identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
0E2C87B2AE1BB513FDDEFC38FD0BFC42.text	0E2C87B2AE1BB513FDDEFC38FD0BFC42.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Loboclina Grishin 2019	<div><p>Subtribe Loboclina Grishin, 2019</p><p>Type genus: Lobocla Moore, 1884 .</p><p>ZooBank registration: C606FC35-323D-4E55-AF5A-A86C6366BAFA</p><p>Diagnosis: The subtribe was defined as a clade from about 30 Mya that contains the genus Lobocla, and putatively synapomorphic DNA characters for this clade were given (Li et al., 2019). Phenotypically, species in this subtribe would key to B. 4 in Evans (1949) or C.5, C.10a, C.15.2 or C. 18 in Evans (1953). Genera in this tribe are unified by the long forewing cell, at least 2/3 of costa, lobed or tailed hindwing, short, non-divergent palpi with the 2nd segment touching the face and the 3rd not protruding beyond the 2nd (except Zestusa). Most genera could be diagnosed by single character and possible synapomorphy: broadly arcuate antennal clubs (Fig. 2). Additionally, hyaline spot in forewing cell R 2 -R 3 present even in species with hooked antennae. In species with hooked antennae that lack the spot, genitalic valvae asymmetrical and very broad. Typically (except Aguna), valvae rather broad, somewhat rectangular, with harpe narrow, long upturned, hook-like, leaving a deep space between harpe and ampulla, uncus divided.</p><p>Genera included: Aguna R. Williams, 1927, Zeutus Grishin, 2019, Lobocla Moore, 1884, Lobotractus Grishin, 2019, Codatractus Lindsey, 1921, Zestusa Lindsey, 1925, Ridens Evans, 1952, and Venada Evans, 1952 .</p><p>Parent Taxon: Tribe Eudamini Mabille, 1877 .</p><p>Type genus: Cephise Evans, 1952 .</p><p>ZooBank registration: 22B59811-F174-4FDF-A9D2-799897F4D44E</p><p>Diagnosis: The subtribe was defined as a clade from about 30 Mya that contains the genus Cephise, and putatively synapomorphic DNA characters for this clade were given (Li et al., 2019). Phenotypically, species in this subtribe would be diagnosed by "genitalia and palpi as described by Burns (1996: 182-183) for Cephise " (Li et al., 2019). Note that this statement refers to the characters of genitalia and palpi (they are "as described... for Cephise "), not to the genus Cephise . Thus, the referenced publication could have been describing the characters of any other genus. Not the genus is relevant here, but the characters themselves, some of which are the following: uniquely short, truncate uncus with a couple of teeth at each distal corner, harpe extending distad, separated from the valva by a U-shaped notch; the first segment of palpi below the eyes with a shelf-like projection of scales that looks like a triangle below the eyes (Fig. 3), more developed in males than in females.</p><p>Genera included: Cephise Evans, 1952 .</p><p>Parent Taxon: Tribe Eudamini Mabille, 1877 .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E2C87B2AE1BB513FDDEFC38FD0BFC42	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grishin, Nick V.	Grishin, Nick V. (2019): Expanded phenotypic diagnoses for 24 recently named new taxa of Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey 8 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16420956
0E2C87B2AE1CB512FDE9FC38FCDCFCAC.text	0E2C87B2AE1CB512FDE9FC38FCDCFCAC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Telemiadina Grishin 2019	<div><p>Subtribe Telemiadina Grishin, 2019</p><p>Type genus: Telemiades Hübner, [1819] .</p><p>ZooBank registration: 4AE0E59C-8B92-4C84-8651-E7A1C45C93C1</p><p>Diagnosis: The subtribe was defined as a clade from about 30 Mya that contains the genus Telemiades, and putatively synapomorphic DNA characters for this clade were given (Li et al., 2019). Phenotypically, species in this subtribe would key to B.2, C.3, C.7a (exclude C.7.6b), E.6a, or E. 9 in Evans (1952, 1953). Includes a phenotypically diverse array of Hesperiidae that were not brought together before this study and do not possess an obvious phenotypic synapomorphy. Many species included here have a prominent tuft of long scales from a polished area near the base and inner margin of forewing below, and correspondingly widened costal area of hindwing to cover the tuft (Fig. 4). No such tufts on hindwing. If forewing tufts missing then forewing apex not truncate, recurrent vein in the discal cell on forewing present and ends at the origin of vein M 3 (not before it), no spot in cell R 2 -R 3, antennae angled (bent beyond ticker part of club), discal cell about 2/3 of costa length. If discal cell longer, about 3/4 of costa, then antennae hooked, short, not reaching the origin of vein CuA 1, and no hyaline spots around mid costa or in cell CuA2-1A+2A.</p><p>Genera included: Ectomis Mabille, 1878, Telemiades Hübner, [1819], and Polygonus Hübner, [1825] .</p><p>Parent Taxon: Tribe Eudamini Mabille, 1877 .</p><p>Type genus: Oileides Hübner, [1825] .</p><p>ZooBank registration: CF9C3D29-523A-4D17-B140-9A69CFA98731</p><p>Diagnosis: The tribe was defined as a clade from about 40-45 Mya that contains the genus Oileides, and putatively synapomorphic DNA characters for this clade were given (Li et al., 2019). Phenotypically, species in this tribe would key to C.6, D.9.2a, D.9.4, E.2, E.4, E.5b, or E. 10 in Evans (1952, 1953). A possible synapomorphy of the group: tufts of longer scales placed in a groove at the base of hindwing near anal fold. The tufts present either on dorsal or ventral side (Fig. 5), but not both. If tufts below, then antennae bent not beyond the thickest part of the club, the club more slender and uncus divided.</p><p>Genera included: Oileides Hübner, [1825], Typhedanus A. Butler, 1870, Oechydrus E. Watson, 1893, Cogia A. Butler, 1870, Nerula Mabille, 1888, and Marela Mabille, 1903 .</p><p>Parent Taxon: Subfamily Eudaminae Mabille, 1877 .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E2C87B2AE1CB512FDE9FC38FCDCFCAC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grishin, Nick V.	Grishin, Nick V. (2019): Expanded phenotypic diagnoses for 24 recently named new taxa of Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey 8 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16420956
0E2C87B2AE1DB512FDF0FCAEFD3DF9ED.text	0E2C87B2AE1DB512FDF0FCAEFD3DF9ED.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Typhedanina Grishin 2019	<div><p>Subtribe Typhedanina Grishin, 2019</p><p>Type genus: Typhedanus Butler, 1870 .</p><p>ZooBank registration: B4D56F93-67F9-476F-B69C-133D98BFBD58</p><p>Diagnosis: The subtribe was defined as a clade from about 30 Mya that contains the genus Typhedanus, and putatively synapomorphic DNA characters for this clade were given (Li et al., 2019). Phenotypically, species in this subtribe would key to C.6, E.2, E.4, E.5b, or E. 10 in Evans (1952, 1953). Diagnosed by tufts of longer scales placed in a groove at the base of hindwing near anal fold, on dorsal side (Fig. 6), no tufts on ventral side.</p><p>Genera included: Typhedanus A. Butler, 1870, Oechydrus E. Watson, 1893, Cogia A. Butler, 1870, Nerula Mabille, 1888, and Marela Mabille, 1903 .</p><p>Parent Taxon: Tribe Oileidini Grishin, 2019 .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E2C87B2AE1DB512FDF0FCAEFD3DF9ED	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grishin, Nick V.	Grishin, Nick V. (2019): Expanded phenotypic diagnoses for 24 recently named new taxa of Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey 8 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16420956
0E2C87B2AE1DB511FDE5F9EFFCDDFD78.text	0E2C87B2AE1DB511FDE5F9EFFCDDFD78.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Netrocorynini Grishin 2019	<div><p>Tribe Netrocorynini Grishin, 2019</p><p>Type genus: Netrocoryne C. &amp; R. Felder, [1867] .</p><p>ZooBank registration: DE61F048-02CF-4F8E-9392-D18A4618BABD</p><p>Diagnosis: The tribe was defined as a clade from about 40-45 Mya that contains the genus Netrocoryne, and putatively synapomorphic DNA characters for this clade were given (Li et al., 2019). Phenotypically, species in this tribe would key to B.2, C.1, or C. 15 in Evans (1949). Unexpected assemblage of genera without obvious synapomorphies (Fig. 72). Previously placed in tribe Tagiadini Mabille, 1878, but can be distinguished from them by the following somewhat convoluted combination of choices. If palpi erect, then mid and hind tibiae without spines and antennae not less than half of costa length in males, forewing vein M 3 originates midway between veins CuA 1 and M 1 (not M 2). If palpi porrect, then antennal club not flattened or twisted, apiculus tapered to a point (not blunt), palpi long, sometimes longer than head, and if club angled or hooked towards apiculus, then forewing cell not sorter than outer margin, forewing produced and truncate at apex, and hindwing produced at the end of vein 3; if the club arcuate or obtuse from the thickest part, then apiculus short, nudum with less than 17 segments, and hindwing costa produced at apex and longer than outer margin.</p><p>Genera included: Netrocoryne C. Felder &amp; R. Felder, [1867],</p><p>Chaetocneme Felder 1860, and Exometoeca Meyrick, 1888 .</p><p>Parent Taxon: Subfamily Tagiadinae Mabille, 1878 .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E2C87B2AE1DB511FDE5F9EFFCDDFD78	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grishin, Nick V.	Grishin, Nick V. (2019): Expanded phenotypic diagnoses for 24 recently named new taxa of Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey 8 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16420956
0E2C87B2AE1EB511FDA4FD12FC8BFA96.text	0E2C87B2AE1EB511FDA4FD12FC8BFA96.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Jerini Grishin 2019	<div><p>Tribe Jerini Grishin, 2019</p><p>Type genus: Jera Lindsey, 1925 .</p><p>ZooBank registration: AF3B5CEA-880A-4CB2-AF40-E6D87C39C040</p><p>Diagnosis: The tribe was defined as a clade from about 40-45 Mya that contains the genus Jera, and putatively synapomorphic DNA characters for this clade were given (Li et al., 2019). Phenotypically, species in this tribe would key to E. 3 in Evans (1953) and can be distinguished from all other Hesperiidae by unique wing shape (Fig. 8): forewing outer margin concave in the cell M 3 -CuA 1, hindwing produced with a short and stout bifurcated tail extending cell CuA 1 -CuA 2 and a lobe at tornus, antennal club blunt without apiculus, palpi long, forewing cell longer than 3/5 of costa.</p><p>Genera included: Jera Lindsey, 1925 .</p><p>Parent Taxon: Subfamily Pyrrhopyginae Mabille, 1877 .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E2C87B2AE1EB511FDA4FD12FC8BFA96	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grishin, Nick V.	Grishin, Nick V. (2019): Expanded phenotypic diagnoses for 24 recently named new taxa of Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey 8 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16420956
0E2C87B2AE1EB510FDEFFA74FCC9FD55.text	0E2C87B2AE1EB510FDEFFA74FCC9FD55.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pythonidina Grishin 2019	<div><p>Subtribe Pythonidina Grishin, 2019</p><p>Type genus: Pythonides Hübner, [1819] .</p><p>ZooBank registration:</p><p>CB890271-5483-4B5A-A7BC-27DBC5E23DE5</p><p>Diagnosis: The subtribe was defined as a clade from about 30 Mya that contains the genus Pythonides, and putatively synapomorphic DNA characters for this clade were given (Li et al., 2019). Phenotypically, species in this subtribe would key to E.44a, E.49.1, or, if uncus undivided, then to E.37a or 40d in Evans (1953). A heterogeneous assembly of mostly small and frequently brightly patterned Hesperiidae not easily diagnosed morphologically. In all genera, palpi porrect, antennae not shorter than 1/2 costa, forewing without recurrent vein and hindwing costal margin not shorter than anal margin. Includes two subgroups by uncus morphology. If (1) uncus deeply divided (Fig. 9), then 3rd segment of palpi as long as 2nd segment, antennal club nearly arcuate at its middle, apiculus not shorter than unbent portion of the club. If uncus undivided, and if (2) antennal apiculus shorter than unbent region of the club, then apiculus obtuse, not hooked, hindwing about triangular in shape, not quadrate, palpi not longer than head, or if (3) antennal club nearly arcuate at its middle and apiculus not shorter than unbent portion of the club, then 3rd segment of palpi shorter than 2nd segment.</p><p>Genera included: Ouleus Lindsey, 1925, Zera Evans, 1953, Quadrus Lindsey, 1925, Gindanes Godman &amp; Salvin, 1895, Pythonides Hübner, [1819], Haemactis Mabille, 1903, Atarnes Godman &amp; Salvin, 1897, Eburuncus Grishin, 2012, Milanion Godman &amp; Salvin, 1895, Paramimus Hübner, [1819], and Charidia Mabille, 1903 .</p><p>Parent Taxon: Tribe Achlyodini Burmeister, 1878 .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E2C87B2AE1EB510FDEFFA74FCC9FD55	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grishin, Nick V.	Grishin, Nick V. (2019): Expanded phenotypic diagnoses for 24 recently named new taxa of Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey 8 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16420956
0E2C87B2AE1FB510FDC5FD37FC8DF9E1.text	0E2C87B2AE1FB510FDC5FD37FC8DF9E1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Clitina Grishin 2019	<div><p>Subtribe Clitina Grishin, 2019</p><p>Type genus: Clito Evans, 1953 .</p><p>ZooBank registration: 971884E2-E5F7-46A3-B182-657729B6A778</p><p>Diagnosis: The subtribe was defined as a clade from about 30 Mya that contains the genus Clito, and putatively synapomorphic DNA characters for this clade were given (Li et al., 2019). Phenotypically, species in this subtribe would key to E.52 or E.13.8 in Evans (1953). A possible synapomorphic character is a conspicuously long sheath of aedeagus that distinguishes this subtribe from its relatives. In addition, a combination of the following characters is diagnostic: uncus undivided, tapered, apiculus arcuate at its center, sharply pointed, nudum not equally partitioned, 3/13: apiculus much longer than the club, mid tibiae with spines, wings produced, forewing inner margin straight, hindwing anal margin longer than costal margin, outer margin irregular, hindwing without hyaline spots but frequently with white areas (Fig. 10).</p><p>Genera included: Clito Evans, 1953 .</p><p>Parent Taxon: Tribe Erynnini Brues &amp; Carpenter, 1932 .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E2C87B2AE1FB510FDC5FD37FC8DF9E1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grishin, Nick V.	Grishin, Nick V. (2019): Expanded phenotypic diagnoses for 24 recently named new taxa of Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey 8 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16420956
0E2C87B2AE1FB51FFDBAF99BFC62FEA5.text	0E2C87B2AE1FB51FFDBAF99BFC62FEA5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Butleriini Grishin 2019	<div><p>Tribe Butleriini Grishin, 2019</p><p>Type genus: Butleria Kirby, 1871 .</p><p>ZooBank registration: D621EF81-FA65-4858-9450-E0C041598D7A</p><p>Diagnosis: The tribe was defined as a clade from about 40-45 Mya that contains the genus Butleria, and putatively synapomorphic DNA characters for this clade were given (Li et al., 2019). Phenotypically, species in this tribe would key to H.4 and H. 5 in Evans (1955). Belongs to the subfamily Heteropterinae and differs from the nominotypical tribe by the blunt somewhat flattened apiculus, compressed at the blunt tip, antennae not shorter than 1/2 costa, and hind tibiae with upper spurs (sometimes short) (Fig. 11).</p><p>Genera included: Butleria Kirby, 1871 and Argopteron E. Watson, 1893 .</p><p>Parent Taxon: Subfamily Heteropterinae Aurivillius, 1925 .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E2C87B2AE1FB51FFDBAF99BFC62FEA5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grishin, Nick V.	Grishin, Nick V. (2019): Expanded phenotypic diagnoses for 24 recently named new taxa of Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey 8 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16420956
0E2C87B2AE10B51FFDCFFEA7FCAEFB2E.text	0E2C87B2AE10B51FFDCFFEA7FCAEFB2E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pericharini Grishin 2019	<div><p>Tribe Pericharini Grishin, 2019</p><p>Type genus: Perichares Scudder, 1872 .</p><p>ZooBank registration: 94B68BD2-7F83-4E58-80E1-7F5AC8C56511</p><p>Distinguished from others within this group by forewing discal cell not shorter than inner margin, and vein CuA 1 opposite to vein R 1 (not R 2 or R 3) at their origins (Fig. 12).</p><p>Diagnosis: The tribe was defined as a clade from about 32 Mya that contains the genus Perichares, and putatively synapomorphic DNA characters for this clade were given (Li et al., 2019). Phenotypically, species in this tribe would key to K.27a in Evans (1955). Belongs to the "K. Carystus group" (not a monophyletic assemblage) of Evans, characterized by the broad "quadrantic" palpi, inner side of 2nd segment longer than the side contacting head in dorsal view and the 3rd segment short and stout, nipplelike, antennae not constricted before apiculus, nudum 10-16 segments, its portion on the club shorter than the long apiculus.</p><p>Genera included: Perichares Scudder, 1872, Alera Mabille, 1891, Orses Godman, 1901, Lycas Godman, 1901, Lychnuchoides Godman, 1901, Pseudorphe A. Warren &amp; Dolibaina, 2015, and Orphe Godman, 1901 .</p><p>Parent Taxon: Subfamily Hesperiinae Latreille, 1809 .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E2C87B2AE10B51FFDCFFEA7FCAEFB2E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grishin, Nick V.	Grishin, Nick V. (2019): Expanded phenotypic diagnoses for 24 recently named new taxa of Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey 8 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16420956
0E2C87B2AE10B51FFDC5FB2CFCC0F859.text	0E2C87B2AE10B51FFDC5FB2CFCC0F859.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tekliades Grishin 2019	<div><p>Genus Tekliades Grishin, 2019</p><p>Type species: Thymele ramanatek Boisduval, 1833 .</p><p>ZooBank registration: 081564BA-DA0C-4C46-AEAB-6C00131AC8BD</p><p>Diagnosis: The genus was defined as a clade from about 15 Mya that contains the species Thymele ramanatek Boisduval, 1833, and putatively synapomorphic DNA characters for this clade were given (Li et al., 2019). Phenotypically, species in this genus would key to I. 1.9 in Evans (1937). The distinction of this genus from Coeliades Hübner, 1818 was not obvious before DNA studies due to similarity in appearance and genitalia. Distinguished from other genera of Coeliadinae by undivided uncus, bulkier gnathos and aedeagus, notch at the distal end of valva, white hindwing fringes, and a white postdiscal band on hindwing below (Fig. 13).</p><p>Species included: Thymele ramanatek Boisduval, 1833 .</p><p>Parent Taxon: Subfamily Coeliadinae Evans, 1937 .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E2C87B2AE10B51FFDC5FB2CFCC0F859	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grishin, Nick V.	Grishin, Nick V. (2019): Expanded phenotypic diagnoses for 24 recently named new taxa of Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey 8 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16420956
0E2C87B2AE11B51EFDC5FF4EFD5BFCAA.text	0E2C87B2AE11B51EFDC5FF4EFD5BFCAA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Salantoia Grishin 2019	<div><p>Genus Salantoia Grishin, 2019</p><p>Type species: Eudamus eriopis Hewitson, 1867 .</p><p>ZooBank registration: 3F82E9DE-A5A2-44B3-A13D-53CF8A673FAE</p><p>Diagnosis: The genus was defined as a clade from about 15 Mya that contains the species Eudamus eriopis Hewitson, 1867, and putatively synapomorphic DNA characters for this clade were given (Li et al., 2019). Phenotypically, species in this genus would key to D.3.2 or D. 3.3 in Evans (1952). Previously placed in Sarmientoia Berg, 1897, but distinguished from it by rectangular, not hook-shaped harpe in male genitalia and a lack of white spot in cell M 2 -M 3 on forewing above. Either character is diagnostic (Fig. 14).</p><p>Species included: Sarmientoia dinka (Evans, 1952) and Eudamus eriopis (Hewitson, 1867) .</p><p>Parent Taxon: Tribe Phocidini Tutt, 1906 .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E2C87B2AE11B51EFDC5FF4EFD5BFCAA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grishin, Nick V.	Grishin, Nick V. (2019): Expanded phenotypic diagnoses for 24 recently named new taxa of Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey 8 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16420956
0E2C87B2AE11B51DFDBBFCA0FD1AFCC4.text	0E2C87B2AE11B51DFDBBFCA0FD1AFCC4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Spicauda Grishin 2019	<div><p>Genus Spicauda Grishin, 2019</p><p>Type species: Goniurus procne, Plötz, 1881 .</p><p>ZooBank registration: 14D26B57-940C-407B-8E70-4E25203044B8</p><p>Diagnosis: The genus was defined as a clade from about 15 Mya that contains the species Goniurus procne, Plötz, 1881, and putatively synapomorphic DNA characters for this clade were given (Li et al., 2019). Phenotypically, species in this genus would key to C.13.13c in Evans (1952). Previously placed in Urbanus Hübner, [1807] owing to long hindwing tails, but distinguished from it by unique shape of genitalic harpe that is upturned and with a spike-like process (or two) at its dorsal margin (Fig. 15). Externally, can be distinguished from other Eudaminae with long tails by a combination of the following characters: wings and body brown, without extensive green scales; fringes not checkered, brown or paler, but not white; if forewing cell M 3 -CuA 1 with hyaline spot, it forms part of the discal band, not detached from it.</p><p>Species included: Goniurus teleus Hübner, 1821, Urbanus tanna Evans, 1952, Urbanus ambiguus de Jong, 1983, Urbanus cindra Evans, 1952, Goniurus zagorus Plötz, 1881, Papilio simplicius Stoll, 1790, and Goniurus procne Plötz, 1881 .</p><p>Parent Taxon: Subtribe Eudamina Mabille, 1877 .</p><p>Type species: Goniurus esmeraldus Butler, 1877 .</p><p>ZooBank registration: 20FAC3B6-F038-40A0-B182-3C7F32A40702</p><p>Diagnosis: The subgenus was defined as a clade from about 12 Mya that contains the species Goniurus esmeraldus Butler, 1877, and putatively synapomorphic DNA characters for this clade were given (Li et al., 2019). Phenotypically, species in this subgenus would key to C.13.6a in Evans (1952). Member of this subgenus are diagnosed by an apparent synapomorphy: dorsally directed process on genitalic valvae, lacking in the nominotypical subgenus, where valva may have a small "nose"-shaped projection (Fig. 16). Species included: Goniurus esmeraldus A. Butler, 1877, Urbanus esma Evans, 1952, Urbanus prodicus E. Bell, 1956, Urbanus elmina Evans, 1952, Urbanus evona Evans, 1952, Urbanus esta Evans, 1952, Urbanus viridis H. Freeman, 1970 .</p><p>Parent Taxon: Genus Urbanus Hübner, [1807] .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E2C87B2AE11B51DFDBBFCA0FD1AFCC4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grishin, Nick V.	Grishin, Nick V. (2019): Expanded phenotypic diagnoses for 24 recently named new taxa of Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey 8 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16420956
0E2C87B2AE12B51DFDA8FC81FCE2F9E1.text	0E2C87B2AE12B51DFDA8FC81FCE2F9E1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zeutus Grishin 2019	<div><p>Genus Zeutus Grishin, 2019</p><p>Type species: Cecropterus zeutus Möschler, 1879 .</p><p>ZooBank registration: 75715B9C-46AB-40F5-B738-420DABD56B63</p><p>Diagnosis: The genus was defined as a clade from about 15 Mya that contains the species Cecropterus zeutus Möschler, 1879, and putatively synapomorphic DNA characters for this clade were given (Li et al., 2019). Phenotypically, species in this genus would have genitalia as those described for zeutus by Williams &amp; Bell (1934: 27). More specifically, uncus arms shorter than in Calliades Mabille &amp; Boullet, 1912 where this species resided formerly; valvae asymmetrical, broad, diamond-shaped; both harpes narrow, deeply separated from the rest of valvae; aedeagus widens toward its apex, with a rounded flange on its dorsal side (Fig. 17).</p><p>Species included: Cecropterus zeutus Möschler, 1879 .</p><p>Parent Taxon: Subtribe Loboclina Grishin, 2019 .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E2C87B2AE12B51DFDA8FC81FCE2F9E1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grishin, Nick V.	Grishin, Nick V. (2019): Expanded phenotypic diagnoses for 24 recently named new taxa of Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey 8 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16420956
0E2C87B2AE12B51CFDD7F99BFCE2FD32.text	0E2C87B2AE12B51CFDD7F99BFCE2FD32.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lobotractus Grishin 2019	<div><p>Genus Lobotractus Grishin, 2019</p><p>Type species: Eudamus valeriana Plötz, 1881 .</p><p>ZooBank registration: C6E5B5DF-1C74-4DBD-85C3-7285209F6F03</p><p>Diagnosis: The genus was defined as a clade from about 15 Mya that contains the species Eudamus valeriana Plötz, 1881, and putatively synapomorphic DNA characters for this clade were given (Li et al., 2019). Phenotypically, diagnosis for this genus is the same as given for the "cyda group" by Burns (1996: 196). The following combination of characters unifies all known species in the genus and distinguishes them from all other genera: 3rd segment of palpi long, longer than in Codatractus (Fig. 18); costal fold absent; uncus undivided, in dorsal view longer than wide and slightly concave terminally and on the sides ("scalloped" per Evans (1952)), but not prominently bilobed; tegumen humped in lateral view; shorter, fan-like cornutus with many sharp branches; valvae with a fang-like harpe bending dorsad and enlarged, rounded ampulla protruding caudad to reach the end of harpe; lamella antevaginalis expanded in two large plates, each on the side of ostium bursae, plates reach the end of lamella postvaginalis and protrude further narrowing towards the middle into a sharp tooth, plates fully separated mid-ventrad exposing ostium bursae ventrally. All these characters are illustrated in Burns (1996), who discovered them and described in detail.</p><p>Species included: Eudamus valeriana Plötz, 1881, Thorybes uvydixa Dyar, 1914, and Heteropia cyda Godman, 1901 .</p><p>Parent Taxon: Subtribe Loboclina Grishin, 2019 .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E2C87B2AE12B51CFDD7F99BFCE2FD32	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grishin, Nick V.	Grishin, Nick V. (2019): Expanded phenotypic diagnoses for 24 recently named new taxa of Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey 8 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16420956
0E2C87B2AE13B51CFDFDFCC8FCFDF9DF.text	0E2C87B2AE13B51CFDFDFCC8FCFDF9DF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	(Caudatractus) Grishin 2019	<div><p>Subgenus Caudatractus Grishin, 2019</p><p>Type species: Eudamus alcaeus Hewitson, 1867 .</p><p>ZooBank registration: DF0F3C91-F56E-4B65-B86C-385A36F9D7FD</p><p>Diagnosis: The subgenus was defined as a clade from about 7 Mya that contains the species Eudamus alcaeus Hewitson, 1867, and putatively synapomorphic DNA characters for this clade were given (Li et al., 2019). Phenotypically, species in this subgenus would key to C.11.1b in Evans (1952). These species share the following characters of Codatractus: broadly arcuate antennae, forewing with conjoined apical spots just beyond of discal cell in cells R2-R3 and R3-R4, spot in forewing cell M3-CuA1 midway between the discal band and outer margin, ventral hindwing with 3 dark irregular bands. Species in this subgenus are distinguished from all other Codatractus species by the tail near hindwing tornus (Fig. 19). Species from the nominotypical subgenus lack tails, but their hindwing may be lobed at tornus.</p><p>Species included: Codatractus carlos Evans, 1952, Codatractus rowena Evans, 1952, Eudamus alcaeus Hewitson, 1867, Codatractus apulia Evans, 1952, Codatractus yucatanus H. Freeman, 1977, and Eudamus aminias Hewitson, 1867 .</p><p>Parent Taxon: Genus Codatractus Lindsey, 1921 .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E2C87B2AE13B51CFDFDFCC8FCFDF9DF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grishin, Nick V.	Grishin, Nick V. (2019): Expanded phenotypic diagnoses for 24 recently named new taxa of Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey 8 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16420956
0E2C87B2AE13B51BFDBAF9BCFD30FD78.text	0E2C87B2AE13B51BFDBAF9BCFD30FD78.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	(Asina) Grishin 2019	<div><p>Subgenus Asina Grishin, 2019</p><p>Type species: Eudamus asine Hewitson, 1867 .</p><p>ZooBank registration: B3B7A6F6-A95C-4A2E-B9FB-80A7A8F86761</p><p>Diagnosis: The subgenus was defined as a clade from about 14 Mya that contains the species Eudamus asine Hewitson, 1867, and putatively synapomorphic DNA characters for this clade were given (Li et al., 2019). Phenotypically, species in this subgenus would key to C.7.2a in Evans (1952). The following characters distinguish them from other Hesperiidae except some Ectomis: antennal club angled, hindwing elongated with a long tail by the tornus, apical spots on forewing in a straight line, spot in forewing cell M3-CuA1 near discal band and farther from outer margin, males with costal fold. The following characters differentiate species in this subgenus from the nominal Ectomis: head a thorax above brown (without extensive green scales), forewing above with a dark spot about 1/3 from the base of cell CuA2-1A+2A, no spot in this cell past the discal band, but 2 small spots (one frequently hyaline) under the pale spot from the discal band in cell CuA1-CuA2 (Fig. 20), ventrally, aedeagus with a terminal spine projected to the left.</p><p>Species included: Polythrix gyges Evans, 1952, Goniuris [sic] hirtius A. Butler, 1870, Polythrix roma Evans, 1952, Eudamus asine Hewitson, 1867, and Polythrix mexicanus H. Freeman, 1969 .</p><p>Parent Taxon: Genus Ectomis Mabille, 1878 .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E2C87B2AE13B51BFDBAF9BCFD30FD78	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grishin, Nick V.	Grishin, Nick V. (2019): Expanded phenotypic diagnoses for 24 recently named new taxa of Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey 8 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16420956
0E2C87B2AE14B51BFDA1FD12FD13F9E1.text	0E2C87B2AE14B51BFDA1FD12FD13F9E1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tiana Grishin 2019	<div><p>Genus Tiana Grishin, 2019</p><p>Type species: Ebrietas niger Williams &amp; Bell, 1940 .</p><p>ZooBank registration: B9382699-24FB-4466-B39B-94E6B544C425</p><p>Diagnosis: The genus was defined as a clade from about 10 Mya that contains the species Ebrietas niger Williams &amp; Bell, 1940, and putatively synapomorphic DNA characters for this clade were given (Li et al., 2019). Phenotypically, species in this genus would key to F.7.3 or F. 7.4 in Evans (1953). Combination of the following characters is diagnostic of the genus (Fig. 21): forewing discal cell very short, outer margin of both wings evenly convex, palpi short, antennal shaft plain and club slender, nudum of 21-24 segments, males with costal fold on forewing, no tibial tufts, both wings dark, almost unmarked or with two paler, ochreous brown bands above cut by dark veins without violet sheen, below distal half of hindwing paler with darker veins. Differing from Tosta Evans, 1953 and Iliana E. Bell, 1937 by uncus without projections, either undivided or with very short knob-like arms, harpe simple, without processes, almost rectangular, unturned with serrated dorsal margin, not prominently separated from the ampulla.</p><p>Species included: Ebrietas niger Williams &amp; Bell, 1940 and Anastrus platypterus Mabille, 1895 .</p><p>Parent Taxon: Tribe Carcharodini Verity, 1940 .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E2C87B2AE14B51BFDA1FD12FD13F9E1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grishin, Nick V.	Grishin, Nick V. (2019): Expanded phenotypic diagnoses for 24 recently named new taxa of Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey 8 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16420956
0E2C87B2AE14B51AFDB1F99BFD07FCEE.text	0E2C87B2AE14B51AFDB1F99BFD07FCEE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chirgus Grishin 2019	<div><p>Genus Chirgus Grishin, 2019</p><p>Type species: Hesperia limbata Erschoff, 1876 .</p><p>ZooBank registration: 7B1905F1-9471-4BBF-90BF-32360783AB1E</p><p>Diagnosis: The genus was defined as a clade from about 10 Mya that contains the species Hesperia limbata Erschoff, 1876, and putatively synapomorphic DNA characters for this clade were given (Li et al., 2019). Phenotypically, species in this genus would key to G. 1.2e or G. 1.9 in Evans (1953). Similar to Pyrgus and Burnsius in checkered appearance, produced wings: forewing costa longer than outer margin, hindwing costa about the same length as outer margin, short, extensively scaled palpi with inconspicuous 3rd segment, but differ in the following characters (Fig. 22): tibial tuft present, no costal fold in males, forewing with a white spot at the base of cell CuA1- CuA2, hyaline spots in cells R3-R4, R4-R5, and R5-M1 not produced into cell R2-R3, and (1) if cell R1-R2 without a spot between the apical spots and discal cell spot, then forewing lacks hyaline dot at base of cell R3-R4 between apical spots and discal cell spot, hindwing apex somewhat produced and outer margin slightly concave in cell CuA2-1A+2A, no submarginal white spots on wings; or (2) if cell R1-R2 with a hyaline spot by the costa midway between the cell spot and apical spots, then no streaks marginally from the forewing discal cell spot and no discal spots in cells M1-M2 and M2- M3.</p><p>Species included: Hesperia ( Syrichthus [sic]) limbata Erschoff, 1876, Syrichthus [sic] nigella Weeks, 1902, Pyrgus barrosi Ureta, 1956, Pyrgus fides Hayward, 1940, Syrichtus bocchoris Hewitson, 1874, and Pyrgus ( Scelothrix [sic]) veturius Plötz, 1884 .</p><p>Parent Taxon: Tribe Pyrgini Burmeister, 1878 .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E2C87B2AE14B51AFDB1F99BFD07FCEE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grishin, Nick V.	Grishin, Nick V. (2019): Expanded phenotypic diagnoses for 24 recently named new taxa of Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey 8 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16420956
0E2C87B2AE15B51AFDBAFCEDFD07F8B4.text	0E2C87B2AE15B51AFDBAFCEDFD07F8B4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Burnsius Grishin 2019	<div><p>Genus Burnsius Grishin, 2019</p><p>Type species: Syricthus [sic] communis Grote, 1872 .</p><p>ZooBank registration: 48996B74-3AB1-4DEA-9A64-B8F112E62343</p><p>Diagnosis: The genus was defined as a clade from about 10 Mya that contains the species Syricthus [sic] communis Grote, 1872, and putatively synapomorphic DNA characters for this clade were given (Li et al., 2019). Phenotypically, species in this genus would key to G.1.5, G1.8, or G.1.10a in Evans (1953). Similar to Pyrgus and Chirgus in checkered appearance, produced wings: forewing costa longer than outer margin, hindwing costa about the same length as outer margin, short extensively scaled palpi with inconspicuous 3rd segment, but differ in the following characters (Fig. 23): forewing with a white spot at the base of cell CuA1-CuA2, hyaline spots in cells R5-M1, R4-R5, R3-R4 not produced into cell R2-R3, and (1) if cell R1-R2 without spot between the apical spots and discal cell spot, then forewing with hyaline dot at base of cell R3-R4 between apical spots and discal cell spot, but (2) if no such dot, then hindwing outer margin evenly convex, not produced apically and white bar at the end of discal cell absent both above and below; or (3) if cell R1-R2 with hyaline spot by the costa midway between the cell spot and apical spots, then forewing with pale streaks marginally from the forewing discal cell spot and discal spots in cells M1-M2 and M2-M3.</p><p>Species included: Syrichtus notatus Blanchard, 1852, Pyrgus crisia Herrich-Schäffer, 1865, Syricthus [sic] communis Grote, 1872, Pyrgus albescens Plötz, 1884, Pyrgus adepta Plötz, 1884, Hydraenomia orcynoides Giacomelli, 1928, Pyrgus chloe Evans, 1942, Hesperia titicaca Reverdin, 1921, Pyrgus philetas W. H. Edwards, 1881, Papilio oileus Linnaeus, 1767, Papilio orcus Stoll, 1780, and Pyrgus brenda Evans, 1942 .</p><p>Parent Taxon: Tribe Pyrgini Burmeister, 1878 .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E2C87B2AE15B51AFDBAFCEDFD07F8B4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grishin, Nick V.	Grishin, Nick V. (2019): Expanded phenotypic diagnoses for 24 recently named new taxa of Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey 8 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16420956
0E2C87B2AE16B519FDB5FF65FCCBFBE8.text	0E2C87B2AE16B519FDB5FF65FCCBFBE8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Duroca Grishin 2019	<div><p>Genus Duroca Grishin, 2019</p><p>Type species: Hesperia duroca Plötz, 1882 .</p><p>ZooBank registration: 476FE13C-5895-4139-BB11-44F835E21565</p><p>Diagnosis: The genus was defined as a clade from about 7 Mya that contains the species Hesperia duroca Plötz, 1882, and putatively synapomorphic DNA characters for this clade were given (Li et al., 2019). Phenotypically, species in this genus would key to J.39.5a in Evans (1955) and a combination of the following characters is diagnostic: antennae about half of costa length, nudum 2/9 to 4/9, palpi narrow, 3rd segment short, conically shaped, mid tibiae with spines, males with broad tripartite stigma from base of vein CuA1 to vein 1A+2A, origin on vein CuA2 on forewing is closer to the base than to vein CuA1. Stigma longer than in Lerema Scudder, 1872 and reaches vein 1A+2A closer to the base of wing (Fig. 24). Uncus and gnathos deeply divided, and this genus best distinguished from other genera by broad valva with large harpe, upturned and shaped like a hook, being more similar to some Phlebodes Hübner, [1819] and Saturnus Evans, 1955 than to Lerema, but uncus and gnathos divided less deeply in these genera with hook-shaped harpe.</p><p>Species included: Hesperia duroca Plötz, 1882 .</p><p>Parent Taxon: Subtribe Moncina A. Warren, 2008 .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E2C87B2AE16B519FDB5FF65FCCBFBE8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grishin, Nick V.	Grishin, Nick V. (2019): Expanded phenotypic diagnoses for 24 recently named new taxa of Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey 8 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16420956
