taxonID	type	description	language	source
03BB213F2253FF8D54EF6858FE30FE5B.taxon	description	Egg and miracidium (gure 2 A, B). Eggs clear and operculate, unembryonated when laid. Intra-uterin e dimensions of eggs are 58 – 74 (67) Ö 36 – 46 (40). Miracidium body (about 120 Ö 65) covered with epidermal cells arranged in four rows having 6, 6, 4, 2 cells from anterior to posterior end. One apical gland and two penetration glands opening at anterior end. X-shaped eye spot in the end of the rst anterior quarter. Excretory system comprises two ame cells on either side of body, two excretory ducts with two excretory pores. Sporocyst (gure 2 C, D). Sporocyst often pyriform 200 – 265 (228) Ö 104 – 160 (133), always attached to blood vessel between heart ventricle and aorta of the snail host, generally containing one redia and three or four germ balls. Redia (gure 2 E, F). Second generation of rediae white and elongate 690 – 1600 (970) long by 173 – 330 (254) wide according to age. Anterior conspicuous collar. Muscular pharynx 35 – 67 (55) Ö 30 – 60 (45). Saccular gut contained black granulations. Two strong locomotor appendages in equatorial zone. Often less than 10 cercariae inside. Birth pore behind muscular collar. Cercaria (gure 3 A, B). Body 228 – 422 (306) Ö 103 – 165 (133) in size. A total of 37 collar spines arranged as in adult. Oral sucker 40 – 59 (47) Ö 45 – 56 (50). Acetabulum in posterior half of body 45 – 67 (54) in diameter. Six penetration gland cells opening behind dorsal lip of oral sucker. Six paraoesophageal gland cells opening anteriorly through six pores arranged bilaterally in two groups of two ventral and one lateral. Granular cystogeneous cells extend from pharynx to posterior extremity of body. Pharynx 14 – 31 (20) Ö 20 – 34 (25). Oesophagus consisting of seven cells, bifurcating anterior to acetabulum to form two curved caeca extending almost to posterior part of body. Excretory system consists on each side of one thin descending duct forming a loop at pharynx level and one ascending dilated duct lled with large refractile granules in anterior half of body. Latter duct arrives into anterior part of bipartite excretory vesicle. Vesicle opens into duct which passes through anterior quarter of tail, bifurcates and opens laterally via two excretory pores. Eighten pairs of ame cells. Tail 325 – 499 (419) long with nger like narrowing at tip 81 – 116 (99). Six n folds, two dorsal (one anterior, one posterior), two ventral (one anterior, one posterior) and two lateral near the end of the tail, diYcult to see. Numerous cilia on the body and the tail. Metacercaria (gure 3 C). Metacercarial cyst 142 – 150 (146) in diameter. Outer cyst wall 10 – 15 (13) thick.	en	Kechemir, Nadia, Jourdane, Joseph, Mas-Coma, Santiago (2002): Life cycle of a new African echinostome species reproducing by parthenogenesis. Journal of Natural History 36 (15): 1777-1784, DOI: 10.1080/00222930110062633, URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00222930110062633
