identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
5A0287AAFFEFFFD6275DFDF7FD3EF829.text	5A0287AAFFEFFFD6275DFDF7FD3EF829.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Testudinella tridentata Smirnov 1931	<div><p>Testudinella tridentata Smirnov, 1931 (Fig. 1) NjäḏnjḆệ (ljạ)</p><p>Testudinella tridentata Smirnov, 1931: p. 57, fig. 2.</p><p>Testudinella dicella Myers, 1934: p. 5, figs. 11, 12.</p><p>Testudinella paratridentata Wang, 1961: p. 246, figs. 220a - c.</p><p>Testudinella tridentata africana Gillard, 1952: p. 345, figs. 6, 7.</p><p>Testudinella tridentata amazonica Thomasson, 1971: p. 53, fig. 9.</p><p>Testudinella tridentata insulana Bērziņš, 1982: p. 4, fig. 11.</p><p>Material examined. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=128.39735&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=34.888947" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 128.39735/lat 34.888947)">Female</a>, glycerol permanent slide (NIBRIV0000909858). Reservoir in Tongyeong-si, Korea (34°53 ʹ 20.2 ʺ N, 128°23 ʹ 50.5 ʺ E), 06 Oct. 2021. Collected by Hee-Min Yang .</p><p>Diagnosis. Lorica stiff and dorsoventrally flattened. Lorica 125 - 130 μm in length, and 75 - 80 μm in width. Anterior margin of dorsal lorica with one median spine and two lateral spines. Anterior margin of ventral lorica with two ridges flanking median notch. Ventral side of lorica with two longitudinal ridges. Foot opening rounded rectangular, projecting to posterior end of lorica. Lateral antennae at widest part of dorsal lorica. Dorsal antenna at upper third of dorsal lorica. Trophi malleoramate type. Manubrium crescent-shaped with three chambers. Fulcrum short and trapezoid-shaped in lateral view. Each uncus with 9 teeth. Rami halfmoon shape with scleropili. Short, symmetrical alulae at distal side of each ramus.</p><p>Distribution. Cosmopolitan (Segers, 2007).</p><p>Remarks. Testudinella tridentata represents the sixth species of this genus recorded in Korea. This species exhibits a high degree of variation in the anterior margin of the lorica (Koste, 1978). It has been recorded worldwide at both the species and subspecies levels, with variations in the shape of the anterior margin (Jersabek and Leitner, 2013). These variants include T. dicella Myers, 1934, T. paratridentata Van, 1961, T. tridentata africana Gillard, 1952, T. tridentata amazonica Thomasson, 1971, and T. tridentata insulana Bērziņš, 1982 . However, only T. tridentata is currently recognized as a valid species, with the other species considered synonyms (Segers, 2007). The anterior margin of the Korean specimen examined closely aligns with the original description of the species, particularly in the shape of the dorsal median spine, ventral ridges, outline of the lorica, and shape of the foot opening (Smirnov, 1931).</p><p>Order Ploima Hudson &amp; Gosse, 1886 șḍậ</p><p>Family Brachionidae Ehrenberg, 1838 DŔḆệ ⁂</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5A0287AAFFEFFFD6275DFDF7FD3EF829	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Min, Hee-Min Yang and Gi-Sik	Min, Hee-Min Yang and Gi-Sik (2025): Seven monogonont rotifers newly recorded in Korea (Rotifera: Monogononta). Journal of Species Research 14 (1): 106-115, DOI: 10.12651/JSR.2025.14.1.106
5A0287AAFFECFFD72733FB56FED6F82A.text	5A0287AAFFECFFD72733FB56FED6F82A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Brachionus kostei Shiel 1983	<div><p>Brachionus kostei Shiel, 1983 (Fig. 2)</p><p>ȓċ테DŔḆệ (ljạ)</p><p>Brachionus kostei Shiel, 1983: p. 33, fig. 2.</p><p>Material examined. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=127.01589&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.836277" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 127.01589/lat 35.836277)">Female</a>, glycerol permanent slide (NIBRIV0000919538, NIBRIV0000919542). Reservoir in Wanju-gun, Korea (35°50 ʹ 10.6 ʺ N, 127°00 ʹ 57.2 ʺ E), 20 Sep. 2021. Collected by Hee-Min Yang .</p><p>Diagnosis. Lorica stiff, with six anterior spines on dorsal plate. Anterolateral spines and median spines long, submedian spines short. Foot opening terminally, with two spines. Lorica 110 - 135 μm in length, including anterior spine and spines on foot opening. Lorica 80 - 96 μm in width. Pattern of dorsal plate symmetrical. A triangular plate between median plate, following a pair of rectangular plates. Pentagonal median plate and heptagonal median plates subsequently located. Ventral plate with two small median spines and median elongated U-shaped sinus. Foot opening round in ventral view. Trophi malleate type. Fulcrum very short. Rami triangular shape and symmetrical. Five teeth on each uncus.</p><p>Distribution. Australia (Shiel, 1983), China, India (Sharma, 2004), Papua New Guinea (Segers and De Meester, 1994), Thailand (Sanoamuang et al., 1995), Korea (This study).</p><p>Remarks. Since this species possesses an oval-shaped body, six anterior spines, and narrow bases of the anterior spines, it is most similar to B. urceolaris Müller, 1773 . However, it can be distinguished from B. urceolaris by its unique foot opening spines and distinctive patterns on the dorsal and ventral plates. Initially recorded in Australia, this species has subsequently been recorded in the Australasian, Indomalayan, and Palearctic regions (Shiel, 1983; Segers and De Meester, 1994; Sanoamuang et al., 1995; Sharma, 2004; Jin et al., 2013). This study represents the second report of this species in the Palearctic region, following its discovery in China, and the first to provide whole-body SEM images.</p><p>Molecular analysis. Genomic DNA was extracted from a single specimen, and a partial COI sequence was obtained (759 bp, PQ594385). A total of 3,957 COI sequences from 27 Brachionus species were obtained from GenBank. Among the Brachionus sequences in GenBank, the genetic distance between B. kostei and B. urceolaris from China (MZ438220) was found to be the closest, with a difference of 12.9%.</p><p>Family Lepadellidae Harring, 1913 ṘḂḆệ⁂ Genus Squatinella Bory de St. Vincent, 1822 ffiṻĒḆệẃ</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5A0287AAFFECFFD72733FB56FED6F82A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Min, Hee-Min Yang and Gi-Sik	Min, Hee-Min Yang and Gi-Sik (2025): Seven monogonont rotifers newly recorded in Korea (Rotifera: Monogononta). Journal of Species Research 14 (1): 106-115, DOI: 10.12651/JSR.2025.14.1.106
5A0287AAFFEDFFD0275DFEB5FD2BFE33.text	5A0287AAFFEDFFD0275DFEB5FD2BFE33.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Squatinella lamellaris (Muller 1786)	<div><p>Squatinella lamellaris (Müller, 1786) (Fig. 4A)</p><p>ġêẨffiṻĒḆệ (ljạ)</p><p>Brachionus lamellaris Müller, 1786: p. 340, pl. XLVII, figs. 8 - 11.</p><p>Stephanops muticus Ehrenberg, 1832: p. 138 .</p><p>Stephanops tridentatus Fresenius, 1858: p. 216, pl. 10, fig. 11.</p><p>Stephanops dichthaspis Anderson, 1889: p. 353, pl. 20, fig. 7.</p><p>Stephanops intermedium Burn, 1889: p. 179, fig. 119.</p><p>Stephanops emarginatus Bilfinger, 1894: p. 52, pl. 3, fig. 12.</p><p>Squatinella scutellata Hauer, 1936: p. 147, pl. 2, figs. 14a - d.</p><p>Squatinella aurita Wulfert, 1951: p. 464, fig. 12.</p><p>Squatinella donneri Wulfert, 1956: p. 485, fig. 39.</p><p>Squatinella similis Wulfert, 1960: p. 327, fig. 55.</p><p>Squatinella minor Wulfert, 1961: p. 95, fig. 33.</p><p>Material examined. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=126.4263&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.38864" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 126.4263/lat 37.38864)">Female</a>, glycerol permanent slide (NIBRIV0000909856). Temporary pond in Incheon, Korea (37°23 ʹ 19.1 ʺ N, 126°25 ʹ 34.7 ʺ E), 24 Apr. 2023. Collect- ed by Hee-Min Yang .</p><p>Diagnosis. Body oval shape, with three short spines on posterior margin of dorsal lorica. Head shield hyaline, large and semicircular. Two red eyespots and corona beneath head shield. Body 130 - 135 μm in length, head shield 45 μm in width. Foot three pseudosegments, distal two segments almost equal in length. Two toes symmetrical, slim and long, 25 μm in length, with acute point. Vitellarium with eight nuclei.</p><p>Distribution. Cosmopolitan (Segers, 2007).</p><p>Remarks. Among the 11 valid species of Squatinella, four species, S. geleii Varga, 1933, S. lamellaris, S. lunata Segers, 1993, and S. rostrum (Schmarda, 1846), lack dorsal spines. Squatinella lamellaris is morphologically similar to S. rostrum in terms of head shield shape, body shape, and foot and toe characteristics. However, S. lamellaris can be distinguished by the absence of a spine between the toes, while S. rostrum has a short spine in this part. Squatinella geleii and S. lunata are easily distinguished from S. lamellaris by their unique characteristics in the head shield and lorica. The head shield of S. lamellaris is semicircular, while that of S. lunata is crescent-shaped. Additionally, S. geleii bears two short spines on the ventral side of lorica, while S. lamellaris lacks this characteristic. Previous studies have reported variation in the shape of the posterior margin of the dorsal lorica, which includes circular, tongue-shaped, truncated, and with spines (Koste and Shiel, 1989). The Korean specimens examined exhibit three short spines on the posterior margin. Prior to this study, only one species of Squatinella, S. rostrum, had been recorded in Korea (Chung et al., 1991).</p><p>Molecular analysis. Genomic DNA was extracted from each of the two specimens, and partial COI sequences were obtained (759 bp, PQ594389, PQ594390). No intraspecific variation was found. Interspecific variation was calculated using the partial COI sequences of S. rostrum (EU499867, EU499868) and S. longispinata (PQ594391), with variation ranged from 19.7 to 20.5% (Table 2).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5A0287AAFFEDFFD0275DFEB5FD2BFE33	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Min, Hee-Min Yang and Gi-Sik	Min, Hee-Min Yang and Gi-Sik (2025): Seven monogonont rotifers newly recorded in Korea (Rotifera: Monogononta). Journal of Species Research 14 (1): 106-115, DOI: 10.12651/JSR.2025.14.1.106
5A0287AAFFEAFFD1248AFDB7FD43FA29.text	5A0287AAFFEAFFD1248AFDB7FD43FA29.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Squatinella longispinata (Tatem 1867)	<div><p>Squatinella longispinata (Tatem, 1867) (Fig. 3)</p><p>ŪḦnjffiṻĒḆệ (ljạ) Stephanops longispinata Tatem, 1867: p. 252, pl. 10,</p><p>figs. 1 - 3. Stephanops tripus Hudson, 1889: p. 36, pl. 33, fig. 24. Stephanops unisetatus Hudson &amp; Gosse, 1886: p. 76, pl.</p><p>21, fig. 8. Stephanops unisetus Collins, 1872: p. 11 .</p><p>Material examined. Female, glycerol permanent slide (NIBRIV0000919548, NIBRIV0000919549). Soil from Seogwipo-si (33°25 ʹ 13.10 ʺ N, 126°50 ʹ 42.1 ʺ E), 09 Jan. 2022. Collected by Su-Jung Ji .</p><p>Diagnosis. Body oval and hyaline, 100 μm in length. Head shield small and round. Two red eyespots on head. One very long, thin, and curved dorsal spine, 90 - 96 μm in length. Base of dorsal spine located in the middle of body. Foot with three pseudosegments. Two toes symmetrical, short, and conical, 9 μm in length. One short spine between two toes, 7 - 8 μm in length.</p><p>Distribution. Cosmopolitan (Jersabek and Leitner, 2013).</p><p>Remarks. This species represents the first record of a Squatinella species with a long dorsal spine in Korea. Among the seven Squatinella species that possess dorsal spines, S. longispinata is most similar to S. longipila Luo &amp; Segers, 2020, sharing characteristics such as a long dorsal spine with a sharp tip, two separated toes, and three foot pseudosegments (Koste 1978). However, S. longispinata can be distinguished from S. longipila by the shape of the dorsal spine base; S. longipila has a triangularly elongated base, whereas S. longispinata does not. Additionally, S. longispinata is the only Squatinella species with dorsal spines that also possesses a spine between its toes. Squatinella longispinata is also similar to S. curvispina Luo &amp; Segers, 2020 and S. leydigii (Zacharias, 1886), but these two species differ from S. longispinata by having two foot pseudosegments, fused toes, and a blunt tip on the dorsal spine.</p><p>Molecular analysis. Genomic DNA was extracted from a single specimen, and partial COI sequence was obtained (660 bp, PQ594391). The genetic distances among Squatinella species are presented in Table 2.</p><p>Family Notommatidae Hudson &amp; Gosse, 1886 ṞÑḆệ⁂</p><p>Genus Notommata Ehrenberg, 1830 ṞÑḆệẃ</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5A0287AAFFEAFFD1248AFDB7FD43FA29	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Min, Hee-Min Yang and Gi-Sik	Min, Hee-Min Yang and Gi-Sik (2025): Seven monogonont rotifers newly recorded in Korea (Rotifera: Monogononta). Journal of Species Research 14 (1): 106-115, DOI: 10.12651/JSR.2025.14.1.106
5A0287AAFFEBFFD124B4FA43FAEBFA2B.text	5A0287AAFFEBFFD124B4FA43FAEBFA2B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Notommata copeus Ehrenberg 1834	<div><p>Notommata copeus Ehrenberg, 1834 (Figs. 4B, 5)</p><p>ǖṞÑḆệ (ljạ)</p><p>Notommata copeus Ehrenberg, 1834: p. 213; Ehrenberg, 1838: p. 434, pl. LI, fig. 1.</p><p>Notommata centrura Ehrenberg, 1834: p. 211, pl. 9, fig. 1.</p><p>Copeus labiatus Hudson &amp; Gosse, 1886, p. 28, pl. XVI, fig. 1.</p><p>Material examined. Female, glycerol permanent slide (NIBRIV0000919539, NIBRIV0000919543, NIBRIV 0000919544). <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=126.409225&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.390167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 126.409225/lat 37.390167)">Artificial</a> waterway in Incheon (37°23 ʹ 24.6 ʺ N, 126°24 ʹ 33.2 ʺ E), 09 Jun. 2023. Collected by Hee-Min Yang .</p><p>Diagnosis. Body large and illoricated, 850 μm in length.</p><p>Long tubular dorsal antenna located near posterior head. Posterior of body possessing long conical tail with distinct tip. Auricles long and T-shaped. Foot with two pseudosegments. Toes symmetrical, with acute point, and 40 μm in length. Two lateral antennae located middle of body. Retrocerebral organ elongated. One red eyespot located near mastax. Trophi slightly asymmetrical. Fulcrum long and straight, with expansion on distal end. Left uncus with one large tooth and three to four small teeth. Right uncus with one large tooth and two to three small teeth. Left and right manubrium both thick and S-shaped. Left manubrium 57 μm and right manubrium 64 μm in length.</p><p>Distribution. Cosmopolitan (Segers, 2007).</p><p>Remarks. Notommata copeus is the largest species within this genus (Nogrady and Pourriot, 1995). Among the 46 valid species, N. copeus shows the most morphological similarity to N. pachyura (Gosse, 1886), sharing characteristics such as a large body size exceeding 500 μm, a well-developed and elongated retrocerebral organ, absence of a bladder, and a short spur on the distal foot pseudosegment. However, the most notable difference between the two species lies in the tail morphology. Notommata copeus has a long, conical tail, whereas N. pachyura possesses a large, broad tail. The morphological characteristics of the Korean specimens examined are consistent with those reported in previous studies (Harring and Myers, 1922; Nogrady and Pourriot, 1995). This represents the third record of a Notommata species in Korea, following N. cyrtopus Gosse, 1886 and N. glyphura Wulfert, 1935 (Song and Jin, 2000; Song, 2017).</p><p>Molecular analysis. Genomic DNA was extracted from each of the three specimens, and partial COI sequences were obtained (660 bp, PQ594386-PQ594388). No intraspecific variation was found. Interspecific variation within the genus Notommata was calculated using the partial COI sequences of N. allantois Wulfert, 1935 (MT521624) and N. codonella Harring &amp; Myers, 1924 (DQ297785), with variation ranging from 13.2 to 15.9% (Table 2).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5A0287AAFFEBFFD124B4FA43FAEBFA2B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Min, Hee-Min Yang and Gi-Sik	Min, Hee-Min Yang and Gi-Sik (2025): Seven monogonont rotifers newly recorded in Korea (Rotifera: Monogononta). Journal of Species Research 14 (1): 106-115, DOI: 10.12651/JSR.2025.14.1.106
5A0287AAFFEBFFD3275DF9E5FA26FDF3.text	5A0287AAFFEBFFD3275DF9E5FA26FDF3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Trichocerca cavia (Gosse 1886)	<div><p>Trichocerca cavia (Gosse, 1886) (Figs. 6A, 7A)</p><p>ỄǕflḆệ (ljạ)</p><p>Coelopus cavia Hudson &amp; Gosse, 1886: p. 69, pl. XX, fig. 22.</p><p>Material examined. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=126.84503&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.420307" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 126.84503/lat 33.420307)">Female</a>, glycerol permanent slide (NIBRIV0000919540, NIBRIV0000919546, NIBRIV 0000919547). Pond in Seogwipo-si (33°25 ʹ 13.1 ʺ N, 126° 50 ʹ 42.1 ʺ E), 09 Jan. 2022. Collected by Su-Jung Ji .</p><p>Diagnosis. Body short and stubby, 115 μm in length. Head part divided from body by transverse folds. Two broad and equal length of spines present on head. Foot located ventrally, and clearly distinguished from body. Two toes equal in length, 30 - 35 μm, and curved ventrally. One large cerebral eyespot located near the posterior brain. Trophi large and asymmetrical, 43μm in length. Left manubrium larger and thicker than right manubrium, with crutched expansion distally. Left manubrium 28 μm in length, and right manubrium 23 μm. Fulcrum straight in dorsal view, with small expansion distally, 32 μm in length. Rami asymmetrical, left alulae directed laterally and right alulae directed posteriorly. Left uncus with large blunt teeth, and right uncus with several small teeth.</p><p>Distribution. Cosmopolitan (Segers, 2007).</p><p>Remarks. Trichocerca cavia is most similar to T. bidens (Lucks, 1912) in its stubby body, ventrally positioned foot, and two toes of equal length. However, these two species can be distinguished by the shape of the left manubrium of the trophi. The left manubrium of T. cavia has</p><p>A B</p><p>a crutch-like distal end, whereas that of T. bidens is simply curved inward. Additionally, these two species differ in both body and trophi size, with T. cavia generally being smaller than T. bidens in all respects. According to the classifications of Koste (1978) and Shiel and Koste (1992), these species can also be differentiated by the presence of anterior spines: T. cavia lacks spines on the anterior margin of the head, whereas T. bidens possesses two broad spines of equal length. However, previous studies have indicated that the presence of anterior spines may not serve as a reliable distinguishing characteristic, as T. cavia has also been reported to possess anterior spines (Carlin, 1939; Donner, 1950; Pejler, 1962; Chengalath and Mulamoottil, 1975; De Smet, 1993). The Korean specimens examined exhibit two anterior spines, but the trophi characteristics and body size align with those of T. cavia .</p><p>Molecular analysis. Genomic DNA was extracted from each of the three specimens, and partial COI sequences were obtained (759 bp, PQ594392-PQ594394). No intraspecific variation was found. Interspecific variation was calculated using 10 Trichocerca COI sequences (582 bp), with variation ranging from 16.5 to 31.1% (Table 3).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5A0287AAFFEBFFD3275DF9E5FA26FDF3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Min, Hee-Min Yang and Gi-Sik	Min, Hee-Min Yang and Gi-Sik (2025): Seven monogonont rotifers newly recorded in Korea (Rotifera: Monogononta). Journal of Species Research 14 (1): 106-115, DOI: 10.12651/JSR.2025.14.1.106
5A0287AAFFE9FFDC275DFDFAFD3FF925.text	5A0287AAFFE9FFDC275DFDFAFD3FF925.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Trichocerca taurocephala (Hauer 1931)	<div><p>Trichocerca taurocephala (Hauer, 1931) (Figs. 6B, 7B)</p><p>ǐĦNflḆệ (ljạ)</p><p>Diurella taurocephala Hauer, 1931: p. 173, fig. 1.</p><p>Table 3. Genetic distance of Trichocerca using COI gene.</p><p>Material examined. Female, glycerol permanent slide (NIBRIV0000919541, NIBRIV0000919545). <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=126.74505&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.40667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 126.74505/lat 37.40667)">Pond</a> in Incheon (37°24 ʹ 24.00 ʺ N, 126°44 ʹ 42.2 ʺ E), 06 Jun. 2021. Collected by Hee-Min Yang .</p><p>Diagnosis. Body short and stubby, 140 μm in length. Head with two unequal length of spines, right spine larg- er than left. Foot conical and short, with two toes. Toes unequal in length, right toe less than 1/2 of left toe. Left toe 50 μm and right toe 23 μm in length. Two toes curved ventrally. One cerebral red eyespot present. Trophi asymmetrical, 34 μm in length. Fulcrum long and straight, with crutched expansion on distal end. Alula of right ramus sharp and pointed posteriorly. Alula of left ramus larger than right alula and angled 90° from trophi axis. Left manubrium much larger than right ramus, thick and curved inward, 27 μm in length. Right ramus simple rod shape, slightly curved inward, 20 μm in length.</p><p>Distribution. Austria (Jersabek, 1996), Belgium (Segers, 1998), Czech Republic (Devetter et al., 2020), Germany (Hauer, 1931), India (Sharma and Sharma, 2019), Mongolia (Jersabek, 2010), Poland (Jekatierynczuk-Rudczyk and Ejsmont-Karabin, 2023), Russia (Kutikova, 1970), Turkey (Ustaoğlu et al., 2012), Korea (This study).</p><p>Remarks. Trichocerca taurocephala is most similar to T. pygocera (Wiszniewski, 1932) in having a stubby body, two anterior spines of unequal length, and similar trophi characteristics. However, T. pygocera possesses a small spine at the posterior end of the body, whereas T. taurocephala lacks this feature. Additionally, the left manubrium alula of T. pygocera has small spines on the central side of the trophi, a feature absent in T. taurocephala . Trichocerca taurocephala also shares similarities with T. insolens (Myers, 1936), T. mucosa (Stokes, 1896) and T. pediculus Remane, 1949, all of which possess two anteri- or spines of unequal length and similar trophi characteristics. However, T. taurocephala can be distinguished from T. insolens by its elongated posterior body margin. It also differs from T. mucosa by the absence of spines on the anterior margin. Additionally, T. taurocephala is distinct from T. pediculus by the characteristics of the left manubrium alula and the presence of a small spine on the posterior body margin (Koste, 1978; Shiel and Koste, 1992).</p><p>Molecular analysis. Genomic DNA was extracted from a single specimen and the partial COI sequence was obtained (759 bp, PQ594395). The genetic distances among Trichocerca species are presented in Table 3.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5A0287AAFFE9FFDC275DFDFAFD3FF925	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Min, Hee-Min Yang and Gi-Sik	Min, Hee-Min Yang and Gi-Sik (2025): Seven monogonont rotifers newly recorded in Korea (Rotifera: Monogononta). Journal of Species Research 14 (1): 106-115, DOI: 10.12651/JSR.2025.14.1.106
