taxonID	type	description	language	source
16294ED587C75DD4B93A9695E52F01FC.taxon	type_taxon	Type genus. Helix Linnaeus, 1758	en	Korábek, Ondřej, Dolejš, Petr, Coufal, Radovan, Juřičková, Lucie, Kubíková, Kateřina, Hausdorf, Bernhard (2025): A new distinctive lineage of Helix (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Helicidae), with a guide to Helix species from mainland Greece. ZooKeys 1249: 93-135, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.143635
10EF5060A5435B47834E2B5E80D3F675.taxon	description	Figs 28, 29	en	Korábek, Ondřej, Dolejš, Petr, Coufal, Radovan, Juřičková, Lucie, Kubíková, Kateřina, Hausdorf, Bernhard (2025): A new distinctive lineage of Helix (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Helicidae), with a guide to Helix species from mainland Greece. ZooKeys 1249: 93-135, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.143635
10EF5060A5435B47834E2B5E80D3F675.taxon	description	Description. Shell (Fig. 28) mid-sized, globular to slightly conical; aperture rounded and in the more globular populations spacious; umbilicus missing; protoconch small; shell surface rather smooth, with fine growth lines; basal colour ranging from nearly white to pale brown; banding pattern varies from completely reduced bands to well-developed and contrasting; the upper three bands may be separated only on the upper whorls or well separated up to the last whorl; aperture margins and the parietal region brown and much darker than the rest of the shell, the colour ranges from vivid pale brown with orange tones (Ionian Islands, Epirus) to dark with purple tones (Peloponnese, Evia); mantle margins pale. Animal (Fig. 29) pale grey or pale brown, often but not always with a dark back of the foot.	en	Korábek, Ondřej, Dolejš, Petr, Coufal, Radovan, Juřičková, Lucie, Kubíková, Kateřina, Hausdorf, Bernhard (2025): A new distinctive lineage of Helix (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Helicidae), with a guide to Helix species from mainland Greece. ZooKeys 1249: 93-135, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.143635
10EF5060A5435B47834E2B5E80D3F675.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Typical Helix borealis is distributed over much of Peloponnese, the east of central Greece (Aetolia, Acarnania, Phocis, Evrytania) and in western Epirus (Fig. 30). It also occurs on the Ionian Islands. The inhabited environments include as disparate types as rocky phrygana, pine forests on sand dunes at the sea level, and open fir forests in the mountains. Geophilous. Besides typical H. borealis, there are two other, rather divergent lineages in Greece. One occurs on northern Evia and Northern Sporades. It is found in rocky habitats on limestones. The second has a small range in the mountains of western Crete.	en	Korábek, Ondřej, Dolejš, Petr, Coufal, Radovan, Juřičková, Lucie, Kubíková, Kateřina, Hausdorf, Bernhard (2025): A new distinctive lineage of Helix (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Helicidae), with a guide to Helix species from mainland Greece. ZooKeys 1249: 93-135, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.143635
57FAD28A002056138CAE28A454E647CE.taxon	description	Figs 31, 32	en	Korábek, Ondřej, Dolejš, Petr, Coufal, Radovan, Juřičková, Lucie, Kubíková, Kateřina, Hausdorf, Bernhard (2025): A new distinctive lineage of Helix (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Helicidae), with a guide to Helix species from mainland Greece. ZooKeys 1249: 93-135, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.143635
57FAD28A002056138CAE28A454E647CE.taxon	description	Description. Shell (Fig. 31) mid-sized to large, broadly conical to depressed conical, with relatively narrow body whorl and low aperture; umbilicus present in juveniles but usually fully closed in adults; protoconch small relative to shell size; shell surface smooth; basal colour of the shell whitish, but usually largely covered by dark brown fused bands; characteristic are transverse dark bands marking growth interruptions; conspicuous whitish band along the shell periphery; aperture margins straight at the upper insertion but becoming reflected towards the lower lip and columella, brown inside; columellar margin oblique and often with an internal ridge. Animal (Fig. 32) uniformly brown including the mantle margins; diaphragm paper-like.	en	Korábek, Ondřej, Dolejš, Petr, Coufal, Radovan, Juřičková, Lucie, Kubíková, Kateřina, Hausdorf, Bernhard (2025): A new distinctive lineage of Helix (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Helicidae), with a guide to Helix species from mainland Greece. ZooKeys 1249: 93-135, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.143635
57FAD28A002056138CAE28A454E647CE.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Found commonly in northern Greece except for west of the Pindos Mts. (Fig. 33) but may also be found synanthropically elsewhere (e. g. Peloponnese). Broadly distributed and somewhat invasive species, currently extending its range in Europe. In the northeastern Aegean (Samothraki, Lesvos) a different morphotype with globular shells occurs. Helix lucorum lives in various shrubs and herbs and in deciduous forests, but avoids dry Mediterranean types of habitats (phrygana, maquis, exposed rocks). Commonly synanthropic, in some areas exclusively so. Often climbs on vegetation.	en	Korábek, Ondřej, Dolejš, Petr, Coufal, Radovan, Juřičková, Lucie, Kubíková, Kateřina, Hausdorf, Bernhard (2025): A new distinctive lineage of Helix (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Helicidae), with a guide to Helix species from mainland Greece. ZooKeys 1249: 93-135, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.143635
393122E946E45C2F8F51AFF7F91040D8.taxon	description	Figs 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9	en	Korábek, Ondřej, Dolejš, Petr, Coufal, Radovan, Juřičková, Lucie, Kubíková, Kateřina, Hausdorf, Bernhard (2025): A new distinctive lineage of Helix (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Helicidae), with a guide to Helix species from mainland Greece. ZooKeys 1249: 93-135, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.143635
393122E946E45C2F8F51AFF7F91040D8.taxon	description	Description. Shell (Fig. 4) middle-sized, conical with relatively flat base; individual whorls low and tightly coiled; deep suture giving the shell a stepped look; umbilicus fully covered or there is very narrow slit between the shell bottom and the reflected columellar margin of the aperture; protoconch large, making the apex blunt; aperture small and low, with oblique columella; aperture margins and the parietal area dark brown with purple hue; shell surface usually with fine ribs, pale brown, but often corroded even in live individuals; four bands typically present (because 2 + 3 fuse), brown with reddish or purple tones; bands interrupted by fine growth lines and lightly coloured ribs; aperture margins straight, columellar margin thickened, margins and the parietal area dark purple-brown. Animal grey (Fig. 5).	en	Korábek, Ondřej, Dolejš, Petr, Coufal, Radovan, Juřičková, Lucie, Kubíková, Kateřina, Hausdorf, Bernhard (2025): A new distinctive lineage of Helix (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Helicidae), with a guide to Helix species from mainland Greece. ZooKeys 1249: 93-135, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.143635
393122E946E45C2F8F51AFF7F91040D8.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. It has a small range (Fig. 10), within which it occurs sporadically, even though it can be locally abundant. In the north, it was found in the hills on both sides of the valley of Vardar / Axios (Kilkis Regional Unit), e. g. west of Polykastro or near the Dojran Lake. The northernmost record is from northeast of Negotino in North Macedonia. To the south, H. p. pelagonesica is distributed over Chalkidiki, additional populations are known from foothills of Mount Olympus and from Pelion near Volos (in Makrinitsa). The type locality is the island of Kyra Panagia (Pelagonisi) in the Northern Sporades. The characteristic habitat is a loose shrub with Quercus (Q. coccifera or similar species) and Paliurus spina-christi. It seems to rest relatively frequently on branches of shrubs.	en	Korábek, Ondřej, Dolejš, Petr, Coufal, Radovan, Juřičková, Lucie, Kubíková, Kateřina, Hausdorf, Bernhard (2025): A new distinctive lineage of Helix (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Helicidae), with a guide to Helix species from mainland Greece. ZooKeys 1249: 93-135, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.143635
4B4C8C92A9255699BF32CDACC2C95420.taxon	description	Figs 11, 12, 13	en	Korábek, Ondřej, Dolejš, Petr, Coufal, Radovan, Juřičková, Lucie, Kubíková, Kateřina, Hausdorf, Bernhard (2025): A new distinctive lineage of Helix (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Helicidae), with a guide to Helix species from mainland Greece. ZooKeys 1249: 93-135, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.143635
4B4C8C92A9255699BF32CDACC2C95420.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Helix pelagonesica thembones differs from H. p. pelagonesica in the pale brownish shell with inconspicuous bands and paler apertural margins. Helix pelagonesica thembones has globular shells, whereas most populations of H. p. pelagonesica have more conical shells with a relatively smaller aperture.	en	Korábek, Ondřej, Dolejš, Petr, Coufal, Radovan, Juřičková, Lucie, Kubíková, Kateřina, Hausdorf, Bernhard (2025): A new distinctive lineage of Helix (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Helicidae), with a guide to Helix species from mainland Greece. ZooKeys 1249: 93-135, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.143635
4B4C8C92A9255699BF32CDACC2C95420.taxon	description	Description. Middle-sized globular shell (diameter 32 – 42 mm, height 33 – 43 mm) resembling in shape Helix pomatia; no umbilicus; protoconch large (~ 5 – 6 mm in diameter at 1 whorl); aperture semicircular; aperture margins and especially columella may be darker than the rest of the shell, with columella often meat-coloured to brown; shell surface relatively smooth, with only fine irregular riblets, pale brownish, sometimes with pinkish hue when alive; bands are inconspicuous, not much darker than the background, but present (2 + 3 and 4, sometimes weakly also 5, positioned close to the shell axis); apertural margins straight, slightly reflected only towards columella; animal pale brown to greyish brown, mantle margins pale. Genital system (Fig. 13) with proximal epiphallus (sensu Korábek and Hausdorf 2023) much shorter than distal epiphallus and penis combined (4 – 5 vs 12 – 15 mm); flagellum well-developed (38 – 49 mm), mucous gland with many branches and of similar length as or longer than the dart sac; distal pedunculus of bursa copulatrix considerably thicker than the proximal part and leading to a well-developed diverticulum; diverticulum shorter than the proximal pedunculus (12 – 17 vs 21 – 32 mm), thick and flattened, narrowing towards tip (heavily swollen in the individual with a spermatophore in the pedunculus); distal genitalia (penis, epiphallus, vagina, the distal-most pedunculus) white.	en	Korábek, Ondřej, Dolejš, Petr, Coufal, Radovan, Juřičková, Lucie, Kubíková, Kateřina, Hausdorf, Bernhard (2025): A new distinctive lineage of Helix (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Helicidae), with a guide to Helix species from mainland Greece. ZooKeys 1249: 93-135, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.143635
4B4C8C92A9255699BF32CDACC2C95420.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Named after the opening track of the Alice in Chains’ 1992 album “ Dirt ” as a little reminder to all in power that they are also “ gonna end up a big ol’ pile of them bones ”. Noun in apposition.	en	Korábek, Ondřej, Dolejš, Petr, Coufal, Radovan, Juřičková, Lucie, Kubíková, Kateřina, Hausdorf, Bernhard (2025): A new distinctive lineage of Helix (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Helicidae), with a guide to Helix species from mainland Greece. ZooKeys 1249: 93-135, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.143635
4B4C8C92A9255699BF32CDACC2C95420.taxon	distribution	Distribution. The species was found on the band of hills that directly adjoin the Plain of Thessaly from the west (Fig. 14). The southern-most known locality is Morfovouni, the northernmost is ca 7 km north of Elati, so the known range extent is only slightly more than 30 km.	en	Korábek, Ondřej, Dolejš, Petr, Coufal, Radovan, Juřičková, Lucie, Kubíková, Kateřina, Hausdorf, Bernhard (2025): A new distinctive lineage of Helix (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Helicidae), with a guide to Helix species from mainland Greece. ZooKeys 1249: 93-135, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.143635
5F606D81DAF05B4CBD92444959C5BC59.taxon	description	Figs 25, 26	en	Korábek, Ondřej, Dolejš, Petr, Coufal, Radovan, Juřičková, Lucie, Kubíková, Kateřina, Hausdorf, Bernhard (2025): A new distinctive lineage of Helix (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Helicidae), with a guide to Helix species from mainland Greece. ZooKeys 1249: 93-135, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.143635
5F606D81DAF05B4CBD92444959C5BC59.taxon	description	Description. Shell (Fig. 25) small, globular or slightly conical; body whorl expanded but bent downwards, so the aperture is relatively small; no umbilicus; protoconch middle-sized, but relatively large to shell size, making the apex blunt; shell surface with some growth lines but quite smooth; shell colour is whitish to pale brown; bands variously developed, brown on brown shells and with red or purple hue on whitish shells; all bands often separate on older whorls but may fuse towards the aperture; aperture margins straight, usually brown to some degree at least at the columella which may be very dark. Foot (Fig. 26) pale grey with dark brown back.	en	Korábek, Ondřej, Dolejš, Petr, Coufal, Radovan, Juřičková, Lucie, Kubíková, Kateřina, Hausdorf, Bernhard (2025): A new distinctive lineage of Helix (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Helicidae), with a guide to Helix species from mainland Greece. ZooKeys 1249: 93-135, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.143635
5F606D81DAF05B4CBD92444959C5BC59.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Distributed from Lake Prespa (northwestern Greece) to the island of Thasos (northeastern Greece) (Fig. 27). The southernmost populations occur on Chalkidiki (the base of the peninsula) and in the south of Western Macedonia (by Servia). In the north, it reaches almost to Skopje in North Macedonia and to Plovdiv in Bulgaria. The core of the range is in Central Macedonia, elsewhere the distribution is highly fragmented. Typically living in open, shrubby habitats, often on rocky slopes, but sometimes found even on forested valley bottoms. It appears to be indifferent to bedrock, as we found it on limestones, but also on granite and gneiss. Though typically resting on the ground, we saw it climbing onto vegetation during rain.	en	Korábek, Ondřej, Dolejš, Petr, Coufal, Radovan, Juřičková, Lucie, Kubíková, Kateřina, Hausdorf, Bernhard (2025): A new distinctive lineage of Helix (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Helicidae), with a guide to Helix species from mainland Greece. ZooKeys 1249: 93-135, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.143635
263DCD36E7BA5EBBB576733FE6049051.taxon	description	Figs 16, 17	en	Korábek, Ondřej, Dolejš, Petr, Coufal, Radovan, Juřičková, Lucie, Kubíková, Kateřina, Hausdorf, Bernhard (2025): A new distinctive lineage of Helix (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Helicidae), with a guide to Helix species from mainland Greece. ZooKeys 1249: 93-135, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.143635
263DCD36E7BA5EBBB576733FE6049051.taxon	description	Description. Shell large, globular to conical; umbilicus sometimes slit-like but usually completely covered; protoconch large; shell surface with irregular ribs; basal colour whitish or very pale brown, more rarely the whole shell is brown; banding often reduced with upper bands 2 and 3 fused or partially fused and the lower two fuzzy and faint, but some populations have well developed, contrasting, reddish brown bands; bands with irregular whitish interruptions; aperture margins straight, only slightly reflected towards the columella; apertural lips and in particular the columellar triangle orange- or meat-brown to violet-brown, but the colouration is sometimes only faint and is missing or only weakly developed in the parietal area; mantle margins pale; animal very pale brown or grey to yellowish.	en	Korábek, Ondřej, Dolejš, Petr, Coufal, Radovan, Juřičková, Lucie, Kubíková, Kateřina, Hausdorf, Bernhard (2025): A new distinctive lineage of Helix (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Helicidae), with a guide to Helix species from mainland Greece. ZooKeys 1249: 93-135, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.143635
263DCD36E7BA5EBBB576733FE6049051.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Common in Epirus and adjacent Western Macedonia (eastern limits uncertain, but apparently west of Kastoria, Neapoli and Grevena); occurs also on Kerkyra (Corfu). The range of the species as currently accepted extends to central Albania and up to the Galičica Mountains between the lakes Ochrid and Prespa (Fig. 18). In Greece, it occurs in a range of habitats, from Mediterranean-type shrubby vegetation on limestones in low altitudes in the west to more temperate landscapes on sandstones in the east, but occurs also in pine forests as well as on the margins of beech forests in altitudes over 1000 m. Geophilous.	en	Korábek, Ondřej, Dolejš, Petr, Coufal, Radovan, Juřičková, Lucie, Kubíková, Kateřina, Hausdorf, Bernhard (2025): A new distinctive lineage of Helix (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Helicidae), with a guide to Helix species from mainland Greece. ZooKeys 1249: 93-135, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.143635
5FD85ABDF58E502281D637369BCE86E1.taxon	description	Figs 19, 20	en	Korábek, Ondřej, Dolejš, Petr, Coufal, Radovan, Juřičková, Lucie, Kubíková, Kateřina, Hausdorf, Bernhard (2025): A new distinctive lineage of Helix (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Helicidae), with a guide to Helix species from mainland Greece. ZooKeys 1249: 93-135, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.143635
5FD85ABDF58E502281D637369BCE86E1.taxon	description	Description. Shell (Fig. 19) large, conical, with varying relative height; umbilicus fully covered or more rarely slit-like; individual whorls low and tightly coiled; suture deep; last whorl not expanded; aperture small and low; no umbilicus; protoconch rather large; shell surface irregular with occasional lightly coloured ribs; basic colour pale grey, usually with four well-developed dark brown bands of which the middle pair is much thicker, but bands sometimes only faint; aperture margins brown, about as dark as the bands. Animal (Fig. 20) brown including mantle margins, rarely pale brown.	en	Korábek, Ondřej, Dolejš, Petr, Coufal, Radovan, Juřičková, Lucie, Kubíková, Kateřina, Hausdorf, Bernhard (2025): A new distinctive lineage of Helix (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Helicidae), with a guide to Helix species from mainland Greece. ZooKeys 1249: 93-135, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.143635
5FD85ABDF58E502281D637369BCE86E1.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Helix straminea occurs in the northwest of North Macedonia and in central Albania (Fig. 21); besides that, it is widely distributed in the Apennines (Petraccioli et al. 2021; Korábek et al. 2022). This species is reported here from Greece for the first time; it was found in a floodplain of a small stream north of Kalambaka (Thessaly, central Greece). Two live individuals and several empty shells were collected in a gallery forest dominated by Platanus, but with a rich herb understorey. While the mitochondrial haplotype of these specimens belongs to one of the mitochondrial lineages of H. schlaeflii, they can be identified as H. straminea based on the more conical shell with a narrower last whorl and a smaller aperture (cf. Korábek et al. 2014: fig. 4 B). A closely related H. schlaeflii haplotype was already recorded in H. straminea before in central Albania, where two other sequenced individuals from the same population had H. straminea haplotypes as expected (Korábek et al. 2022). However, that population originated from central Albania and all the H. schlaeflii haplotypes related to the haplotype from Greece obtained here also originate from central Albania. Although H. straminea (as Helix vladika (Kobelt, 1898 )) was reported from an unspecified locality in the valley of Vjosa at the border between Albania and Greece (Dhora and Welter-Schultes 1996), the current record is far from the range of the species and is perhaps explainable by an introduction. However, there may exist a second population in northern Greece on the east bank of the Ioannina Lake, as documented by one convincing and two possible records posted on iNaturalist (https: // www. inaturalist. org / observations / 180903383, https: // www. inaturalist. org / observations / 189208381, https: // www. inaturalist. org / observations / 121853021). Furthermore, the distribution of H. straminea in the Balkan part of its range is very scattered, so it is conceivable that it extends naturally also to northern Greece. Helix straminea was in the Balkans found in different habitats, from beech forests to shrubs. There is no clear species boundary to the closely related H. vladika in the north (northern Albania to central Serbia).	en	Korábek, Ondřej, Dolejš, Petr, Coufal, Radovan, Juřičková, Lucie, Kubíková, Kateřina, Hausdorf, Bernhard (2025): A new distinctive lineage of Helix (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Helicidae), with a guide to Helix species from mainland Greece. ZooKeys 1249: 93-135, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.143635
18FD6CC02B7257329C6187FA98C808A1.taxon	description	Figs 22, 23	en	Korábek, Ondřej, Dolejš, Petr, Coufal, Radovan, Juřičková, Lucie, Kubíková, Kateřina, Hausdorf, Bernhard (2025): A new distinctive lineage of Helix (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Helicidae), with a guide to Helix species from mainland Greece. ZooKeys 1249: 93-135, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.143635
18FD6CC02B7257329C6187FA98C808A1.taxon	description	Description. Shell (Fig. 22) large, globular; body whorl large; very spacious aperture; umbilicus narrow, completely covered or slit-like; shell surface with irregular fine ribs; strongly developed fine spiral grooves (well visible above the aperture); shell covered with a thick periostracum, yellowish brown; bands largely missing in Greek populations; aperture margins white in Greek populations; mantle pale. Animal (Fig. 23) pale brown or yellowish.	en	Korábek, Ondřej, Dolejš, Petr, Coufal, Radovan, Juřičková, Lucie, Kubíková, Kateřina, Hausdorf, Bernhard (2025): A new distinctive lineage of Helix (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Helicidae), with a guide to Helix species from mainland Greece. ZooKeys 1249: 93-135, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.143635
18FD6CC02B7257329C6187FA98C808A1.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. In Greece it lives in higher altitudes. It is relatively broadly distributed in the Rhodopes (Fig. 24), there are isolated occurrences in Thessaly (Ossa / Kissavos, Pelion), and we report it here from the Paiko Mts. (SW of Gevgelija). Its typical habitat in Greece is beech forests, where it can be found in places enriched in nutrients (e. g. along streams, in nettles). Geophilous, but juveniles climb on herbs and can be often found on their leaves.	en	Korábek, Ondřej, Dolejš, Petr, Coufal, Radovan, Juřičková, Lucie, Kubíková, Kateřina, Hausdorf, Bernhard (2025): A new distinctive lineage of Helix (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Helicidae), with a guide to Helix species from mainland Greece. ZooKeys 1249: 93-135, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.143635
B9F5F964764C536E944AC994E8C54847.taxon	description	Figs 34, 35	en	Korábek, Ondřej, Dolejš, Petr, Coufal, Radovan, Juřičková, Lucie, Kubíková, Kateřina, Hausdorf, Bernhard (2025): A new distinctive lineage of Helix (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Helicidae), with a guide to Helix species from mainland Greece. ZooKeys 1249: 93-135, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.143635
B9F5F964764C536E944AC994E8C54847.taxon	description	Description. Shell (Fig. 34) very small (the smallest Helix species in Greece), globular, with large body whorl and spacious aperture; no umbilicus; protoconch very small; shell surface with regular, rounded ribs and lacking spiral sculpture; shell pale greyish or brownish, with the lower two bands narrow and the upper three faint and most often partly fused; aperture margins straight and white; white columella rounded and smoothly transitioning into the palatal area. Animal (Fig. 35) pale brownish with darker, brown or reddish-brown, back, mantle margins pale grey; calcareous diaphragm conspicuously convex and attached to the very margins of the aperture.	en	Korábek, Ondřej, Dolejš, Petr, Coufal, Radovan, Juřičková, Lucie, Kubíková, Kateřina, Hausdorf, Bernhard (2025): A new distinctive lineage of Helix (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Helicidae), with a guide to Helix species from mainland Greece. ZooKeys 1249: 93-135, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.143635
B9F5F964764C536E944AC994E8C54847.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Very common species distributed over large part of mainland Greece and the Peloponnese (Fig. 36), but completely missing from the west (<21.5 – 22.0 ° E). It is broadly distributed from the southeast of North Macedonia (valleys of Strumica and Vardar, isolated occurrences reported up to Kumanovo) and southeastern Bulgaria (Thrace) to the Aegean islands (Cyclades, Northern Sporades, Lesvos, Samothraki, etc.). It also lives in a small area of western Anatolia (e. g. the ancient Pergamon and Troy). Fossils were found on Crete (Kotsakiozi et al. 2012). It lives in open, often exposed habitats with low vegetation. May be difficult to find alive when inactive because it buries itself into the soil. Geophilous.	en	Korábek, Ondřej, Dolejš, Petr, Coufal, Radovan, Juřičková, Lucie, Kubíková, Kateřina, Hausdorf, Bernhard (2025): A new distinctive lineage of Helix (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Helicidae), with a guide to Helix species from mainland Greece. ZooKeys 1249: 93-135, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.143635
99A7F357DC735A90950FB4CFFD2CA00C.taxon	type_taxon	Type species. Helix (Helicogena) pelasgica Kobelt 1904 = Helix figulina Rossmässler, 1839, by subsequent designation (Hesse 1918: 38).	en	Korábek, Ondřej, Dolejš, Petr, Coufal, Radovan, Juřičková, Lucie, Kubíková, Kateřina, Hausdorf, Bernhard (2025): A new distinctive lineage of Helix (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Helicidae), with a guide to Helix species from mainland Greece. ZooKeys 1249: 93-135, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.143635
3663380B95865A6094409C18574CBF31.taxon	type_taxon	Type species. Helix pomatia Linnaeus, 1758, by subsequent designation (de Montfort 1810: 231).	en	Korábek, Ondřej, Dolejš, Petr, Coufal, Radovan, Juřičková, Lucie, Kubíková, Kateřina, Hausdorf, Bernhard (2025): A new distinctive lineage of Helix (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Helicidae), with a guide to Helix species from mainland Greece. ZooKeys 1249: 93-135, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.143635
