taxonID	type	format	identifier	references	title	description	created	creator	contributor	publisher	audience	source	license	rightsHolder	datasetID
4F5987BAE851FF8EFF11F9C3743B9CBE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325280/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325280	FIGURE 3. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. acuminata, sp. nov. aa, bb. R. ophuzi sp. nov. a, aa. gena. b, bb. lateral view.	FIGURE 3. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. acuminata, sp. nov. aa, bb. R. ophuzi sp. nov. a, aa. gena. b, bb. lateral view.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE851FF8EFF11F9C3743B9CBE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325278/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325278	FIGURE 2. Ropalidia species, females, head. a. R. acuminata, sp. nov. b. R. ophuzi, sp. nov.	FIGURE 2. Ropalidia species, females, head. a. R. acuminata, sp. nov. b. R. ophuzi, sp. nov.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE853FF89FF11FF7974559AEA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325359/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325359	FIGURE 36. Ropalidia species, females, lateral view. a. R. sandamara sp. nov. aa. R. aethiopica (DU BUYSSON). bb. R. puncta (FABRICIUS) stat. rev.. cc. R. aethiopica (DU BUYSSON), from Tanzania, formerly ssp. “bimaculata” GIORDANI SOIKA.	FIGURE 36. Ropalidia species, females, lateral view. a. R. sandamara sp. nov. aa. R. aethiopica (DU BUYSSON). bb. R. puncta (FABRICIUS) stat. rev.. cc. R. aethiopica (DU BUYSSON), from Tanzania, formerly ssp. “bimaculata” GIORDANI SOIKA.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE853FF89FF11FF7974559AEA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325347/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325347	FIGURE 31. Ropalidia species, females. a–c. R. africana (CAMERON) stat. rev.. a. propodeum, b. T1, dorsal view, c. pronotum and head, lateral view, aa–cc. R. aethiopica (DU BUYSSON), propodeum. aa. from Ghana. bb. from Kenya. cc. from Zanzibar.	FIGURE 31. Ropalidia species, females. a–c. R. africana (CAMERON) stat. rev.. a. propodeum, b. T1, dorsal view, c. pronotum and head, lateral view, aa–cc. R. aethiopica (DU BUYSSON), propodeum. aa. from Ghana. bb. from Kenya. cc. from Zanzibar.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE853FF89FF11FF7974559AEA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325331/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325331	FIGURE 24. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. flavoscutellata sp. nov. aa, bb. R. haladaorum sp. nov. a, aa. lateral view. b, bb. head.	FIGURE 24. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. flavoscutellata sp. nov. aa, bb. R. haladaorum sp. nov. a, aa. lateral view. b, bb. head.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE853FF89FF11FF7974559AEA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325333/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325333	FIGURE 25. Ropalidia species, females. a. R. fita sp. nov., dorsal view, female. b. R. fita sp. nov., scutellum setae, anterior oblique view. aa. R. africana (CAMERON) stat. rev., scutellum setae.	FIGURE 25. Ropalidia species, females. a. R. fita sp. nov., dorsal view, female. b. R. fita sp. nov., scutellum setae, anterior oblique view. aa. R. africana (CAMERON) stat. rev., scutellum setae.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE853FF89FF11FF7974559AEA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325440/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325440	FIGURE 78. Ropalidia aethiopica (DU BUYSSON), head, male, a. from Ghana, b. from Yemen.	FIGURE 78. Ropalidia aethiopica (DU BUYSSON), head, male, a. from Ghana, b. from Yemen.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE855FF8AFF11FE3475689E86.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325347/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325347	FIGURE 31. Ropalidia species, females. a–c. R. africana (CAMERON) stat. rev.. a. propodeum, b. T1, dorsal view, c. pronotum and head, lateral view, aa–cc. R. aethiopica (DU BUYSSON), propodeum. aa. from Ghana. bb. from Kenya. cc. from Zanzibar.	FIGURE 31. Ropalidia species, females. a–c. R. africana (CAMERON) stat. rev.. a. propodeum, b. T1, dorsal view, c. pronotum and head, lateral view, aa–cc. R. aethiopica (DU BUYSSON), propodeum. aa. from Ghana. bb. from Kenya. cc. from Zanzibar.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE855FF8AFF11FE3475689E86.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325426/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325426	FIGURE 70. Ropalidia africana (CAMERON) stat. rev., male. a. head. b. distal flagellomeres.	FIGURE 70. Ropalidia africana (CAMERON) stat. rev., male. a. head. b. distal flagellomeres.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE856FF8BFF11F9D874DA9C12.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325349/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325349	FIGURE 32. Ropalidia species, females. a. R. africana (CAMERON) stat. rev.. head. aa, bb. R. amanhii sp. nov. aa. propodeum. bb. head.	FIGURE 32. Ropalidia species, females. a. R. africana (CAMERON) stat. rev.. head. aa, bb. R. amanhii sp. nov. aa. propodeum. bb. head.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE856FF8BFF11F9D874DA9C12.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325442/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325442	FIGURE 79. Ropalidia amanhii sp. nov., female. a. head (paratype from mainland Tanzania), b. inferior view, c. dorsal view.	FIGURE 79. Ropalidia amanhii sp. nov., female. a. head (paratype from mainland Tanzania), b. inferior view, c. dorsal view.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE856FF8BFF11F9D874DA9C12.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325347/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325347	FIGURE 31. Ropalidia species, females. a–c. R. africana (CAMERON) stat. rev.. a. propodeum, b. T1, dorsal view, c. pronotum and head, lateral view, aa–cc. R. aethiopica (DU BUYSSON), propodeum. aa. from Ghana. bb. from Kenya. cc. from Zanzibar.	FIGURE 31. Ropalidia species, females. a–c. R. africana (CAMERON) stat. rev.. a. propodeum, b. T1, dorsal view, c. pronotum and head, lateral view, aa–cc. R. aethiopica (DU BUYSSON), propodeum. aa. from Ghana. bb. from Kenya. cc. from Zanzibar.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE828FFF5FF11FAF576689F72.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325314/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325314	FIGURE 17. Ropalidia species, females. a. R. capensis (DE SAUSSURE), oblique view. b. R. capensis (DE SAUSSURE), head. aa. R. antennata (DE SAUSSURE), oblique view.	FIGURE 17. Ropalidia species, females. a. R. capensis (DE SAUSSURE), oblique view. b. R. capensis (DE SAUSSURE), head. aa. R. antennata (DE SAUSSURE), oblique view.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE828FFF5FF11FAF576689F72.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325444/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325444	FIGURE 80. Ropalidia species: Dorsal view of female mesosoma. a. R. antennata (DE SAUSSURE), b. R. capensis (DE SAUSSURE).	FIGURE 80. Ropalidia species: Dorsal view of female mesosoma. a. R. antennata (DE SAUSSURE), b. R. capensis (DE SAUSSURE).	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE82AFFF6FF11FF79725A9C98.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325446/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325446	FIGURE 81. Ropalidia aulaeum sp. nov., a. lateral view, b. dorsal view.	FIGURE 81. Ropalidia aulaeum sp. nov., a. lateral view, b. dorsal view.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE82AFFF6FF11FF79725A9C98.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325324/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325324	FIGURE 20. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. brazzai (DU BUYSSON). aa, bb. R. aulaeum sp. nov. a, aa. head, frontal view, b, bb. lateral view.	FIGURE 20. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. brazzai (DU BUYSSON). aa, bb. R. aulaeum sp. nov. a, aa. head, frontal view, b, bb. lateral view.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE82AFFF6FF11FF79725A9C98.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325320/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325320	FIGURE 19. Ropalidia species, females, propodeum, postero-oblique view. a. R. brazzai (DU BUYSSON). b. R. aulaeum sp. nov. aa. R. salebrosa sp. nov. bb. R. excavata GIORDANI SOIKA.	FIGURE 19. Ropalidia species, females, propodeum, postero-oblique view. a. R. brazzai (DU BUYSSON). b. R. aulaeum sp. nov. aa. R. salebrosa sp. nov. bb. R. excavata GIORDANI SOIKA.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE82BFFF1FF11FC5B73399B9A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325357/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325357	FIGURE 35. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. baki sp. nov. aa, bb. R. tenebrica sp. nov. a, aa. head. b, bb. lateral view.	FIGURE 35. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. baki sp. nov. aa, bb. R. tenebrica sp. nov. a, aa. head. b, bb. lateral view.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE82BFFF1FF11FC5B73399B9A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325428/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325428	FIGURE 72. Ropalidia species, males. a, b. R. kuficha sp. nov.. aa, bb. R. baki sp. nov. a. habitus b, aa. head. c. tyloids, inner view. bb. distal tyloids.	FIGURE 72. Ropalidia species, males. a, b. R. kuficha sp. nov.. aa, bb. R. baki sp. nov. a. habitus b, aa. head. c. tyloids, inner view. bb. distal tyloids.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE82BFFF1FF11FC5B73399B9A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325450/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325450	FIGURE 82. Ropalidia baki sp. nov., male, a. head, male with a central black spot on clypeus, b. distal flagellomeres, dorsally.	FIGURE 82. Ropalidia baki sp. nov., male, a. head, male with a central black spot on clypeus, b. distal flagellomeres, dorsally.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE82DFFF2FF11FEA4759D9992.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325298/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325298	FIGURE 10. Ropalidia barbata sp. nov., female. a. head. b. head, dorsally. c. wing.	FIGURE 10. Ropalidia barbata sp. nov., female. a. head. b. head, dorsally. c. wing.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE82DFFF2FF11FEA4759D9992.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325454/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325454	FIGURE 83. Ropalidia barbata sp. nov., a. lateral view, female, b. dorsal view, male.	FIGURE 83. Ropalidia barbata sp. nov., a. lateral view, female, b. dorsal view, male.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE82FFFFCFF11FDA8739A988E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325364/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325364	FIGURE 38. Ropalidia species, females. a–c. R. caesariata sp. nov. aa–cc. R. puncta (FABRICIUS) stat. rev.. a, aa. propodeum. b, bb. T2, dorsally. c, cc. head.	FIGURE 38. Ropalidia species, females. a–c. R. caesariata sp. nov. aa–cc. R. puncta (FABRICIUS) stat. rev.. a, aa. propodeum. b, bb. T2, dorsally. c, cc. head.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE82FFFFCFF11FDA8739A988E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325456/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325456	FIGURE 84. Ropalidia caesariata sp. nov., a. dorsal view, female, b. lateral view, female.	FIGURE 84. Ropalidia caesariata sp. nov., a. dorsal view, female, b. lateral view, female.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE82FFFFCFF11FDA8739A988E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325424/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325424	FIGURE 69. Ropalidia caesariata sp. nov., male. a. head, angled view. b. distal flagellomeres.	FIGURE 69. Ropalidia caesariata sp. nov., male. a. head, angled view. b. distal flagellomeres.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE821FFFDFF11FF7975BB9C95.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325328/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325328	FIGURE 23. Ropalidia flavoscutellata sp. nov. a. propodeum, oblique view. b. forewing.	FIGURE 23. Ropalidia flavoscutellata sp. nov. a. propodeum, oblique view. b. forewing.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE822FFFFFF11FF7977959A7E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325458/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325458	FIGURE 85. Ropalidia clepsydra sp. nov., a. habitus, female, Zambia, b. habitus, female, Zimbabwe.	FIGURE 85. Ropalidia clepsydra sp. nov., a. habitus, female, Zambia, b. habitus, female, Zimbabwe.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE822FFFFFF11FF7977959A7E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325355/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325355	FIGURE 34. Ropalidia species, females, head, a. R. sandamara sp. nov. aa. R. dondo sp. nov. bb. R. clepsydra sp. nov.	FIGURE 34. Ropalidia species, females, head, a. R. sandamara sp. nov. aa. R. dondo sp. nov. bb. R. clepsydra sp. nov.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE822FFFFFF11FF7977959A7E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325376/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325376	FIGURE 44. Ropalidia species, females. a–c. R. clepsydra sp. nov. a. inner orbit. b. metapleuron. c. antenna, from Zimbabwe. aa. R. kuficha sp. nov., inner orbit. bb. R. perovici sp. nov., metapleuron. cc. R. perovici sp. nov., antenna.	FIGURE 44. Ropalidia species, females. a–c. R. clepsydra sp. nov. a. inner orbit. b. metapleuron. c. antenna, from Zimbabwe. aa. R. kuficha sp. nov., inner orbit. bb. R. perovici sp. nov., metapleuron. cc. R. perovici sp. nov., antenna.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE822FFFFFF11FF7977959A7E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325276/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325276	FIGURE 1. Ropalidia species, females, antenna. a. R. antennata (DE SAUSSURE), aa. R. clepsydra sp. nov.	FIGURE 1. Ropalidia species, females, antenna. a. R. antennata (DE SAUSSURE), aa. R. clepsydra sp. nov.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE823FFF8FF11FC78720A9D16.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325341/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325341	FIGURE 29. Ropalidia species, females, habitus. a. R. copelandi sp. nov. b. R. mangoflava sp. nov. (the only examined specimen was most probably collected soon after hatching; photos of the fresh specimen are available in Supplementary Figures 10, 11 and 12). aa. R. irrequieta KOHL. bb. R. dondo sp. nov.	FIGURE 29. Ropalidia species, females, habitus. a. R. copelandi sp. nov. b. R. mangoflava sp. nov. (the only examined specimen was most probably collected soon after hatching; photos of the fresh specimen are available in Supplementary Figures 10, 11 and 12). aa. R. irrequieta KOHL. bb. R. dondo sp. nov.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE823FFF8FF11FC78720A9D16.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325343/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325343	FIGURE 30. Ropalidia species, females, head. a. R. copelandi sp. nov., aa. R. mangoflava sp. nov.	FIGURE 30. Ropalidia species, females, head. a. R. copelandi sp. nov., aa. R. mangoflava sp. nov.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE823FFF8FF11FC78720A9D16.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325460/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325460	FIGURE 86. Ropalidia copelandi sp. nov., a. dorsal view, female, b. infero-oblique view, female, c. infero-oblique view, male.	FIGURE 86. Ropalidia copelandi sp. nov., a. dorsal view, female, b. infero-oblique view, female, c. infero-oblique view, male.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE823FFF8FF11FC78720A9D16.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325408/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325408	FIGURE 62. Ropalidia species, males. a, b. R. copelandi sp. nov. aa. R. guttatipennis (DE SAUSSURE). bb. R. dondo sp. nov. a. head. b, aa, bb. habitus, oblique view.	FIGURE 62. Ropalidia species, males. a, b. R. copelandi sp. nov. aa. R. guttatipennis (DE SAUSSURE). bb. R. dondo sp. nov. a. head. b, aa, bb. habitus, oblique view.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE823FFF8FF11FC78720A9D16.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325406/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325406	FIGURE 61. Ropalidia species, males. a, b. R. copelandi sp. nov. aa. R. tenuipilosa sp. nov. bb. R. fita sp. nov. a, aa, bb. distal flagellomeres, dorsal view. b. tyloids, inner view.	FIGURE 61. Ropalidia species, males. a, b. R. copelandi sp. nov. aa. R. tenuipilosa sp. nov. bb. R. fita sp. nov. a, aa, bb. distal flagellomeres, dorsal view. b. tyloids, inner view.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE825FFFAFF11FBAA72699876.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325290/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325290	FIGURE 6. Ropalidia crassipunctata GIORDANI SOIKA. a. lateral view. b. head.	FIGURE 6. Ropalidia crassipunctata GIORDANI SOIKA. a. lateral view. b. head.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE825FFFAFF11FBAA72699876.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325390/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325390	FIGURE 51. Ropalidia crassipunctata GIORDANI SOIKA, male. a. head. b. terminal flagellomere.	FIGURE 51. Ropalidia crassipunctata GIORDANI SOIKA, male. a. head. b. terminal flagellomere.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE825FFFAFF11FBAA72699876.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325462/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325462	FIGURE 87. Ropalidia crassipunctata GIORDANI SOIKA, male, a. dorsal view, b. spur of the tarsal segment I of the fore leg.	FIGURE 87. Ropalidia crassipunctata GIORDANI SOIKA, male, a. dorsal view, b. spur of the tarsal segment I of the fore leg.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE826FFE4FF11F94D76E19E36.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325465/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325465	FIGURE 88. Ropalidia dondo sp. nov., Northern colour form, a. dorsal, b. lateral, female.	FIGURE 88. Ropalidia dondo sp. nov., Northern colour form, a. dorsal, b. lateral, female.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE826FFE4FF11F94D76E19E36.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325341/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325341	FIGURE 29. Ropalidia species, females, habitus. a. R. copelandi sp. nov. b. R. mangoflava sp. nov. (the only examined specimen was most probably collected soon after hatching; photos of the fresh specimen are available in Supplementary Figures 10, 11 and 12). aa. R. irrequieta KOHL. bb. R. dondo sp. nov.	FIGURE 29. Ropalidia species, females, habitus. a. R. copelandi sp. nov. b. R. mangoflava sp. nov. (the only examined specimen was most probably collected soon after hatching; photos of the fresh specimen are available in Supplementary Figures 10, 11 and 12). aa. R. irrequieta KOHL. bb. R. dondo sp. nov.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE826FFE4FF11F94D76E19E36.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325382/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325382	FIGURE 46. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. dondo sp. nov., aa, bb. R. guttatipennis (DE SAUSSURE). a, aa. oblique lateral view, b, bb. metanotum and propodeum.	FIGURE 46. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. dondo sp. nov., aa, bb. R. guttatipennis (DE SAUSSURE). a, aa. oblique lateral view, b, bb. metanotum and propodeum.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE826FFE4FF11F94D76E19E36.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325355/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325355	FIGURE 34. Ropalidia species, females, head, a. R. sandamara sp. nov. aa. R. dondo sp. nov. bb. R. clepsydra sp. nov.	FIGURE 34. Ropalidia species, females, head, a. R. sandamara sp. nov. aa. R. dondo sp. nov. bb. R. clepsydra sp. nov.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE826FFE4FF11F94D76E19E36.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325412/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325412	FIGURE 63. Ropalidia species, males. a–c. R. dondo sp. nov. aa–cc. R. guttatipennis (DE SAUSSURE). a, aa. head, oblique inferior view. b, bb. distal flagellomeres. c, cc. T2 lamella.	FIGURE 63. Ropalidia species, males. a–c. R. dondo sp. nov. aa–cc. R. guttatipennis (DE SAUSSURE). a, aa. head, oblique inferior view. b, bb. distal flagellomeres. c, cc. T2 lamella.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE826FFE4FF11F94D76E19E36.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325408/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325408	FIGURE 62. Ropalidia species, males. a, b. R. copelandi sp. nov. aa. R. guttatipennis (DE SAUSSURE). bb. R. dondo sp. nov. a. head. b, aa, bb. habitus, oblique view.	FIGURE 62. Ropalidia species, males. a, b. R. copelandi sp. nov. aa. R. guttatipennis (DE SAUSSURE). bb. R. dondo sp. nov. a. head. b, aa, bb. habitus, oblique view.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE838FFE6FF11F8A674D29A22.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325296/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325296	FIGURE 8. Ropalidia species, females. a–d. R. mosichi sp. nov., aa, bb. R. macloutsie sp. nov. a. head. b, aa. second metasomal segment. c. gena. d, bb. pronotum, oblique view.	FIGURE 8. Ropalidia species, females. a–d. R. mosichi sp. nov., aa, bb. R. macloutsie sp. nov. a. head. b, aa. second metasomal segment. c. gena. d, bb. pronotum, oblique view.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE838FFE6FF11F8A674D29A22.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325326/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325326	FIGURE 22. Ropalidia species, females. a–c. R. salebrosa sp. nov. aa, bb. R. excavata GIORDANI SOIKA. a, aa. lateral view. b. dorsal view. c, bb. head.	FIGURE 22. Ropalidia species, females. a–c. R. salebrosa sp. nov. aa, bb. R. excavata GIORDANI SOIKA. a, aa. lateral view. b. dorsal view. c, bb. head.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE838FFE6FF11F8A674D29A22.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325320/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325320	FIGURE 19. Ropalidia species, females, propodeum, postero-oblique view. a. R. brazzai (DU BUYSSON). b. R. aulaeum sp. nov. aa. R. salebrosa sp. nov. bb. R. excavata GIORDANI SOIKA.	FIGURE 19. Ropalidia species, females, propodeum, postero-oblique view. a. R. brazzai (DU BUYSSON). b. R. aulaeum sp. nov. aa. R. salebrosa sp. nov. bb. R. excavata GIORDANI SOIKA.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE838FFE6FF11F8A674D29A22.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325467/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325467	FIGURE 89a. Ropalidia excavata GIORDANI SOIKA, male, habitus, oblique lateral view.	FIGURE 89a. Ropalidia excavata GIORDANI SOIKA, male, habitus, oblique lateral view.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE838FFE6FF11F8A674D29A22.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325414/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325414	FIGURE 64. Ropalidia excavata GIORDANI SOIKA, male. a. head, b. distal flagellomeres.	FIGURE 64. Ropalidia excavata GIORDANI SOIKA, male. a. head, b. distal flagellomeres.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE838FFE6FF11F8A674D29A22.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325374/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325374	FIGURE 43. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. kuficha sp. nov. aa, bb. R. guttatipennis (DE SAUSSURE). a, aa. propodeum, oblique posterior view, b. head. bb. head, South African Republic (TT cluster).	FIGURE 43. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. kuficha sp. nov. aa, bb. R. guttatipennis (DE SAUSSURE). a, aa. propodeum, oblique posterior view, b. head. bb. head, South African Republic (TT cluster).	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE83AFFE0FF11FBB173269F1E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325335/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325335	FIGURE 26. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. tomentosa (GERSTAECKER). aa, bb. R. fita sp. nov. a, aa. lateral view. b, bb. head.	FIGURE 26. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. tomentosa (GERSTAECKER). aa, bb. R. fita sp. nov. a, aa. lateral view. b, bb. head.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE83AFFE0FF11FBB173269F1E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325333/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325333	FIGURE 25. Ropalidia species, females. a. R. fita sp. nov., dorsal view, female. b. R. fita sp. nov., scutellum setae, anterior oblique view. aa. R. africana (CAMERON) stat. rev., scutellum setae.	FIGURE 25. Ropalidia species, females. a. R. fita sp. nov., dorsal view, female. b. R. fita sp. nov., scutellum setae, anterior oblique view. aa. R. africana (CAMERON) stat. rev., scutellum setae.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE83AFFE0FF11FBB173269F1E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325422/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325422	FIGURE 68. Ropalidia species, male. a, b. R. tomentosa (GERSTAECKER). aa. R. fita sp. nov. a, aa. head, b. distal flagellomeres.	FIGURE 68. Ropalidia species, male. a, b. R. tomentosa (GERSTAECKER). aa. R. fita sp. nov. a, aa. head, b. distal flagellomeres.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE83AFFE0FF11FBB173269F1E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325406/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325406	FIGURE 61. Ropalidia species, males. a, b. R. copelandi sp. nov. aa. R. tenuipilosa sp. nov. bb. R. fita sp. nov. a, aa, bb. distal flagellomeres, dorsal view. b. tyloids, inner view.	FIGURE 61. Ropalidia species, males. a, b. R. copelandi sp. nov. aa. R. tenuipilosa sp. nov. bb. R. fita sp. nov. a, aa, bb. distal flagellomeres, dorsal view. b. tyloids, inner view.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE83DFFE2FF11FF79720D9AEA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325331/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325331	FIGURE 24. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. flavoscutellata sp. nov. aa, bb. R. haladaorum sp. nov. a, aa. lateral view. b, bb. head.	FIGURE 24. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. flavoscutellata sp. nov. aa, bb. R. haladaorum sp. nov. a, aa. lateral view. b, bb. head.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE83DFFE2FF11FF79720D9AEA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325328/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325328	FIGURE 23. Ropalidia flavoscutellata sp. nov. a. propodeum, oblique view. b. forewing.	FIGURE 23. Ropalidia flavoscutellata sp. nov. a. propodeum, oblique view. b. forewing.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE83DFFE2FF11FF79720D9AEA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325469/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325469	FIGURE 91. Ropalidia flavoscutellata sp. nov., a. dorsal view, female.	FIGURE 91. Ropalidia flavoscutellata sp. nov., a. dorsal view, female.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE83DFFE2FF11FF79720D9AEA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325400/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325400	FIGURE 59. Ropalidia flavoscutellata sp. nov., male. a. habitus. b. antenna.	FIGURE 59. Ropalidia flavoscutellata sp. nov., male. a. habitus. b. antenna.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE83DFFE2FF11FF79720D9AEA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325402/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325402	FIGURE 60. Ropalidia species, males. a. R. flavoscutellata sp. nov., head. aa. R. haladaorum sp. nov., male, lateral view, bb. R. haladaorum sp. nov., head.	FIGURE 60. Ropalidia species, males. a. R. flavoscutellata sp. nov., head. aa. R. haladaorum sp. nov., male, lateral view, bb. R. haladaorum sp. nov., head.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE83EFFECFF11FA50743A9876.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325471/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325471	FIGURE 92. Ropalidia guttatipennis (DE SAUSSURE), lateral view, female, a. n cluster (nominal form), b. tT cluster, c. TT cluster, d. b cluster, e. d cluster, f. sm cluster.	FIGURE 92. Ropalidia guttatipennis (DE SAUSSURE), lateral view, female, a. n cluster (nominal form), b. tT cluster, c. TT cluster, d. b cluster, e. d cluster, f. sm cluster.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE831FFEEFF11FF79748A99CA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325331/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325331	FIGURE 24. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. flavoscutellata sp. nov. aa, bb. R. haladaorum sp. nov. a, aa. lateral view. b, bb. head.	FIGURE 24. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. flavoscutellata sp. nov. aa, bb. R. haladaorum sp. nov. a, aa. lateral view. b, bb. head.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE831FFEEFF11FF79748A99CA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325473/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325473	FIGURE 93. Ropalidia haladaorum sp. nov. a. mesosoma, lateral view, female, b. terminal flagellomere, male.	FIGURE 93. Ropalidia haladaorum sp. nov. a. mesosoma, lateral view, female, b. terminal flagellomere, male.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE831FFEEFF11FF79748A99CA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325328/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325328	FIGURE 23. Ropalidia flavoscutellata sp. nov. a. propodeum, oblique view. b. forewing.	FIGURE 23. Ropalidia flavoscutellata sp. nov. a. propodeum, oblique view. b. forewing.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE831FFEEFF11FF79748A99CA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325402/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325402	FIGURE 60. Ropalidia species, males. a. R. flavoscutellata sp. nov., head. aa. R. haladaorum sp. nov., male, lateral view, bb. R. haladaorum sp. nov., head.	FIGURE 60. Ropalidia species, males. a. R. flavoscutellata sp. nov., head. aa. R. haladaorum sp. nov., male, lateral view, bb. R. haladaorum sp. nov., head.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE832FFEFFF11FA2672499E6E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325475/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325475	FIGURE 94. Ropalidia hastata sp. nov. a. lateral view, male, holotype.	FIGURE 94. Ropalidia hastata sp. nov. a. lateral view, male, holotype.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE832FFEFFF11FA2672499E6E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325396/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325396	FIGURE 55. Ropalidia species, males. a–c. R. hastata sp. nov. aa, bb. R. capensis (DE SAUSSURE). a, aa. head. b, bb. terminal flagellomeres, posterior (median) view. c. distal flagellomeres.	FIGURE 55. Ropalidia species, males. a–c. R. hastata sp. nov. aa, bb. R. capensis (DE SAUSSURE). a, aa. head. b, bb. terminal flagellomeres, posterior (median) view. c. distal flagellomeres.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE834FFE9FF11FF7975D599CA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325341/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325341	FIGURE 29. Ropalidia species, females, habitus. a. R. copelandi sp. nov. b. R. mangoflava sp. nov. (the only examined specimen was most probably collected soon after hatching; photos of the fresh specimen are available in Supplementary Figures 10, 11 and 12). aa. R. irrequieta KOHL. bb. R. dondo sp. nov.	FIGURE 29. Ropalidia species, females, habitus. a. R. copelandi sp. nov. b. R. mangoflava sp. nov. (the only examined specimen was most probably collected soon after hatching; photos of the fresh specimen are available in Supplementary Figures 10, 11 and 12). aa. R. irrequieta KOHL. bb. R. dondo sp. nov.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE834FFE9FF11FF7975D599CA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325361/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325361	FIGURE 37. Ropalidia species, females. a–c. R. irrequieta (KOHL). a. Pronotum. b. head, from Eritrea. c. head, from Yemen. aa. R. sandamara sp. nov., pronotum.	FIGURE 37. Ropalidia species, females. a–c. R. irrequieta (KOHL). a. Pronotum. b. head, from Eritrea. c. head, from Yemen. aa. R. sandamara sp. nov., pronotum.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE834FFE9FF11FF7975D599CA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325477/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325477	FIGURE 95. Ropalidia irrequieta (KOHL), males. a. African mainland colour pattern. b. Arabian Peninsula colour pattern.	FIGURE 95. Ropalidia irrequieta (KOHL), males. a. African mainland colour pattern. b. Arabian Peninsula colour pattern.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE834FFE9FF11FF7975D599CA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325430/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325430	FIGURE 73. Ropalidia species, males. a. R. irrequieta (KOHL), head. aa, bb. R. sandamara sp. nov.: aa. head; bb. distal flagellomeres.	FIGURE 73. Ropalidia species, males. a. R. irrequieta (KOHL), head. aa, bb. R. sandamara sp. nov.: aa. head; bb. distal flagellomeres.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE834FFE9FF11FF7975D599CA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325278/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325278	FIGURE 2. Ropalidia species, females, head. a. R. acuminata, sp. nov. b. R. ophuzi, sp. nov.	FIGURE 2. Ropalidia species, females, head. a. R. acuminata, sp. nov. b. R. ophuzi, sp. nov.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE834FFE9FF11FF7975D599CA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325384/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325384	FIGURE 47. Ropalidia species, males. a, b. R. antennata (DE SAUSSURE). aa. R. irrequieta (KOHL). a, aa. antenna. b. fore leg with a tarsal spur.	FIGURE 47. Ropalidia species, males. a, b. R. antennata (DE SAUSSURE). aa. R. irrequieta (KOHL). a, aa. antenna. b. fore leg with a tarsal spur.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE835FFEBFF11FB0D76CF9A06.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325286/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325286	FIGURE 5. Ropalidia kitui sp. nov. a. distal mesosoma and proximal metasoma, dorsally. b. head.	FIGURE 5. Ropalidia kitui sp. nov. a. distal mesosoma and proximal metasoma, dorsally. b. head.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE835FFEBFF11FB0D76CF9A06.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325479/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325479	FIGURE 96. Ropalidia kitui sp. nov., a. lateral view, female. b. dorsal view, female.	FIGURE 96. Ropalidia kitui sp. nov., a. lateral view, female. b. dorsal view, female.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE837FFD5FF11FE58749B985A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325374/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325374	FIGURE 43. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. kuficha sp. nov. aa, bb. R. guttatipennis (DE SAUSSURE). a, aa. propodeum, oblique posterior view, b. head. bb. head, South African Republic (TT cluster).	FIGURE 43. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. kuficha sp. nov. aa, bb. R. guttatipennis (DE SAUSSURE). a, aa. propodeum, oblique posterior view, b. head. bb. head, South African Republic (TT cluster).	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE837FFD5FF11FE58749B985A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325378/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325378	FIGURE 45. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. perovici sp. nov. a. lateral view, from Kenya. b. propodeum, oblique dorsal view. aa. R. kuficha sp. nov., very xanthic specimen from Kenya.	FIGURE 45. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. perovici sp. nov. a. lateral view, from Kenya. b. propodeum, oblique dorsal view. aa. R. kuficha sp. nov., very xanthic specimen from Kenya.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE837FFD5FF11FE58749B985A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325376/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325376	FIGURE 44. Ropalidia species, females. a–c. R. clepsydra sp. nov. a. inner orbit. b. metapleuron. c. antenna, from Zimbabwe. aa. R. kuficha sp. nov., inner orbit. bb. R. perovici sp. nov., metapleuron. cc. R. perovici sp. nov., antenna.	FIGURE 44. Ropalidia species, females. a–c. R. clepsydra sp. nov. a. inner orbit. b. metapleuron. c. antenna, from Zimbabwe. aa. R. kuficha sp. nov., inner orbit. bb. R. perovici sp. nov., metapleuron. cc. R. perovici sp. nov., antenna.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE837FFD5FF11FE58749B985A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325481/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325481	FIGURE 97. Ropalidia kuficha sp. nov., a. coxa I, female. b. habitus, female. c. scutellum, anterior oblique view.	FIGURE 97. Ropalidia kuficha sp. nov., a. coxa I, female. b. habitus, female. c. scutellum, anterior oblique view.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE837FFD5FF11FE58749B985A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325428/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325428	FIGURE 72. Ropalidia species, males. a, b. R. kuficha sp. nov.. aa, bb. R. baki sp. nov. a. habitus b, aa. head. c. tyloids, inner view. bb. distal tyloids.	FIGURE 72. Ropalidia species, males. a, b. R. kuficha sp. nov.. aa, bb. R. baki sp. nov. a. habitus b, aa. head. c. tyloids, inner view. bb. distal tyloids.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE809FFD6FF11FC6473D19D6A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325284/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325284	FIGURE 4. Ropalidia species, females. a–c. R. luculenta sp. nov. aa. R. nigrocerasina sp. nov., bb. R. valentula sp. nov. a. head, b. dorsal view, c, aa, bb. lateral view.	FIGURE 4. Ropalidia species, females. a–c. R. luculenta sp. nov. aa. R. nigrocerasina sp. nov., bb. R. valentula sp. nov. a. head, b. dorsal view, c, aa, bb. lateral view.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE809FFD6FF11FC6473D19D6A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325388/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325388	FIGURE 50. Ropalidia luculenta sp. nov., male. a. head. b. distal flagellomeres.	FIGURE 50. Ropalidia luculenta sp. nov., male. a. head. b. distal flagellomeres.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE80AFFD7FF11F9B473C99F3A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325318/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325318	FIGURE 18. Ropalidia mabawa sp. nov. a. dorsal view. b. propodeum, postero-oblique view. c. head.	FIGURE 18. Ropalidia mabawa sp. nov. a. dorsal view. b. propodeum, postero-oblique view. c. head.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE80BFFD0FF11FB44753E9C2E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325296/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325296	FIGURE 8. Ropalidia species, females. a–d. R. mosichi sp. nov., aa, bb. R. macloutsie sp. nov. a. head. b, aa. second metasomal segment. c. gena. d, bb. pronotum, oblique view.	FIGURE 8. Ropalidia species, females. a–d. R. mosichi sp. nov., aa, bb. R. macloutsie sp. nov. a. head. b, aa. second metasomal segment. c. gena. d, bb. pronotum, oblique view.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE80BFFD0FF11FB44753E9C2E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325483/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325483	FIGURE 98. Ropalidia macloutsie sp. nov., a. lateral view, female.	FIGURE 98. Ropalidia macloutsie sp. nov., a. lateral view, female.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE80DFFD2FF11FC6077949F56.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325292/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325292	FIGURE 7. Ropalidia species, females. a. R. novissima GIORDANI SOIKA, head, b. R. mosichi sp. nov., lateral view. aa. R. antennata (DE SAUSSURE), head. bb. R. makore sp. nov., lateral view.	FIGURE 7. Ropalidia species, females. a. R. novissima GIORDANI SOIKA, head, b. R. mosichi sp. nov., lateral view. aa. R. antennata (DE SAUSSURE), head. bb. R. makore sp. nov., lateral view.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE80DFFD2FF11FC6077949F56.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325308/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325308	FIGURE 14. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. makore sp. nov. aa. R. antennata (DE SAUSSURE). a. head. b, aa. T1, dorsally.	FIGURE 14. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. makore sp. nov. aa. R. antennata (DE SAUSSURE). a. head. b, aa. T1, dorsally.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE80EFFD3FF11FB68743E9E6E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325343/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325343	FIGURE 30. Ropalidia species, females, head. a. R. copelandi sp. nov., aa. R. mangoflava sp. nov.	FIGURE 30. Ropalidia species, females, head. a. R. copelandi sp. nov., aa. R. mangoflava sp. nov.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE80EFFD3FF11FB68743E9E6E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325341/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325341	FIGURE 29. Ropalidia species, females, habitus. a. R. copelandi sp. nov. b. R. mangoflava sp. nov. (the only examined specimen was most probably collected soon after hatching; photos of the fresh specimen are available in Supplementary Figures 10, 11 and 12). aa. R. irrequieta KOHL. bb. R. dondo sp. nov.	FIGURE 29. Ropalidia species, females, habitus. a. R. copelandi sp. nov. b. R. mangoflava sp. nov. (the only examined specimen was most probably collected soon after hatching; photos of the fresh specimen are available in Supplementary Figures 10, 11 and 12). aa. R. irrequieta KOHL. bb. R. dondo sp. nov.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE80EFFD3FF11FB68743E9E6E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325302/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325302	FIGURE 12. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. nigrocerasina sp. nov., aa, bb. R. valentula sp. nov. a, aa. pronotal collar. b, bb. head.	FIGURE 12. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. nigrocerasina sp. nov., aa, bb. R. valentula sp. nov. a, aa. pronotal collar. b, bb. head.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE80EFFD3FF11FB68743E9E6E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325300/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325300	FIGURE 11. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. valentula sp. nov. aa, bb. R. capensis (DE SAUSSURE). a, aa. propodeum. b, bb. mandible.	FIGURE 11. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. valentula sp. nov. aa, bb. R. capensis (DE SAUSSURE). a, aa. propodeum. b, bb. mandible.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE80EFFD3FF11FB68743E9E6E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325298/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325298	FIGURE 10. Ropalidia barbata sp. nov., female. a. head. b. head, dorsally. c. wing.	FIGURE 10. Ropalidia barbata sp. nov., female. a. head. b. head, dorsally. c. wing.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE80EFFD3FF11FB68743E9E6E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325489/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325489	FIGURE 101a. Ropalidia mangoflava sp. nov. S1, ventral view.	FIGURE 101a. Ropalidia mangoflava sp. nov. S1, ventral view.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE80FFFDCFF11FAB073269FC2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325292/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325292	FIGURE 7. Ropalidia species, females. a. R. novissima GIORDANI SOIKA, head, b. R. mosichi sp. nov., lateral view. aa. R. antennata (DE SAUSSURE), head. bb. R. makore sp. nov., lateral view.	FIGURE 7. Ropalidia species, females. a. R. novissima GIORDANI SOIKA, head, b. R. mosichi sp. nov., lateral view. aa. R. antennata (DE SAUSSURE), head. bb. R. makore sp. nov., lateral view.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE80FFFDCFF11FAB073269FC2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325296/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325296	FIGURE 8. Ropalidia species, females. a–d. R. mosichi sp. nov., aa, bb. R. macloutsie sp. nov. a. head. b, aa. second metasomal segment. c. gena. d, bb. pronotum, oblique view.	FIGURE 8. Ropalidia species, females. a–d. R. mosichi sp. nov., aa, bb. R. macloutsie sp. nov. a. head. b, aa. second metasomal segment. c. gena. d, bb. pronotum, oblique view.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE800FFDEFF11FB1C74C49A06.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325284/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325284	FIGURE 4. Ropalidia species, females. a–c. R. luculenta sp. nov. aa. R. nigrocerasina sp. nov., bb. R. valentula sp. nov. a. head, b. dorsal view, c, aa, bb. lateral view.	FIGURE 4. Ropalidia species, females. a–c. R. luculenta sp. nov. aa. R. nigrocerasina sp. nov., bb. R. valentula sp. nov. a. head, b. dorsal view, c, aa, bb. lateral view.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE800FFDEFF11FB1C74C49A06.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325302/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325302	FIGURE 12. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. nigrocerasina sp. nov., aa, bb. R. valentula sp. nov. a, aa. pronotal collar. b, bb. head.	FIGURE 12. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. nigrocerasina sp. nov., aa, bb. R. valentula sp. nov. a, aa. pronotal collar. b, bb. head.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE800FFDEFF11FB1C74C49A06.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325485/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325485	FIGURE 99. Ropalidia nigrocerasina sp. nov. a. inferior oblique view, female. b. tyloids, male.	FIGURE 99. Ropalidia nigrocerasina sp. nov. a. inferior oblique view, female. b. tyloids, male.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE800FFDEFF11FB1C74C49A06.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325394/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325394	FIGURE 54. Ropalidia nigrocerasina sp. nov., male. a. habitus. b. head. c. terminal flagellomere.	FIGURE 54. Ropalidia nigrocerasina sp. nov., male. a. habitus. b. head. c. terminal flagellomere.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE802FFDFFF11FB6275089E52.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325436/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325436	FIGURE 76. Ropalidia species: head, male. a. R. tenebrica sp. nov., aa. R. tenuipilosa sp. nov., bb. R. nigrofemorata (CAMERON).	FIGURE 76. Ropalidia species: head, male. a. R. tenebrica sp. nov., aa. R. tenuipilosa sp. nov., bb. R. nigrofemorata (CAMERON).	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE802FFDFFF11FB6275089E52.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325370/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325370	FIGURE 41. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. tenebrica sp. nov. a. forewing stigma. b. mesosoma, lateral oblique view. aa. R. nigrofemorata (CAMERON), fore wing stigma.	FIGURE 41. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. tenebrica sp. nov. a. forewing stigma. b. mesosoma, lateral oblique view. aa. R. nigrofemorata (CAMERON), fore wing stigma.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE802FFDFFF11FB6275089E52.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325432/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325432	FIGURE 74. Ropalidia species, males. a. R. puncta (FABRICIUS) stat. rev., pronotal collar, oblique posterior view.b. R.aethiopica (DU BUYSSON), distal flagellomeres. c. R. aethiopica (DU BUYSSON), T1 and T2, lateral view. aa. R. nigrofemorata (CAMERON), pronotal collar, oblique posterior view. bb. R. nigrofemorata (CAMERON), distal flagellomeres. cc. R. tenebrica sp. nov., distal flagellomeres. dd. R. nigrofemorata (CAMERON), T1 and T2, lateral view.	FIGURE 74. Ropalidia species, males. a. R. puncta (FABRICIUS) stat. rev., pronotal collar, oblique posterior view.b. R.aethiopica (DU BUYSSON), distal flagellomeres. c. R. aethiopica (DU BUYSSON), T1 and T2, lateral view. aa. R. nigrofemorata (CAMERON), pronotal collar, oblique posterior view. bb. R. nigrofemorata (CAMERON), distal flagellomeres. cc. R. tenebrica sp. nov., distal flagellomeres. dd. R. nigrofemorata (CAMERON), T1 and T2, lateral view.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE802FFDFFF11FB6275089E52.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325438/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325438	FIGURE 77. Ropalidia species: tyloids of the distal flagellomeres, male.a. R. nigrofemorata (CAMERON), male, aa. R. tenuipilosa sp. nov.	FIGURE 77. Ropalidia species: tyloids of the distal flagellomeres, male.a. R. nigrofemorata (CAMERON), male, aa. R. tenuipilosa sp. nov.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE802FFDFFF11FB6275089E52.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325335/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325335	FIGURE 26. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. tomentosa (GERSTAECKER). aa, bb. R. fita sp. nov. a, aa. lateral view. b, bb. head.	FIGURE 26. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. tomentosa (GERSTAECKER). aa, bb. R. fita sp. nov. a, aa. lateral view. b, bb. head.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE804FFD8FF11FF7972F59C11.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325386/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325386	FIGURE 48. Ropalidia species, males. a–c. R. novissima GIORDANI SOIKA. aa, bb. R. antennata (DE SAUSSURE). a, aa. head. b. head and mesosoma, lateral view, c, bb. distal flagellomeres.	FIGURE 48. Ropalidia species, males. a–c. R. novissima GIORDANI SOIKA. aa, bb. R. antennata (DE SAUSSURE). a, aa. head. b. head and mesosoma, lateral view, c, bb. distal flagellomeres.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE805FFDAFF11FF7974509902.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325310/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325310	FIGURE 15. Ropalidia nubila sp. nov., female. a. head. b. lateral view.	FIGURE 15. Ropalidia nubila sp. nov., female. a. head. b. lateral view.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE805FFDAFF11FF7974509902.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325487/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325487	FIGURE 100. Ropalidia nubila sp. nov. a. dorsal view, female, b. lateral view, male.	FIGURE 100. Ropalidia nubila sp. nov. a. dorsal view, female, b. lateral view, male.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE806FFC4FF11F9D4761F99CA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325278/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325278	FIGURE 2. Ropalidia species, females, head. a. R. acuminata, sp. nov. b. R. ophuzi, sp. nov.	FIGURE 2. Ropalidia species, females, head. a. R. acuminata, sp. nov. b. R. ophuzi, sp. nov.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE806FFC4FF11F9D4761F99CA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325280/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325280	FIGURE 3. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. acuminata, sp. nov. aa, bb. R. ophuzi sp. nov. a, aa. gena. b, bb. lateral view.	FIGURE 3. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. acuminata, sp. nov. aa, bb. R. ophuzi sp. nov. a, aa. gena. b, bb. lateral view.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE818FFC6FF11FD03736B98C6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325378/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325378	FIGURE 45. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. perovici sp. nov. a. lateral view, from Kenya. b. propodeum, oblique dorsal view. aa. R. kuficha sp. nov., very xanthic specimen from Kenya.	FIGURE 45. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. perovici sp. nov. a. lateral view, from Kenya. b. propodeum, oblique dorsal view. aa. R. kuficha sp. nov., very xanthic specimen from Kenya.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE818FFC6FF11FD03736B98C6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325491/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325491	FIGURE 102. Ropalidia perovici sp. nov. a. head, a. female from Kenya (eastern coastal cluster), b. Zambia (inland cluster), c. the South African Republic (southern coastal cluster), d. habitus, South coastal cluster.	FIGURE 102. Ropalidia perovici sp. nov. a. head, a. female from Kenya (eastern coastal cluster), b. Zambia (inland cluster), c. the South African Republic (southern coastal cluster), d. habitus, South coastal cluster.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE818FFC6FF11FD03736B98C6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325376/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325376	FIGURE 44. Ropalidia species, females. a–c. R. clepsydra sp. nov. a. inner orbit. b. metapleuron. c. antenna, from Zimbabwe. aa. R. kuficha sp. nov., inner orbit. bb. R. perovici sp. nov., metapleuron. cc. R. perovici sp. nov., antenna.	FIGURE 44. Ropalidia species, females. a–c. R. clepsydra sp. nov. a. inner orbit. b. metapleuron. c. antenna, from Zimbabwe. aa. R. kuficha sp. nov., inner orbit. bb. R. perovici sp. nov., metapleuron. cc. R. perovici sp. nov., antenna.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE818FFC6FF11FD03736B98C6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325398/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325398	FIGURE 58. Ropalidia species, males. a, b. R. perovici sp. nov. aa, bb. R. puncta (FABRICIUS) stat. rev. a, aa. head. b, bb. distal flagellomeres.	FIGURE 58. Ropalidia species, males. a, b. R. perovici sp. nov. aa, bb. R. puncta (FABRICIUS) stat. rev. a, aa. head. b, bb. distal flagellomeres.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE81BFFC7FF11FF7976B59E8F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325304/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325304	FIGURE 13. Ropalidia retromaculata sp. nov. a. head. b. gena. c. distal metasoma.	FIGURE 13. Ropalidia retromaculata sp. nov. a. head. b. gena. c. distal metasoma.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE81BFFC7FF11FF7976B59E8F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325308/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325308	FIGURE 14. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. makore sp. nov. aa. R. antennata (DE SAUSSURE). a. head. b, aa. T1, dorsally.	FIGURE 14. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. makore sp. nov. aa. R. antennata (DE SAUSSURE). a. head. b, aa. T1, dorsally.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE81BFFC7FF11FF7976B59E8F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325310/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325310	FIGURE 15. Ropalidia nubila sp. nov., female. a. head. b. lateral view.	FIGURE 15. Ropalidia nubila sp. nov., female. a. head. b. lateral view.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE81BFFC7FF11FF7976B59E8F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325494/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325494	FIGURE 103. Ropalidia puncta (FABRICIUS) stat. rev., head, male a. from South Africa, b. from Kenya.	FIGURE 103. Ropalidia puncta (FABRICIUS) stat. rev., head, male a. from South Africa, b. from Kenya.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE81CFFC1FF11FF7976889A22.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325304/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325304	FIGURE 13. Ropalidia retromaculata sp. nov. a. head. b. gena. c. distal metasoma.	FIGURE 13. Ropalidia retromaculata sp. nov. a. head. b. gena. c. distal metasoma.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE81DFFC1FF11FE7C74799C99.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325326/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325326	FIGURE 22. Ropalidia species, females. a–c. R. salebrosa sp. nov. aa, bb. R. excavata GIORDANI SOIKA. a, aa. lateral view. b. dorsal view. c, bb. head.	FIGURE 22. Ropalidia species, females. a–c. R. salebrosa sp. nov. aa, bb. R. excavata GIORDANI SOIKA. a, aa. lateral view. b. dorsal view. c, bb. head.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE81DFFC1FF11FE7C74799C99.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325320/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325320	FIGURE 19. Ropalidia species, females, propodeum, postero-oblique view. a. R. brazzai (DU BUYSSON). b. R. aulaeum sp. nov. aa. R. salebrosa sp. nov. bb. R. excavata GIORDANI SOIKA.	FIGURE 19. Ropalidia species, females, propodeum, postero-oblique view. a. R. brazzai (DU BUYSSON). b. R. aulaeum sp. nov. aa. R. salebrosa sp. nov. bb. R. excavata GIORDANI SOIKA.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE81EFFC3FF11FF79733D99AE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325359/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325359	FIGURE 36. Ropalidia species, females, lateral view. a. R. sandamara sp. nov. aa. R. aethiopica (DU BUYSSON). bb. R. puncta (FABRICIUS) stat. rev.. cc. R. aethiopica (DU BUYSSON), from Tanzania, formerly ssp. “bimaculata” GIORDANI SOIKA.	FIGURE 36. Ropalidia species, females, lateral view. a. R. sandamara sp. nov. aa. R. aethiopica (DU BUYSSON). bb. R. puncta (FABRICIUS) stat. rev.. cc. R. aethiopica (DU BUYSSON), from Tanzania, formerly ssp. “bimaculata” GIORDANI SOIKA.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE81EFFC3FF11FF79733D99AE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325361/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325361	FIGURE 37. Ropalidia species, females. a–c. R. irrequieta (KOHL). a. Pronotum. b. head, from Eritrea. c. head, from Yemen. aa. R. sandamara sp. nov., pronotum.	FIGURE 37. Ropalidia species, females. a–c. R. irrequieta (KOHL). a. Pronotum. b. head, from Eritrea. c. head, from Yemen. aa. R. sandamara sp. nov., pronotum.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE81EFFC3FF11FF79733D99AE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325496/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325496	FIGURE 104a. Ropalidia sandamara sp. nov., dorsal view, female.	FIGURE 104a. Ropalidia sandamara sp. nov., dorsal view, female.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE81EFFC3FF11FF79733D99AE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325355/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325355	FIGURE 34. Ropalidia species, females, head, a. R. sandamara sp. nov. aa. R. dondo sp. nov. bb. R. clepsydra sp. nov.	FIGURE 34. Ropalidia species, females, head, a. R. sandamara sp. nov. aa. R. dondo sp. nov. bb. R. clepsydra sp. nov.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE81EFFC3FF11FF79733D99AE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325430/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325430	FIGURE 73. Ropalidia species, males. a. R. irrequieta (KOHL), head. aa, bb. R. sandamara sp. nov.: aa. head; bb. distal flagellomeres.	FIGURE 73. Ropalidia species, males. a. R. irrequieta (KOHL), head. aa, bb. R. sandamara sp. nov.: aa. head; bb. distal flagellomeres.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE81FFFCDFF11F9B074E69A7E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325351/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325351	FIGURE 33. Ropalidia soikae sp. nov., female. a. infero-oblique view. b. head.	FIGURE 33. Ropalidia soikae sp. nov., female. a. infero-oblique view. b. head.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE811FFCDFF11FE8073759C4A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325498/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325498	FIGURE 105a. Ropalidia tajiri sp. nov., lateral view, female.	FIGURE 105a. Ropalidia tajiri sp. nov., lateral view, female.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE811FFCDFF11FE8073759C4A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325312/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325312	FIGURE 16. Ropalidia tajiri sp. nov., female. a. head. b. pronotum. c. metanotum and propodeum.	FIGURE 16. Ropalidia tajiri sp. nov., female. a. head. b. pronotum. c. metanotum and propodeum.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE812FFCFFF11FC9975CD9EA2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325357/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325357	FIGURE 35. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. baki sp. nov. aa, bb. R. tenebrica sp. nov. a, aa. head. b, bb. lateral view.	FIGURE 35. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. baki sp. nov. aa, bb. R. tenebrica sp. nov. a, aa. head. b, bb. lateral view.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE812FFCFFF11FC9975CD9EA2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325370/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325370	FIGURE 41. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. tenebrica sp. nov. a. forewing stigma. b. mesosoma, lateral oblique view. aa. R. nigrofemorata (CAMERON), fore wing stigma.	FIGURE 41. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. tenebrica sp. nov. a. forewing stigma. b. mesosoma, lateral oblique view. aa. R. nigrofemorata (CAMERON), fore wing stigma.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE812FFCFFF11FC9975CD9EA2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325366/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325366	FIGURE 39. Ropalidia species, females, scutellum, oblique view. a. R. aethiopica (DU BUYSSON). aa. R. tenuipilosa sp. nov. bb. R. tenebrica sp. nov.	FIGURE 39. Ropalidia species, females, scutellum, oblique view. a. R. aethiopica (DU BUYSSON). aa. R. tenuipilosa sp. nov. bb. R. tenebrica sp. nov.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE812FFCFFF11FC9975CD9EA2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325436/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325436	FIGURE 76. Ropalidia species: head, male. a. R. tenebrica sp. nov., aa. R. tenuipilosa sp. nov., bb. R. nigrofemorata (CAMERON).	FIGURE 76. Ropalidia species: head, male. a. R. tenebrica sp. nov., aa. R. tenuipilosa sp. nov., bb. R. nigrofemorata (CAMERON).	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE812FFCFFF11FC9975CD9EA2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325432/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325432	FIGURE 74. Ropalidia species, males. a. R. puncta (FABRICIUS) stat. rev., pronotal collar, oblique posterior view.b. R.aethiopica (DU BUYSSON), distal flagellomeres. c. R. aethiopica (DU BUYSSON), T1 and T2, lateral view. aa. R. nigrofemorata (CAMERON), pronotal collar, oblique posterior view. bb. R. nigrofemorata (CAMERON), distal flagellomeres. cc. R. tenebrica sp. nov., distal flagellomeres. dd. R. nigrofemorata (CAMERON), T1 and T2, lateral view.	FIGURE 74. Ropalidia species, males. a. R. puncta (FABRICIUS) stat. rev., pronotal collar, oblique posterior view.b. R.aethiopica (DU BUYSSON), distal flagellomeres. c. R. aethiopica (DU BUYSSON), T1 and T2, lateral view. aa. R. nigrofemorata (CAMERON), pronotal collar, oblique posterior view. bb. R. nigrofemorata (CAMERON), distal flagellomeres. cc. R. tenebrica sp. nov., distal flagellomeres. dd. R. nigrofemorata (CAMERON), T1 and T2, lateral view.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE813FFC8FF11F9FC74969CBE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325372/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325372	FIGURE 42. Ropalidia species, females. a–c. R. nigrofemorata (CAMERON). aa–cc. R. tenuipilosa sp. nov. a, aa. antenna, dorsally. b, bb. mesosoma. c, cc. head.	FIGURE 42. Ropalidia species, females. a–c. R. nigrofemorata (CAMERON). aa–cc. R. tenuipilosa sp. nov. a, aa. antenna, dorsally. b, bb. mesosoma. c, cc. head.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE813FFC8FF11F9FC74969CBE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325366/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325366	FIGURE 39. Ropalidia species, females, scutellum, oblique view. a. R. aethiopica (DU BUYSSON). aa. R. tenuipilosa sp. nov. bb. R. tenebrica sp. nov.	FIGURE 39. Ropalidia species, females, scutellum, oblique view. a. R. aethiopica (DU BUYSSON). aa. R. tenuipilosa sp. nov. bb. R. tenebrica sp. nov.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE813FFC8FF11F9FC74969CBE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325436/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325436	FIGURE 76. Ropalidia species: head, male. a. R. tenebrica sp. nov., aa. R. tenuipilosa sp. nov., bb. R. nigrofemorata (CAMERON).	FIGURE 76. Ropalidia species: head, male. a. R. tenebrica sp. nov., aa. R. tenuipilosa sp. nov., bb. R. nigrofemorata (CAMERON).	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE813FFC8FF11F9FC74969CBE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325406/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325406	FIGURE 61. Ropalidia species, males. a, b. R. copelandi sp. nov. aa. R. tenuipilosa sp. nov. bb. R. fita sp. nov. a, aa, bb. distal flagellomeres, dorsal view. b. tyloids, inner view.	FIGURE 61. Ropalidia species, males. a, b. R. copelandi sp. nov. aa. R. tenuipilosa sp. nov. bb. R. fita sp. nov. a, aa, bb. distal flagellomeres, dorsal view. b. tyloids, inner view.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE813FFC8FF11F9FC74969CBE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325438/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325438	FIGURE 77. Ropalidia species: tyloids of the distal flagellomeres, male.a. R. nigrofemorata (CAMERON), male, aa. R. tenuipilosa sp. nov.	FIGURE 77. Ropalidia species: tyloids of the distal flagellomeres, male.a. R. nigrofemorata (CAMERON), male, aa. R. tenuipilosa sp. nov.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE815FFCBFF11FF797636985A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325422/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325422	FIGURE 68. Ropalidia species, male. a, b. R. tomentosa (GERSTAECKER). aa. R. fita sp. nov. a, aa. head, b. distal flagellomeres.	FIGURE 68. Ropalidia species, male. a, b. R. tomentosa (GERSTAECKER). aa. R. fita sp. nov. a, aa. head, b. distal flagellomeres.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE815FFCBFF11FF797636985A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325500/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325500	FIGURE 106. Ropalidia tomentosa (GERSTAECKER). a. head, female from Kenya; b. head, female from from Nigeria; c. male.	FIGURE 106. Ropalidia tomentosa (GERSTAECKER). a. head, female from Kenya; b. head, female from from Nigeria; c. male.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE817FF34FF11FC6476939EFE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325418/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325418	FIGURE 66. Ropalidia species, males. a, b. R. unidentata GIORDANI SOIKA. aa, bb. R. nobilis (GERSTAECKER). a, aa. head. b, bb. distal flagellomeres, dorsally.	FIGURE 66. Ropalidia species, males. a, b. R. unidentata GIORDANI SOIKA. aa, bb. R. nobilis (GERSTAECKER). a, aa. head. b, bb. distal flagellomeres, dorsally.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE817FF34FF11FC6476939EFE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325324/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325324	FIGURE 20. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. brazzai (DU BUYSSON). aa, bb. R. aulaeum sp. nov. a, aa. head, frontal view, b, bb. lateral view.	FIGURE 20. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. brazzai (DU BUYSSON). aa, bb. R. aulaeum sp. nov. a, aa. head, frontal view, b, bb. lateral view.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE8E8FF36FF11FA0075389B9A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325284/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325284	FIGURE 4. Ropalidia species, females. a–c. R. luculenta sp. nov. aa. R. nigrocerasina sp. nov., bb. R. valentula sp. nov. a. head, b. dorsal view, c, aa, bb. lateral view.	FIGURE 4. Ropalidia species, females. a–c. R. luculenta sp. nov. aa. R. nigrocerasina sp. nov., bb. R. valentula sp. nov. a. head, b. dorsal view, c, aa, bb. lateral view.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE8E8FF36FF11FA0075389B9A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325302/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325302	FIGURE 12. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. nigrocerasina sp. nov., aa, bb. R. valentula sp. nov. a, aa. pronotal collar. b, bb. head.	FIGURE 12. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. nigrocerasina sp. nov., aa, bb. R. valentula sp. nov. a, aa. pronotal collar. b, bb. head.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE8E8FF36FF11FA0075389B9A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325300/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325300	FIGURE 11. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. valentula sp. nov. aa, bb. R. capensis (DE SAUSSURE). a, aa. propodeum. b, bb. mandible.	FIGURE 11. Ropalidia species, females. a, b. R. valentula sp. nov. aa, bb. R. capensis (DE SAUSSURE). a, aa. propodeum. b, bb. mandible.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE8E8FF36FF11FA0075389B9A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325392/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325392	FIGURE 53. Ropalidia valentula sp. nov., male. a. distal flagellomeres. b. first tarsal segment of fore leg. c. head.	FIGURE 53. Ropalidia valentula sp. nov., male. a. distal flagellomeres. b. first tarsal segment of fore leg. c. head.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE8E8FF36FF11FA0075389B9A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325394/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325394	FIGURE 54. Ropalidia nigrocerasina sp. nov., male. a. habitus. b. head. c. terminal flagellomere.	FIGURE 54. Ropalidia nigrocerasina sp. nov., male. a. habitus. b. head. c. terminal flagellomere.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
4F5987BAE8E8FF36FF11FA0075389B9A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/15325320/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15325320	FIGURE 19. Ropalidia species, females, propodeum, postero-oblique view. a. R. brazzai (DU BUYSSON). b. R. aulaeum sp. nov. aa. R. salebrosa sp. nov. bb. R. excavata GIORDANI SOIKA.	FIGURE 19. Ropalidia species, females, propodeum, postero-oblique view. a. R. brazzai (DU BUYSSON). b. R. aulaeum sp. nov. aa. R. salebrosa sp. nov. bb. R. excavata GIORDANI SOIKA.	2025-04-23	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.		Zenodo	biologists	Polašek, Ozren;Onah, Ikechukwu;Kehinde, Tope;Rojo, Veronica;Noort, Simon Van;Carpenter, James M.			
