identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
E1A98FD62D67558DAC5B948087FEE448.text	E1A98FD62D67558DAC5B948087FEE448.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dactylaria hwasunensis H. Liu & H. Sang 2025	<div><p>Dactylaria hwasunensis H. Liu &amp; H. Sang sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 10</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>Name refers to Hwasun County in Korea, where it was isolated.</p><p>Description from living culture CMML 20-35.</p><p>Sexual morph: undetermined. Asexual morph: Sporulation abundant on MEA. Conidiophore erect, mironematous to macronematous, aseptate or septate, hyaline, 6–35 μm in length, 2.2–2.8 μm in width. Conidiogenous cells terminal, integrated, hyaline 2–2.8 μm wide. Conidia clavate, hyaline, blunt end, 1–5 septate, 10–60 × 2.2–2.8 μm (Fig. 10 b – h).</p><p>Type.</p><p>Korea • South Jeolla Province, Hwasun, isolated from roots of Zoysia japonica, October 2020, H. Liu and H. Sang, holotype CMML 20-35 H (permanently preserved in a metabolically inactive state), ex-holotype CMML 20-35, ex-isotype CMML 20-88 .</p><p>Culture characteristics.</p><p>Colony reaching 31.81 mm diam. after 7 days in darkness at 25 ° C on PDA, white to yellowish, surface smooth, cracked (Fig. 10 a).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>In phylogenetic analysis of genus Dactylaria using sequence data of LSU, the strains used in the present study CMML 20-35 and CMML 20-88 formed a distinct clade sister to clade containing representative strain of D. fragilis (P 057) and ex-type strain of D. acaciae (CPC 29771) with a high statistical support (84 % / 0.95) (Fig. 11). Based on nucleotide sequences, ex-holotype strain of D. hwasunensis (CMML 20-35) differed from ex-type strain of D. acaciae (CPC 29771): LSU sequence identities = 806 / 818 (98.53 %). D. hwasunensis (CMML 20-35) also differed from representative strain of D. fragilis (P 057): LSU sequence identities = 844 / 857 (98.48 %). Morphologically, conidial dimensions of D. hwasunensis are larger than D. acaciae (16–37 × 2–2.5 μm; Crous et al. (2016)) and D. fragilis (18–26 × 1.5 µm; De Hoog (1985)). Therefore, Dactylaria hwasunensis sp. nov. was introduced in this study to accommodate CMML 20-35 and CMML 20-88 in the genus Dactylaria .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E1A98FD62D67558DAC5B948087FEE448	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Liu, Haifeng;Choi, Hyeongju;Paul, Narayan Chandra;Ariyawansa, Hiran A.;Sang, Hyunkyu	Liu, Haifeng, Choi, Hyeongju, Paul, Narayan Chandra, Ariyawansa, Hiran A., Sang, Hyunkyu (2025): Discovering fungal communities in roots of Zoysia japonica and characterising novel species and their antifungal activities. IMA Fungus 16: e 138479, DOI: 10.3897/imafungus.16.138479
8872B226F7245AC194784CA904F41571.text	8872B226F7245AC194784CA904F41571.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lophiostoma jeollanense H. Liu & H. Sang 2025	<div><p>Lophiostoma jeollanense H. Liu &amp; H. Sang sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 20</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>Name refers to Jeolla Province in Korea, the place it was isolated from.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Lophiostoma jeollanense differs from its closest phylogenetic neighbour, L. japonicum (KT 573) by unique fixed alleles in three loci: ITS positions 25 (A), 26 (G), 31 (indel), 40 (indel), 70 (C), 91 (C), 93 (G), 114 (G), 132 (T), 134 (A), 136 (C), 138 (T), 142 (G), 364 (G), 365 (A), 368 (T), 383 (T), 407 (C); LSU positions 41 (T), 43 (C), 155 (T), 614 (C); TEF 1 positions 42 (C), 127 (T), 128 (C), 129 (C), 162 (T), 222 (C), 225 (C), 240 (T), 249 (T), 318 (T), 336 (C), 342 (C), 351 (T), 372 (C), 399 (T), 405 (C), 408 (T), 442 (G), 465 (C), 477 (G), 492 (C), 528 (C), 537 (C), 663 (T), 669 (C), 672 (G), 693 (C), 705 (C), 708 (T), 735 (T), 748 (G), 780 (G), 792 (C).</p><p>Type.</p><p>Korea • South Jeolla Province, Hwasun, isolated from roots of Zoysia japonica, October 2020, H. Liu and H. Sang, holotype CMML 20-43 H (permanently preserved in a metabolically inactive state), ex-holotype CMML 20-43, ex-isotype CMML 20-90 .</p><p>Culture characteristics.</p><p>Colony reaching 22.24 mm diam. on PDA after 7 days in darkness at 25 ° C, surface white to light brown, reverse side yellow, mycelia dense (Fig. 20 a).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Lophiostoma jeollanense did not sporulate on synthetic media. Chlamydospore-like structures within mycelia were observed on OA after two weeks (Fig. 20 b – e). In phylogenetic analysis of the genus Lophiostoma, based on combined sequences of ITS, LSU, TEF 1 and RPB 2, strains CMML 20-43 and CMML 20-90 formed a distinct single clade with a high statistical support (96 % / 1.00) (Fig. 21), sister to clade comprising an ex-type strain (KT 573) and representative strains (KT 686 -1, UESTCC 23.0040 and MFLUCC 17-2450) of L. japonicum . Based on nucleotide sequences of three loci, ex-holotype strain of L. jeollanense (CMML 20-43) was different from the ex-type strain of L. japonicum (KT 573): ITS sequence identities = 494 / 513 (96.30 %), gaps = 2; LSU sequence identities = 851 / 855 (99.53 %); TEF sequence identities = 835 / 868 (96.20 %). The species L. japonicum (previously Biappendiculispora japonica) was found as a saprophyte on dead stems of unknown herbaceous plants with its sexual morph (Thambugala et al. 2015), whereas strains CMML 20-43 and CMML 20-90 were isolated from roots of Z. japonica as a potential endophyte and only chlamydospore-like structures were observed in these strains. Therefore, Lophiostoma jeollanense sp. nov. was introduced in this study to accommodate CMML 20-43 and CMML 20-90 in the genus Lophiostoma .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/8872B226F7245AC194784CA904F41571	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Liu, Haifeng;Choi, Hyeongju;Paul, Narayan Chandra;Ariyawansa, Hiran A.;Sang, Hyunkyu	Liu, Haifeng, Choi, Hyeongju, Paul, Narayan Chandra, Ariyawansa, Hiran A., Sang, Hyunkyu (2025): Discovering fungal communities in roots of Zoysia japonica and characterising novel species and their antifungal activities. IMA Fungus 16: e 138479, DOI: 10.3897/imafungus.16.138479
DF30FF6895F4566AB021138EBC081D3B.text	DF30FF6895F4566AB021138EBC081D3B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Magnaporthiopsis zoysiae H. Liu & H. Sang 2025	<div><p>Magnaporthiopsis zoysiae H. Liu &amp; H. Sang sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 12</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>Name refers to its host Zoysia japonica.</p><p>Description from living culture CMML 20-39.</p><p>Sexual morph: undetermined. Asexual morph: Sporulation observed on OA media. Conidiophores hyaline, single or sometimes branched, septate. Conidiogenous cells erect or curved, hyaline, 2.5–4 μm in width. Conidia ovoid or cylindrical, hyaline, slightly curved, 5.5–14.5 × 3.0–5.2 μm (Fig. 12 b – h).</p><p>Type.</p><p>Korea • South Jeolla Province, Hwasun, isolated from roots of Zoysia japonica, October 2020, H. Liu and H. Sang, holotype CMML 20-39 H (permanently preserved in a metabolically inactive state), ex-holotype CMML 20-39, ex-isotype CMML 20-92 .</p><p>Culture characteristics.</p><p>Colony reaching 31.81 mm diam. after 7 days in darkness at 25 ° C on PDA, centre dark, margin white, mycelia frizzy (Fig. 12 a).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>In phylogenetic analysis of Magnaporthiopsis, based on sequences of six genes (ITS, SSU, LSU, RPB 1, TEF 1 and MCM 7), the strains used in the present study CMML 20-39 and CMML 20-92 fell into a distinct clade with a high statistical support (100 % / 1.00) (Fig. 13), sister to clades of species M. cynodontis, M. agrostidis and M. meyeri-festucae, which are all turf-grass-associated species. Morphologically, the conidial size of these two strains is larger than those of M. agrostidis (4–6 × 1 µm; Crous et al. (2015)) and M. meyeri-festucae (3–5 × 1–2.5 µm; Luo et al. (2017)). Conidia of these two strains is slightly longer than M. cynodontis (7–13 × 2–6.5 µm; Vines et al. (2020)). Therefore, based on phylogenetic analysis and morphological characteristics, Magnaporthiopsis zoysiae sp. nov. was introduced in this study.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/DF30FF6895F4566AB021138EBC081D3B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Liu, Haifeng;Choi, Hyeongju;Paul, Narayan Chandra;Ariyawansa, Hiran A.;Sang, Hyunkyu	Liu, Haifeng, Choi, Hyeongju, Paul, Narayan Chandra, Ariyawansa, Hiran A., Sang, Hyunkyu (2025): Discovering fungal communities in roots of Zoysia japonica and characterising novel species and their antifungal activities. IMA Fungus 16: e 138479, DOI: 10.3897/imafungus.16.138479
6A1F04D49ABF5A5E8F3EBF99BE44DCD9.text	6A1F04D49ABF5A5E8F3EBF99BE44DCD9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Niesslia dimorphospora (W. Gams) W. Gams & Stielow 2019	<div><p>Niesslia dimorphospora (W. Gams) W. Gams &amp; Stielow (2019) .</p><p>Fig. 8</p><p>Culture characteristics.</p><p>Colony reaching 53.82 mm diam. after 7 days in darkness at 25 ° C on PDA, surface initially floccose, later slimy, white on front and reverse sides (Fig. 8 a).</p><p>Description from living culture CMML 20-40.</p><p>Sexual morph: undetermined. Asexual morph: Sporulation abundant on MEA. Phialides 40–75 μm long, 1.5–2.3 μm wide, thick-walled. Conidia smooth-walled, globose, 4.5–6.5 μm diam., or ellipsoidal, slightly curved, 6.5–10.5 × 2.2–3.8 μm (Fig. 8 b – k).</p><p>Type.</p><p>Korea • South Jeolla Province, Hwasun, isolated from roots of Zoysia japonica, October 2020, H. Liu and H. Sang, living cultures CMML 20-40, CMML 20-41 and CMML 20-42 .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Niesslia dimorphospora typically produce dimorphic conidia (globose and ellipsoidal). In multi-loci phylogenetic analysis using gene sequences of ITS, TEF 1, TUB 2 and RPB 2, three strains (CMML 20-40, CMML 20-41 and CMML 20-42) were clustered into a clade containing ex-type strain of N. dimorphospora (CBS 785.69) and representative strain CBS 361.76 with high statistical support (100 % / 1.00) (Fig. 9). This is the first record of N. dimorphospora associated with Z. japonica in Korea.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6A1F04D49ABF5A5E8F3EBF99BE44DCD9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Liu, Haifeng;Choi, Hyeongju;Paul, Narayan Chandra;Ariyawansa, Hiran A.;Sang, Hyunkyu	Liu, Haifeng, Choi, Hyeongju, Paul, Narayan Chandra, Ariyawansa, Hiran A., Sang, Hyunkyu (2025): Discovering fungal communities in roots of Zoysia japonica and characterising novel species and their antifungal activities. IMA Fungus 16: e 138479, DOI: 10.3897/imafungus.16.138479
96A5E3931F3B52F1B51A654B624FB71E.text	96A5E3931F3B52F1B51A654B624FB71E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Poaceascoma endophyticum H. Liu & H. Sang 2025	<div><p>Poaceascoma endophyticum H. Liu &amp; H. Sang sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 23</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>Name refers to endophyte.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Poaceascoma endophyticum differs from its closest phylogenetic neighbour, P. halophilum (MFLUCC 15-0949) by unique fixed alleles in two loci: LSU positions 84 (T), 88 (indel), 280 (C), 484 (C), 534 (T), 654 (T), 691 (T), 766 (indel), 800 (indel); SSU position 174 (indel), 972 (indel).</p><p>Culture characteristics.</p><p>Colony reaching 29.33 mm diam. on PDA after 7 days in darkness at 25 ° C, white ring at the edge, centre brownish, reverse side dark brown with a white edge, mycelia dense (Fig. 23 a).</p><p>Type.</p><p>Korea • South Jeolla Province, Hwasun, isolated from roots of Zoysia japonica, October 2020, H. Liu and H. Sang, holotype CMML 20-48 H (permanently preserved in a metabolically inactive state), ex-holotype CMML 20-48, ex-isotype CMML 20-49 .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Strains CMML 20-48 and CMML 20-49 did not sporulate on synthetic media. Only chlamydospore-like structures were observed on MEA after two weeks, mostly elliptic or oval in shape and 5.5–12.5 μm in width (Fig. 23 b – i). In phylogeny, based on multi-loci of ITS, LSU, SSU and TEF 1, strains CMML 20-48 and CMML 20-49 clustered into a distinct clade, sister to clade comprising ex-type strains of P. halophilum (MFLUCC 15-0949), P. zoysiiradicicola (CMML 20-50) and representative strain CMML 20-51. Based on nucleotide sequence, ex-holotype strain of P. endophyticum (CMML 20-48) differed from ex-type strain of P. halophilum (MFLUCC 15-0949) in LSU sequence (identities = 830 / 836, 99.28 %). P. endophyticum (CMML 20-48) also differed from P. zoysiiradicicola (CMML 20-50 and CMML 20-51) in three different loci: ITS identities = 523 / 558 (93.73 %), 40 gaps; LSU identities = 828 / 838 (98.81 %); TEF 1 identities = 824 / 849 (97.06 %). According to (Hyde et al. 2017), colonies of P. halophilum on PDA reaches 20–30 mm diameter after 4 weeks, indicating a slower vegetative growth rate than P. endophyticum . In addition, P. endophyticum differs from P. zoysiiradicicola in producing larger chlamydospore-like structures. Thus, Poaceascoma endophyticum sp. nov. was introduced in this study to accommodate CMML 20-50 and CMML 20-51 in the genus Poaceascoma .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/96A5E3931F3B52F1B51A654B624FB71E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Liu, Haifeng;Choi, Hyeongju;Paul, Narayan Chandra;Ariyawansa, Hiran A.;Sang, Hyunkyu	Liu, Haifeng, Choi, Hyeongju, Paul, Narayan Chandra, Ariyawansa, Hiran A., Sang, Hyunkyu (2025): Discovering fungal communities in roots of Zoysia japonica and characterising novel species and their antifungal activities. IMA Fungus 16: e 138479, DOI: 10.3897/imafungus.16.138479
9DC8221AA1A554E7A3B85AA4094A9105.text	9DC8221AA1A554E7A3B85AA4094A9105.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Poaceascoma koreanum H. Liu & H. Sang 2025	<div><p>Poaceascoma koreanum H. Liu &amp; H. Sang sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 24</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>Name refers to Korea, the country from where it was isolated.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Poaceascoma koreanum differs from its closest phylogenetic neighbour P. lochii (BRIP 71546) by unique fixed alleles in two loci: ITS positions 13 (A), 16 (C), 19 (G), 20 (T), 21 (C), 22 (G), 28 (G), 29 (indels), 41 (C), 42 (C), 44 (C), 45 (T), 46 (C), 47 (G), 50 (T), 51 (T), 52 (C), 58 (G), 60 (C), 68 (C), 84 (T), 98 (C), 107 (indel), 109 (C), 112 (indels), 114 (G), 116 (C), 124 (G), 125 (A), 127 (C), 130 (C), 131 (T), 132 (C), 136 (A), 137 (G), 140 (T), 141 (T), 144 (A), 153 (indel), 155 (G), 156 (T), 157 (A), 158 (C), 165 (C), 166 (G), 168 (A), 176 (A), 350 (indels), 388 (C), 391 (T), 397 (G), 404 (T), 410 (A), 420 (C), 435 (C), 440 (C), 443 (G), 447 (C), 449 (G), 450 (A), 469 (T), 475 (G), 476 (T), 481 (T), 489 (T), 495 (A), 497 (G), 500 (A), 502 (C); LSU positions 100 (G), 104 (indel), 138 (C), 141 (G), 143 (G), 145 (G), 205 (C), 206 (C), 210 (C), 488 (C), 550 (T), 700 (C), 705 (C), 755 (G), 907 (T).</p><p>Culture characteristics.</p><p>Colony reaching 39.72 mm diam. on PDA after 7 days in darkness at 25 ° C, front side greyish-yellow, reverse side black-brown, margins burr-like (Fig. 24 a).</p><p>Type.</p><p>South Korea • South Jeolla Province, Hwasun, isolated from roots of Zoysia japonica, October 2020, H. Liu and H. Sang, holotype CMML 20-44 H (permanently preserved in a metabolically inactive state), ex-holotype CMML 20-44, ex-isotype CMML 20-45; CMML 20-46 .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>No conidiogenous structures or sexual morph were observed in strains CMML 20-44, CMML 20-45 and CMML 20-46. On MEA, chlamydospore-like structures (4.5–10.5 μm in width) in hyphae were observed after incubation for two weeks (Fig. 24 b – g). In multi-loci phylogeny, based on ITS, LSU, SSU and TEF 1, these three strains formed a distinct single clade within the genus Poaceascoma sister to clade comprising strain of P. magnum (ex-type CMML 20-47 and ex-isotype CMML 20-71), P. herbaceum (ex-type GZCC 19-0046), P. helicoides (ex-type MFLUCC 11-0136 and representative strain MFLU 11-0172) and P. lochii (ex-type BRIP 71546) (Fig. 26). Based on nucleotide sequence comparison, P. koreanum (CMML 20-44) differed from ex-type strain of P. lochii (BRIP 71546) in two loci: ITS identities = 456 / 518 (88.03 %), 40 gaps; LSU identities = 882 / 896 (98.44 %). P. koreanum (CMML 20-44) differed from ex-type strain of P. helicoides (MFLUCC 11-0136) in four loci: ITS identities = 381 / 428 (89.02 %), 41 gaps; SSU identities = 915 / 916 (99.89 %); LSU identities = 779 / 793 (98.23 %); TEF 1 identities = 896 / 958 (93.53 %). Compared to ex-type of P. herbaceum (GZCC 19-0046), nucleotide sequences were different in these loci: ITS identities = 335 / 380 (88.16 %), 41 gaps; SSU identities = 1021 / 1025 (99.61 %); LSU identities = 890 / 904 (98.45 %); TEF 1 identities = 897 / 958 (93.63 %). P. koreanum (CMML 20-44) also differed from ex-holotype strain of P. magnum (CMML 20-47): ITS identities = 433 / 500 (89.02 %), 45 gaps; SSU identities = 1028 / 1032 (99.61 %); LSU identities = 884 / 900 (98.22 %); TEF 1 identities = 874 / 924 (94.59 %). All of these species were originally found on herbaceous plants. Specifically, P. lochii was found on leaves of turf-grass Zoysia matrella, P. helicoides and P. herbaceum were saprophytes on dead stem of Digitaria sanguinalis and dead culm of unidentified herbaceous plants, respectively (Phookamsak et al. 2015; Hyde et al. 2017; Tan et al. 2021). Morphologically, P. herbaceum, P. helicoides and P. lochii were described, based on their sexual morph, while only chlamydospore-like structures were observed in strains CMML 20-44, CMML 20-45 and CMML 20-46. Additionally, P. magnum differs from these strains in producing large chlamydospores. Therefore, Poaceascoma koreanum sp. nov. was introduced in this study.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9DC8221AA1A554E7A3B85AA4094A9105	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Liu, Haifeng;Choi, Hyeongju;Paul, Narayan Chandra;Ariyawansa, Hiran A.;Sang, Hyunkyu	Liu, Haifeng, Choi, Hyeongju, Paul, Narayan Chandra, Ariyawansa, Hiran A., Sang, Hyunkyu (2025): Discovering fungal communities in roots of Zoysia japonica and characterising novel species and their antifungal activities. IMA Fungus 16: e 138479, DOI: 10.3897/imafungus.16.138479
A5DA9918EABF59E990923E4502B10D4F.text	A5DA9918EABF59E990923E4502B10D4F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Poaceascoma magnum H. Liu & H. Sang 2025	<div><p>Poaceascoma magnum H. Liu &amp; H. Sang sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 22</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>Name refers to the character of large chlamydospores produced by this fungus.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Chlamydospores 10–85 μm in length and 15–23 μm in width, hyaline to dark, clavate, sometimes dumb-bell-shaped or gourd-shaped, straight or sometimes curved. Poaceascoma magnum differs from its closest phylogenetic neighbour, L. lochii (BRIP 71546) by unique fixed allels in two loci: ITS positions 49 (G), 57 (G), 65 (C), 67 (C), 70 (C), 71 (A), 73 (G), 76 (T), 77 (C), 79 (C), 95 (C), 133 (T), 137 (A), 143 (C), 152 (T), 157 (C), 158 (A), 162 (G), 163 (indels), 169 (A), 184 (C), 190 (T), 192 (G), 194 (A), 376 (indels), 440 (C), 444 (G), 446 (T), 474 (C), 480 (T), 481 (G), 482 (T), 483 (A), 511 (T), 512 (G), 515 (indel), 528 (A), 542 (T), 549 (indel), 560 (T); LSU positions 99 (G), 138 (G), 206 (G), 208 (A), 291 (T), 693 (C), 695 (C), 696 (indel).</p><p>Culture characteristics.</p><p>Colony reaching 22.02 mm diam. on PDA after 7 days in darkness at 25 ° C, white to grey at the edge, centre tawny, reverse side yellow brown (Fig. 22 a).</p><p>Type.</p><p>Korea • South Jeolla Province, Hwasun, isolated from roots of Zoysia japonica, October 2020, H. Liu and H. Sang, holotype CMML 20-47 H (permanently preserved in a metabolically inactive state), ex-holotype CMML 20-47, ex-isotype CMML 20-91 .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Sporulation was not observed during culture on synthetic media. On MEA, strains CMML 20-47 and CMML 20-91 produced large (10–85 × 15–23 μm), clavate, hyaline to dark, intercalary or terminal chlamydospores (Fig. 22 b – k). Phylogenetic analysis using multi-loci of ITS, LSU, SSU and TEF 1 revealed that strains CMML 20-47 and CMML 20-91 formed a single clade within the genus Poaceascoma with a strong statistical support (100 % / 1.00) basal to clade containing ex-type strains of P. lochii (BRIP 71546), P. helicoides (MFLUCC 11-0136), P. herbaceum (GZCC 19-0046) and representative strain of P. helicoides (MFLU 11-0172) (Fig. 26). In comparison of nucleotide sequences of ITS and LSU, ex-holotype strain of P. magnum (CMML 20-47) differed from ex-type strain of P. lochii (BRIP 71546): ITS identities = 491 / 526 (93.35 %), 38 gaps; LSU identities = 889 / 896 (99.22 %). In addition, P. magnum (CMML 20-47) differed from ex-type strain of P. helicoides (MFLUCC 11-0136) in four loci: ITS identities = 435 / 469 (92.75 %), 71 gaps; SSU identities = 914 / 916 (99.78 %); LSU identities = 786 / 794 (98.99 %); TEF 1 identities = 879 / 924 (95.13 %). P. magnum (CMML 20-47) also differed from ex-type strain of P. herbaceum (GZCC 19-0046) in these loci: ITS identities = 390 / 420 (92.86 %), 69 gaps; SSU identities = 1021 / 1025 (99.61 %); LSU identities = 891 / 900 (99.00 %); TEF 1 identities = 883 / 924 (95.56 %). Morphologically, this fungus differs from other Poaceascoma spp. by producing large and sometimes dark chlamydospores. Therefore, Poaceascoma magnum sp. nov. was introduced in this study to accommodate CMML 20-47 and CMML 20-91.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A5DA9918EABF59E990923E4502B10D4F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Liu, Haifeng;Choi, Hyeongju;Paul, Narayan Chandra;Ariyawansa, Hiran A.;Sang, Hyunkyu	Liu, Haifeng, Choi, Hyeongju, Paul, Narayan Chandra, Ariyawansa, Hiran A., Sang, Hyunkyu (2025): Discovering fungal communities in roots of Zoysia japonica and characterising novel species and their antifungal activities. IMA Fungus 16: e 138479, DOI: 10.3897/imafungus.16.138479
750CA9C48BAE5F619F4657798938BF56.text	750CA9C48BAE5F619F4657798938BF56.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Poaceascoma zoysiiradicicola H. Liu & H. Sang 2025	<div><p>Poaceascoma zoysiiradicicola H. Liu &amp; H. Sang sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 25</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>Name refers to roots of Zoysia japonica.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Poaceascoma zoysiiradicicola differs from its closest phylogenetic neighbour P. halophilum (MFLUCC 15-0949) by unique fixed alleles in two loci: LSU positions 2 (T), 48 (T), 49 (T), 52 (indel), 144 (T), 359 (T), 458 (T), 655 (T), 730 (indel), 764 (indel), 866 (A); SSU positions 171 (indel), 969 (indel).</p><p>Culture characteristics.</p><p>Colony reaching 44.23 mm diam. on PDA after 7 days in darkness at 25 ° C, front side reseda green, reverse sides crineous to dark, margin white on both sides (Fig. 25 a).</p><p>Type.</p><p>Korea • South Jeolla Province, Hwasun, isolated from roots of Zoysia japonica, October 2020, H. Liu and H. Sang, holotype CMML 20-50 H (permanently preserved in a metabolically inactive state), ex-holotype CMML 20-50, ex-isotype CMML 20-51 .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>No sporulation was found on synthetic media in this fungus. However, chlamydospore-like structures in hyphae were observed on MEA after two weeks, 4–6.5 μm in width (Fig. 25 b – g). In phylogenetic analysis, based on multi-loci of ITS, LSU, SSU and TEF 1, strains CMML 20-50 and CMML 20-51 formed a separate clade sister to ex-type strain of P. halophilum (MFLUCC 15-0949) (Fig. 26). Based on nucleotide sequences of LSU and SSU, ex-holotype strain of P. zoysiiradicicola (CMML 20-50) was different with the ex-type strain of P. halophilum (MFLUCC 15-0949): LSU sequence identities = 855 / 863 (99.07 %), gaps = 3; SSU sequence identities = 1038 / 1038 (100 %), gaps = 2. Poaceascoma halophilum was found as a saprophyte on a decaying bamboo stick and its asexual morph is undetermined (Hyde et al. 2017). In terms of culture characteristics, P. halophilum differs from P. zoysiiradicicola in the slower vegetative growth rate on PDA (Hyde et al. 2017). Therefore, P. zoysiiradicicola sp. nov. was introduced in this study to accommodate CMML 20-50 and CMML 20-51 in the genus Poaceascoma .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/750CA9C48BAE5F619F4657798938BF56	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Liu, Haifeng;Choi, Hyeongju;Paul, Narayan Chandra;Ariyawansa, Hiran A.;Sang, Hyunkyu	Liu, Haifeng, Choi, Hyeongju, Paul, Narayan Chandra, Ariyawansa, Hiran A., Sang, Hyunkyu (2025): Discovering fungal communities in roots of Zoysia japonica and characterising novel species and their antifungal activities. IMA Fungus 16: e 138479, DOI: 10.3897/imafungus.16.138479
9AA30A1B063651A9BDC71FE063C93CF2.text	9AA30A1B063651A9BDC71FE063C93CF2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudorhypophila poae H. Liu & H. Sang 2025	<div><p>Pseudorhypophila poae H. Liu &amp; H. Sang sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 18</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>Name refers to its host family Poaceae.</p><p>Description from living culture CMML 20-36:</p><p>Sexual morph: undetermined. Asexual morph: Sporulation abundant on MEA. Conidiophore erect, 1.5–2.5 μm in width, Conidia solitary or in clusters, pyriform, obovoid or triangular, 4.2–5.6 × 2.5–4.5 μm (Fig. 18 b – e).</p><p>Type.</p><p>Korea • South Jeolla Province, Hwasun, isolated from roots of Zoysia japonica, October 2020, H. Liu and H. Sang, holotype CMML 20-36 H (permanently preserved in a metabolically inactive state), ex-holotype CMML 20-36, ex-isotype CMML 20-89 .</p><p>Culture characteristics.</p><p>Colony reaching 82.88 mm diam. on PDA after 7 days in darkness at 25 ° C, white to buff in both front and reverse sides (Fig. 18 a).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>The genus Pseudorhypophila was recently introduced by accommodating four species including Triangularia mangenotii, Zopfiella marina, Z. pilifera and Z. submersa (Harms et al. 2021) . In phylogenetic analysis using combined sequences of ITS, LSU, RPB 2 and TUB 2, strains in the present study CMML 20-36 and CMML 20-89 formed a single clade in the genus Pseudorhypophila supported with a high statistical support (100 % / 1.00) close to clade comprising ex-type strains of P. pilifera (CBS 413.73) and P. mangenotii (CBS 419.67) (Fig. 19). However, both P. pilifera and P. mangenotii produce sexual morph, which was not observed in strains CMML 20-36 and CMML 20-89. In addition, these two strains differ from P. mangenotii in producing conidia singly or in clusters, whereas the latter produces conidia singly (Harms et al. 2021). Therefore, based on phylogenetic analysis and morphological characteristics, Pseudorhypophila poae sp. nov. was introduced in this study.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9AA30A1B063651A9BDC71FE063C93CF2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Liu, Haifeng;Choi, Hyeongju;Paul, Narayan Chandra;Ariyawansa, Hiran A.;Sang, Hyunkyu	Liu, Haifeng, Choi, Hyeongju, Paul, Narayan Chandra, Ariyawansa, Hiran A., Sang, Hyunkyu (2025): Discovering fungal communities in roots of Zoysia japonica and characterising novel species and their antifungal activities. IMA Fungus 16: e 138479, DOI: 10.3897/imafungus.16.138479
C5F41A169A5D5E51BCAC01BB91D1652C.text	C5F41A169A5D5E51BCAC01BB91D1652C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Setophoma zoysiae H. Liu & H. Sang 2025	<div><p>Setophoma zoysiae H. Liu &amp; H. Sang sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 14</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>Name refers to its host genus Zoysia.</p><p>Description from living culture CMML 20-14.</p><p>Sexual morph: undetermined. Asexual morph: Sporulation observed on OA media (Fig. 14 b – f). Conidiomata produced on surface of colonies (Fig. 14 b, c). Conidia ellipsoidal to subcylindrical, aseptate, 3.0–4.6 × 1.8–2.5 μm (Fig. 14 d – f).</p><p>Type.</p><p>Korea • South Jeolla Province, Hwasun, isolated from roots of Zoysia japonica, October 2020, H. Liu and H. Sang, holotype CMML 20-14 H (permanently preserved in a metabolically inactive state), ex-holotype CMML 20-14, ex-isotype CMML 20-15 .</p><p>Culture characteristics.</p><p>Colony reaching 28.12 mm diam. in darkness after 7 days at 25 ° C on PDA, front side white to light pink, reverse side yellow to sandy brown, mycelia dense (Fig. 14 a).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Phylogenetic analysis was conducted using dataset from combined sequences of ITS, LSU, TEF 1, RPB 2 and TUB 2. The strains CMML 20-14 and CMML 20-15 formed a distinct single branch in the genus Setophoma, supported with a high statistical support (100 % / 1.00) (Fig. 15), sister to clade containing ex-type strain (CBS 335.29) and representative strains (CBS 335.87, CBS 377.52 and CPC 18417) of S. terrestris . However, conidia of these two strains are smaller than those of S. terrestris (previously Phoma terrestris, 4.5–5.5 × 1.8–2.3 μm; Hassen (1929)). Hence, Setophoma zoysiae sp. nov. was introduced in this study to accommodate CMML 20-14 and CMML 20- 15 in the genus Setophoma .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C5F41A169A5D5E51BCAC01BB91D1652C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Liu, Haifeng;Choi, Hyeongju;Paul, Narayan Chandra;Ariyawansa, Hiran A.;Sang, Hyunkyu	Liu, Haifeng, Choi, Hyeongju, Paul, Narayan Chandra, Ariyawansa, Hiran A., Sang, Hyunkyu (2025): Discovering fungal communities in roots of Zoysia japonica and characterising novel species and their antifungal activities. IMA Fungus 16: e 138479, DOI: 10.3897/imafungus.16.138479
968069F65DA25A2C96B4E0D7A21CC6E1.text	968069F65DA25A2C96B4E0D7A21CC6E1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stagonospora endophytica H. Liu & H. Sang 2025	<div><p>Stagonospora endophytica H. Liu &amp; H. Sang sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 16</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>Name refers to endophyte.</p><p>Description from living culture CMML 20-37.</p><p>Sexual morph: undetermined. Asexual morph: Sporulation observed on MEA. Conidiomata globose, dark brown, 73–105 μm diam. (Fig. 16 b – f). Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells 5–8.5 × 4–7.5 μm, hyaline, smooth, ampulliform, produced from the inner wall of conidiomata (Fig. 16 g). Conidia smooth, 1–3 septate, globose or ellipsoidal with obtuse ends, constricted at septa, 15–22 × 7–9 μm (Fig. 16 h – l).</p><p>Type.</p><p>Korea • South Jeolla Province, Hwasun, isolated from roots of Zoysia japonica, October 2020, H. Liu and H. Sang, holotype CMML 20-37 H (permanently preserved in a metabolically inactive state), ex-holotype CMML 20-37, ex-isotype CMML 20-93 .</p><p>Culture characteristics.</p><p>Colony reaching the edge of the PDA plates (90 mm) after 7 days in darkness at 25 ° C, front side white to yellowish, centre brown, reverse side faint yellow (Fig. 16 a).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Phylogenetic analysis of Stagonospora was performed using sequences of ITS, SSU, LSU, RPB 2 and TUB 2. Strains in the present study CMML 20-37 and CMML 20-93 fell into a distinct single clade, supported by a high statistical support (100 % / 1.00) (Fig. 17), sister to clade comprising ex-type strain of S. tauntonensis (BRIP 70573) and representative strains of S. tauntonensis (BRIP 70684), S. bicolor (ATCC 42652) and S. poaceicola (NCYUCC 19-0350). In morphology, these two strains differ from S. tauntonensis (Crous et al. 2022 b) and S. bicolor (previously Leptosphaeria bicolor; Kaiser et al. (1979)) in having globose conidia and visible contraction at septa of conidia. For S. poaceicola, sexual morph was described and asexual morph of this species remains undetermined. Thus, based on phylogenetic analysis and morphological characteristics, Stagonospora endophytica sp. nov. was introduced in this study.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/968069F65DA25A2C96B4E0D7A21CC6E1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Liu, Haifeng;Choi, Hyeongju;Paul, Narayan Chandra;Ariyawansa, Hiran A.;Sang, Hyunkyu	Liu, Haifeng, Choi, Hyeongju, Paul, Narayan Chandra, Ariyawansa, Hiran A., Sang, Hyunkyu (2025): Discovering fungal communities in roots of Zoysia japonica and characterising novel species and their antifungal activities. IMA Fungus 16: e 138479, DOI: 10.3897/imafungus.16.138479
