taxonID	type	description	language	source
441787D66358FF9EFF25FDE0FA2C57EC.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — BRAZIL. Espírito Santo: São Mateus, Bairro Liberdade, vegetação de restinga, 5 May 2007, fl., M. B. Faria & A. G. Oliveira 49 (holotype RB! (00741302); isotypes K!, SAMES!, VIES!). (Figures 1; 2 A – B, F; 3).	en	Giaretta, Augusto, Souza, Marcelo Da Costa, Menezes, Luis Fernando Tavares De, Peixoto, Ariane Luna (2018): Two new species of Eugenia (Myrtaceae) from the Atlantic forest of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Phytotaxa 336 (2): 181-189, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.336.2.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.336.2.5
441787D66358FF9EFF25FDE0FA2C57EC.taxon	diagnosis	This species is related to Eugenia copacabanensis Kiaerskou (1893: 172) but differs by its larger leaves, 7 – 18.5 × 4 – 11 cm (vs. 4 – 7 × 2 – 3.5 cm) with base obtuse, rounded, cordate or subcordate (vs. cuneate or decurrent), 10 – 18 pairs of secondary veins (vs. 8 – 10 pairs), larger flower buds, 9 – 11 × 5.5 – 7 mm (vs. 4 – 6 × 3 mm) with calyx lobes in two unequal pairs in size (vs. equal calyx lobes), and bracteoles persisting after anthesis (vs. not persistent).	en	Giaretta, Augusto, Souza, Marcelo Da Costa, Menezes, Luis Fernando Tavares De, Peixoto, Ariane Luna (2018): Two new species of Eugenia (Myrtaceae) from the Atlantic forest of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Phytotaxa 336 (2): 181-189, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.336.2.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.336.2.5
441787D66358FF9EFF25FDE0FA2C57EC.taxon	description	Shrub or tree 3 – 6 m. Trunk grey with bark exfoliating as hard plates. Young stems dark, longitudinally striate when exfoliating, young tissue underneath brown, glabrous. Leaf blades 7 – 18.5 × 4 – 11 cm, ovate or oblong, sometimes elliptic, glabrous, chartaceous or coriaceous, discolor, lighter abaxially, shiny adaxially; apex acute or short acuminate; base obtuse, rounded, sometimes cordate or subcordate; midvein plain or prominent adaxially, prominent abaxially; secondary veins 10 – 18 pairs, prominent on both sides; marginal veins three, the innermost 2 – 5 mm from the margin, the middle one 1 – 1.5 mm from the margin, the outermost ca. 0.5 mm from the margin; the margin itself moderately revolute; glandular dots slightly prominent abaxially; petioles 8 – 17 mm long. Inflorescence fasciculiform, axillary, the axis 1 – 10 mm long, with 1 – 4 pairs of flowers; bracts 0.5 – 1 × 0.8 – 1.2 mm, ovate or hemispherical, glabrous; pedicels 10 – 23 × 1 – 1.5 mm, glabrous; bracteoles 1 – 1.5 × 0.8 – 1 mm, ovate, not connate, persisting in fruit, glabrous; flower buds 9 – 11 × 5.5 – 7 mm, pyriform, glabrous; calyx lobes four, concave, in two unequal pairs, the external pair 3 – 3.5 × 5.5 mm, oblate, the internal pair 5.5 × 5.5 – 6 mm, ovate, glabrous with ciliate margins; petals four, concave, 9 – 12.5 × 7 – 9 mm, one occasionally reduced to 6 – 7 × 4 – 5 mm, suborbiculate or obovate, white, glabrous with ciliate margin; stamens up to 14 mm long, anthers 1 – 1.2 × 0.6 mm, oblong; staminal ring 4 – 5 mm in diameter with simple brownish trichomes, up to 0.3 mm long; style 9 – 12 mm long, glabrous, stigma punctiform; ovary with two locules, ovules 14 – 23 per locule. Fruit 35 – 40 × 22 – 24 mm, pyriform, colour when ripe unknown, glabrous, crowned by persistent calyx lobes; one seed per fruit, testa shiny, chartaceous, embryo globose with two fused and indistinguishable cotyledons and hypocotyl not evident.	en	Giaretta, Augusto, Souza, Marcelo Da Costa, Menezes, Luis Fernando Tavares De, Peixoto, Ariane Luna (2018): Two new species of Eugenia (Myrtaceae) from the Atlantic forest of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Phytotaxa 336 (2): 181-189, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.336.2.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.336.2.5
441787D66358FF9EFF25FDE0FA2C57EC.taxon	biology_ecology	Phenology: — Collected in flower from January to May and in fruit in September and October (Figure 5).	en	Giaretta, Augusto, Souza, Marcelo Da Costa, Menezes, Luis Fernando Tavares De, Peixoto, Ariane Luna (2018): Two new species of Eugenia (Myrtaceae) from the Atlantic forest of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Phytotaxa 336 (2): 181-189, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.336.2.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.336.2.5
441787D66358FF9EFF25FDE0FA2C57EC.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — The epithet refers to the locality that best ensures its conservation, the Parque Estadual de Itaúnas (Itaúnas State Park) in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil.	en	Giaretta, Augusto, Souza, Marcelo Da Costa, Menezes, Luis Fernando Tavares De, Peixoto, Ariane Luna (2018): Two new species of Eugenia (Myrtaceae) from the Atlantic forest of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Phytotaxa 336 (2): 181-189, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.336.2.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.336.2.5
441787D66358FF9EFF25FDE0FA2C57EC.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat: — Eugenia itaunensis is known so far from the southeastern coastal scrubland on sandy soils called Restinga, in the state of Espírito Santo.	en	Giaretta, Augusto, Souza, Marcelo Da Costa, Menezes, Luis Fernando Tavares De, Peixoto, Ariane Luna (2018): Two new species of Eugenia (Myrtaceae) from the Atlantic forest of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Phytotaxa 336 (2): 181-189, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.336.2.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.336.2.5
441787D66358FF9EFF25FDE0FA2C57EC.taxon	conservation	Conservation: — This new endemic species to the restinga vegetation of Espírito Santo is known from one collection in Itaúnas State Park, as well as other collections from a small restinga forest remnant of 0.35 km ² area that is 6.6 km distant from the coastline and 35 km away from the central area of Itaúnas State Park. Thus, it is known from two localities, one of which is a small forest fragment that suffers intense pressure from sand exploitation for construction purposes; the recollection of E. itaunensis in the protected locality within the Itaúnas State Park was unsuccessful despite regular collection efforts by the botanical group from Centro Universitário Norte do Espírito Santo (CEUNES / UFES). This suggests a low frequency of natural populations that also have a restricted Extent of Occurrence (EOO ≅ 15 km ²). Thus, this species falls under the Critically Endangered (CR) category, fulfilling IUCN criterion B 1 ab (iii), with EOO smaller than 100 km ² (B 1), with severely fragmented location (a) and continuous loss of habitat quality (b iii).	en	Giaretta, Augusto, Souza, Marcelo Da Costa, Menezes, Luis Fernando Tavares De, Peixoto, Ariane Luna (2018): Two new species of Eugenia (Myrtaceae) from the Atlantic forest of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Phytotaxa 336 (2): 181-189, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.336.2.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.336.2.5
441787D66358FF9EFF25FDE0FA2C57EC.taxon	discussion	Affinities: — This species is morphologically related to Eugenia copacabanensis but differs by its larger leaves, flowers and fruits (see Souza & Morim (2008) for a description of E. copacabanensis). Inflorescences of E. itaunensis are more elongated and have up to 4 pairs of flowers with calyx lobes in two unequal pairs in size, instead of calyx lobes of equal size as in E. copacabanensis. Eugenia itaunensis has persisting bracteoles in the fruits and more pronounced pyriform shaped fruit, and its leaf blades have three marginal veins close to the margin (vs. two marginal veins in E. copacabanensis). Eugenia itaunensis has fasciculiform inflorescence subtended by flowers with pedicels at least four times longer than internodes of the inflorescence main axis, and persistent bracteoles that fits the current circumscription of Eugenia sect. Umbellatae O. Berg (1856: 204) (Mazine et al. 2016).	en	Giaretta, Augusto, Souza, Marcelo Da Costa, Menezes, Luis Fernando Tavares De, Peixoto, Ariane Luna (2018): Two new species of Eugenia (Myrtaceae) from the Atlantic forest of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Phytotaxa 336 (2): 181-189, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.336.2.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.336.2.5
441787D66358FF9EFF25FDE0FA2C57EC.taxon	materials_examined	Paratypes: — BRAZIL. Espírito Santo: Município de Conceição da Barra, Parque Estadual de Itaúnas, vegetação de restinga não inundável localizada à beira da estrada principal de Itaúnas, 7 October 2007, fr., L. F. T. Menezes et al. 1757 (RB!, SAMES!). Município de São Mateus, bairro Liberdade, vegetação de restinga pleistocênica, próximo ao Hospital Roberto Silvares, 10 March 2007, fl., M. B. Faria et al. 33 (RB!, VIES!); ibid, 27 February 2007, fl., M. B. Faria 22 (RB!, SAMES!); restinga, 18 º 53 ’ 22 ’’ S, 39 º 45 ’ 01 ’’ W, 14 March 2007, fl., C. Farney et al. 4603 (RB!, SAMES!); vegetação de restinga pleistocênica, 16 January 2008, fl., A. G. Oliveira et al. 190 (RB!, SAMES!); estrada de terra adjacente a uma fábrica de tijolos depois do Hospital Roberto Silvares no sentido São Mateus – Guriri, floresta seca de restinga, 18 º 44 ’ 00 ’’ S, 39 º 48 ’ 35 ’’ W, 5 September 2011, fr., A. Giaretta & M. C. Souza 1018 (RB!, SAMES!).	en	Giaretta, Augusto, Souza, Marcelo Da Costa, Menezes, Luis Fernando Tavares De, Peixoto, Ariane Luna (2018): Two new species of Eugenia (Myrtaceae) from the Atlantic forest of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Phytotaxa 336 (2): 181-189, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.336.2.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.336.2.5
441787D6635CFF9BFF25FF4AFEB651C4.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — BRAZIL. Espírito Santo: Conceição da Barra, Itaúnas, mata de restinga sobre cordão arenoso próximo de uma área entre cordões dominada por Montrichardia, área atrás da fazenda Jequitaia, 18 º 25 ’ S, 39 º 43 ’ W, 27 September 2009, fl., A. G. Oliveira, M. M. Monteiro & M. Ribeiro 629 (holotype RB!; isotypes HUFSJ!, K!, SAMES!, VIES!). (Figures 1; 2 C – E, G; 4).	en	Giaretta, Augusto, Souza, Marcelo Da Costa, Menezes, Luis Fernando Tavares De, Peixoto, Ariane Luna (2018): Two new species of Eugenia (Myrtaceae) from the Atlantic forest of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Phytotaxa 336 (2): 181-189, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.336.2.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.336.2.5
441787D6635CFF9BFF25FF4AFEB651C4.taxon	diagnosis	This species is morphologically similar to Eugenia widgrenii Sonder ex O. Berg (1857: 277) from which it is distinguished by its leaves with obtuse base (vs. cuneate), 6 – 9 pairs of secondary veins (vs. 11 – 14 pairs), fasciculiform inflorescence with 1 – 2 pairs of flowers (vs. solitary flower), and fruits yellowish (vs. purple or red). Eugenia kuekii is also related to Eugenia pruinosa D. Legrand (1961: 323) but can be distinguished by its leaves with base obtuse or rounded (vs. cuneate or acute), calyx lobes larger, i. e. the external pair 3 – 4.5 × 6 – 6.5 mm and the internal pair 5 – 6 × 5.5 – 6 mm (vs. external pair 3.5 × 3 cm and internal pair 2 × 3 cm).	en	Giaretta, Augusto, Souza, Marcelo Da Costa, Menezes, Luis Fernando Tavares De, Peixoto, Ariane Luna (2018): Two new species of Eugenia (Myrtaceae) from the Atlantic forest of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Phytotaxa 336 (2): 181-189, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.336.2.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.336.2.5
441787D6635CFF9BFF25FF4AFEB651C4.taxon	description	Shrub or tree 2 – 7 m. Stems longitudinally striate when exfoliating, young tissue underneath reddish, glabrous. Leaf blades 5 – 9 × 2.5 – 5.5 cm, elliptic, rarely oblong, chartaceous or coriaceous, glabrous, discolorous, lighter abaxially, with a cuticle resembling a velutinous indumentum to the touch; apex obtuse, frequently somewhat retuse; base obtuse, sometimes rounded; midvein biconvex or plain adaxially, prominent abaxially; secondary veins 6 – 9 pairs, prominent on both sides; marginal veins two, the innermost 2 – 4 mm from the margin, the outermost 0.5 – 1.5 mm from the margin, the first occasionally not evident and the second frequently not visible; the margin itself moderately revolute; glandular dots slightly prominent abaxially; petioles 5 – 8 mm long. Inflorescence fasciculiform, axillary, subtended by leaves or not, occasionally growing in ramiflorous nodes, the axis 0.5 – 3 mm long, with 1 – 2 pairs of flowers, frequently only one solitary flower remaining; bracts 0.5 – 1 × 0.8 – 1 mm, hemispherical, glabrous; pedicels 11 – 20 × 0.6 – 1 mm, glabrous; bracteoles 1 – 2 × 1.6 – 2 mm, ovate, concave, not connate, persisting in fruit, glabrous, with margin ciliate; flower buds 6 – 7 × 6 – 7 mm, globose or pyriform, glabrous; calyx lobes four, concave, in two unequal pairs, the external pair 3 – 4.5 × 6 – 6.5 mm, widely ovate, the internal pair 5 – 6 × 5.5 – 6 mm, suborbiculate, glabrescent or glabrous on the inner surface; petals four, concave, 6 – 8 × 5.5 – 6.5 mm, oblong, white, glabrous with ciliate margins; stamens up to 9 mm long, anthers 1 – 1.5 × 0.5 – 0.6 mm, oblong; staminal ring 4 – 5 mm in diameter with simple brownish trichomes up to 0.2 mm long; style 8.5 – 9.5 mm long, glabrous, stigma punctiform; ovary with two locules, ovules 24 – 36 per locule. Fruit 17 – 23 × 7 – 8.5 mm, oblong, yellowish when ripe, glabrous, crowned by persistent calyx lobes; one seed per fruit, testa woody, embryo reniform with two fused and indistinguishable cotyledons, hypocotyl not evident.	en	Giaretta, Augusto, Souza, Marcelo Da Costa, Menezes, Luis Fernando Tavares De, Peixoto, Ariane Luna (2018): Two new species of Eugenia (Myrtaceae) from the Atlantic forest of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Phytotaxa 336 (2): 181-189, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.336.2.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.336.2.5
441787D6635CFF9BFF25FF4AFEB651C4.taxon	biology_ecology	Phenology: — Collected in flower from September to November and in fruit in September and October (Figure 5).	en	Giaretta, Augusto, Souza, Marcelo Da Costa, Menezes, Luis Fernando Tavares De, Peixoto, Ariane Luna (2018): Two new species of Eugenia (Myrtaceae) from the Atlantic forest of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Phytotaxa 336 (2): 181-189, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.336.2.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.336.2.5
441787D6635CFF9BFF25FF4AFEB651C4.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — The epithet alludes to Kuek, the indigenous man who accompanied Prince Maximilian zu Wied-Neuwied on his travels across the Brazilian states of Rio de Janeiro, Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais and Bahia from 1815 to 1817 (Wied-Neuwied 1942). Kuek was a fundamental member of Maximilian’s journey as a translator of languages and cultural customs, skilful in the forest and most likely Maximilian’s inspiration for ethnological studies about the so-called Botocudos. The original Botocudo territory was the Atlantic forest in Bahia, spreading southwards in the 19 th century into Espírito Santo and Minas Gerais, reaching the Rio Doce valley (Paraiso 1998). Botocudo is actually a pejorative name given to them by Europeans in reference to the traditional lip and ear plugs used, who also accused them of being cannibals, although there is no documental proof.	en	Giaretta, Augusto, Souza, Marcelo Da Costa, Menezes, Luis Fernando Tavares De, Peixoto, Ariane Luna (2018): Two new species of Eugenia (Myrtaceae) from the Atlantic forest of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Phytotaxa 336 (2): 181-189, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.336.2.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.336.2.5
441787D6635CFF9BFF25FF4AFEB651C4.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat: — Eugenia kuekii is known from restinga vegetation in the municipalities of Aracruz, Conceição da Barra, Linhares and Vila Velha in the state of Espírito Santo.	en	Giaretta, Augusto, Souza, Marcelo Da Costa, Menezes, Luis Fernando Tavares De, Peixoto, Ariane Luna (2018): Two new species of Eugenia (Myrtaceae) from the Atlantic forest of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Phytotaxa 336 (2): 181-189, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.336.2.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.336.2.5
441787D6635CFF9BFF25FF4AFEB651C4.taxon	conservation	Conservation: — Although this species has one record from a protected area (Reserva Biológica de Comboios - Biological Reserve of Comboios), the area of occurrence of this specimen was assigned in the sheet label as secondary vegetation under natural restoration, which signals its vulnerability. Moreover, E. kuekii is also known from four localities of restinga vegetation in Espírito Santo, where intense pressure due to urban development and sand exploitation for civil construction purposes has a great impact on natural populations. Thus, the new species has a narrow Extent of Occurrence (EOO ≅ 3,200 km ²) and falls under the Endangered (EN) category, fulfilling IUCN criterion B 1 ab (iii) with EOO smaller than 5,000 km ² (B 2), with no more than five known locations (a) and continuous loss of habitat quality (b iii).	en	Giaretta, Augusto, Souza, Marcelo Da Costa, Menezes, Luis Fernando Tavares De, Peixoto, Ariane Luna (2018): Two new species of Eugenia (Myrtaceae) from the Atlantic forest of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Phytotaxa 336 (2): 181-189, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.336.2.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.336.2.5
441787D6635CFF9BFF25FF4AFEB651C4.taxon	discussion	Affinities: — Eugenia kuekii is apparently related to E. widgrenii but differs by leaves with 6 – 9 pairs of sinuous secondary veins (vs. straight), midvein biconvex and plan towards the apex (vs. canaliculate) and yellowish fruit. Eugenia kuekii is also similar to Eugenia pruinosa by an unusual vegetative feature of a remarkable cuticle of abaxial leaf resembling a velutinous indumentum to the touch, but can be distinguished by its leaves elliptic, never obovate, with base obtuse or rounded (vs. cuneate or acute), often axillary inflorescence (vs. often at leafless nodes), and fruits crowned by markedly larger sepals. See the diagnosis for a contrasting between Eugenia kuekii to E. widgrenii and E. pruinosa. Eugenia kuekii is better placed in Eugenia sect. Umbellatae (Mazine et al. 2016) according to the fasciculiform inflorescence, often remaining a solitary flower, flowers with pedicels at least four times longer than internodes of the inflorescence main axis, and persistent bracteoles.	en	Giaretta, Augusto, Souza, Marcelo Da Costa, Menezes, Luis Fernando Tavares De, Peixoto, Ariane Luna (2018): Two new species of Eugenia (Myrtaceae) from the Atlantic forest of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Phytotaxa 336 (2): 181-189, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.336.2.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.336.2.5
441787D6635CFF9BFF25FF4AFEB651C4.taxon	materials_examined	Paratypes: — BRAZIL. Espírito Santo: [município de Aracruz], Reserva Biológica de Comboios, área aberta no interior da mata, vegetação secundária em recuperação, 11 September 1994, fr., I. Weiler – Junior 72 (RB!, VIES!). Município de Guarapari, Parque Estadual Paulo César Vinha, restinga, s. d., fr., L. F. Magnago 27 (RB!, VIES!). Município de Linhares, restinga, mata periodicamente inundada, 14 November 1991, fl., O. J. Pereira et al. 2444 (ESA, RB!, VIES!). Município de Vila Velha, Interlagos, restinga, mata seca, 13 October 1995, fr., O. Zambom 142 (ESA, RB!, VIES!); Parque Municipal Jacarenema, área de restinga alta, 28 September 2016, fr, K. S. Valdemarin et al. 113 (ESA).	en	Giaretta, Augusto, Souza, Marcelo Da Costa, Menezes, Luis Fernando Tavares De, Peixoto, Ariane Luna (2018): Two new species of Eugenia (Myrtaceae) from the Atlantic forest of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Phytotaxa 336 (2): 181-189, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.336.2.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.336.2.5
