar and spot on subtegular ridge, often apical half or apical spots on scutellum ivory. Legs usually black; fore and mid femora and tibiae ± reddish or yellowish frontally. Sometimes legs except black coxae and trochanters red; hind tibia infuscate in apical 0.2 and hind tarsus black. Pterostigma dark brownish or blackish. Host: Spilosoma lubricipeda (LINNAEUS, 1758) (Lep., Erebidae) (ZSM). S t u d i e d m a t e r i a l: from Armenia * (coll. Riedel), Austria, France, Germany, Italy, Sweden, Switzerland.	en	Riedel, Matthias (2024): The genus Virgichneumon HEINRICH in the West Palaearctic region (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae). Linzer biologische Beiträge 56 (1): 149-199, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14682094
03A687875105FFCF34B626C551BEFC69.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: (♀) 19; I. perversus m.; [rot] Holotypus Ichneumon perversus, DILLER 1976 (ZSM), type studied. D e s c r i p t i o n: ♀. Body length 8.5 - 10.0 mm. Flagellum with 34 - 37 segments, moderately lanceolate; 1 st flagellar segment 2.0 - 2.3 × as long as wide; 10 th segment square; widest segments 1.3 - 1.5 × as wide as long. Temple slightly and roundly narrowed behind eye (fig. 13). OED 1.2 - 1.4 × and OOD 1.5 × ocellar diameter. Face with rather dense punctures, clypeus with sparse punctures. Gena with very sparse punctures ventrally, about as wide as eye. MI 1.0. Genal carina reaching hypostomal carina close to mandibular base, hypostomal carina slightly elevated. Notaulus impressed in frontal 0.2 of mesoscutum. Epicnemial carina moderately elevated behind fore coxa. Mesoscutum, mesopleuron and metapleuron with rather dense punctures, smooth and shining between punctures. Scutellum as wide as or slightly wider than long, with sparse punctures and with lateral carina in basal 0.2 - 0.3. Area superomedia heart-shaped, wider than long or longer than wide; in or posterior to its middle with costula (fig. 35). Hind coxa densely punctate, without scopa. Hind femur densely punctate, 3.4 - 3.6 × as long as wide. External surface of hind tibia with several (6 - 7) denticular spines. Postpetiole without or with weak latero-median carina, punctate; median field slightly elevated, densely punctate. Gastrocoelus almost rectangularly impressed, smooth, sometimes confluent medially. Thyridium slightly oblique, 0.5 × as wide as interval between thyridia (fig. 55). 2 nd tergite 1.2 × as wide as long. 2 nd to 4 th tergites densely punctate, smooth and shining between punctures. Ovipositor sheath slightly extending beyond metasomal apex. Color: black. Setae of mesoscutum grey. Flagellar segments 7 / 9 - 13 dorsally, sometimes spot on orbit at antennal grooves, spot of frontal orbit opposite to lateral ocellus, collar, spot of subtegular ridge, apical spot of scutellum and wide apical spots on 6 th and 7 th tergites ivory. Clypeus sometimes reddish laterally. Often petiole apically, postpetiole and 2 nd to 3 th tergites entirely and 4 th tergite basally or ± completely red, following tergites black. Coxae and trochanters black. Legs otherwise red; fore and mid femora ± darkened dorsally; hind tibia slightly infuscate apically; mid and hind tarsi reddish-brown. Pterostigma ochreous or brown. ♁. Body length 10.0 - 10.5 mm. Flagellum with 36 segments; 1 st flagellar segment 2.1 × as long as wide. Tyloids on flagellar segments 5 - 12 / 13, linear, indistinctly differentiated. Temple moderately and roundly narrowed behind eye. OED 1.0 - 1.1 × and OOD 1.5 - 1.6 × ocellar diameter. Frons with dense punctures and transverse rugosities; face densely rugose-punctate. Clypeus smooth and shining, with sparse punctures. MI 0.2. Seen from lateral, gena distinctly narrowed ventrally and rather densely punctate ventrally. Hypostomal carina slightly elevated. Mesoscutum, mesopleuron and metapleuron densely punctate, smooth between punctures; speculum partly smooth. Epicnemial carina distinctly elevated and bilobed behind fore coxa. Scutellum moderately elevated, slightly wider than long, lateral carina in basal 0.3 - 0.5. Area superomedia heart-shaped, slightly longer than wide; costula reaching at 7 / 10 its length. Fore metatarsus with distinct apical tooth. Hind femur 3.4 - 3.7 × as long as wide. External surface of hind tibia with several denticular spines. Postpetiole densely punctate, without latero-median carina; median field not differentiated. Gastrocoelus impressed, but almost smooth. Thyridium slightly oblique, 0.7 × as wide as interval between thyridia. 2 nd to 5 th tergites with dense punctures. Color: black. Setae of mesoscutum brownish. Flagellum black, distal flagellar segments reddish ventrally. Palps partly, clypeus laterally, wide facial orbit and narrow frontal orbit up to vertex (fig. 72), sometimes spot of collar and hind edge of pronotum, spot of subtegular ridge, and posterolateral spots on scutellum ivory. Petiole black. Postpetiole ± and 2 nd to 5 th tergites entirely red; 6 th and 7 th tergites black. Coxae and trochanters black; legs otherwise red; fore and mid femora infuscate ventrally; fore and mid tibiae yellow frontally; hind femur red, baso-ventrally and apically ± infuscate; hind tibia red, black in apical 0.3; hind tarsus black. Pterostigma reddish-brown. T a x o n o m i c a l r e m a r k s: The form of the gastrocoelus of this species resembles some members of the genus Barichneumon THOMSON but the long 1 st flagellar segment is typical for Virgichneumon (see RIEDEL 2014). It should be noted that the species has been usually misidentified in the past: Barichneumon perversus sensu RASNITSYN & SIYTAN (1981) belongs to a different Barichneumon species. S t u d i e d m a t e r i a l: from Germany and Italy.	en	Riedel, Matthias (2024): The genus Virgichneumon HEINRICH in the West Palaearctic region (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae). Linzer biologische Beiträge 56 (1): 149-199, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14682094
03A687875104FFC034B624E55710FADF.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: (♁) 3.192; Worms (8) 1904 Habermehl; Ichneumon rhenanus HAB. ♁ (Frankfurt), studied and comb. nov. by HILPERT (1992). D e s c r i p t i o n: ♀. Body length 8.0 - 9.0 mm. Flagellum with 32 - 33 segments, moderately lanceolate; 1 st flagellar segments 1.8 × as long as wide; widest segments 1.5 × as wide as long; apical segments slightly narrowed. Temple distinctly and roundly narrowed behind eye (fig. 14). OED 1.3 × and OOD 1.5 × ocellar diameter. Frons and face transversally striato-punctate. Gena with longitudinally striated punctures dorsally and sparse punctures ventrally. MI 0.7 - 0.9. Genal carina reaching hypostomal carina away from mandibular base, hypostomal carina slightly elevated. Notualus pit-like impressed at frontal margin of mesoscutum. Mesoscutum densely and coarsely punctate. Mesopleuron densely punctate, partly longitudinally striato-punctate. Epicnemial carina not bent or elevated ventrally. Scutellum wider than long, slightly elevated. Area superomedia heart-shaped, about as long as wide; distinctly posterior of its middle with costula (fig. 36). Area petiolaris not distinctly narrowed apically. Hind coxa densely punctate, with distinct scopa. Hind femur 3.4 × as long as wide. External surface of hind tibia with few (2 - 3) denticular spines (fig. 101). Areolet pentagonal, frontal distance between veins 2 rs-m and 3 rs-m 2 × their width; vein 2 m-cu reaching its middle. Vein 1 cu-a postfurcal. Postpetiole with latero-median carina; lateral field 0.8 × as wide as median field, the latter coarsely rugose-punctate. Gastrocoelus deeply impressed. Thyridium indistinct (fig. 56). 2 nd tergite 1.3 × as wide as long. 2 nd and 3 rd tergites coarsely punctate, 2 nd tergite longitudinally rugose medially; 4 th tergite superficially punctate. Ovipositor sheath slightly extending beyond metasomal apex. Color: black. Basal flagellar segments often reddish. Flagellar segments 7 - 12 dorsally, stripe of frontal orbit opposite to lateral ocellus, collar, spot on subtegular ridge, scutellum and large median marks on 6 th and 7 th tergites ivory. 1 st to 4 th tergites reddish-brown; following tergites darkened. Coxae and trochanters black or brown; legs otherwise red; hind tibia narrowly darkened apically; hind tarsus brownish. Pterostigma yellowish. ♁. Body length 10 mm. Flagellum with 34 - 35 segments; 1 st flagellar segment ca. 2 × as long as wide. Tyloids on flagellar segments 6 - 12, long-oval, maximally 0.5 - 0.7 × as long as their segments. Temple roundly narrowed behind eye. Frons transversely rugose-punctate. Face rugose-punctate; clypeus with fine longitudinal striae or rugae medially. Hypostomal carina low. Notaulus impressed at frontal 0.2 of mesoscutum. Mesoscutum, mesopleuron and metapleuron coarsely punctate and shining; mesopleuron dorsally and posteriorly with ± distinct striation. Epicnemial carina low behind fore coxa, not bent forward ventrally. Scutellum moderately elevated, wider than long, lateral carina in basal 0.5. Area superomedia large, heart-shaped, almost square or wider than long; costula reaching posterior to its middle. Hind femur 3.2 × as long as wide. Fore metatarsus with apical tooth. Ventral side of mid femur slightly concave in apical 1 / 3. Areolet almost pointed frontally, veins 2 rs-m and 3 rs-m almost joining each other in front; vein 2 m-cu reaching its middle. Vein 1 cu-a postfurcal. Postpetiole widened, lateral field wide, 0.8 × as wide as median field, the latter with coarse longitudinal rugosities. Gastrocoelus distinct. Thyridium large, oblique, about as wide as their interval. 2 nd tergite about as long as wide. 2 nd and 3 rd tergites with coarse punctures and median longitudinal rugae. Color: black. Setae of mesoscutum brownish. Palps, mandible, clypeus laterally, wide facial and narrow frontal orbits up to lateral ocellus (fig. 73), stripe on outer orbit, scape ventrally, spot on collar and hind edge of pronotum, spot on subtegular ridge, scutellum on greater part ivory. Flagellum ± reddish ventrally. Postpetiole apically and 2 nd and 3 rd tergites entirely and 4 th tergite basally red. Legs except black coxae and trochanters red; hind femur often blackish; hind tibia in apical third and hind tarsus darkened to black. Pterostigma brown. T a x o n o m i c a l r e m a r k s: For the discussion of the generical position of this species, see taxonomical notes under V. gemellus (GRAVENHORST). S t u d i e d m a t e r i a l: from Austria * (ZSM), Germany and Switzerland * (ZSM).	en	Riedel, Matthias (2024): The genus Virgichneumon HEINRICH in the West Palaearctic region (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae). Linzer biologische Beiträge 56 (1): 149-199, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14682094
03A68787510BFFC134B62238514BFBF2.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: (♀) M. Etna-Maletto, C. da Fontanamurata, m. 1000, 7. VII. 1996, coll. Turrisi (coll. Turrisi). E t y m o l o g y: The species name refers to the large scopa on the hind coxa. D e s c r i p t i o n: ♀. Body length 11.5 mm (fig. 20). Flagellum with more than 28 segments, almost bristle-shaped (tips broken off); 1 st flagellar segment 2.9 × as long as wide, 8 th to 10 th segments square; widest segments 1.1 × as wide as long. Temple slightly and roundly narrowed behind eye (fig. 15). OED 1.3 × ocellar diameter. Frons coarsely punctate. Gena 1.1 × as wide as eye, coarsely striate-punctate (fig. 90). Clypeus with sparse punctures. MI 0.9. Mesoscutum coarsely rugose-punctate. Mesopleuron and metapleuron coarsely rugose-punctate, speculum punctate. Scutellum wider than long, with sparse punctures and lateral carina in basal 0.2. Area superomedia hexagonal, 1.2 × as long as wide; at 4 / 10 of its length with costula (fig. 37). Area petiolaris rugose, with lateral carina. Hind coxa with dense punctures and distinct scopa apico-ventrally (1 / 4 of coxal length) (fig. 93). Hind femur densely punctate, 3.9 × as long as wide. External surface of hind tibia with multiple (ca. 11) denticular spines. Areolet pentagonal, frontal distance between veins 2 rs-m and 3 rs-m 2 × their width; vein 2 m-cu reaching distad its middle. Vein 1 cu-a postfurcal by 1 - 2 × its width. Postpetiole with distinct latero-median carina; median field elevated, coarsely rugose-punctate. Gastrocoelus rectangularly impressed. Thyridium slightly oblique, 0.7 × as wide as interval between thyridia (fig. 57). 2 nd tergite 1.2 × as wide as long. 2 nd and 3 rd tergites coarse and densely rugose-punctate, ± dull. Following tergites with superficial punctures, shining. Ovipositor sheath extending beyond metasomal apex by 0.5 - 1.0 × of 7 th tergite length. Color: black. Setae of mesoscutum brownish. Flagellar segments 9 - 14 dorsally, small spot on frontal orbit opposite to lateral ocellus, scutellum, dorsal triangular spot on 6 th tergite, and wide dorsal spot on 7 th tergite ivory. Legs except black coxae and trochanters red; hind tibia shortly infuscate at apex; hind tarsus black. Pterostigma blackish. ♁ unknown. Taxonomical remark: This new species closely resembles V. monostagon, but differs by slenderer basal flagellar segments and ± distinct scopa of hind coxa. Distribution: Only known from Sicily *.	en	Riedel, Matthias (2024): The genus Virgichneumon HEINRICH in the West Palaearctic region (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae). Linzer biologische Beiträge 56 (1): 149-199, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14682094
03A68787510AFFC234B6236E570CFB67.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: (♀) Holotypus; Barichneumon submontanus i. l. 1951 Heinr; Oberlaussa, A. s., leg. A. Franz (ZSM), type studied. D e s c r i p t i o n: ♀. Body length 9.5 mm. Flagellum with 37 segments, moderately lanceolate; 1 st flagellar segment 2.0 × as long as wide; 10 th segment square; widest segments 1.5 × as wide as long. Temple strongly and almost linearly narrowed behind eye. OED 1.5 × and OOD 2.1 × ocellar diameter. Gena with rather dense punctures, 0.9 × as wide as eye. MI 1.0. Epicnemial carina moderately elevated behind fore coxa and bilobed. Scutellum moderately elevated, slightly wider than long, with lateral carina in basal 0.5 and with coarse sparse punctures. Area basalis narrow, about as long as wide. Area superomedia heart-shaped, wider than long; posterior to its middle with costula (fig. 38). Hind coxa densely punctate, without scopa. Hind femur densely punctate, 3.4 × as long as wide. External surface of hind tibia with multiple (8 - 10) stout bristles. Areolet pentagonal, frontal distance between veins 2 rs-m and 3 rs-m 2 × their width; vein 2 m-cu reaching distad its middle. Vein 1 cu-a postfurcal by 2 × its width. Postpetiole without latero-median carina, strongly punctate. Gastrocoelus triangularly impressed, almost smooth. Thyridium oblique, 0.8 × as wide as interval between thyridia (fig. 58). 2 nd tergite 1.3 × as wide as long. 2 nd to 4 th tergites densely punctate. Ovipositor sheath extending beyond metasomal apex by length of 7 th tergite. Color: black. Setae of mesoscutum grey. Mandible except teeth reddish. Flagellar segments 8 / 9 - 13 dorsally, spot on vertex opposite to lateral ocellus, triangular spot of 6 th tergite and 7 th tergite mainly ivory. Mesosoma black. Postpetiole, 2 nd and 3 rd tergites completely and 4 th basally and laterally red. Coxae, trochanters and trochantelli black; legs otherwise reddish; fore and mid femora ± black; hind tibia narrowly infuscate apically, hind tarsus blackish. Pterostigma brown. ♁. Body length 11.0 - 12.0 mm. Flagellum with 36 - 37 segments; 1 st segment 2.1 × as long as wide. Tyloids indistinct, on flagellar segments 5 / 6 - 12, linear, maximally 0.7 - 0.8 × as long as their segments. Temple slightly narrowed behind eyes. OED 1.0 - 1.1 × and OOD 1.7 × ocellar diameter. Occiput slightly impressed medially. MI 0.2 - 0.3. Face, gena and clypeus with dense punctures. Epicnemial carina distinctly widened behind fore coxa, bilobed ventrally. Scutellum moderately elevated, wider than long, with sparse punctures and with lateral carina in basal 0.6 - 0.7. Area superomedia wider than long; costula reaching posterior to its middle. Fore metatarsus without apical tooth. Hind femur 3.3 - 3.6 × as long as wide. Postpetiole without latero-median carina, median field punctate. Gastrocoelus triangularly impressed. Thyridium oblique, 0.6 - 0.7 × as wide as interval between thyridia. 2 nd tergite 1.0 - 1.1 × as long as wide; 2 nd to 5 th tergites with coarse punctures. Color: black. Flagellum black. Palps partly, clypeus laterally, inner orbit up to lateral ocellus, collar, sometimes hind edge of pronotum and subtegular ridge ivory. Postpetiole, 2 nd and 3 rd tergites completely and 4 th tergite ± red. Coxae and trochanters black; fore leg otherwise red; mid leg black, mid femur apically and mid tibia frontally reddish or yellowish; hind leg black, hind femur basally narrowly red, hind tibia red in basal half. Pterostigma brown or black. Taxonomical remark: One ♀ from Germany (Bodman near Bodensee) has already been labeled as “ Virgichneumon sp. det. Heinrich ” (ZSM). S t u d i e d m a t e r i a l: from Austria, Germany * (ZSM), Switzerland * (coll. Riedel).	en	Riedel, Matthias (2024): The genus Virgichneumon HEINRICH in the West Palaearctic region (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae). Linzer biologische Beiträge 56 (1): 149-199, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14682094
03A687875109FFC334B623E051E9FAB9.taxon	materials_examined	Type lost. D e s c r i p t i o n: ♀. Body length 9.5 - 10.0 mm. Flagellum with 41 segments, almost filiform and slightly narrowed apically; 1 st flagellar segment 2.5 × as long as wide, 8 th segment square; widest segments 1.2 × as wide as long. Temple moderately and almost linearly narrowed behind eye (fig. 16). OED 1.2 × and OOD 1.7 × ocellar diameter. Frons coarsely rugulose-punctate. Gena with rather dense punctures ventrally, rugose-striate dorsally. MI 0.9. Hypostomal carina moderately elevated. Notaulus shortly impressed on frontal margin of mesoscutum. Mesoscutum coarsely punctate, shining. Mesopleuron and metapleuron coarsely rugose-punctate, partly striate. Speculum partly smooth. Epicnemial carina elevated behind fore coxa, about as wide as apical segment of maxillary palp. Scutellum slightly convex, slightly wider than long, with fine sparse punctures and with lateral carina in basal 0.7. Area basalis with strong central tubercle. Area superomedia hexagonal, about as long as wide, rugose; posterior to its middle with costula. Area petiolaris strongly impressed, with coarse transverse rugae. Hind coxa punctate, smooth, without scopa. Hind femur 3.7 × as long as wide. External surface of hind tibia with several (4) denticular spines. Areolet pentagonal, frontal distance between veins 2 rs-m and 3 rs-m 2 × their width; vein 2 m-cu slightly distad its middle. Vein 1 cu-a postfurcal by 2 × its width. Postpetiole with distinct latero-median carina; lateral field with coarse punctures, median field with longitudinally striated punctures. Gastrocoelus impressed, with fine ridges. Thyridium transverse, 0.5 × as wide as interval between thyridia (fig. 59). 2 nd tergite 1.2 × as wide as long. 2 nd and 3 rd tergites very coarsely rugose-punctate; 4 th and 5 th tergites with fine sparse punctures. Ovipositor sheath extending beyond metasomal apex by length of 7 th tergite. Color: black. Setae of mesoscutum brownish. Flagellar segments 9 - 15 dorsally, narrow frontal orbit and large spot of 7 th tergite ivory. Scutellum with reddish apical suffusion. Coxae, trochanters and trochantelli black; legs otherwise red; hind tibia infuscate in apical 0.2, hind tarsus blackish. Pterostigma blackish. ♁. Body length 11 mm. Flagellum with> 23 segments (tips broken off); 1 st flagellar segment 2.6 × as long as wide. Tyloids on flagellar segments 8 - 15, large, oval, maximally as long as their segments. Temple distinctly and almost linearly narrowed behind eye. OED 1.0 × ocellar diameter. Gena 0.8 × as wide as eye. MI 0.7. Epicnemial carina strongly widened behind fore coxa, bilobed. Scutellum moderately elevated, about as long as wide, with lateral carina in basal 0.4. Area basalis with median tubercle. Area superomedia halfmoon-shaped, 1.5 × as wide as long; costula reaching posterior to its middle. Fore metatarsus without apical tooth. Hind femur 4.5 × as long as wide. External surface of hind tibia with numerous denticular spines. Areolet pentagonal, frontal distance between veins 2 rs-m and 3 rs-m 2 × their width; vein 2 m-cu reaching its middle. Vein 1 cu-a interstitial. Median field of postpetiole slightly elevated, not separated, longitudinal rugose. Thyridium transverse, 0.8 × as wide as interval between thyridia. 2 nd tergite 1.2 × as long as wide. 2 nd and 3 rd tergites coarsely punctate and granulate; 2 nd tergite with some striated rugae basally. Color: black. Flagellum black. Inner orbit and spot on vertex (fig. 74), hind edge of pronotum and spot on subtegular ridge ivory. 2 nd tergite with narrow reddish hind margin. Fore and mid legs black; fore and mid tibiae and tarsi yellowish frontally; hind femur and tibia red; hind tibia infuscate in apical 2 / 3, hind tarsus black. Pterostigma reddish-brown. S t u d i e d m a t e r i a l: from France * (ZSM) and Sicily.	en	Riedel, Matthias (2024): The genus Virgichneumon HEINRICH in the West Palaearctic region (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae). Linzer biologische Beiträge 56 (1): 149-199, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14682094
03A687875108FFC434B622D551D9FBB2.taxon	description	nov. by DILLER & HORSTMANN (1997), photos of type studied. syn. nov. Ichneumon spicicornis BERTHOUMIEU, 1906: 59, ♀. Lectotype: (♀) Frendah Alg; type; I. spicicornis BERTH. n sp. (Berth. vid) (Paris), comb. by DILLER & HORSTMANN (1997), photos of type studied. Additional material: (♀) Marokko, Moyen Atlas, Tizi-n-Tretten, 1900 m, 24.05.1995, ex pupa Cigaritis zohra, leg. M. SANETRA (ZSM). D e s c r i p t i o n: ♀. Body length 10.0 mm. Flagellum with 30 - 32 segments, bristle-shaped and pointed apically; 1 st flagellar segment 2.1 - 2.5 × as long as wide; 9 th segment square; widest segments about as long as wide. Temple rather short, strongly and almost linearly narrowed behind eye (fig. 17). OED 1.0 × and OOD 1.8 × ocellar diameter. Head coarsely punctate, shining. MI 1.2. In profile, gena 0.6 × as wide as eye, widest at connection of hypostomal and genal carinae. Hypostomal carina low. Epicnemial carina not elevated behind fore coxa. Scutellum with lateral carina in basal 0.5. Propodeum with complete carination. Area superomedia halfmoon-shaped, 1.0 - 1.1 × as wide as long; at 7 / 10 of its length with costula (fig. 39). Hind coxa punctate, shining, without scopa. Hind femur 3.5 × as long as wide. External surface of hind tibia with several (6) denticular spines. Postpetiole densely punctate, smooth, without latero-median carina; median field not separated from lateral field. Gastrocoelus impressed, slightly sculptured. Thyridium weakly impressed, 0.4 × as wide as interval between thyridia (fig. 60). 2 nd tergite 1.4 - 1.5 × as wide as long. 2 nd and 3 rd tergites with dense punctures, shining; 4 th tergite with superficial puncture. Color: black. Flagellar segments 8 - 12 dorsally, halfmoon-shaped spot of vertex opposite of lateral ocellus, collar, narrow transversal apical stripe on 5 th tergite and 6 th and 7 th tergites almost completely ivory. 1 st to 3 rd or 4 th tergites red, following tergites black. Coxae, trochanters and trochantelli black. Other parts of legs mainly dark brown, fore tibia yellowish frontally, hind tibia with indistinct reddish-brown ring sub-basally. Pterostigma brown, pale proximally. ♁ unknown. Taxonomical remark: The ♀ resembles Virgichneumon tergenus, but postpetiole without latero-median carina, 5 th tergite with ivory stripe, and 1 st tergite completely red. New host record: Cigaritis zohra DONZEL, 1847 (Lep. Lycaenidae) (ZSM). S t u d i e d m a t e r i a l: from Algeria and Morocco.	en	Riedel, Matthias (2024): The genus Virgichneumon HEINRICH in the West Palaearctic region (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae). Linzer biologische Beiträge 56 (1): 149-199, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14682094
03A68787510FFFC534B6232E5116FB41.taxon	description	D e s c r i p t i o n: ♀. Body length 8.5 - 10.0 mm. Flagellum with 31 - 32 segments, slightly lanceolate; 1 st flagellar segment 2.1 - 2.3 × as long as wide, 6 th or 7 th segment square, widest segments 1.2 - 1.3 × as wide as long. Temple strongly and almost linearly narrowed behind eye (fig. 18). OED 1.3 - 1.5 × and OOD 1.7 - 2.0 × ocellar diameter. Frons coarsely punctate. Face ± medially protruding. Clypeus with sparse punctures. Gena in profile 1.0 - 1.2 × as wide as eye, widest at the junction of genal and hypostomal carinae, with sparse punctures ventrally (fig. 91). MI 1.1 - 1.2. Hypostomal carina slightly elevated. Mesoscutum coarsely punctate, shining. Scutellum slightly wider than long, with sparse punctures and with lateral carina in basal 0.3. Epicnemial carina low behind fore coxa. Scutellum slightly wider than long, punctate, lateral carina in basal 0.4. Area superomedia heart-shaped, about as long as wide; at or slightly posterior to its middle with costula (fig. 40). Hind coxa densely punctate, without scopa. Hind femur densely punctate, 3.6 - 3.8 × as long as wide. External surface of hind tibia with several (5 - 8) denticular spines. Areolet pentagonal, frontal distance between veins 2 rs-m and 3 rs-m 2 - 3 × their width; vein 2 m-cu reaching almost at its middle. Vein 1 cu-a postfurcal by 2 × its width. Postpetiole with distinct latero-median carina; median field elevated and densely punctate, sometimes with some longitudinal rugae. Gastrocoelus rectangularly impressed, with ridges. Thyridium small, 0.4 × as wide as interval between thyridia. 2 nd tergite 1.4 - 1.5 × as wide as long. 2 nd and 3 rd tergites densely punctate, smooth and shining between punctures, rarely 2 nd tergite with some rugae between gastrocoeli. Ovipositor sheath extending beyond metasomal apex by length of 7 th tergite. Color: black. Setae of mesoscutum grey. Palps, flagellar segments 8 - 12 dorsally, spot on vertex opposite to lateral ocellus, and wide apical spots on 6 th and 7 th tergites ivory. Apical half of 1 st tergite, 2 nd to 4 th tergites entirely, sometimes 5 th tergite laterally red. Legs black; fore tibia often yellowish frontally; hind tibia sometimes dark reddish sub-basally. Pterostigma black. ♁. Body length 8.0 - 10.0 mm. Flagellum with 31 - 34 segments; 1 st flagellar segment 2.7 × as long as wide. Tyloids on flagellar segments 6 - 15, long-oval, small, maximally 0.6 × as long as their segments. OED 1.0 × and OOD 1.3 × ocellar diameter. MI 0.7. Fore metatarsus without apical tooth (fig. 96). Hind femur 3.8 × as long as wide. 2 nd tergite 1.1 × as wide as long; 2 nd to 4 th tergites with coarse dense punctures. Color: black. Flagellum sometimes reddish apically. Palps mainly, mandible basally, usually clypeus laterally, facial orbit and spot on frontal orbit or inner orbit completely (fig. 75), stripe on outer orbit, ventral spot of scape, collar and upper margin of pronotum, spots on tegula and subtegular ridge, two posterolateral spots on scutellum (often confluent medially), apical bands or stripes on 6 th to 7 th tergites (sometimes apical band on 5 th tergite) ivory. 2 nd and 3 rd tergites completely and sometimes basal part of 4 th tergite red. Legs black; fore and mid femora, tibiae and tarsi ± yellowish frontally; hind tibia sometimes reddish-brown sub-basally. Pterostigma blackish. Host: Satyrum pruni (Linnaeus, 1758) (Lep. Lycaenidae) (ZSM). S t u d i e d m a t e r i a l: from Austria, Bulgaria, Germany, Italy, Norway, Russia, Sweden, Turkey * (ZSM), Ukraine.	en	Riedel, Matthias (2024): The genus Virgichneumon HEINRICH in the West Palaearctic region (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae). Linzer biologische Beiträge 56 (1): 149-199, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14682094
03A68787510EFFC634B6227051DFFC62.taxon	description	D e s c r i p t i o n: ♁. Body length 18 mm. Flagellum with> 37 segments (tips broken off); 1 st flagellar segment 2.6 × as long as wide. Tyloids indistinct. Temple strongly and almost linearly narrowed behind eye. Occiput with transverse impression medially. OED 1.0 × and OOD 1.3 × ocellar diameter. Frons rugose-punctate. Gena about as wide as eye, with dense punctures. Clypeus densely punctate. MI 0.3. Notaulus distinctly impressed in frontal 1 / 4 of mesoscutum. Mesoscutum coarsely and densely punctate, smooth and shining between punctures. Mesopleuron and metapleuron with coarse dense punctures; mesopleuron partly rugose, speculum smooth. Juxtacoxal carina present. Scutellum slightly elevated, about as long as wide, with sparse punctures and with lateral carina in basal 0.4. Area basalis without median tubercle. Area superomedia rectangular, frontal margin rounded, slightly wider than long; costula indistinct. Fore metatarsus without apical tooth. Hind femur 3.8 × as long as wide. External surface of hind tibia with several denticular spines. Areolet pentagonal, frontal distance between veins 2 rs-m and 3 rs-m 3 × their width; vein 2 m-cu reaching its middle. Vein 1 cu-a postfurcal by 1 × its width. Postpetiole with strong latero-median carina; lateral field punctate, slightly wider than median field; median field with irregular rugae. Gastrocoelus rectangularly impressed, with strong ridges. Thyridium 0.4 × as wide as interval between thyridia. 2 nd tergite about as long as wide. 2 nd to 4 th tergites with dense coarse punctation and fine granulation, dull, 2 nd tergite ± finely rugose. Color: black. Palps in part, narrow facial and ventral half of frontal orbits, collar and hind edge of pronotum, spot on subtegular ridge and 2 apical spots on scutellum yellowish. Legs dark brownish; fore and mid femora and tibiae yellowish-brown frontally. Pterostigma dark reddish-brown. Taxonomical remark: This large specimen was described as a variety of Ichneumon percussor [recte: Virgichneumon monostagon] by KRIECHBAUMER (1894), and mentioned as belonging to this species in HORSTMANN (1997) and YU et al. (2016). I have studied this specimen in the ZSM. Due to its large size and form of propodeum (area basalis without median tubercle), it actually belongs to the Cratichneumonina sensu HEINRICH and is probably a species of Cratichneumon.	en	Riedel, Matthias (2024): The genus Virgichneumon HEINRICH in the West Palaearctic region (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae). Linzer biologische Beiträge 56 (1): 149-199, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14682094
