taxonID	type	description	language	source
384F87FFFFB6FFCCB025FB70FBFDF871.taxon	description	(Figs. 1 - 3) urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: C 12 F 1 E 7 B- 120 E- 45 A 6 - 9836 - 30 A 67 B 3 CC 3 E 0	en	Maia, Valéria Cid, Fernandes, Sheila Patrícia Carvalho (2025): New species of Neolasioptera Felt, 1908 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) from Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20250012) 69: 1-19, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2025-0012
384F87FFFFB6FFCCB025FB70FBFDF871.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Spatula two-toothed, four lateral papillae (2 with seta and 2 asetose) on each side, four pairs of setose terminal papillae (larva of 3 rd instar), antennal horns and facial papillae absent (pupa), male antenna with 13 flagellomeres and female antenna with 14 - 15 flagellomeres, palpus four-segmented, empodia about as long as claws, ovipositor about 5 x as long as 8 th tergite.	en	Maia, Valéria Cid, Fernandes, Sheila Patrícia Carvalho (2025): New species of Neolasioptera Felt, 1908 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) from Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20250012) 69: 1-19, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2025-0012
384F87FFFFB6FFCCB025FB70FBFDF871.taxon	description	Male: Head (Fig. 1 a) globoid; eye facets circular, closely appressed, except laterally and at vertex; antenna: scape wider apically than basally; pedicel globoid as long as wide, 13 flagellomeres, 1 st- 12 th rectangular, slightly longer (1.5 x) than wide, each with node setulose and neck very short and bare, 13 th flagellomere ovoid (Fig. 1 b), setulose; 1 st and 2 nd flagellomeres fused; circumfila as in Fig. 1 c; mouth parts: labrum long-attenuate, with two pairs of setae; hypopharynx of the same shape of labrum, with long lateral setulae anteriorly directed, 0.07 mm long; palpus four-segmented (Fig. 1 d), 1 st and 2 nd segments ovoid and subequal in length, 3 rd segment claviform, 4 th segment cylindrical; labella pointed distally, with lateral and mesal setae. Thorax: scutum with two dorsocentral rows of setae, lateral row of setae on each side, scales intermixed; scutellum with setae only in the basal half; anepimeron with setae and scales, other pleura bare; tarsal claws one-toothed, curved beyond midlength, empodia about as long as claws (Fig. 1 e); wing: C with break at juncture with R 5, Rs absent, Cu forked (Fig. 1 f). Abdomen (Fig. 1 g): tergites more heavily sclerotized than sternites; 1 st- 6 th tergites rectangular, wider than long, with few lateral setae, posterior row of setae, anterior pair of trichoid sensilla, and scattered scales elsewhere; 7 th- 8 th tergites band-like, 7 th tergite with few lateral setae, anterior pair of trichoid sensilla, no caudal setae, and scattered scales elsewhere; 8 th tergite with only trichoid sensila as vestiture; 2 nd- 6 th sternites rectangular, longer than wide, with mesal and posterior rows of setae, few lateral setae, anterior pair of trichoid sensilla, and scattered scales, 7 th and 8 th sternites with setae of posterior row more abundant than in the others sternites, few lateral setae, anterior pair of trichoid sensilla, and scattered scales elsewhere. Male terminalia (Fig. 1 h): gonocoxite 2.8 x as long as wide, cylindrical, setose, setulose 1.5 - 1.75 x as long as gonostylus; gonostylus 3.2 - 3.6 x as long as wide, claviform, larger basally and tapering towards apex, setulose in the basal half, striated in the distal half, with scattered short setae, and apical claw; cerci entirely setulose, lobes wide, rounded, with several apical setae; hypoproct entirely setulose, slightly concave at apex, with apical setae; mesobasal lobes slightly shorter than aedeagus, entirely setulose, with setose papillae on each lobe apically; aedeagus cylindrical, slightly truncate at apex. Measurements (N = 2): body length 1.80 - 2.60 mm; head 0.23 mm long, 0.24 mm wide; antenna: scape 0.04 mm long, 0.05 mm wide; pedicel 0.04 mm long, 0.05 mm wide; 1 st + 2 nd flagellomere: 0.07 mm long; 3 rd- - 11 th flagellomeres 0.035 - 0.040 mm long; 12 th flagellomere 0.045 mm long; 13 th flagellomere 0.05 mm long; maxillary palpus: 1 st- 2 nd segments 0.020 - 0.025 mm long; 3 rd segment 0.04 mm long; 4 th segment: 0.06 mm long; hypopharynx 0.07 - 0.08 mm long; labellum 0.05 mm long; wing 1.65 mm long; R 5 1.00 mm long; terminalia: gonocoxite 0.14 mm long, 0.05 mm wide; gonostylus 0.08 - 0.09 mm long, 0.025 mm wide. Female: Head: antennae (Fig. 2 a) with 14 - 15 flagellomeres; circumfila as in Fig. 2 b; palpus: 1 st segment elliptical, 2 nd and 3 rd segments claviform, wider apically, 4 th segment elliptical. Abdomen (Fig. 2 c): 1 st- 6 th tergites rectangular, wider than long, 7 th tergite longer than wide, without sclerotization in the central area of the anterior margin and in the central area of the lateral margin, resulting in a X-shape with anterior “ arms ” thinner than posterior “ arms; 8 th tergite, the longest one, trapezoid, 0.32 mm long, about 3.3 x as long as wide, 1 st- 8 th tergites with few lateral setae, few posterior setae, anterior pair of trichoid sensillae, and scattered scales elsewhere; 2 nd- 7 th sternites weakly sclerotized, each with two sublateral longitudinal bands more sclerotized, mesal setae, posterior row of setae, few lateral setae, anterior pair of trichoid sensilla, and scattered scales elsewhere; 8 th sternite not developed. Ovipositor (Fig. 2 d) about 5 x as long as 8 th tergite; cerci fused, ovoid, entirely setulose, with thick sensory hairs apically; hypoproct small, delicate, bilobed in ventral view, with pair of setae apically. Measurements (N = 2): body length 2.47 - 2.62 mm long; head 0.24 mm long, 0.26 mm wide; antenna: scape 0.05 mm long, 0.06 wide; pedicel 0.04 mm long, 0.04 mm wide; 1 st + 2 nd flagellomeres 0.07 - 0.08 mm long; 3 rd- 11 th flagellomeres 0.035 - 0.040 mm long; 12 th flagellomere 0.045 mm long; 13 th- 15 th flagellomeres 0.035 - 0.40 mm long; maxillary palpus: 1 st segment 0.020 mm long; 2 nd segment 0.030 mm long; 3 rd segment 0.035 mm long; 4 th segment 0.05 mm long; hypopharynx 0.09 mm long; labellum 0.045 mm long; wing 1.70 mm long; R 5 1.00 mm long; 8 th tergite 0.32 mm long; ovipositor (N = 1) 1.72 mm long. Pupa (Fig. 2 e): Head (Fig. 2 f): dorsal plate 2.4 x wider than long, 1.4 x longer than apical seta (Fig. 2 g), antennal horns and facial papillae absent. Thorax: integument smooth, prothoracic spiracle about as long as apical setae, conical, with outer margin serrated, trachea ending at apex (Fig. 2 h). Abdomen: dorsal spines absent, spicules on dorsal and ventral side (Fig. 2 i). Measurements (N = 1): body length 2.70 mm; apical seta 0.07 mm long; dorsal plate mm 0.07 mm long, 0.17 mm wide; prothoracic spiracle 0.10 mm long. Larva of 3 rd instar (Fig. 3 a): Body fusiform; integument grainy ventrolaterally, ventral spiculae on the central area of each thoracic segment and 1 st to 7 th abdominal segments. Head: cephalic capsule as long as posterolateral apodemes. Thorax: prothoracic spatula long, strongly sclerotized, with two conical teeth, weakly developed lateral arms, well developed stalk; four lateral papillae (two setose and two asetose) on each side of the spatula (Fig. 3 b). Abdomen: terminal segment with four pairs of setose papillae. Free-living larvae on flower heads. Measurements (N = 1): body length 1.80 mm, prothoracic spatula 0.11 mm long.	en	Maia, Valéria Cid, Fernandes, Sheila Patrícia Carvalho (2025): New species of Neolasioptera Felt, 1908 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) from Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20250012) 69: 1-19, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2025-0012
384F87FFFFB6FFCCB025FB70FBFDF871.taxon	biology_ecology	Host plant: Chromolaena laevigata (Lam.) R. M. King & H. Rob. (Asteraceae).	en	Maia, Valéria Cid, Fernandes, Sheila Patrícia Carvalho (2025): New species of Neolasioptera Felt, 1908 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) from Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20250012) 69: 1-19, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2025-0012
384F87FFFFB6FFCCB025FB70FBFDF871.taxon	etymology	Etymology: The word “ floricola ” refers to the host organ where larvae are found.	en	Maia, Valéria Cid, Fernandes, Sheila Patrícia Carvalho (2025): New species of Neolasioptera Felt, 1908 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) from Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20250012) 69: 1-19, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2025-0012
384F87FFFFB6FFCCB025FB70FBFDF871.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: Holotype ♂, Brazil, SP, Ibaté, 17. IV. - 23. V. 2004, M. Almeida-Neto et al. leg. (MNRJ-ENT 1 - 71038); paratypes: same data, 2 ♂ (MNRJ-ENT 1 - 71037, MNRJ-ENT 1 - 71039), 3 ♀ (MNRJ-ENT 1 - 71034, MNRJ-ENT 1 - 71035, MNRJ-ENT 1 - 71036), 1 pupa (MNRJ-ENT 1 - 71033), 1 larva of 3 rd instar (MNRJ-ENT 1 - 71032). Additional material: Same data as type material, 4 ♂ (MNRJ-ENT 1 - 71028, MNRJ-ENT 1 - 71029, MNRJ-ENT 1 - 71030, MNRJ-ENT 1 - 71031).	en	Maia, Valéria Cid, Fernandes, Sheila Patrícia Carvalho (2025): New species of Neolasioptera Felt, 1908 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) from Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20250012) 69: 1-19, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2025-0012
384F87FFFFB6FFCCB025FB70FBFDF871.taxon	distribution	Geographical distribution: Brazil, SP: Ibaté and São Carlos (Cerrado).	en	Maia, Valéria Cid, Fernandes, Sheila Patrícia Carvalho (2025): New species of Neolasioptera Felt, 1908 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) from Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20250012) 69: 1-19, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2025-0012
384F87FFFFB6FFCCB025FB70FBFDF871.taxon	discussion	Comments: There are 20 previously described Neotropical species of Neolasioptera on Asteraceae (Gagné and Jaschhof, 2025). Among them, Neolasioptera floricola sp. nov., N. rostrata Gagné, 1989 and N. verbesinae Möhn, 1964 are the only species which have two-toothed spatula. Nevertheless, their larvae differ in the number of terminal papillae (four pairs, two pairs and three pairs, respectively). Furthermore, their adults differ in the number of antennal flagellomeres (13 - 15 in the new species, 10 - 12 in N. rostrata, and 15 - 19 in N. verbesinae). Another difference between larvae of N. floricola sp. nov. and N. rostrata lies in the number of lateral papillae (four on each side of the spatula in the new species and three in N. rostrata). Additionally, adults of N. floricola sp. nov. have four-segmented palpi, while in N. verbesinae they are three-segmented. Neolasioptera exeupatorii (Cook, 1909), known only from its gall, was not included in our comparison. It induces stem galls on Eupatorium villosum Swartz, a plant with no records in Brazil. Its gall is known only from Cuba.	en	Maia, Valéria Cid, Fernandes, Sheila Patrícia Carvalho (2025): New species of Neolasioptera Felt, 1908 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) from Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20250012) 69: 1-19, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2025-0012
384F87FFFFB3FFC0B339F84DFC97FC8D.taxon	description	(Figs. 4 - 5) urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: B 179 D 762 - 065 A- 4 FEC- 92 B 7 - D 34 A 11 E 72 C 15	en	Maia, Valéria Cid, Fernandes, Sheila Patrícia Carvalho (2025): New species of Neolasioptera Felt, 1908 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) from Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20250012) 69: 1-19, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2025-0012
384F87FFFFB3FFC0B339F84DFC97FC8D.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Spatula five-toothed, three lateral papillae (two setae and one asetose) on each side, four pairs of setose terminal papillae (larva of 3 rd instar), antennal horns present, facial papillae absent, prothoracic spiracle not prominent (pupa), male antenna with 11 flagellomeres and female antenna with 13 - 16 flagellomeres, palpus three or four-segmented, empodia about as long as claws, ovipositor about 5 x as long as 8 th tergite.	en	Maia, Valéria Cid, Fernandes, Sheila Patrícia Carvalho (2025): New species of Neolasioptera Felt, 1908 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) from Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20250012) 69: 1-19, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2025-0012
384F87FFFFB3FFC0B339F84DFC97FC8D.taxon	description	Male: Head (Fig. 4 a) globoid; eye facets circular, closely appressed, except laterally and at vertex. Antenna (Fig. 4 b): scape wider apically than basally, pedicel globoid, 11 flagellomeres, 1 st- 10 th rectangular, slightly longer than wide (1,5 x), each with node setulose and neck short and bare, 11 th ovoid, setulose, 1 st and 2 nd flagellomeres fused, 11 th flagellomere wider and longer than the others; circumfila composed of two horizontal rings connected by two longitudinal bands (Fig. 4 c). Labrum long-attenuate, with three pairs of setae. Hypopharynx of the same shape of labrum, with long lateral setulae anteriorly directed. Palpus four-segmented in two specimens: 1 st and 2 nd segments ovoid, 2 nd segment wider than the others, 3 rd segment claviform or fusiform, 4 th segment claviform, thinner than the others; palpus three-segmented in a single specimen: 1 st and 2 nd segments ovoid, 2 nd segment wider than the others, 3 rd segment claviform; labella hemispherical, with lateral and three short mesal setae. Thorax: scutum with two dorsocentral rows of setae, lateral row of setae on each side, scales intermixed. Scutellum with setae only in the basal half; anepimeron with discal setae and scales, other sclerites bare. Tarsal claws one-toothed, curved beyond midlength, empodia about as long as claws (Fig. 4 d). Wing (Fig. 4 e): C with break at juncture with R 5, Rs absent, Cu forked. Abdomen (Fig. 4 f): tergites more heavily sclerotized than sternites; 1 st- 6 th tergites rectangular with few lateral setae, posterior row of setae, anterior pair of trichoid sensilla, and scattered scales elsewhere. Seventh tergite conspicuously thinner than 6 th tergite with few lateral setae, posterior row of setae, anterior pair of trichoid sensilla, and scattered scales elsewhere; 8 th tergite band-like with only trichoid sensilla as vestiture. 2 nd- 6 th sternites squarish, mesal and posterior row of setae, few lateral setae, anterior pair of trichoid sensilla, and scattered scales; 7 th and 8 th sternites thinner than other sternites with setae posterior and mesal rows of setae contiguous, few lateral setae, anterior pair of trichoid sensilla, and scattered scales elsewhere. Male terminalia (Fig. 4 g): gonocoxite 2.4 x as long as wide, cylindrical, with setae and setulae, about 1.5 - 1.8 x as long as gonostylus; gonostylus claviform, larger basally and tapering towards apex, setulose in the basal third, striated elsewhere, with scattered short setae, and apical claw.; cerci entirely setulose, lobes wide, rounded, with several apical setae; hypoproct simple, entirely setulose, slightly truncate at apex, with apical setae; mesobasal lobes slightly shorter than aedeagus, entirely setulose, with setose papillae on each lobe apically. Aedeagus conical, rounded at apex. Measurements (N = 2): body length 1.95 - 2.15 mm long; head 0.27 mm long, 0.24 - 0.27 mm wide; scape 0.05 mm long, 0.045 mm wide; pedicel 0.03 - 0.04 mm long, 0.04 - 0.05 mm wide; 1 st + 2 nd flagellomeres 0.06 - 0.07 mm long; 3 rd- 6 th flagellomeres 0.030 - 0.04 mm long; 7 th- 9 th flagellomeres 0.03 mm long; 10 th flagellomere 0.02 - 0.03 mm long; 11 th flagellomere 0.035 - 0.04 mm; maxillary palpus: 1 st segment 0.020 - 0.025 mm long; 2 nd segment 0.025 - 0.030 mm long; 3 rd segment 0.035 mm long; 4 th segment 0.04; hypopharynx 0.070 - 0.085 mm long; labellum 0.03 - 0.04 mm long; wing 1.10 - 1.15 mm long; R 5 0.50 - 0.52 mm long; terminalia: gonocoxite 0.12 mm long, 0.05 mm wide; gonostylus 0.07 - 0.08 mm, long 0.015 - 0.017 mm wide. Female: Head: antennae with 13 - 16 flagellomeres, scape trapezoid, wider apically than basally, pedicel globoid, 1 st and 2 nd flagellomeres fused; last flagellomere wider and longer than the others (Fig. 4 h); circumfila as in Fig. 4 i. Palpus: 1 st segment cylindrical, 2 nd segment cylindrical or ovoid, larger than the others, 3 rd segment claviform, 4 th segment claviform or fusiform; labella hemispherical. Thorax: tarsal claws one-toothed, curved beyond midlength, empodia about as long as claws. Abdomen (Fig. 4 j): 1 st- 6 th tergites rectangular, 7 th tergite longer than wide, without sclerotization in the central area of the anterior margin and in the central area of the lateral margin, resulting in a X-shape with anterior “ arms ” thinner than posterior “ arms ”; 8 th tergite, the longest one, trapezoid, about 2.4 x as long as wide, 1 st- 7 th tergites with few posterior setae, few lateral setae, anterior pair of trichoid sensillae and scales elsewhere; 8 th tergite with only posterior setae and anterior pair of trichoid sensilla. 2 nd- 5 th sternites irregularly sclerotized, each with sublateral longitudinal large areas more sclerotized, few mesal setae not forming rows, single posterior row of setae, anterior pair of trichoid sensilla and scales elsewhere; 6 th sternite with few mesal setae not forming rows, double posterior row of setae, anterior pair of trichoid sensilla and scales elsewhere; 7 th sternite with few mesal setae not forming rows, a band of posterior setae, anterior pair of trichoid sensilla and scales elsewhere; 8 th sternite not developed. Ovipositor (Fig. 4 k) about 5 x as long as 8 th tergite; cerci large, fused, entirely setulose, with thick sensory hairs apically; hypoproct small, delicate, bilobed in ventral view, with pair of setae apically. Measurements (N = 4): body length 1.82 - 2.45 mm long; head 0.30 - 0.035 mm long, 0.30 - 0.35 mm wide; scape 0.05 - 0.06 mm long, 0.04 - 0.045 mm wide; pedicel 0.04 mm long, 0.04 - 0.05 mm wide; 1 st + 2 nd flagellomeres 0.07 - 0.08 mm long; 3 rd flagellomeres 0.035 - 0.04 mm long, 4 th- 5 th flagellomeres 0.03 - 0.04 mm long; 6 th- 9 th flagellomeres 0.035 - 0.040, 10 th- 13 th flagellomeres 0.03 - 0.04 mm long; 14 th flagellomere 0.03 mm long; 15 th- 16 th segments 0.025 mm long; maxillary palpus: 1 st segment 0.02 - 0.03 mm long; 2 nd segment 0.030 - 0.035 mm long; 3 rd- 4 th segments 0.04 - 0.05 mm long; hypopharynx 0.06 - 0.08 mm long; labellum 0.045 - 0.050 mm long; wing 1.35 - 1.50 mm long; R 5 0.63 - 0.70 mm long; 8 th tergite 0.13 - 0.14 mm long; ovipositor (N = 3) 0.64 - 0.68 mm long. Pupa (Fig. 5 a): Head (Fig. 5 b): dorsal plate 1.8 - 2.1 x wider than long, 1.2 - 1.3 x longer than apical seta (Fig. 5 c), antennal horns conical, facial papillae absent. Thorax: integument smooth, prothoracic spiracle shorter than apical setae, cylindrical, outer margin not serrated, trachea ending at apex (Fig. 5 d). Abdomen: dorsal spines absent, spicules on dorsal and ventral side (Fig. 5 e). Measurements (N = 2): body length 2.40 - 2.60 mm; apical seta 0.08 - 0.09 mm long; dorsal plate 0.10 - 0.12 mm long, 0.21 - 0.22 mm wide; antennal horn 0.03 - 0.04 mm long; prothoracic spiracle 0.02 - 0.03 mm long. Larva of 3 rd instar: Body fusiform; integument grainy ventrolaterally, ventral spiculae on the central area of each thoracic segment and 1 st to 7 th abdominal segments. Head: cephalic capsule as long as posterolateral apodemes. Thorax: prothoracic spatula long, strongly sclerotized, with five conical teeth, lateral teeth shorter than mesal teeth, mesal teeth subequal in length, no lateral lateral arms, stalk welly developed, tapering towards bases (Fig. 5 f); three lateral papillae (two setae and one asetose) on each side of the spatula. Abdomen: terminal segment with four pairs of setose papillae. Measurements (N = 1): body length 2.00 mm, prothoracic spatula 0.25 mm long.	en	Maia, Valéria Cid, Fernandes, Sheila Patrícia Carvalho (2025): New species of Neolasioptera Felt, 1908 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) from Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20250012) 69: 1-19, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2025-0012
384F87FFFFB3FFC0B339F84DFC97FC8D.taxon	biology_ecology	Host plant: Inga maritima Beth. (Fabaceae). Gall: On stems, leaf veins or petioles, fusiform, green, glabrous, one-chambered. The gall is occupied by a single gall-inducing larva.	en	Maia, Valéria Cid, Fernandes, Sheila Patrícia Carvalho (2025): New species of Neolasioptera Felt, 1908 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) from Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20250012) 69: 1-19, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2025-0012
384F87FFFFB3FFC0B339F84DFC97FC8D.taxon	etymology	Etymology: The word “ fluminensis ” means native from the state of Rio de Janeiro.	en	Maia, Valéria Cid, Fernandes, Sheila Patrícia Carvalho (2025): New species of Neolasioptera Felt, 1908 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) from Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20250012) 69: 1-19, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2025-0012
384F87FFFFB3FFC0B339F84DFC97FC8D.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: Holotype ♂, Brazil, RJ, Maricá, APA de Maricá, 21. VIII. 1998, V. Maia col. (emergence: 23. VIII. 1998) (MNRJ-ENT 1 - 71056); paratypes: same locality, 16. V. 2001, Maia & Azevedo col., 2 ♀ (MNRJ-ENT 1 - 71054, MNRJ-ENT 1 - 71055); 05. VI. 1998, V. Maia col., 1 pupal exuvia (MNRJ-ENT 1 - 71053); Itaipuaçu, 04. IX. 1008, V. Maia col., 1 pupal exuvia (MNRJ-ENT 1 - 71052), 2 larvae of third instar (MNRJ-ENT 1 - 71051); Arraial do Cabo, 17. I. 2012, S. H. S. Ascendino col., 2 ♂ (MNRJ-ENT 1 - 71049, MNRJ-ENT 1 - 71050); Saquarema, 28. IX. 2011, V. Maia col., 1 ♀ (MNRJ-ENT 1 - 71048), 4 pupal exuviae (MNRJ-ENT 1 - 71047). Additional material: Brazil, RJ, Saquarema, 28. IX. 2011, S. H. S. Ascendino col., 4 ♀ (MNRJ-ENT 1 - 71041, MNRJ-ENT 1 - 71042, MNRJ-ENT 1 - 71043, MNRJ-ENT 1 - 71049, MNRJ-ENT 1 - 71045), and 1 larva of third instar (MNRJ-ENT 1 - 71040); same locality, 28. IX. 2011, V. C. Maia col., 1 ♀ (MNRJ-ENT 1 - 71044), Arraial do Cabo, 17. I. 2012, S. H. S. Ascendino col., 1 ♀ (MNRJ-ENT 1 - 71046).	en	Maia, Valéria Cid, Fernandes, Sheila Patrícia Carvalho (2025): New species of Neolasioptera Felt, 1908 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) from Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20250012) 69: 1-19, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2025-0012
384F87FFFFB3FFC0B339F84DFC97FC8D.taxon	distribution	Geographical distribution: Brazil, RJ: Rio de Janeiro (Marambaia and Grumari), Maricá, Saquarema, Araruama, Arraial do Cabo, and São João da Barra (Atlantic Forest - restinga) (Oliveira and Maia, 2005; Carvalho-Fernandes et al., 2016; Maia and Silva, 2016).	en	Maia, Valéria Cid, Fernandes, Sheila Patrícia Carvalho (2025): New species of Neolasioptera Felt, 1908 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) from Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20250012) 69: 1-19, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2025-0012
384F87FFFFB3FFC0B339F84DFC97FC8D.taxon	discussion	Comments: There are six Neotropical species of Neolasioptera on Fabaceae (Gagné and Jaschhof, 2025). Among them, only Neolasioptera fluminensis sp. nov. has five-toothed spatula and three lateral papillae on each side (larva), not prominent prothoracic spiracle (pupa), and antenna with 11 flagellomeres in male and 13 - 16 in female. Neolasioptera fariae also has a five-toothed spatula, but it differs from the new species in the length of the pupal apical setae (157 µm), number of male and female antennal flagellomeres, 15 and 22, respectively, and relative length of empodia (as long as tarsal claws in the new species and longer than those in N. fariae). Terminalia masculina e feminina	en	Maia, Valéria Cid, Fernandes, Sheila Patrícia Carvalho (2025): New species of Neolasioptera Felt, 1908 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) from Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20250012) 69: 1-19, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2025-0012
384F87FFFFBFFFC3B0CBFC81FA2FF9F3.taxon	description	(Figs. 6 - 8) urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 22 B 7 DB 67 - F 0 B 5 - 4 B 8 F-BACB-D 2 B 020381937	en	Maia, Valéria Cid, Fernandes, Sheila Patrícia Carvalho (2025): New species of Neolasioptera Felt, 1908 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) from Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20250012) 69: 1-19, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2025-0012
384F87FFFFBFFFC3B0CBFC81FA2FF9F3.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Spatula three-toothed, mesal tooth shorter than lateral, four lateral papillae (two with setae and two asetose) on each side, four pairs of setose terminal papillae (larva of 3 rd instar), antennal horns present, facial papillae absent, abdominal spiracles prominent (pupa), male antenna with 10 - 11 flagellomeres and female antenna with 12 - 16 flagellomeres, palpus three-segmented, empodia longer than claws, ovipositor about 4.5 - 5.0 x as long as 8 th tergite.	en	Maia, Valéria Cid, Fernandes, Sheila Patrícia Carvalho (2025): New species of Neolasioptera Felt, 1908 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) from Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20250012) 69: 1-19, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2025-0012
384F87FFFFBFFFC3B0CBFC81FA2FF9F3.taxon	description	Male: Head (Fig. 6 a) globoid; eye facets circular, closely appressed, except laterally and at vertex; antenna (Fig, 6 b): scape wider apically than basally, pedicel globoid, 10 - 11 flagellomeres, 1 st and 2 nd flagellomeres fused, all flagellomeres squarish, each with node setulose and neck short and bare, except the last one (conical); circumfila composed of two horizontal rings connected by two longitudinal bands (Fig. 6 c); mouth parts: labrum long-attenuate, with three pairs of setae; hypopharynx of the same shape of labrum, with long lateral setulae anteriorly directed; palpus three-segmented, 1 st and 2 nd segments ovoid, subequal in length, shorter than the last segment; 3 rd fusiform, longer and thinner than the others, labella pointed distally, with lateral and mesal setae. Thorax: scutum with two dorsocentral rows of setae, lateral row of setae on each side, scales intermixed; scutellum with setae in the central area, scales intermixed; anepimeron with a longitudinal group of setae and some scales, other pleura bare; tarsal claws one-toothed, curved beyond midlength, empodia longer than claws (Fig. 6 d); wing (Fig. 6 e): C with break at juncture with R 5, Rs absent, Cu forked. Abdomen (Fig. 6 f): 1 st- 7 th tergites rectangular with single posterior row of setae, no lateral setae, scattered scales, and anterior pair of trichoid sensilla; 8 th tergites not sclerotized, with only trichoid sensillae as vestiture; 2 nd- 8 th rectangular, with single posterior row of setae, few mesal setae, lateral setae, scattered scales, and anterior pair of trichoid sensilla. Male terminalia (Fig. 6 g): gonocoxite 2.2 - 2.8 x as long as wide, cylindrical, setose, setulose 1.4 - 1.70 x as long as gonostylus; gonostylus 4 x as long as wide, claviform, larger subbasally and tapering towards apex, setulose in the basal 1 / 3, striated in the distal 2 / 3, with scattered short setae, and apical claw; cerci entirely setulose, lobes wide, rounded, with several apical setae; hypoproct entirely setulose, simple, convex apically, with apical setae; mesobasal lobes slightly shorter than aedeagus, entirely setulose, with setose papillae on each lobe apically; aedeagus cylindrical, not constricted subapically, convex at apex. Measurements (N = 5): body length 2.40 – 2.80 mm long; head 0.27 - 0.30 mm long, 0.27 - 0.30 mm wide; scape 0.05 mm long, 0.04 - 0.055 mm wide; pedicel 0.04 - 0.05 mm long, 0.04 - 0.05 mm wide; 1 st + 2 nd flagellomeres 0.04 - 0.08 mm long; 3 rd- 9 th flagellomeres 0.03 - 0.04 mm long; 10 th flagellomeres 0.03 mm long; 11 th- 12 th flagellomeres 0.02 - 0.03 mm long; maxillary palpus: 1 st segment 0.02 mm long, 2 nd segment 0.03 mm long, 3 rd segment 0.04 mm long, 4 th segment 0.07 - 0.08 mm long; hypopharynx 0.08 - 0.09 mm long; labellum 0.04 mm long; wing 1.15 - 1.28 mm long; R 5 0.50 - 0.55 mm long; terminalia: gonocoxite 0.12 - 0.14 mm long, 0.04 - 0.06 mm wide; gonostylus 0.07 mm long, 0.02 mm wide. Female: Head (Fig. 6 h): antennae (Fig. 6 e) with 12 - 16 flagellomeres, scape trapezoid, pedicel globoid, 1 st and 2 nd flagellomeres fused, circumfila as in Fig. 6 j. Thorax: tarsal claws one-toothed, curved beyond midlength, empodia about as long as claws (Fig. 7 a), wing as in Fig. 7 b. Abdomen (Fig. 7 c): 1 st- 7 th tergites rectangular with single posterior row of setae, no lateral setae, scattered scales, and anterior pair of trichoid sensilla, 8 th tergite as two longitudinal sclerites incompletely divided, connected subapically, with only anterior pair of trichoid sensilla as vestiture; 2 nd- 7 th sternites rectangular with single posterior row of setae, complete row of lateral setae, scattered mesal setae, scattered scales, and anterior pair of trichoid sensilla, 8 th sternite not sclerotized. Ovipositor (Fig. 7 c) about 4.5 - 5.0 x as long as 8 th tergite; cerci large, fused, entirely setulose, with thick sensory hairs apically; hypoproct small, delicate, slightly concave in ventral view, with pair of setae apically. Measurements (N = 2): body length 2.50 - 2.90 mm long; head 0.30 - 0.35 mm long, 0.30 - 0.35 mm wide; scape 0.05 - 0.06 mm long, 0.04 - 0.045 mm wide; pedicel 0.04 - 0.05 mm long, 0.04 - 0.05 mm wide; 1 st + 2 nd flagellomeres 0.08 mm long; 3 rd- 14 th flagellomeres; 0.03 - 0.04 mm long, 15 th flagellomeres 0.06; maxillary palpus: 1 st segment 0.025 mm long; 2 nd segment 0.04 mm long; 3 rd- 4 th segments 0.05 mm long; hypopharynx 0.09 mm long; labellum 0.07 mm long; wing 1.35 - 1.43 mm long; R 5 0.59 - 0.62 mm long; 8 th tergite 0.20 mm long; ovipositor (N = 3) 0.92 - 1.00 mm long. Pupa (Fig. 7 d): Head (Fig. 7 e): dorsal plate 1.9 - 2.5 x wider than long, as long as apical seta (Fig. 7 f), antennal horns conical, facial papillae absent. Thorax: integument smooth, prothoracic spiracle as long as or slightly longer than apical setae, cylindrical, outer margin not serrated, trachea ending at apex (Fig. 7 g). Abdomen: dorsal spines absent, spiracles prominent, spicules on dorsal and ventral side (Fig. 8 a). Measurements (N = 5): body length 2.30 - 2.80 mm; apical seta 0.06 - 0.08 mm long; dorsal plate 0.06 - 0.09 mm long, 0.15 - 0.17 mm wide; antennal horn 0.03 mm long; prothoracic spiracle 0.06 - 0.08 mm long. Larva of 3 rd instar (Fig. 8 b): Body fusiform; integument grainy ventrolaterally, ventral spiculae on the central area of each thoracic segment and 1 st to 7 th abdominal segments. Head: cephalic capsule as long as posterolateral apodemes. Thorax: prothoracic spatula long, strongly sclerotized, with three conical teeth, mesal tooth shorter than lateral teeth, lateral arms strongly developed, stalk well developed, anchor-like bases (Fig. 8 c), four lateral papillae on each side, two with setae and two asetose (Fig. 8 d). Abdomen: terminal segment with four pairs of setose papillae. Measurements (N = 5): body length 2.25 - 2.50 mm, prothoracic spatula 0.30 - 0.32 mm long.	en	Maia, Valéria Cid, Fernandes, Sheila Patrícia Carvalho (2025): New species of Neolasioptera Felt, 1908 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) from Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20250012) 69: 1-19, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2025-0012
384F87FFFFBFFFC3B0CBFC81FA2FF9F3.taxon	biology_ecology	Host plant: Hexasepalum apiculatum (Willd.) Delprete & J. H. Kirkbr. (Rubiaceae). In all labels, the host plant is written as Diodella apiculata, a synonym of Hexasepalum apiculatum. Gall: Stem swelling, fusiform, brown, glabrous, and multichambered (Fig. 101 in Carvalho-Fernandes et al. (2016).	en	Maia, Valéria Cid, Fernandes, Sheila Patrícia Carvalho (2025): New species of Neolasioptera Felt, 1908 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) from Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20250012) 69: 1-19, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2025-0012
384F87FFFFBFFFC3B0CBFC81FA2FF9F3.taxon	etymology	Etymology: The word “ hexasepali ” refers to the genus of the host plant.	en	Maia, Valéria Cid, Fernandes, Sheila Patrícia Carvalho (2025): New species of Neolasioptera Felt, 1908 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) from Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20250012) 69: 1-19, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2025-0012
384F87FFFFBFFFC3B0CBFC81FA2FF9F3.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: Holotype ♂, Brazil, RJ, Arraial do Cabo, Parque Estadual da Costa do Sol, 17. I. 2012, S. P. C. Fernandes col.; paratypes: same data, 4 ♂, 1 ♀, 5 pupal exuviae; same locality and collector, 25. I. 2012, 3 ♀, 2 pupal exuviae, 3 larvae of 3 rd instar; 26. III. 2012, 1 ♂, 3 pupal exuviae, 2 larvae of 3 rd instar. Additional material: Brazil, RJ, Arraial do Cabo, Parque Estadual da Costa do Sol, 26. III. 2012, S. P. C. Fernandes col., 3 ♂.	en	Maia, Valéria Cid, Fernandes, Sheila Patrícia Carvalho (2025): New species of Neolasioptera Felt, 1908 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) from Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20250012) 69: 1-19, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2025-0012
384F87FFFFBFFFC3B0CBFC81FA2FF9F3.taxon	distribution	Geographical distribution: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro: Araruama, Arraial do Cabo, Cabo Frio, and São João da Barra (Atlantic Forest - restinga).	en	Maia, Valéria Cid, Fernandes, Sheila Patrícia Carvalho (2025): New species of Neolasioptera Felt, 1908 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) from Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20250012) 69: 1-19, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2025-0012
384F87FFFFBFFFC3B0CBFC81FA2FF9F3.taxon	discussion	Comments: There is only one previously known species of Neolasioptera on Rubiaceae in the world, N. borreriae Möhn, 1964 (Gagné and Jaschhof, 2025). It was described from El Salvador and induces galls on Borreria verticillata. The new species differs from it in the number of segments of the palpi (three in N. hexasepali sp. nov. and four in N. borreriae), in the relative length of the empodia (as long as the tarsal claws in N. hexasepali sp. nov. and shorter than those in N. borreriae), length of the pupal antennal horns (longer in the new species), and length of abdominal spiracles (prominent only in the new species).	en	Maia, Valéria Cid, Fernandes, Sheila Patrícia Carvalho (2025): New species of Neolasioptera Felt, 1908 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) from Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20250012) 69: 1-19, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2025-0012
384F87FFFFBCFFC6B31BF9D3FC43F905.taxon	description	(Figs. 9 - 10) urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 14 BC 7 FD 6 - 9541 - 417 E- 9206 - 50 E 77 BA 81636	en	Maia, Valéria Cid, Fernandes, Sheila Patrícia Carvalho (2025): New species of Neolasioptera Felt, 1908 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) from Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20250012) 69: 1-19, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2025-0012
384F87FFFFBCFFC6B31BF9D3FC43F905.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Spatula three-toothed, mesal tooth shorter than lateral, four lateral papillae (two with setae and two asetose) on each side, four pairs of setose papillae (larva of 3 rd instar), antennal horns present, facial papillae absent (pupa), male antenna with 10 - 11 flagellomeres and female antenna with 16 flagellomeres, palpus four-segmented, empodia longer than claws, ovipositor about 7.5 - as long as 8 th tergite.	en	Maia, Valéria Cid, Fernandes, Sheila Patrícia Carvalho (2025): New species of Neolasioptera Felt, 1908 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) from Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20250012) 69: 1-19, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2025-0012
384F87FFFFBCFFC6B31BF9D3FC43F905.taxon	description	Male: Head (Fig. 9 a) globoid; eye facets circular, closely appressed, except laterally and at vertex; antenna (Fig. 9 b): scape wider apically than basally, pedicel globoid, 10 - 11 flagellomeres, 1 st- 14 th flagellomeres squarish, each with node setulose and neck short and bare, last flagellomere ovoid, setulose, 1 st and 2 nd flagellomeres fused, 11 th and 12 th free (in five specimens) or incompletely fused (in two specimens); circumfila composed of two horizontal rings connected by two longitudinal bands (Fig. 9 c); mouth parts: labrum long-attenuate, with three pairs of setae; hypopharynx of the same shape of labrum, with long lateral setulae anteriorly directed; palpus four-segmented, 1 st segment ovoid, shorter than the others, 2 nd and 3 rd ovoid, subequal in length, 2 nd segment larger than the others, 4 th segment fusiform, longer and thinner than the others, labella pointed apically, with lateral and mesal setae. Thorax: scutum with two dorsocentral rows of setae, lateral row of setae on each side, scales intermixed; scutellum with setae in the central area, scales intermixed; anepimeron with a longitudinal row of setae and some scales, other pleura bare; tarsal claws one-toothed, curved beyond midlength, empodia longer than claws (Fig. 9 d); wing (Fig. 9 e): C with break at juncture with R 5, Rs absent, Cu forked. Abdomen (Fig. 9 f): 1 st- 7 th tergites rectangular with single posterior row of setae, lateral row of setae, scattered scales, and anterior pair of trichoid sensilla; 8 th tergites band-like, with only trichoid sensillae as vestiture; 2 nd- 8 th partially sclerotized (mesal area and anterior margin not sclerotized centrally), 2 nd- 6 th sternites with single posterior row of setae, few mesal setae, lateral setae, scattered scales, and anterior pair of trichoid sensilla, 7 th and 8 th sternites with double posterior row of setae, no mesal setae, few lateral setae, scattered scales, and anterior pair of trichoid sensilla. Male terminalia (Figs. 9 g): gonocoxite 2.3 - 3.0 x as long as wide, cylindrical, setose, setulose 1.7 - 2.0 x as long as gonostylus; gonostylus 3.5 x as long as wide, claviform, larger subbasally and tapering towards apex, setulose in the basal 1 / 3, striated in the distal 2 / 3, with scattered short setae, and apical claw; cerci entirely setulose, lobes wide, rounded, with several apical setae; hypoproct entirely setulose, simple, convex apically, with apical setae; mesobasal lobes slightly shorter than aedeagus, entirely setulose, with setose papillae on each lobe apically; aedeagus cylindrical, slightly constricted subapically, convex at apex. Measurements (N = 3): body length 2.40 - 2.70 mm long (N = 2); head 0.27 - 0.30 mm long, 0.27 - 0.30 mm wide; scape 0.05 mm long, 0.05 mm wide; pedicel 0.04 mm long, 0.04 mm wide; 1 st + 2 nd flagellomeres 0.07 mm long; 3 rd- 5 th flagellomeres 0.035 mm long; 6 th- 9 th flagellomeres 0.04 mm long; 10 th flagellomere 0.06 mm long; maxillary palpus: 1 st- 3 rd segments smached; 4 th segment 0.07 mm long; hypopharynx 0.08 mm long; labellum 0.035 mm long; wing 1.25 - 1.30 mm long; R 5 0.53 - 0.60 mm long; terminalia: gonocoxite 0.14 mm long, 0.05 mm wide; gonostylus 0.08 mm long, 0.015 mm wide. Female: Head (Fig. 9 h): antennae with 16 flagellomeres, 14 th and 16 th flagellomeres partially fused, scape trapezoid, pedicel globoid, 1 st and 2 nd flagellomeres fused, circumfila as inFig. 9 i; mouth parts: palpus: 1 st segment ovoid, 2 nd segment cylindrical, wider than the others, 3 rd and 4 th segments fusiform, subequal in length, 4 th segment thinner than the others; labella hemispherical. Thorax: tarsal claws one-toothed, curved beyond midlength, as long as empodium (Fig. 9 j). Abdomen (Fig. 10 a): 1 st- 6 th tergites rectangular with single posterior row of setae, no lateral setae, scattered scales, and anterior pair of trichoid sensilla, 7 th tergite rectangular with single posterior row of setae, lateral setae only at posterior half, scattered scales, and anterior pair of trichoid sensilla, 8 th tergite as two longitudinal sclerites incompletely divided, connected subapically, with posterior setae and anterior pair of trichoid sensilla; 2 nd- 7 th sternites partially sclerotized, as two longitudinal sclerites, all with single posterior row of setae, complete row of lateral setae, scattered mesal setae, scattered scales, and anterior pair of trichoid sensilla, 8 th sternite not sclerotized. Ovipositor (Fig. 10 a) about 7.5 x as long as 8 th tergite; cerci large, fused, entirely setulose, with thick sensory hairs apically; hypoproct small, delicate, slightly concave in ventral view, with pair of setae apically. Measurements (N = 2): body length 2.10 - 2.80 mm long; head 0.29 - 0.31 mm long, 0.24 - 0.32 mm wide; scape 0.05 - 0.06 mm long, 0.04 - 0.06 mm wide; pedicel 0.040 - 0.045 mm long, 0.045 - 0.05 mm wide; 1 st + 2 nd flagellomeres 0.060 - 0.075 mm long; 3 rd- 7 th flagellomeres 0.04 mm long, 8 th- 12 th flagellomeres 0.035 - 0.040 mm long; 13 th flagellomere 0.03 - 0.04, 14 th- 15 th flagellomeres 0.035 - 0.040 mm long; 16 th flagellomere 0.03 mm long; mouth parts smashed; wing 1.22 - 1.50 mm long; R 5 0.52 - 0.65 mm long; 8 th tergite 0.15 - 0.17 mm long; ovipositor (N = 3) 1.13 - 1.24 mm long. Pupa (Fig. 10 b): Head: dorsal plate 1.5 - 1.8 x wider than long,. 085 - 1.1 x longer than apical seta (Fig. 10 c), antennal horns conical (Fig. 10 d), facial papillae absent. Thorax: integument smooth, prothoracic spiracle as long as or slightly longer than apical setae, cylindrical, outer margin not serrated, trachea ending at apex (Fig. 10 e). Abdomen: dorsal spines absent, spicules on dorsal and ventral side (Fig. 10 f). Measurements (N = 5): body length 2.55 - 2.75 mm; apical seta 0.07 - 0.08 mm long; dorsal plate 0.06 - 0.08 mm long, 0.16 - 0.18 mm wide; antennal horn 0.01 mm long; prothoracic spiracle 0.08 - 0.11 mm long. Larva of 3 rd instar: Body fusiform; integument grainy ventrolaterally, ventral spiculae on the central area of each thoracic segment and 1 st to 7 th abdominal segments. Head: cephalic capsule as long as posterolateral apodemes. Thorax: prothoracic spatula long, strongly sclerotized, with three conical teeth, mesal teeth shorter than lateral teeth, lateral arms strongly developed, stalk welly developed, anchor-like bases (Fig. 10 g), four lateral papillae on each side, two with setae and two asetose. Abdomen: terminal segment with four pairs of papillae with setae. Measurements (N = 2): body length 2.00 - 2.45 mm, prothoracic spatula 0.26 - 0.27 mm long.	en	Maia, Valéria Cid, Fernandes, Sheila Patrícia Carvalho (2025): New species of Neolasioptera Felt, 1908 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) from Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20250012) 69: 1-19, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2025-0012
384F87FFFFBCFFC6B31BF9D3FC43F905.taxon	biology_ecology	Host plant: Myriopus villosus Salzm. ex DC. (Heliotropiaceae) – recorded as Tournefortia villosa Salzm. ex DC. (Boraginaceae). Gall: Stem swelling, fusiform, green, glabrous, multichambered (Fig. 16. in Carvalho-Fernandes et al. (2016).	en	Maia, Valéria Cid, Fernandes, Sheila Patrícia Carvalho (2025): New species of Neolasioptera Felt, 1908 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) from Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20250012) 69: 1-19, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2025-0012
384F87FFFFBCFFC6B31BF9D3FC43F905.taxon	etymology	Etymology: The word “ myriopi ” refers to the genus of the host plant.	en	Maia, Valéria Cid, Fernandes, Sheila Patrícia Carvalho (2025): New species of Neolasioptera Felt, 1908 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) from Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20250012) 69: 1-19, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2025-0012
384F87FFFFBCFFC6B31BF9D3FC43F905.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: Holotype ♂, Brazil, RJ, Araruama, Parque Estadual da Costa do Sol, 08. VII. 2011, S. H. Ascendino col.; paratypes: same data, 3 ♂, 5 ♀, 3 pupal exuviae, 2 larvae of 3 rd instar; same locality and collector, 03. VI. 2011, 1 ♂, 5 ♀, 12 pupal exuviae, 1 larva of 3 rd instar. In all labels, the host plant is written as Tournefortia villosa, a synonym of Myriopus villosus.	en	Maia, Valéria Cid, Fernandes, Sheila Patrícia Carvalho (2025): New species of Neolasioptera Felt, 1908 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) from Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20250012) 69: 1-19, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2025-0012
384F87FFFFBCFFC6B31BF9D3FC43F905.taxon	distribution	Geographical distribution: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro: Araruama (Atlantic Forest - restinga).	en	Maia, Valéria Cid, Fernandes, Sheila Patrícia Carvalho (2025): New species of Neolasioptera Felt, 1908 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) from Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20250012) 69: 1-19, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2025-0012
384F87FFFFBCFFC6B31BF9D3FC43F905.taxon	discussion	Comments: According to Gagné and Jaschhof (2025), there are three species of Neolasioptera in the world previously known associated with Boraginaceae, all reported from the Neotropical region: N. cordiae Möhn, 1964; N. tournefortiae Möhn, 1964 and N. tridentifera (Kieffer & Jörgensen, 1910). Neolasioptera myriopi sp. nov. has three-toothed spatula as N. tridentifera and N. tournefortiae, while N. cordiae and N. fariae have five-toothed spatula. In new species, the mesal tooth of the spatula is shorter than lateral ones and the lateral arms are strongly sclerotized as in N. tournefortiae. Both species also have four lateral papillae on each side of the spatula and four pairs of setose terminal papillae. Nevertheless, their larvae differ in the shape of the middle teeth, which is conical in the new species and with slightly bilobed in N. tournefortiae. In N. tridentifera, the middle tooth is longer than the lateral ones.	en	Maia, Valéria Cid, Fernandes, Sheila Patrícia Carvalho (2025): New species of Neolasioptera Felt, 1908 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) from Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20250012) 69: 1-19, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2025-0012
384F87FFFFB9FFD9B339F939FB8DF950.taxon	description	(Figs. 11 - 12) urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: DDF 774 B 2 - 5200 - 4 B 5 A-B 606 - 7 A 105 F 367033	en	Maia, Valéria Cid, Fernandes, Sheila Patrícia Carvalho (2025): New species of Neolasioptera Felt, 1908 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) from Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20250012) 69: 1-19, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2025-0012
384F87FFFFB9FFD9B339F939FB8DF950.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Spatula three-toothed, mesal tooth shorter than lateral, four lateral papillae (two with setae and two asetose) on each side, three pairs of setose papillae (larva of 3 rd instar), antennal horns present (conical), facial papillae absent (pupa), male antenna with 13 flagellomeres and female antenna with 15 - 18 flagellomeres, palpus four-segmented, empodia longer than claws, ovipositor about 5 x as long as 8 th tergite.	en	Maia, Valéria Cid, Fernandes, Sheila Patrícia Carvalho (2025): New species of Neolasioptera Felt, 1908 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) from Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20250012) 69: 1-19, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2025-0012
384F87FFFFB9FFD9B339F939FB8DF950.taxon	description	Male: Head: eye facets circular, closely appressed, except laterally and at vertex; antenna: scape smashed, pedicel globoid, 13 flagellomeres, 1 st and 2 nd flagellomeres fused, 3 rd- 12 th flagellomeres squarish each with node setulose and neck short and bare, 13 th flagellomere conical, setulose; circumfila composed of two horizontal rings connected by two longitudinal bands (Fig. 11 a); mouth parts barely visible in the preparation. Thorax: scutum with two dorsocentral rows of setae, lateral row of setae on each side, scales intermixed; scutellum with setae only in the basal half; anepimeron with a longitudinal row of setae and some scales, other pleura bare; tarsal claws one-toothed, curved beyond midlength, empodia longer than claws (Fig. 11 b); wing (Fig. 11 c): C with break at juncture with R 5, Rs reduced to bend on R 5, Cu forked. Abdomen: sclerites with basal pair of trichoid sensillae; 1 st- 7 th tergites rectangular with scattered scales, no lateral setae, single posterior row of setae; 8 th tergite with only trichoid sensillae as vestiture; 2 nd- 8 th sternites rectangular, with scattered scales, mesal and posterior row of setae contiguous, several lateral setae, 7 th and 8 th sternites with setae of posterior row more abundant than in the others sternites. Male terminalia (Fig. 11 d): gonocoxite cylindrical, setose and setulose; gonostylus claviform, larger basally and tapering towards apex, setulose in the basal half, striated in the distal half, with scattered short setae, and apical claw; cerci entirely setulose, lobes wide, rounded, with several apical setae; hypoproct entirely setulose, simple, convex apically, with apical setae; mesobasal lobes slightly shorter than aedeagus, entirely setulose, with setose papillae on each lobe apically; aedeagus with truncate apically. Measurements (N = 1): body length: 2.12 mm long; head 0.27 mm long, smashed laterally; scape smashed; pedicel globoid, 0.030 mm long, 0.03 mm wide, 1 st and 2 nd flagellomeres 0.07 mm long, 3 rd- 7 th flagellomeres 0.04 mm long, 8 th- 10 th flagellomeres 0.03 mm long, 11 th- 13 th flagellomeres 0.02 mm long; mouth parts barely visible in the preparation; wing 1.54 mm long, R 5 0.58 mm wide; terminalia: gonocoxite 0.18 mm long, 0.07 mm wide; gonostylus 0.07 mm long, 0.015 mm wide. Female: Head (Fig. 11 e): antennae with 15 - 18 flagellomeres, scape trapezoid, pedicel globoid, 1 st and 2 nd flagellomeres fused; circumfila as in Fig. 11 f, mouth parts: labrum long-attenuate, with three pairs of setae; hypopharynx of the same shape of labrum, with long lateral setulae anteriorly directed; palpus four-segmented, 1 st segment ovoid or cylindrical, shorter than the others, 2 nd- 4 th cylindrical, subequal in length, 2 nd segment larger than the others, labella pointed distally, with lateral and mesal setae. Abdomen (Fig. 11 g): sclerites with basal pair of trichoid sensillae; 1 st- 7 th tergites rectangular with scattered scales, no lateral setae, single posterior row of setae, 8 th tergite divided into two longitudinal sclerites, with trichoid sensillae and two posterior setae; 2 nd- 7 th sternites rectangular, with lateral setae, mesal and posterior row of setae, 6 th and 7 th sternites with setae more abundant, 8 th sternite not developed. Ovipositor (Figs. 12 a, b) about 5 x as long as 8 th tergite; cerci large, fused, entirely setulose, with thick sensory hairs apically; hypoproct small, delicate, bilobed in ventral view, with pair of setae apically. Measurements: body length 3.10 - 3.30 mm long; head 0.31 - 0.32 mm of diameter (N = 3); scape 0.05 - 0.07 mm long, 0.05 mm wide; pedicel 0.040 mm long, 0.04 - 0.05 mm wide; 1 st + 2 nd flagellomeres 0.08 mm long; 3 rd- 7 th flagellomeres 0.04 mm long, 8 th flagellomere longer than the others in one specimen (0.05 mm long) and as long as the precedent in another; 9 th- 15 th flagellomeres 0.03 - 0.035 mm long; 16 th flagellomere 0.03 mm long in one specimen and 0.045 in another (in this case it is the last flagellomere), 17 th flagellomere 0.03 mm long, 18 th 0.02 mm long; mouthparts (N = 2): maxillary palpus: 1 st segment 0.01 - 0.03 mm long, 2 nd- 4 th segments 0.04 mm long; hypopharynx 0.09 - 0.10 mm long; labellum 0.04 - 0.05 mm long; wing (N = 3) 1.55 - 1.70 mm long; R 5 0.70 - 0.79 mm long; 8 th tergite 0.15 - 0.17 mm long (N = 3); ovipositor (N = 4) 0.72 - 0.83 mm long. Pupa (Fig. 12 c): Head (Fig. 12 d): dorsal plate 2.3 - 2.8 x wider than long, 1.0 - 1.3 x longer than apical seta, antennal horns conical, no facial papillae. Thorax: integument smooth, prothoracic spiracle slightly longer than apical setae, cylindrical, outer margin not serrated, trachea ending at apex (Fig. 12 e). Abdomen: dorsal spines absent, spicules on dorsal and ventral side, spiracles prominent. Measurements (N = 3): body length 2.85 - 23.12 mm; apical seta 0.07 - 0.09 mm long; dorsal plate 0.070 - 0.085 mm long, 0.18 - 0.20 mm wide; antennal horn 0.01 mm long; prothoracic spiracle 0.10 - 0.12 mm long. Larva of 3 rd instar (Fig. 12 f): Body fusiform; integument grainy ventrolaterally, ventral spiculae on the central area of each thoracic segment and 1 st to 7 th abdominal segments Head: cephalic capsule as long as posterolateral apodemes. Thorax: prothoracic spatula long, strongly sclerotized, with three conical teeth, mesal tooth shorter than lateral teeth, lateral arms developed, stalk well developed, anchor-like bases, four lateral papillae on each side, two with setae and two asetose (Fig. 12 g). Abdomen: terminal segment with three pairs of setose papillae. Measurements: body length 3.10 - 3.45 mm (N = 2), prothoracic spatula 0.23 - 0.29 mm long (N = 5).	en	Maia, Valéria Cid, Fernandes, Sheila Patrícia Carvalho (2025): New species of Neolasioptera Felt, 1908 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) from Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20250012) 69: 1-19, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2025-0012
384F87FFFFB9FFD9B339F939FB8DF950.taxon	biology_ecology	Host Plant: Rolandra fruticosa (L.) Kuntze (Asteraceae) Gall: Stem swelling, fusiform, green, with short trichomes, one-chambered (Fig. 188 in Maia et al. (2014).	en	Maia, Valéria Cid, Fernandes, Sheila Patrícia Carvalho (2025): New species of Neolasioptera Felt, 1908 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) from Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20250012) 69: 1-19, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2025-0012
384F87FFFFB9FFD9B339F939FB8DF950.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The word “ rolandrae ” refers to the genus of the host plant.	en	Maia, Valéria Cid, Fernandes, Sheila Patrícia Carvalho (2025): New species of Neolasioptera Felt, 1908 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) from Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20250012) 69: 1-19, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2025-0012
384F87FFFFB9FFD9B339F939FB8DF950.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype ♂, Brazil, ES, Santa Teresa, E. B. Santa Lúcia, Trilha Indaiaçu, 09. II. 2009, V. Maia col.; paratypes: same data, 1 ♀; same locality and collector, Trilha do Túmulo, same collector, 18. V. 2008, 5 larvae of 3 rd instar, 20. VIII. 2009, 2 larvae of 3 rd instar; P. N. M. São Lourenço, 12. VII. 2008, same collector, 3 ♀, 3 pupal exuviae; R. B. Augusto Ruschi, 26. VI. 2009, V. Maia col., 1 pupal exuviae. Additional material. Brazil, ES, Santa Teresa, E. B. Santa Lúcia, Trilha Indaiaçu, 23. VI. 2007, V. Maia col., 4 larvae of 3 rd instar, 18. V. 2008, 2 larvae of 3 rd instar, 20. VIII. 2009, 1 pupal exuviae. In all labels the host plant is written as Rolandra sp. (the botanical species was determined posteriorly).	en	Maia, Valéria Cid, Fernandes, Sheila Patrícia Carvalho (2025): New species of Neolasioptera Felt, 1908 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) from Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20250012) 69: 1-19, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2025-0012
384F87FFFFB9FFD9B339F939FB8DF950.taxon	distribution	Geographical distribution: Brazil, ES, Santa Teresa (Atlantic Forest – ombrophilous forest).	en	Maia, Valéria Cid, Fernandes, Sheila Patrícia Carvalho (2025): New species of Neolasioptera Felt, 1908 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) from Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20250012) 69: 1-19, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2025-0012
384F87FFFFB9FFD9B339F939FB8DF950.taxon	discussion	Comments: In the Neotropical region, there are 20 species of Neolasioptera previously described associated with Asteraceae (Gagné and Jaschhof, 2025). Among them, Neolasioptera rolandrae, sp. nov., N. lapalmae Möhn, 1964 and N. senecionis Möhn, 1964 are the only species whose larvae have three-toothed spatula, being the mesal tooth clearly shorter than the lateral teeth and three pairs of terminal papillae. Neolasioptera rolandrae sp. n. differs from them in the presence of pupal antennal horn (absent in both species), as well as in the number of male and female flagellomeres (males: 15 flagellomeres in N. lapalmae and N. senecionis, and 13 in the new species; females: 23 flagellomeres in N. lapalmae, 20 - 22 in N. senecionis, and 15 - 18 in the new species) and relative length of empodia (longer than tarsal claws only in the new species).	en	Maia, Valéria Cid, Fernandes, Sheila Patrícia Carvalho (2025): New species of Neolasioptera Felt, 1908 (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) from Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20250012) 69: 1-19, DOI: 10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2025-0012
