taxonID	type	format	identifier	references	title	description	created	creator	contributor	publisher	audience	source	license	rightsHolder	datasetID
4F4D2E5FFFF9FF8EFF26FF4B58F3FCE2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15028376/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15028376	FIGURES 1–9. Vegetative structures of Aphanta asiatica. Fig. 1. Habit of holotype (SY94-1). Scale bar = 1 cm. Fig. 2. The prostrate system with robust, irregularly branched terete stolons bearing peg-like hapteron (arrow) (CJ5-1). Scale bar = 1 mm. Fig. 3. Several uprights arising from the main prostrate system (SY134-1). Scale bar = 1 mm. Fig. 4. Uprights sometimes anastomosed to the stolon by a short cylinder (arrow), and a single upright arising from the stolon without a dorsal hapteron (arrowhead) (SY94-1). Scale bar = 1 mm. Fig. 5. Young cordate branches arising from the axis with obvious basal constrictions (SY94-1). Scale bar = 500 μm. Fig. 6. Lanceolate or ligulate branches with obvious basal constrictions (SY94-1). Scale bar = 1 mm. Fig. 7. An emarginate apex of a branch (JPN-X5-1). Scale bar = 50 μm. Fig. 8. Transverse section of axis, showing outer cortical layers (C), inner medulla (M), and abundant rhizoidal filaments (rf, arrow) congested in the inner cortex and distal ends and sparely distributed in the medulla (CJ5-1). Scale bar = 40 μm. Fig. 9. Longitudinal section of the node (stolon) connecting the upper axis and lower hapteron (the main hapteron) showing an appearance of a ‘reverse bouquet’, with initial coalesced rhizoidal filaments corticated (arrowhead) and then separated into several non-corticated bundles (arrow), and many floridean starch grains observed in the medullary cells (fsg, arrow) (CJ5-1). Scale bar = 100 μm.	FIGURES 1–9. Vegetative structures of Aphanta asiatica. Fig. 1. Habit of holotype (SY94-1). Scale bar = 1 cm. Fig. 2. The prostrate system with robust, irregularly branched terete stolons bearing peg-like hapteron (arrow) (CJ5-1). Scale bar = 1 mm. Fig. 3. Several uprights arising from the main prostrate system (SY134-1). Scale bar = 1 mm. Fig. 4. Uprights sometimes anastomosed to the stolon by a short cylinder (arrow), and a single upright arising from the stolon without a dorsal hapteron (arrowhead) (SY94-1). Scale bar = 1 mm. Fig. 5. Young cordate branches arising from the axis with obvious basal constrictions (SY94-1). Scale bar = 500 μm. Fig. 6. Lanceolate or ligulate branches with obvious basal constrictions (SY94-1). Scale bar = 1 mm. Fig. 7. An emarginate apex of a branch (JPN-X5-1). Scale bar = 50 μm. Fig. 8. Transverse section of axis, showing outer cortical layers (C), inner medulla (M), and abundant rhizoidal filaments (rf, arrow) congested in the inner cortex and distal ends and sparely distributed in the medulla (CJ5-1). Scale bar = 40 μm. Fig. 9. Longitudinal section of the node (stolon) connecting the upper axis and lower hapteron (the main hapteron) showing an appearance of a ‘reverse bouquet’, with initial coalesced rhizoidal filaments corticated (arrowhead) and then separated into several non-corticated bundles (arrow), and many floridean starch grains observed in the medullary cells (fsg, arrow) (CJ5-1). Scale bar = 100 μm.	2020-04-23	Wang, Xulei;Sun, Zhongmin;Xia, Bangmei;Wang, Guangce		Zenodo	biologists	Wang, Xulei;Sun, Zhongmin;Xia, Bangmei;Wang, Guangce			
4F4D2E5FFFF9FF8EFF26FF4B58F3FCE2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/13872273/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13872273	FIGURES 10–14. Longitudinal sections of haptera and external views of tetrasporangial sporophyll. Fig. 10. Longitudinal section of a commonly observed stolon and hapteron, showing a non-corticated cylindrical hapteron (arrowhead) and the present of floridean starch grains in the medullary cells (fsg, arrow) (SY134-1). Scale bar = 100 μm. Fig. 11. Longitudinal section of a stolon bearing a corticated peg-like hapteron (arrowhead) (CJ5-1). Note the stolon comprised cortical layers (C) and inner medulla (M) with floridean starch grains inside the medullary cells (fsg, arrow). Abundant coalesced rhizoidal filaments (rf, arrow) were issuing from cortical cells and running parallel till the tip (rf, arrowhead) Scale bar = 100 μm. Fig. 12. A tetrasporangial sorus (arrow) on the distal end of a branchlet (SY94-1). Scale bar = 500 μm. Fig. 13. Surface view of the tetrasporangial sorus on the distal end of an axis (SY94-1). Scale bar = 200 μm. Fig. 14. Enlargement of the surface view of a tetrasporangial sorus with tetrasporangia irregularly arranged and cruciately divided (arrowheads) (SY94-1). Scale bar = 100 μm.	FIGURES 10–14. Longitudinal sections of haptera and external views of tetrasporangial sporophyll. Fig. 10. Longitudinal section of a commonly observed stolon and hapteron, showing a non-corticated cylindrical hapteron (arrowhead) and the present of floridean starch grains in the medullary cells (fsg, arrow) (SY134-1). Scale bar = 100 μm. Fig. 11. Longitudinal section of a stolon bearing a corticated peg-like hapteron (arrowhead) (CJ5-1). Note the stolon comprised cortical layers (C) and inner medulla (M) with floridean starch grains inside the medullary cells (fsg, arrow). Abundant coalesced rhizoidal filaments (rf, arrow) were issuing from cortical cells and running parallel till the tip (rf, arrowhead) Scale bar = 100 μm. Fig. 12. A tetrasporangial sorus (arrow) on the distal end of a branchlet (SY94-1). Scale bar = 500 μm. Fig. 13. Surface view of the tetrasporangial sorus on the distal end of an axis (SY94-1). Scale bar = 200 μm. Fig. 14. Enlargement of the surface view of a tetrasporangial sorus with tetrasporangia irregularly arranged and cruciately divided (arrowheads) (SY94-1). Scale bar = 100 μm.	2020-04-23	Wang, Xulei;Sun, Zhongmin;Xia, Bangmei;Wang, Guangce		Zenodo	biologists	Wang, Xulei;Sun, Zhongmin;Xia, Bangmei;Wang, Guangce			
4F4D2E5FFFF9FF8EFF26FF4B58F3FCE2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/13872275/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13872275	FIGURES 15–22. Reproductive structures of Aphanta asiatica and field plants. Fig. 15. Cross-section of a tetrasporangial sorus (SY94-1), showing immature tetrasporangia (arrowheads) in the cortex. Scale bar = 50 μm. Fig. 16. A spermatangial sporophyll on the distal end of a branchlet (SY134-1). Scale bar = 1 mm. Fig. 17. A spermatangial sporophyll with a sterile margin (SY134-1). Scale bar = 400 μm. Fig. 18. Surface view of a spermatangial sporophyll showing distinct cell appearances (arrowheads) between sorus and the margin (SY134- 1). Scale bar = 20 μm. Fig. 19. Cross-section of a spermatangial sorus (SY134-1), showing tiny spermatangia (arrowhead) cut off from the outer cortical cells. Scale bar = 20 μm. Fig. 20. Field plants of A. asiatica growing on rocks in the subtidal zone. Fig. 21. A clump of thalli collected from Hongtang Bay, Sanya City, Hainan Island, China. Scale bar = 2 cm. Fig. 22. Plants growing on the higher rocks in the intertidal zone usually become pale and dead when exposed to the sun.	FIGURES 15–22. Reproductive structures of Aphanta asiatica and field plants. Fig. 15. Cross-section of a tetrasporangial sorus (SY94-1), showing immature tetrasporangia (arrowheads) in the cortex. Scale bar = 50 μm. Fig. 16. A spermatangial sporophyll on the distal end of a branchlet (SY134-1). Scale bar = 1 mm. Fig. 17. A spermatangial sporophyll with a sterile margin (SY134-1). Scale bar = 400 μm. Fig. 18. Surface view of a spermatangial sporophyll showing distinct cell appearances (arrowheads) between sorus and the margin (SY134- 1). Scale bar = 20 μm. Fig. 19. Cross-section of a spermatangial sorus (SY134-1), showing tiny spermatangia (arrowhead) cut off from the outer cortical cells. Scale bar = 20 μm. Fig. 20. Field plants of A. asiatica growing on rocks in the subtidal zone. Fig. 21. A clump of thalli collected from Hongtang Bay, Sanya City, Hainan Island, China. Scale bar = 2 cm. Fig. 22. Plants growing on the higher rocks in the intertidal zone usually become pale and dead when exposed to the sun.	2020-04-23	Wang, Xulei;Sun, Zhongmin;Xia, Bangmei;Wang, Guangce		Zenodo	biologists	Wang, Xulei;Sun, Zhongmin;Xia, Bangmei;Wang, Guangce			
4F4D2E5FFFF9FF8EFF26FF4B58F3FCE2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/13872277/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13872277	FIGURE 23. ML tree of 17 COI-5P sequences calculated using the GTR+I evolution model. BI posterior probability values>0.90/ML bootstrap values>50 are shown for each clade. Species in bold refer to the sequences newly generated in this study.	FIGURE 23. ML tree of 17 COI-5P sequences calculated using the GTR+I evolution model. BI posterior probability values>0.90/ML bootstrap values>50 are shown for each clade. Species in bold refer to the sequences newly generated in this study.	2020-04-23	Wang, Xulei;Sun, Zhongmin;Xia, Bangmei;Wang, Guangce		Zenodo	biologists	Wang, Xulei;Sun, Zhongmin;Xia, Bangmei;Wang, Guangce			
4F4D2E5FFFF9FF8EFF26FF4B58F3FCE2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/13872279/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13872279	FIGURE 24. ML tree of 19 rbcL sequences calculated using the GTR+I evolution model. BI posterior probability values>0.90/ML bootstrap values>50 are shown for each branch. Species in bold refer to the sequences newly generated in this study.	FIGURE 24. ML tree of 19 rbcL sequences calculated using the GTR+I evolution model. BI posterior probability values>0.90/ML bootstrap values>50 are shown for each branch. Species in bold refer to the sequences newly generated in this study.	2020-04-23	Wang, Xulei;Sun, Zhongmin;Xia, Bangmei;Wang, Guangce		Zenodo	biologists	Wang, Xulei;Sun, Zhongmin;Xia, Bangmei;Wang, Guangce			
