identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
046B87D8FFB55540FF36FB19FAE3F9A1.text	046B87D8FFB55540FF36FB19FAE3F9A1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tortella splendida Kockinger & Hedenas, Lindbergia 2023	<div><p>Tortella splendida Köckinger &amp; Hedenäs, Lindbergia 2023 (e24903): 20, 8G–J, 11. 2023. Fig. 2, 6B, G.</p><p>Plants medium-sized to large, on loose or dense cushions, light green, yellowish-green or rusty-brownish. Stems to 6 cm long, irregularly branched, densely foliose, weakly tomentose, round in transverse section, without central strand. Leaves 3.0–4.5(–7).0× 0.6–1.2 mm, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, with length:width ratio 5–7:1, lower leaves erect-spreading when dry, upper leaves incurved and slightly twisted; erect-spreading to widely spreading when wet, straight from above view, limbs gradually narrowed upwards, narrowly acuminate at apex, not cucullate, canaliculate distally; leaf bases short or elongate-rectangular, not or slightly widened, without distinct shoulders; leaf margins plane or widely incurved distally, entire, not undulate; costa strong, (75–) 100–150(–200) µm wide at leaf base, gradually tapering distally, excurrent into short, weakly denticulate mucro, with quadrate, papillose cells on ventral surface from above base, with elongate, smooth cells on dorsal surface or with few spinulae, in transverse section with 1(2) layers of guide cells, 2 stereid bands, differentiated ventral epidermis and weakly differentiated dorsal epidermis; lamina unistratose, rarely with few bistratose spots; upper and median laminal cells rounded-quadrate, 7– 11 (–13) µm wide, thick-walled, densely papillose, papillae low, obscuring cell walls; basal laminal cells oblong-rectangular, thick- or moderately thin-walled, smooth, yellowish, basal marginal cells often narrower than central and juxtacostal cells; boundary between basal and limb cells usually gradual, U-shaped, rarer abrupt, V-shaped. Dioicous, sporophytes unknown.</p><p>Distribution and ecology. Tortella splendida is an arcto-alpine species, occuring in Asian and North American Arctic regions, in the mountains of Central Europe (Köckinger &amp; Hedenäs, 2023), Caucasus (Kuznetsova et al., 2023), southern Siberia, Russian Far East (our data), China (Eckel, 2007), and in North America in Colorado and Maine (Eckel, 2007). It is common in northern Taimyr and Chukotka, especially on Vrangel Island. It grows on gravelly soil, in niches between rocks of rockfields, rock crevices, on rocks outcrops, especially in areas with calcareous bedrocks; it also occurs along brooks and in polygonal and spotty tundra, where it forms large pure fufts or grows among other mosses.</p><p>Differentiation. Tortella splendida is similar to T. tortuosa in having leaves with costa papillose on ventral surface and stems lacking central strand. However, its leaves are straight when wet (usually sigmoid and often secund in T. tortuosa); their limbs are gradually narrowing from above base (limbs have parallel margins for a long distance in T. tortuosa); leaf margins are not wavy (usually strongly wavy in T. tortuosa); transition between basal and limb cells is gradual (mostly abrupt, V-shaped in T. tortuosa), elongate basal cells do not extending high along leaf margins (reach far up in T. tortuosa); it also has less tomentose stems (often densely tomentose in T. tortuosa). Basal cells are usually yellowish in arctic plants of T. splendida, contrary to white basal cells of T. tortuosa . Unlike T. splendida, T. tortuosa never possess two layers of guide cells in costa. There is some similarity in leaf shape between T. splendida and T. cuspidatissima, but the latter species can be readily separated by having leaf costae smooth ventrally and stems with weak central strand. Also in T. s plendida on average cells in the upper part of the leaf are smaller (7–11 µm vs 11–16 µm in T. cuspidatissima) and costa is wider (100–150(–200) µm vs 50–100 (120) µm in T. cuspidatissima).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/046B87D8FFB55540FF36FB19FAE3F9A1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ignatova, E. A.;Czernyadjeva, I. V.;Fedorova, A. V.;Fedosov, V. E.	Ignatova, E. A., Czernyadjeva, I. V., Fedorova, A. V., Fedosov, V. E. (2024): On the genus Tortella (Pottiaceae, Bryophyta) in Russian arctic. Arctoa 33 (2): 195-209, DOI: 10.15298/arctoa.33.20, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/arctoa.33.20
046B87D8FFB5554EFCBCF990FDBFFB41.text	046B87D8FFB5554EFCBCF990FDBFFB41.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tortella spitsbergensis (Bizot & Ther.) O. Werner, Kockinger & Ros	<div><p>Tortella spitsbergensis (Bizot &amp; Thér.) O. Werner, Köckinger &amp; Ros, Nova Hedwigia 98(3–4): 287. 2014. — Grimmia spitsbergensis Bizot &amp; Thér., Bull. Sci. Bourgogne 5: 70. 71. 1935. Fig. 3, 6D, I.</p><p>Plants medium-sized to large, in dense tufts, yellowish-green or brownish, dull. Stems to 6 cm long, irregularly branched, densely or sparsely foliate, more or less tomentose, triangular or round in transverse section, with large, sharply delimited central strand, consisting of small, thinner-walled cells. Leaves (2.0–)2.5–3.5(–4.0) × 0.4–0.7 mm, with ovate bases and lanceolate limbs, contorted and twisted when dry, erect-spreading, often with recurved acumina when wet, sigmoid, gradually tapered distally, narrowly acuminate, not cucullate at apex; widely keeled in midleaf; leaf bases wide-elliptic, well differentiated, wider than limb, with or without distinct shoulders; margins plane in mid-leaf and widely incurved above, entire, slightly wavy; costa strong, 50–75(–110) µm wide at leaf base, gradually tapering upwards, on ventral and dorsal surfaces with elongate, smooth cells, excurrent into long, smooth mucro, in transverse section with 1 layer of guide cells, two stereid bands, ventral epidermis not or weakly differentiated, dorsal epidermis differentiated; lamina unistratose; upper and median laminal cells rounded-quadrate and transverse elliptical, 8– 11(–13) µm wide, thick-walled, densely papillose, papillae low, not obscuring cells walls; laminal cells in central and juxtacostal part of leaf base elongate-rectangular, thick-walled, smooth, yellowish, basal marginal cells considerably shorter and wider in the widest part of leaf base, forming pellucid area; transition from smooth basal cells and papillose limb cells gradual, border W-shaped, smooth cells reach into limb higher near costa than at leaf margins. Dioicous, sporophytes unknown.</p><p>Distribution and ecology. This species was described from Spitzbergen (Norway). In Russian handbooks and check-lists it was provided under the name Trichostomum cuspidatissimum (Savicz-Lyubitskaya &amp; Smirnova, 1970; Ignatov et al., 2006). Werner et al. (2014) also confirmed the presence of Tortella spitzbergensis Canada (Newfoundland) and in Russia (Arctic Siberia and Chukotka). In the course of our study, we found it to occur on Novaya Zemlya and being common on Northern Taimyr and Chukotka. Outside Arctic, it is known in Russia in Anabar Plateau, Yakutia, Magadan Province, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk and Zabaikalsky Territories, Buryatia and Tyva. It grows in wet arctic and mountain tundra, boggy sites, on rocky slopes, screes, wet rock outcrops, often on calcareous rocks.</p><p>Differentiation. Tortella spitzbergensis differs from all other species of the genus in having large, sharply delimited stem central strand; it is formed of very thin-walled, numerous small cells surrounded by firm-walled cells of central cylinder. Presence of stem central strand, costa smooth on ventral surface, leaves with wide-ovate bases and comparatively short, lanceolate acumina differentiate T. spitzbergensis from T. splendida . Tortella cuspidatissima possesses stem central strand, but the small one; it also has gradual transition between basal and limb cells, but its juxtacostal basal cells reach into the limb at the same height as the marginal ones; its basal marginal cells are only slightly wider than central cells, of the same width or narrower.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/046B87D8FFB5554EFCBCF990FDBFFB41	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ignatova, E. A.;Czernyadjeva, I. V.;Fedorova, A. V.;Fedosov, V. E.	Ignatova, E. A., Czernyadjeva, I. V., Fedorova, A. V., Fedosov, V. E. (2024): On the genus Tortella (Pottiaceae, Bryophyta) in Russian arctic. Arctoa 33 (2): 195-209, DOI: 10.15298/arctoa.33.20, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/arctoa.33.20
046B87D8FFBB554EFF36FB30FB49F981.text	046B87D8FFBB554EFF36FB30FB49F981.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tortella cuspidatissima (Cardot & Ther.)	<div><p>Tortella cuspidatissima (Cardot &amp; Thér.) O. Wern- er, Köckinger &amp; Ros, Nova Hedwigia 98(3–4): 287. 2014. — Trichostomum cuspidatissimum Cardot &amp; Thér., Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci. 4: 302. 13 f. 4. 1902. Fig. 4, 6 C, H .</p><p>Plants medium-sized to large, in loose or dense tufts or cushions, yellowish-green or brownish. Stems to 6 cm long, irregularly branching, densely foliate, weakly tomentose, round in transverse section, with weak, occasionally indistinct or, rarely, absent central strand. Leaves 2.5–3.5(–4.0)× 0.7–0.9 mm, linear-lanceolate, with length:width ratio 4–6:1, flexuose, occasionally slightly twisted when dry, erect-spreading or patent when wet, sigmoid, limb gradually tapered, narrowly acuminate, not cucullate, keeled above; leaf bases short rectangular or ovate, slightly widened, with indistinct or distinct shoulders; margins plane in mid-leaf, widely incurved above, entire, slightly wavy; costa moderately strong, 50–100 (–120) µm wide at leaf base, gradually narrowing distally, on ventral and dorsal surfaces with elongate, smooth cells, excurrent into moderately long, smooth or weakly denticulate mucro, in transverse section with one layer of guide cells, two stereid bands, ventral epidermis differentiated, dorsal epidermis weakly differentiated; lamina unistratose; upper and median laminal cells rounded-quadrate, (7–)11– 14(–16) µm wide, thick-walled, densely papillose, papillae low, obscuring cell walls; basal laminal cells elongate-rectangular, moderately thick-walled, smooth, yellowish, reaching into the limb at equal height near costa and at margins, gradually transiting into limb cells; basal marginal cells wider or narrower than central basal cells. Dioicous, sporophytes unknown.</p><p>Distribution and ecology. Tortella cuspidatissima was described from Hall Island near NW coast of North America, which remains its only known locality in this continent. Werner et al. (2014) considered it as a species of hybrid origin with parent species T. arctica (= T. splendida) and T. spitzbergensis . They also found it in Sweden. Köckinger &amp; Hedenäs (2023) referred to T. cuspidatissima type specimens of T. arctica from the lower course of Lena River. We also found it in herbarium collections from Chukotka and Vrangel Island. It grows on soil in wet arctic tundra, on moist calcareous rocks with soil layer, along streams, and on pebbly sea shore terrace.</p><p>Differentiation. Tortella cuspidatissima differs from T. tortuosa and T. splendida by presence of stem central strand (though occasionally indistinct) and smooth costa on ventral surface, and from the former species also by gradual transition between basal and limb cells. Small central strand, 2–4 cells wide, differentiates T. cuspidatissima from T. spitzbergensis (in the latter species central strand is usually very conspicuous, large, 7–14 cells wide, only very rarely +small). In T. cuspidatissima stems are round in transverse section, while in T. spitzbergensis they are triangular in outline. Basal cells reach into the limb at equal height at margins and near costa in T. cuspidatissima, but higher near costa in T. spitzbergensis . In T. cuspidatissima basal marginal cells are narrower or lightly wider than central cells, whereas in T. spitzbergensis several marginal cell rows at leaf base are distinctly wider and shorter, forming pellucid area. An additional character is the width of upper and median laminal cells: (7–)11–14(–16) µm in T. cuspidatissima vs. 8–11(–13) µm in T. spitzbergensis . Tortella fleischeri, with also posesses weak central strand and costae smooth ventrally, can be distinguished by abrupt transition between basal and limb cells (Fig. 6).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/046B87D8FFBB554EFF36FB30FB49F981	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ignatova, E. A.;Czernyadjeva, I. V.;Fedorova, A. V.;Fedosov, V. E.	Ignatova, E. A., Czernyadjeva, I. V., Fedorova, A. V., Fedosov, V. E. (2024): On the genus Tortella (Pottiaceae, Bryophyta) in Russian arctic. Arctoa 33 (2): 195-209, DOI: 10.15298/arctoa.33.20, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/arctoa.33.20
046B87D8FFBB554BFCBCF9F0FDABFAAE.text	046B87D8FFBB554BFCBCF9F0FDABFAAE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tortella fleischeri (E. Bauer) J. J. Amann, Beitr. Kryptogamenfl.	<div><p>Tortella fleischeri (E. Bauer) J.J. Amann, Beitr. Kryptogamenfl. Schweiz 7(2): 30. 1933. – Trichostomum fleischeri E. Bauer, Musci Eur. Exsic. 15: no. 741. 1910. Fig. 5, 6E, J.</p><p>Plants small to medium-sized, in dense, easily separated tufts, light-green, yellowish-green or rusty-brownish. Stems to 6 cm long, irregularly branched, densely foliate, weakly tomentose, round or triangular in transverse section, with distinct or weak central strand. Leaves 2.0–5.0(–7.0)×0.5–1.0 mm, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, with length:width ratio 4–7:1, twisted around their axis or contorted when dry, erect-spreading to recurved when wet, occasionally secund, sigmoid, limbs gradually narrowed distally, narrow acuminate at apex, not cucullate, keeled above; leaf bases quadrate, moderately widened; margins plane in mid-leaf, widely incurved above, entire, wavy; costa strong, 60–140 µm wide at base, gradually narrowing distally, with elongate, smooth cells on ventral surface at least in midleaf, on dorsal surface with elongate, not papillose cells, with few spinulae, excurrent into long, sharply dentate mucro, in transverse section in 1 layer of guide cells, 2 stereid bands, with narrow band of undifferentiated ventral epidermis in the centre, dorsal epidermis not differentiated; lamina unistratose; upper and median laminal cells rounded-quadrate, 8–12 µm wide, thick-walled, densely papillose, papillae massive, not obscuring cell walls; basal laminal cells elongate-rectangular, moderately thick- or thin-walled, smooth, hyaline or yellowish; transition between basal and limb cells abrupt, V-shaped, or more or less gradual, U-shaped. Dioicous, sporophytes very rare, in the territory of Russia unknown.</p><p>Distribution and ecology. This species was described from Austria. Köckinger &amp; Hedenäs (2023) characterize it as calciphilous and cryophilous species, usually growing above tree line. Outside the Alps, they report it from Slovakia, Montenegro, and Scotland, considering its presence in the latter locality as surprising, as it is usually substituted in the north of Europe by ecologically similar T. cuspidatissima and T. spitzbergensis . Nevertheless, in Russia it was discovered in the northeastern European part, where T. cuspidatissima was not found and T. spitzbergensis was recorded only on Novaya Zemlya. Tortella fleischeri was identified in collections from Nenetz Autonomous district, on Yugorsky Peninsula and Vaigach Island. It was also revealed in collections from Novaya Zemlya (belongs to Arkhangelsk Province) and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District in the north of West Siberia.</p><p>According to the label data, Tortella fleischeri grew on gravely substrate in different types of tundra.</p><p>Differentiation. Specimens from Russia were stored in herbaria under the names T. tortuosa and T. cf. arctica . From both these species T. fleischeri differs by presence of stem central strand (however, sometimes indistinct) and narrow strip of smooth cells along ventral surface of costa. From T. cuspidatissima and T. spitzbergensis, which also have stem central strand and costa smooth ventrally, T. fleischeri (at least specimens from Russian Arctic) differ in having abrupt, V- or U-shaped transition between basal and limb cells (Fig. 6).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/046B87D8FFBB554BFCBCF9F0FDABFAAE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ignatova, E. A.;Czernyadjeva, I. V.;Fedorova, A. V.;Fedosov, V. E.	Ignatova, E. A., Czernyadjeva, I. V., Fedorova, A. V., Fedosov, V. E. (2024): On the genus Tortella (Pottiaceae, Bryophyta) in Russian arctic. Arctoa 33 (2): 195-209, DOI: 10.15298/arctoa.33.20, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/arctoa.33.20
046B87D8FFBE554BFF68FAE6FA99FBEE.text	046B87D8FFBE554BFF68FAE6FA99FBEE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tortella tortuosa (Hedw.) Limpr., Laubm. Deutschl.	<div><p>Tortella tortuosa (Hedw.) Limpr., Laubm. Deutschl. 1: 604. 1888. — Tortula tortuosa Hedw., Sp. Musc. Frond. 124. 1801.</p><p>This species is widespread throughout Holarctic (it is absent only in areas without rocky substrates), as well as in Central and South America. It is common in mountain areas of Russia and found in some its lowland provinces. However, in Russian Arctic it is substituted by other species of the genus: Tortella fleischeri in European part and Novaya Zemlya, T. splendida, T. cuspidatissima, and T. spitzbergensis in Asian sector of the Arctic, except Chukotka, where it is not rare and may co-occur with aforementioned species. Few specimens from Polar Ural (Yamalo-Nenetz Autonomous District) also belong to T. tortuosa . This species is readily recognized by combination of such characters as stems lacking central strand; leaves with parallel margins at mid-leaf, contorted and crisped when dry, wavy at margins, with costa papillose on ventral surface, and usually thin-walled, hyaline basal cells, abruptly delimited from limb cells with v-shaped boundary, reaching high up along margins. Its distinctions from other species of the genus occurring in Rissian Arctic are discussed in comments to these species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/046B87D8FFBE554BFF68FAE6FA99FBEE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ignatova, E. A.;Czernyadjeva, I. V.;Fedorova, A. V.;Fedosov, V. E.	Ignatova, E. A., Czernyadjeva, I. V., Fedorova, A. V., Fedosov, V. E. (2024): On the genus Tortella (Pottiaceae, Bryophyta) in Russian arctic. Arctoa 33 (2): 195-209, DOI: 10.15298/arctoa.33.20, URL: https://doi.org/10.15298/arctoa.33.20
