taxonID	type	description	language	source
03B3A531B544FFB48276FA48B9EAFAB2.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL The type materials were deposited in the collection of the Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals of the Polish Academy of Sciences (ISEA), Cracow, Poland, and in the collection of the State Museum of Natural History (SMNH) of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, L’viv, Ukraine. HOLOTYPE 1 female (ISEA 6647) USA: Indiana, Oakland City, Hugh Boyd, Patoka River National Wildlife Refuge and Management Area, 9 - V- 2008, latitude 38.3539 ° N, longitude 87.3156 ° E, elevation 133 m, deciduous growth with dominant black locust tree (Robinia pseudoacacia L.; Fabaceae) and red oak, sample of litter and rhizosphere, collected by J. Tajovský & J. Frouz. PARATYPES 2 females (ISEA 6648, SMNH 89.1), data same as holotype. Subfamily Berberentulinae Berberentulinae Berberentulinae Berberentulinae Berberentulinae Berberentulinae Berberentulinae Berberentulinae Berberentulinae Berberentulinae Nipponentominae.) available not was sequence Family Acerentomidae Acerentomidae Acerentomidae Acerentomidae Acerentomidae Acerentomidae Acerentomidae Acerentomidae Acerentomidae Acerentomidae Acerentomidae the that indicates gene S 18 rRNA aExtension afer the corresponds name specimen voucher 17 008 - ABPE — 557247 EU — 010 ABPE 17 - — — 037169 AY EU 557246 557251 EU — species to the code. dash a (analysis COI 210842 210838 210839 882820 395311 395312 395313 — 882817 882818 882823 phylogenetic KJ KJ KJ HQ KJ KJ KJ HQ HQ HQ the in 2 D used sequences S 1 D – rDNA — — — 557260 EU ABPE 009 - ABPE 010 17 — 376049 EU EF 192433 EF 192435 EU 557263 28 gene of numbers D – 3 6 rDNA D 007 17 ABPE - 17 - 008 ABPE — 557260 — - ABPE 010 17 — 376049 192433 192435 557263. code accession S 28 EU EU EF EF EU voucher and specimen proturans 17 17 17 17 to the investigated 17 - 007 008 10 - ABPE 11 ABPE 009 - 16 ABPE - 010 19 011 ABPE - 20 corresponds Continued List of () a name ABPE csp 14 noeli pyreneicus csp csp pyreneicus sinensis csp rapoporti rapoporti csp csp rapoporti densus tienmushanensis maijiawensis sinensis name species afer the. 1 Table Species Acerentulus Acerentulus Acerentulus Acerentulus Andinentulus Andinentulus Andinentulus Baculentulus Baculentulus Gracilentulus Nosekiella a Extension	en	Shrubovych, Julia, Starý, Josef, D’Haese, Cyrille A. (2017): Molecular phylogeny of Acerentomidae (Protura), with description of Acerentuloides bernardi sp. nov. from North America. Florida Entomologist 100 (2): 433-443, DOI: 10.1653/024.100.0205, URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1653/024.100.0205
03B3A531B544FFB48276FA48B9EAFAB2.taxon	description	DESCRIPTION Habitus typical for members of Acerentomidae (Fig. 24). Head setae short, cephalic seta l 3 setiform (Figs. 1 and 2), seta sd 5 thick, sensilliform (Figs. 1 and 3), setae sd 4 and d 6 absent, length ratio of posterior setae d 7: sd 7 as 1.0: 1.5 (Fig. 1). Pseudoculus circular, with short posterior extension, PR = 14 (Fig. 2). Maxillary palpus apically with tuft of setae and 4 single setae, basal sensilla slender, subequal in length (Fig. 4). Labial palpus well developed with 4 - branched apical tuft and sausage-shaped basal sensillum (Figs. 5 and 25). Maxillary gland with small elongated and weakly granulated calyx and small globular vesicles on calyx, long posterior filament with row of small globules posteriorly ending in bilobed dilation, CF = 3.7 (Fig. 6). Foretarsus with sensillum b’ present, t 1 claviform, t 3 long and finger-like, all other sensilla slender and parallel-sided (Figs. 9, 10, and 26). Sensillum a reaching base of t 2. Sensillum b longer than c, extending past base of sensillum e. Sensillum c reaching base of sensillum e. Sensillum b inserted proximally to c, sensillum d inserted between sensilla c and t 2. Sensillum a’ short, extending past base of t 2 (Fig. 26). Sensillum b’ reaching base of sensillum c’, apex of sensillum c’ not reaching base of claw. Length formula of sensilla: t 1 <t 3 <(a’ = b’) <(g = c’) <(c = t 2) <e <(a = d) <b <f. Setae β 1 and δ 4 modified, sensilliform, shorter than other δ-setae (length of β 1 = 4 μm, δ 4 = 6 μm). Pores on foretarsus near base of sensillum t 3 and between bases of sensillum c and seta α 3. Claw short, without inner tooth, empodial appendage short. BS = 0.6, TR = 3.6, EU = 0.12. Formula of chaetotaxy given in Table 2. Setae on nota strongly differing in length. Pronotal seta 1 twice the length of seta 2 (Fig. 11). Meso- and metanotal setae P 1 a and P 2 a very short, oblong (Fig. 27), P 2 a situated close to P 3, seta P 5 gemmate (Figs. 11 and 12). Length ratio of mesonotal setae P 1: P 2 = 1.0: 1.6. Seta P 4 on metanotum a short sensillum, length 3 μm (Fig. 12). Meso- and metanota with sl and al pores (Figs. 11 and 12). Thoracic sterna without pores. Setae A 2 and M 2 on prosternum and seta A 2 on thoracic sterna short, sensilliform; length of prosternal A 2 = 3 μm, of prosternal M 2 = 1 μm (Figs. 28 and 29), of meso- and metasternal A 2 = 1 μm (Figs. 13 – 15). Setae A 5 and P 2 a on tergite I, setae P 2 a and P 4 a on tergites II – VI short and sensilliform, their length 3 μm (Figs. 16, 17, and 30). Accessory setae P 1 a, P 2 a, and P 4 a on tergite VII setiform, longer, length 4 μm (Fig. 18). Seta P 3 on tergites II – VI inserted anteriorly to other setae of P-row (Fig. 17), P 3 on tergites I and VII level with oth- er setae of P-row (Figs. 16 and 18). Tergites VI – VII with connecting line in anterior part (Figs. 17 and 18). Pores psm present on tergites I – VII between setae P 1 and P 2, and close to seta P 1 a on tergite VII, al pores on tergites II – VII, psl pores on tergite VI only (Figs. 16 – 18). Abdominal legs with 4, 3, 3 setae. Subapical seta on 2 nd and 3 rd pairs of abdominal legs nearly twice the length of apical lateral seta (21 and 12 μm, respectively). Apical median seta minute, length 1 μm (Figs. 21 and 31). Accessory setae P 1 a on sternites I – VI sensilliform, on sternite VII setiform, short, P 1 a length on sternites I ‒ VII 3 μm (Figs. 20, 22, 23, and 31 – 33). Sternites VI – VII with a connecting line in anterior region (Figs. 22 and 23). Sternites II – V with asymmetrical spsm pore (Fig. 20). Sternite VI with spsm pores, 2 near each other and 1 close to base of seta P 1 (Figs. 22 and 32); sternite VII with spm pore (Fig. 23) or in 1 paratype with asymmetrical spsm pore between setae P 1 and P 1 a (Fig. 33). Abdominal segment VIII with well-developed striate band (Figs. 19 and 34). Pore psm without accompanying teeth (Fig. 19). Posterior margin of sternite VIII and laterotergites smooth (Figs. 23 and 34). Comb on tergite VIII with 8 – 9 short teeth (Fig. 7). Sternites IX – XII with smooth hind margin; setae 1 about one-third length of setae 2 (Figs. 23 and 34). Segment XII with medial pore on dorsal lobe and pair of sternal anterolateral pores. Female squama genitalis with short, forked acrostyli (Fig. 8). Males unknown. Body measurement (3 females): body length 1,100 μm; head 130 – 134 μm; pseudoculus 9 μm, lever 1 μm; posterior part of maxillary gland 35 μm; head setae d 7 = 11 μm, sd 7 = 16 μm, l 3 = 6 μm; pronotal setae 1 = 25 μm, 2 = 12 μm, mesonotal setae P 1 = 19 – 20 μm, P 1 a = 1 μm, P 2 = 30 – 31 μm; foretarsus 90 μm, claw 25 μm, empodial appendage 3 μm.	en	Shrubovych, Julia, Starý, Josef, D’Haese, Cyrille A. (2017): Molecular phylogeny of Acerentomidae (Protura), with description of Acerentuloides bernardi sp. nov. from North America. Florida Entomologist 100 (2): 433-443, DOI: 10.1653/024.100.0205, URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1653/024.100.0205
03B3A531B544FFB48276FA48B9EAFAB2.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY The new species is cordially dedicated to our colleague and eminent zoologist, Prof. Dr. Ernest C. Bernard.	en	Shrubovych, Julia, Starý, Josef, D’Haese, Cyrille A. (2017): Molecular phylogeny of Acerentomidae (Protura), with description of Acerentuloides bernardi sp. nov. from North America. Florida Entomologist 100 (2): 433-443, DOI: 10.1653/024.100.0205, URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1653/024.100.0205
03B3A531B544FFB48276FA48B9EAFAB2.taxon	discussion	REMARKS The habitus of the new species is very similar to A. confinis (Figs. 24 and 35). The species is characterized by absence of seta sd 4 and additional seta d 6 on head, absence of seta P 1 a on abdominal tergites I – VI, presence of seta Pc on sternite VII, short sensillum a reaching to the base of sensillum t 2, long foretarsal sensilla b and f, sensillum c shorter than b, short and slender sensilla a’, b’ and c’, and presence of psl pores on tergite VI only. Acerentuloides bernardi sp. nov. is similar to A. americanus in the shape of the maxillary gland, presence of a minute apical medial seta on abdominal legs II and III, shape of the comb and the length of foretarsal setae a, b’ and c’ (Ewing 1921, 1940; Bonet & Tuxen 1960). The new species differs in possessing seta Pc on sternite VII and in the shape of foretarsal sensillum t 3 (lancet-like in A. americanus, finger-like in the new species). Foretarsal sensillum b is longer than c and clearly surpasses the base of seta γ 3 in the new species, whereas in A. americanus sensillum b is shorter and does not reach the base of γ 3; in Canadian specimens of A. americanus sensilla b and c are of equal length (Nosek & McEwan Kevan 1984) and sensillum a’ is longer and extends past the base of sensillum t 2. In addition, the new species has a smooth, globular vesicle on the maxillary gland, whereas Canadian specimens of A. americanus have a granulated appendix on the calyx (Nosek & McEwan Kevan 1984). MOLECULAR ANALYSIS Unfortunately, DNA was not retrieved from specimens of A. bernardi sp. nov. However, the sequencing of A. confinis, a species from a closely related genus, was successful. A 658 bp fragment of the COI gene (DNA barcode) as well as 1,541 bp of the 18 S rRNA and 971 bp of the 28 S rDNA D 1 – D 2 were amplified and sequenced from a specimen collected in the USA. To complete the COI data sets previously published (Shrubovych et al. 2012, 2014 b, 2014 c), other Acerentulus and Andinentulus species were amplified for 18 S rRNA: Acerentulus charrieri Shrubovych, Schneider & D’Haese, 2012, A. noeli Shrubovych, Schneider & D’Haese, 2014., A. pyreneicus Shrubovych, Schneider & D’Haese, 2014, and Andinentulus rapoporti (Condé, 1963); 28 S rDNA D 1 – D 2: A. noeli and Andinentulus rapoporti (2 different specimens); 28 S rDNA D 3 – D 6: A. charrieri (2 different specimens), A. noeli (2 different specimens), A. pyreneicus, and Andinentulus rapoporti. The sequences were deposited in BOLD under accession numbers ABPE 002 - 17 - ABPE 011 - 17 (see Table 1). The concatenated data (COI, 18 S rRNA, 28 S rDNA D 1 – D 2, and 28 S rDNA D 3 – D 6) consist of a total alignment length of 4,438 bp for 55 terminal taxa (27 species). The ML inference and direct optimization parsimony phylogenies all showed consistent agreement among topologies. The only real difference is the position of Nosekiella + Huashanentulus sister group of Acerella in the ML analysis and sister group of the rest of Acerentominae in parsimony. Here we show the ML tree (Fig. 41).	en	Shrubovych, Julia, Starý, Josef, D’Haese, Cyrille A. (2017): Molecular phylogeny of Acerentomidae (Protura), with description of Acerentuloides bernardi sp. nov. from North America. Florida Entomologist 100 (2): 433-443, DOI: 10.1653/024.100.0205, URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1653/024.100.0205
