taxonID	type	description	language	source
1F0E87D6C448FF8AFE1CFD3CFC10F9A8.taxon	description	(Figs 1 – 6, 13) LSID: urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 963 CDA 79 - 030 D- 4330 - 8952 - 1 F 2241974 B 49.	en	Furth, David G. (2019): A new species of the Neotropical mimetic genus Cerichrestus Clark from Costa Rica (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Alticinae): An example of how unknown is biodiversity. Israel Journal of Entomology 49 (2): 179-194, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3460429, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3460429
1F0E87D6C448FF8AFE1CFD3CFC10F9A8.taxon	etymology	Etymology: This new species of Cerichrestus is named in honor of Dr. Amnon Freidberg (Curator Emeritus of Entomology, SMNHTAU) for his 75 th birthday. Probably a majority of the specimens in the SMNHTAU insect collections were collected by Dr. Freidberg. He has been a close colleague of mine since we met in the summer of 1971. We have been together on many field collecting trips all over Israel and adjacent territories. Although he is a Dipterist, we still find many things in common to discuss.	en	Furth, David G. (2019): A new species of the Neotropical mimetic genus Cerichrestus Clark from Costa Rica (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Alticinae): An example of how unknown is biodiversity. Israel Journal of Entomology 49 (2): 179-194, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3460429, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3460429
1F0E87D6C448FF8AFE1CFD3CFC10F9A8.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Cerichrestus freidbergi n. sp. is morphologically most similar to C. clarki Jacoby, 1886, recorded from Panama and Costa Rica, and the only species recorded outside South America. The new species differs from C. clarki primarily through color and pattern (Figs 1, 7). Cerichrestus clarki has an elytral black pattern slightly tapered towards elytral base (Figs 7, 13) with a broad median stripe / spot on the apical half (approximately from the suture to stria 7 laterally), a very narrow black stripe along the suture (one stria wide only) to the base then continuing onto the pronotum as a black, median, parallel-sided stripe (equal in width to ca. 3 – 4 elytral striae), the pronotal stripe is somewhat narrower at the base than apex, i. e., slightly tapered towards the base (not created by arrangement of pubescence). In C. freidbergi, the pronotal stripe is lighter in color, hour-glass-shaped and created by the arrangement of pubescence. Other color differences: C. clarki often has some of the medial area of the thoracic venter lighter in color (orange) whereas C. freidbergi usually has the all-dark thoracic venter; the fore and mid-tibiae of C. clarki are usually all dark, whereas C. freidbergi usually has the fore and middle tibiae lighter, at least partly yellow. Cerichrestus clarki has slightly elevated elytral calli / bossae (mid-basal elevated area, between striae 1 – 3) giving the appearance of a depressed area near the suture. The pronotal lateral margins of C. clarki are straight-sided, whereas C. freidbergi has an apparent bulge in the middle of the lateral margins; the anterolateral angles of C. clarki are not pointed forward, whereas C. freidbergi has distinct and forwardly pointed anterolateral angles. The new species is larger for most body parts, e. g., the Lb (average) of C. freidbergi in males 5.02 mm and females 5.68 mm, whereas in C. clarki the Lb (average) in males 4.75 mm and females 5.15 mm (see also measurements for C. clarki below). There are no apparent significant morphological differences between C. freidbergi and C. clarki concerning the male aedeagus, female spermatheca, or female vaginal palpi. Cerichrestus clarki (Figs 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 – 13): Antennomere (#) average lengths: Male # 1 (11), # 2 (6), # 3 (13), # 4 (12), # 5 (12), # 6 (11), # 7 (11), # 8 (9), # 9 (9), # 10 (8), # 11 (11). Female # 1 (11), # 2 (6), # 3 (13), # 4 (12), # 5 (11), # 6 (10), # 7 (10), # 8 (8), # 9 (8), # 10 (8), # 11 (11). Body part measurements (10 males, 10 females; range in mm [average]): Lb: males 3.86 – 5.66 [4.75], females 4.73 – 6.13 [5.15]; Le: males 3.00 – 4.16 [3.54], females 3.50 – 4.50 [3.77]; Weh: males 1.50 – 1.73 [1.70], females 1.80 – 2.20 [1.86]; Wem: males 1.80 – 2.20 [1.93], females 2.03 – 2.43 [2.15]; Lp: males 0.73 – 1.03 [0.86], females 0.83 – 1.10 [0.93]; Wp: males 1.07 – 1.37 [1.18], females 1.23 – 1.50 [1.31]; Weye: males 0.37 – 0.50 [0.43], females 0.40 – 0.53 [0.44]; IOD: males 0.47 – 0.67 [0.57], females 0.60 – 0.70 [0.63]. Holotype: Lb: 4.92 mm; Le: 3.77 mm; Weh: 1.67 mm; Wem: 2.05 mm; Lp: 0.95 mm; Wp: 1.18 mm; Weye: 0.36 mm; IOD: 0.51 mm. Antennomeres: # 1 (12); # 2 (6); # 3 (11); # 4 (13); # 5 (12); # 6 (11); # 7 (12); # 8 (10); # 9 (9); # 10 (10); # 11 (13).	en	Furth, David G. (2019): A new species of the Neotropical mimetic genus Cerichrestus Clark from Costa Rica (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Alticinae): An example of how unknown is biodiversity. Israel Journal of Entomology 49 (2): 179-194, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3460429, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3460429
1F0E87D6C448FF8AFE1CFD3CFC10F9A8.taxon	description	Description: Dorsum: entire dorsum with dense, fine, light-colored pubescence. Antennae: (Figs 1, 2) color all black except antennomeres 9 – 11 yellow. Antennomere 1 long, swollen, 2 shortest, 3 twice as long as 2, 4 longest (usually evidently lOnger than 3), 5 – 7 subequal (OnlY slightlY shOrter than 4), 9 – 11 subequal ca. 75 % of the length of 5 – 7. Antennomere (#) average lengths: Male # 1 (12), # 2 (6), # 3 (13), # 4 (13), # 5 (13), # 6 (12), # 7 (11), # 8 (10), # 9 (9), # 10 (9), # 11 (11). Female # 1 (12), # 2 (6), # 3 (12), # 4 (12), # 5 (11), # 6 (11), # 7 (10), # 8 (9), # 9 (9), # 10 (8), # 11 (12). Head: vertex (Fig. 3) black (especially between eyes), basally lighter (orange), densely and coarsely punctured, with sparse pubescence. Antennal calli only slightly raised with distinct midfrontal sulcus between calli. Frontal ridge black, anterofrontal ridge and clypeus yellow (appearing as almost a transverse yellow band). Labrum black, apical margin with 3 long setae on each side of midline. Frontal ridge short with midfrontal sulcus apparent. Frontal ridge distinctly elevated, anterofrontal ridge protruding forward (beyond clypeus) such that clypeus appears depressed or concave (especially visible in lateral view). Mandibles dark brown. Maxillae yellow, palpi yellow, with penultimate segment usually darker, greatly swollen, apical segment sometimes darkened, much smaller, tapered apically, basal segment yellow. Ventrally head and mouthparts mostly yellow. Eyes spherical, protruding or bulging. Body part measurements (10 males, 10 females; range in mm [average]): Lb: males 4.70 – 5.27 [5.02 average], females 5.1 – 6.16 [5.68]; Le: males 3.46 – 4.0 [3.77], females 3.86 – 4.70 [4.27]; Weh: males 1.67 – 1.97 [1.83], females 1.87 – 2.33 [2.09]; Wem: males 1.9 – 2.2 [2.12], females 2.33 – 2.96 [2.56]; Lp: males 0.87 – 1.0 [0.92], females 0.90 – 1.20 [1.0]; Wp: males 1.13 – 1.37 [1.26], females 1.37 – 1.63 [1.47]; Weye: males 0.4 – 0.5 [0.42], females 0.40 – 0.47 [0.45]; IOD: males 0.57 – 0.6 3 [0.60], females 0.60 – 0.73 [0.66]. Pronotum (Fig. 1): orange / brown, with apparent mid-longitudinal, hourglassshaped (wider basally) darker orange / brown band; subquadrate in shape; basally distinctly narrower than base of elytra, width subequal to width of head including eyes; anterior one-third with apparent transverse band of dense, yellow setae [color pattern appears to be a result of the direction and density of the pubescence]. Posterior two-thirds slanted downwards with less apparent pubescence medially and laterally. Slight but evident sublateral depressions both sub-basally and sub-apically, almost contiguous. Lateral margins somewhat straight-sided but with slight bulge outward at middle. Antero- and posterolateral angles each with a pore and long seta, anterolateral angles noticeably pointed outward from lateral margins.	en	Furth, David G. (2019): A new species of the Neotropical mimetic genus Cerichrestus Clark from Costa Rica (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Alticinae): An example of how unknown is biodiversity. Israel Journal of Entomology 49 (2): 179-194, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3460429, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3460429
1F0E87D6C44CFF85FF10FC0BFED0FBE6.taxon	materials_examined	Elytra: elongate-rectangular, parallel-sided; humeral calli evident but not bulging; punctation striate with one sutural short stria and 10 distinct striae of medium coarse punctures. Color black centrally with sublateral, longitudinal, yellow / orange stripe [6 specimens with this yellow sublateral stripe melanized indicated in the material examined section], extreme lateral and epipleural areas black, extending to apex and joining narrowed medial black band. In dorsal view wide (from suture to striae 6) solid black, median, longitudinal stripe parallel-sided with lateral yellow longitudinal stripes much narrower (Figs 1, 2). Venter: usually entirely black or dark brown, sometimes abdominal sternites lighter (yellow) with sparse, fine pubescence; front coxal cavities closed; front coxae yellow, prominent, bulging, sub-conical. Male 5 th sternite only with slight medial, apical, rounded lobe, often difficult to see unless apical sternite separated from apical tergites (7 and 8), 8 th tergite with apparent medial, V-shaped, apical invagination (notch), often curled ventrally over apex of 5 th sternite. Female: apex of 5 th sternite, 7 th, 8 th tergite continuously rounded or slightly pointed. Legs (Fig. 2): fore and middle tibiae usually black dorsally, usually lighter (yellow) ventrally, rarely all yellow, hind tibia yellow; fore and middle femora yellow, usually darkened dorsally; metafemora with ventral half to two-thirds yellow, darkened dorsally. Male first foretarsal segment not swollen or enlarged. Metatarsal length more than two-thirds as great as metatibial length; apical metatarsal segment dark brOwn, verY glObOselY swOllen; fOretarsus ca. 40 – 50 % as lOng as fOretibiae; middle tarsi ca. 60 % as lOng as middle tibiae; metatibial apeX enlarged with inner (medial) lobe extended, somewhat rounded but with short teeth, with outer / lateral large prominent dark spine metatibial apex, also with ca. 6 or more serrate teeth; metatibia with dorsal margins sulcate. Metatarsi inserted subapically onto metatibiae. Tarsi dark brown. Genitalia: Male: aedeagus, symmetrical in ventral view (Figs 4), although in ventral view it appears rotated slightly left giving a somewhat asymmetrical impression: Female: spermatheca as in Fig. 5. Vaginal palpi as in Fig. 6. Holotype: ♂ (nO bar cOde) Costa Rica: Prov. Heredia, F. La Selva, 3 km S Pto Viejo, 10 ° 26 ' N 84 ° 01 ' W \ 30 iii 1980, H. A. Hespenheide [USNM]. Paratypes: Costa Rica: ♂♂: INBiOCR 10022622011 \ 29 MaYO 2000, BOsques secundariO \ M / 19 / 749. INB 0003664474 \ 21 Marzo 2004, Malaise, M / 27 / 789. INBIO 1002227132 \ M / 01 / 471, 16 Octubre 1995, Parcelas sucesionales. INBioCR 1002231360 \ M / 02 / 484, 01 Noviembre 1995, Bosque secundario. No INBioALAS bar code - \ Malaise Trap, 1 – 2 - year, Second Growth Forest edge \ 24 – 25 iv 1989, H. A. Hespenheide. INBIOCR 1002621769 \ 15 Mayo 2000, Bosque secundario, M / 19 / 748. INB 0003663912 \ 09 Marzo 2004, Malaise, M / 20 / 772. [No bar code] - \ 29 iii 1988, H. A. Hespenheide. INBIOCR 1002268538 \ M / 18 / 712, 09 Julio 1998, Borde suampo. INBIOCR 1002231465 \ M / 18 / 720, 29 Octubre 1997, Borde suampo. INBIOCR 1002621607 \ 10 Enero 2000, Bosque secundario, M / 19 / 739. INBIOCR 1001244606 \ 27 vii 1997, H. A. Hespenheide. INBIOCR 1002064388 \ 1 Junio 1993, M / 11 / 117, Bosque secundario. INBIOCR 1002256182 \ 2 Marzo 1993, M / 01 / 016. Parc sucesionales. INBIOCR 1002067932 \ 1 Abril 1993, M / 04 / 051, Bosque primario. INBIOCR 1002726684 \ 15 Noviembre 1999, Bosque secundario, M / 19 / 735. INBIOCR 1002267964 \ 03 Agosto 1993, M / 01 / 164, Parcelas sucesionales. INBIOCR 1002267667 \ 15 Marzo 1994, M / 01 / 376, Parcelas sucesionales. INBIOCR 1002268531 \ M / 18 / 721, 12 Noviembre 1998, Borde suampo. INBIOCR 1002268640 \ M / 18 / 711, 25 Junio 1998, Borde suampo. INBIOCR 1002268667 \ M / 18 / 710, 12 Junio 19998, Borde suampo. INBIOCR 1002226954 \ M / 01 / 384, 04 Abril 1994, Parcelas sucesionales. INBIOCR 1002227514 \ M / 13 / 662, 31 Mayo 1996, Bosque secundario. INBIOCR 1002268564 \ M / 18 / 718, 01 Octubre 1998, Borde suampo. INBIOCR 1002268642 \ M / 18 / 711, 25 Junio 1998, Borde suampo. INBIOCR 1002229474 \ M / 11 / 285, 01 Diciembre 1993, Bosque secundario. INB 003652895 \ Project ALAS, Malaise, 15 Dic 1993, M / 01 / 292. INB 0003653277 \ Project ALAS, Malaise, 15 Dic 1993, M / 11 / 313. INB 0003652980 \ Project ALAS, Malaise, 15 Dic 1993, M / 01 / 304. INB 0003652632 \ Project ALAS, Malaise, 15 Dic 1993, M / 04 / 155. INB 0003653819 \ Project ALAS, Malaise, 15 Dic 1993, M / 13 / 163. INB 0003653397 \ Project ALAS, Malaise, 15 Dic 1993, M / 05 / 352. INBIOCR 1002726748 \ 06 Marzo 2000, Bosque secundario, M / 19 / 743. INBIOCR 1002621609 \ 10 Enero 2000, Bosque secundario, M / 19 / 739. INBIOCR 100261814 \ 27 Diciembre 1999, Bosque secundario, M / 19 / 738. INBIOCR 1002622013 \ 29 Mayo 2000, Bosque secundario, M / 19 / 749. INBIOCR 100261768 \ 15 Mayo 2000, Bosque secundario, M / 19 / 748. INBIOCR 1002621688 \ 12 Junio 2000, Bosque secundario, M / 19 / 750. INBIOCR 1002621588 \ 17 Abril 2000, Bosque secundario, M / 19 / 746. INBIOCR 1002621611 \ 10 Enero 2000, Bosque secundario, M / 19 / 739. INBIOCR 1002621610 \ 10 Enero 2000, Bosque secundario, M / 19 / 739. INBIOCR 1002067933 \ 1 Abril 1993, M / 04 / 051, Bosque primario. INBIOCR 1002231586 \ M / 11 / 381, 15 Marzo 1994, Bosque secundario. [No bar code] - 12 August 1996 \ C. L. & S. L. Staines, lab compound. INBIOCR 1002284934 \ 14 August 1996 \ C. L. & S. L. Staines, STR 2000 - 5200 m. [No bar code] - 20 iv 1989, H. A. Hespenheide \ Malaise Trap, Second Growth. INBIOCR 1001246199 \ Locality: STR 0 - 400 m, Date: 20 / 1 / 95, Host: Coll. Ronald Vargas C. [No bar code] - \ 7 iv 1989, H. A. Hespenheide \ Malaise Trap, Second Growth. [No bar code] - 29 vii 1976, E. M. Fisher. Melanistic form: INBIOCR 1002231466; M / 17 / 684, 02 Octubre 1997, Bosque primario. INBIOCR 1002731912; M / 18 / 720, 29 Octubre 1997, Borde suampo. INB 0003688017; 24 Febrero 2004, Interception, TN / 27 / 008. INB 0003681228; 06 Abril 2004, Malaise, M / 27 / 799. ♀♀: INBIOCR 1002621925 \ 07 Febrero 2000, Bosque secundario, M / 19 / 741. INBIOCR 1002621844 \ 24 Diciembre 1998, Bosque secundario, M / 18 / 724. INBIOCR 1002227163 \ M / 11 / 420, 01 Agosto 1995, Bosque secundario. INBIOCR 1002227371 \ M / 18 / 701, 01 Febrero 1998, Borde suampo. INBIOCR 1002231568 \ M / 04 / 351, 15 Febrero 1994, Bosque primario. INBIOCR 1002231464 \ M / 18 / 720, 29 Octubre 1997, Borde suampo. INB 0003688463 \ 18 Abril 2004, Interception, TN / 27 / 028. INBIOCR 1002268532 \ M / 18 / 721, 12 Noviembre 1998, Borde suampo. INBIOCR 1002622012 \ 29 Mayo 2000, Bosque secundario, M / 19 / 749. INBIOCR 1002621770 \ 15 Mayo 2000, Bosque secundario, M / 19 / 748. INBIOCR 1002268547 \ M / 18 / 713, 23 Julio 1998, Borde suampo. INBIOCR 1002268533 \ M / 18 / 721, 12 Noviembre 1998, Borde suampo. INBIOCR 1002268565 \ M / 18 / 718, 01 Octubre 1998, Borde suampo. INBIOCR 1002621612 \ 10 Enero 2000, Bosque secundario, M / 19 / 739. INBIOCR 1002621771 \ 15 Mayo 2000, Bosque secundario, M / 19 / 748. INBIOCR 1002256181 \ 2 Marzo 1993, M / 01 / 016, Parc sucesionales. INBIOCR 10020657931 \ 1 Abril 1993, M / 04 / 051, Bosque primario. INBIOCR 1002726531 \ 21 Febrero 2000, Bosque secundario, M / 19 / 742. INBIOCR 1002727282 \ 01 Noviembre 1999, Bosque secundario, M / 19 / 734. INBIOCR 1002727425 \ 30 Noviembre 1999, M / 19 / 736, Bosque secundario. INBIOCR 1001243309 - no second label [primary locality label includes - Dec 1992]. INBIOCR 100268201 \ 01 Mayo 1993, M / 13 / 092, Bosque secundario. INBIOCR 1002284935 \ primary locality label - 12 August 1996 \ C. L. & S. L. Staines, lab compound. INBIOCR 1002227781 \ M / 13 / 470, 29 Septiembre 1995, Bosque secundario. INBIOCR 1002231316 \ M / 13 / 518, 01 Diciembre 1995, Bosque secondario. INBIOCR 1002231463 \ M / 18 / 720, 29 Octubre 1997, Borde suampo. INBIOCR 1002233916 \ M / 18 / 714, 01 Agosto 1998, Borde suampo. INBIOCR 1002227456 \ M / 18 / 719, 14 Octubre 1998, Borde suampo. INBIOCR 1002227454 \ M / 18 / 719, 14 Octubre 1998, Borde suampo. INBIOCR 1002231588 \ M / 11 / 381, 15 Marzo 1994, Bosque secondario. INB 0003651967 \ Project ALAS, Malaise, 1 Mar 1994, M / 01 / 360. INBIOCR 1002621689 \ 12 Junio 2000, Bosque secundario, M / 19 / 750. INBIOCR 1002268549 \ M / 18 / 713, 23 Julio 1998, Borde suampo. INBIOCR 1002227588 \ M / 13 / 650, 15 Mayo 1996, Bosque secondario. INBIOCR 1002268638 \ M / 18 / 711, 25 Junio 1998, Borde suampo. INBIOCR 1002268639 \ M / 18 / 711, 25 Junio 1998, Borde suampo. INBIOCR 1002268648 \ M / 18 / 682, 25 Junio 1998, Borde suampo. INBIOCR 1002233915 \ M / 18 / 714, 01 Agosto 1998, Borde suampo. INBIOCR 1002227365 \ M / 18 / 709, 28 Mayo 1998, Borde suampo. INBIOCR 1002226955 \ M / 01 / 384, 04 Abril 1994, Parcelas sucesionales. INB 0003652964 \ Project ALAS, Malaise, 1 Nov 1993, M / 04 / 251. INB 0003653929 \ Project ALAS, Malaise, 14 Aug 1993, M / 02 / 181. INB 0003653974 \ Project ALAS, Malaise, 14 Jun 1993, M / 04 / 127. IBIOCR 1002621687 \ 12 Junio 2000, Bosque secundario, M / 19 / 750. INB 0003663785 \ 09 Mar 2004, Malaise, M / 27 / 779. [No bar code] - 17 August 1996, INBio-OET \ C. L. & S. L. Staines, sweeping edge of soccer field. [No bar code] - 8 iv 1989, H. A. Hespenheide \ Malaise Trap, Second Growth. [No bar code] - 8 iv 1989, H. A. Hespenheide \ Malaise Trap, Second Growth. [No bar code] - 24 - 25 iv 1989, H. A. Hespenheide \ Malaise Trap, Second Growth. [No bar code] - iv – v 1993, P. Hanson, Malaise Trap. INB 0003234538 \ 18 vi 1991, H. A. Hespenheide. Melanistic form: INBIOCR 1002268680 \ M / 18 / 708, 14 Mayo 1998, Borde suampo. INBIOCR 1002731587 \ 11 Mayo 2000, Goethalsia meinantha, FOT / 49 / 26.	en	Furth, David G. (2019): A new species of the Neotropical mimetic genus Cerichrestus Clark from Costa Rica (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Alticinae): An example of how unknown is biodiversity. Israel Journal of Entomology 49 (2): 179-194, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3460429, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3460429
1F0E87D6C44CFF85FF10FC0BFED0FBE6.taxon	distribution	Distribution and phenology: Costa Rica, Heredia. All months of the year.	en	Furth, David G. (2019): A new species of the Neotropical mimetic genus Cerichrestus Clark from Costa Rica (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Alticinae): An example of how unknown is biodiversity. Israel Journal of Entomology 49 (2): 179-194, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3460429, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3460429
1F0E87D6C44CFF85FF10FC0BFED0FBE6.taxon	biology_ecology	Host: Unknown.	en	Furth, David G. (2019): A new species of the Neotropical mimetic genus Cerichrestus Clark from Costa Rica (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Alticinae): An example of how unknown is biodiversity. Israel Journal of Entomology 49 (2): 179-194, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3460429, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3460429
