identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
667887ED8D39FF86BB1EF7E5B18CB54B.text	667887ED8D39FF86BB1EF7E5B18CB54B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Red List	<div><p>Red List status for subg. Vireya</p><p>When combined, the Red List assessments of Gibbs et al. (2011) and Argent (2015) examined 400 vireya taxa, of which</p><p>201 (50 %) were Red Listed (Table 1). The percentage Red Listed is similar to or slightly higher than recent assessments for Quercus (53 %), Acer (44 %), and Betulaceae (43 %) (Oldfield &amp; Eastwood 2007, Gibbs &amp; Chen 2009, Shaw et al. 2014). Magnoliaceae (Rivers et al. 2016) had a higher percentage of taxa Red Listed (85 %), from a group of 304 taxa. The greatest number of vireya Red List taxa occur in the Vulnerable (60 taxa) and Data Deficient (113 taxa) categories; indeed, the percentage of Data Deficient 6 ratings for vireya (56 %) is high compared with those for Acer (25 %), Quercus (30 %), or Magnoliaceae (38 %) (Oldfield &amp; Eastwood 2007, Gibbs &amp; Chen</p><p>6 Number of Data Deficient taxa / (No. of taxa in Threat categories + Number of Data Deficient taxa) × 100.</p><p>2009, Rivers et al. 2016), although Betulaceae was more poorly placed with 80 % of Red List taxa rated Data Deficient (Shaw et al. 2014). High percentages of Data Deficiency indicate a knowledge and research issue which may hinder development of conservation plans (Newton &amp; Oldfield 2008, Blackmore et al. 2011, Cires et al. 2013).</p><p>Red List analysis for geographic origins of subg. Vireya Among the geographic origins of vireya taxa, New Guinea (91 taxa) and Borneo (33) have the greatest number of Red List taxa, while New Guinea (69) and Sulawesi (13) have the greatest number of Data Deficient taxa (Fig. 1, which displays an eastwards progression of geographic origins from top to bottom). Myanmar and China have the highest percentage of taxa Red Listed (Table 2), although there are only 12 taxa from those origins. The highest percentages of Red List taxa rated Data Deficient originate from the Moluccas and New Guinea (Table 2). The Red List score shows that New Guinea, Sumatra, and Sulawesi are priority geographic origins for conservation, followed by the Philippines, China and the Moluccas (Table 3). New Guinea dominates because of the number of taxa</p><p>Origin Red List score = sum of ranking scores for four</p><p>Red List factors (Table 2). Maximum score = 44</p><p>New Guinea 35</p><p>Sumatra 33</p><p>Sulawesi 33</p><p>Philippines 29</p><p>China 28</p><p>Moluccas 24</p><p>Borneo 24</p><p>Vietnam 22</p><p>Myanmar 22</p><p>Java &amp; Bali 13</p><p>Australia 6</p><p>India 6</p><p>Malayan Peninsula 4</p><p>Lesser Sunda 0</p><p>Thailand 0</p><p>Taiwan 0</p><p>and the number of taxa rated Data Deficient, while Sumatra and Sulawesi rank highly because of Data Deficiency. Borneo, which has the second highest number of Red List taxa, is sixth in the Red List score ranking, because of the relatively low percentages of taxa Red Listed and taxa rated Data Deficient.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/667887ED8D39FF86BB1EF7E5B18CB54B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	MacKay, M.;Smith, G.;Gardiner, S. E.	MacKay, M., Smith, G., Gardiner, S. E. (2016): Analysis of geographic and taxonomic groups informs conservation of Rhododendron subgenus Vireya (Ericaceae). Blumea 61 (3): 170-180, DOI: 10.3767/000651916X693275, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651916x693275
667887ED8D38FF81B851FBA9B169B566.text	667887ED8D38FF81B851FBA9B169B566.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Red List	<div><p>Red List analysis for taxonomic sections of subg. Vireya</p><p>The greatest numbers of Red List taxa are in taxonomic sections Schistanthe: euvireya (59 taxa) and Schistanthe: malesia (34 taxa); those two sections also had the greatest numbers</p><p>Taxonomic section Red List score = sum of ranking scores for four</p><p>Red List factors (Table 4). Maximum score = 40</p><p>Schistanthe: malesia 33</p><p>Schistanthe: euvireya 33</p><p>Hadranthe (Phaeovireya) 32</p><p>Schistanthe: solenovireya 25</p><p>Siphonovireya 23</p><p>Pseudovireya 23</p><p>Albovireya 21</p><p>Discovireya 17</p><p>Malayovireya 16</p><p>Schistanthe: linnaeopsis 15</p><p>Schistanthe: saxifragoides 0</p><p>of Data Deficient taxa (Fig. 2, Table 4). Ranking of taxonomic sections by percentage of taxa Red Listed (Table 4), reveals that Pseudovireya and Schistanthe: malesia have the highest percentages, while Siphonovireya and Hadranthe (Phaeovireya) have the highest percentages of taxa rated Data Deficient. The Red List score shows that Schistanthe: malesia, Schistanthe: euvireya (equal first rank), and Hadranthe (Phaeovireya) are priority taxonomic groups for conservation (Table 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/667887ED8D38FF81B851FBA9B169B566	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	MacKay, M.;Smith, G.;Gardiner, S. E.	MacKay, M., Smith, G., Gardiner, S. E. (2016): Analysis of geographic and taxonomic groups informs conservation of Rhododendron subgenus Vireya (Ericaceae). Blumea 61 (3): 170-180, DOI: 10.3767/000651916X693275, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651916x693275
667887ED8D3EFF83BB1EFD32B0EFB5AA.text	667887ED8D3EFF83BB1EFD32B0EFB5AA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Vireya	<div><p>Subg. Vireya ‘in cultivation’</p><p>MacKay &amp; Gardiner (unpubl.) found that of the 400 Vireya taxa examined by Argent (2015) and Gibbs et al. (2011), 245 (61 %) were ‘in cultivation’ (using the same definition as in this study), including 80 of the 201 Red List taxa (40 %) (Fig. 3). When Red List taxa were considered by category, they found that 61 % of taxa in threat categories were in cultivation, but only 23 % of Data Deficient taxa. Vireya taxa were also poorly placed by the BGCI database, with an average of only 2.1 records per taxon for ‘all vireya taxa’ and 0.9 for Red List taxa (MacKay &amp; Gardiner unpubl.), well below the ‘three-or-fewer’ indicator of risk. When taxa in cultivation are considered by geographic origin (Fig. 4), New Guinea is the origin of the greatest number of taxa in cultivation (101 taxa), followed by Borneo (60). Six origins have all their taxa in cultivation (15 taxa in total), and another five origins (Java &amp; Bali, Philippines, Borneo, Moluccas, Malayan Peninsula) have more than 75 % of their taxa in cultivation. The geographic origin with the greatest number of Red List taxa in cultivation (Fig. 5) is New Guinea (24 taxa), followed by Borneo (20). Three origins (India, Australia, Vietnam, six taxa in total) have 100 % of their Red List taxa in cultivation, and the Philippines (79 %) and Java &amp; Bali (75 %) have more than 75 % of Red List taxa in cultivation; however, these areas represent only 14 % of the Red List taxa, and the origins with the greatest number of Red List taxa do not reach the 75 % Target (e.g., only 26 % of Red List taxa from New Guinea are in cultivation). Furthermore, the average number of records on the BGCI database is poor: only India (one taxon) and Australia (one taxon) have more than three records per Red List taxon (Table 6). Of the other origins, the Moluccas (0 records per taxon), Sumatra (0.3), New Guinea (0.6), and Sulawesi (0.7) have an average of less than one BGCI record per Red List taxon.</p><p>With respect to taxonomic sections, the largest sections ( Schistanthe: euvireya, Schistanthe: malesia) have the greatest number of taxa in cultivation (Fig. 6). Only Schistanthe: saxifragoides (100 %) and Malayovireya (81 %) have more than 75 % of taxa in cultivation. The greatest number of Red List taxa in cultivation (Fig. 7) are from Schistanthe: euvireya (29 taxa), followed by Schistanthe: malesia (12 taxa). No taxonomic section has more than 75 % of its Red List taxa in cultivation – the figures range from 64 % for Malayovireya to 14 % for Siphonovireya . Of the sections prioritised in the Red List analysis, Schistanthe: euvireya is in the best position (49 % of Red List taxa in cultivation), while Schistanthe: malesia (35 %) and Hadranthe (18 %) are poorly placed.All taxonomic sections are poorly placed with respect to average number of records per Red List taxon on the BGCI database (Table 7). Siphonovireya is in the worst position, with an average of 0.1 records per Red List taxon: five other sections have an average of less than 1.0, and three sections have an average of between 1.2 and 1.7.</p><p>ranked according to ‘not in cultivation’ score.</p><p>Origin ‘Not in cultivation’ score = sum of ranking scores for four ‘not in cultivation’ factors (Table 8). Maximum score = 40</p><p>New Guinea 37</p><p>Sumatra 36</p><p>Sulawesi 32</p><p>Moluccas 31</p><p>Borneo 29</p><p>Philippines 21</p><p>China 19</p><p>Myanmar 18</p><p>Java &amp; Bali 15</p><p>Malayan Peninsula 14</p><p>Vietnam 12</p><p>Australia 5</p><p>India 5</p><p>Lesser Sunda 0</p><p>Thailand 0</p><p>Taiwan 0</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/667887ED8D3EFF83BB1EFD32B0EFB5AA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	MacKay, M.;Smith, G.;Gardiner, S. E.	MacKay, M., Smith, G., Gardiner, S. E. (2016): Analysis of geographic and taxonomic groups informs conservation of Rhododendron subgenus Vireya (Ericaceae). Blumea 61 (3): 170-180, DOI: 10.3767/000651916X693275, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651916x693275
667887ED8D3CFF8DB851F98EB608B55F.text	667887ED8D3CFF8DB851F98EB608B55F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	(sect. Total)	<div><p>Ranking by Total Score</p><p>Total Score, which prioritises groups for ex situ conservation, shows that geographic origins New Guinea, Sumatra, and Sulawesi should be assigned highest priority (Table 12). These three origins are in the top three ranks for both component scores, and while New Guinea has more taxa than the other two origins, Sumatra and Sulawesi have high percentages of taxa in the factors that generate the component scores. Because these three origins are in the top ranks for both component scores, they take top priority for both in situ and ex situ conservation. In contrast, although the Philippines has a relatively high Red List score, its taxa are relatively well represented in cultivation, so it ranks sixth for Total Score and has a lower priority for ex situ conservation. Vietnam is similarly placed: good representation in cultivation reduces its ranking in Total Score compared with its Red List score. The origins with the lowest priority for ex situ conservation according to Total Score are India, Australia, and Malayan Peninsula, although only five taxa in total come from these origins.</p><p>For taxonomic sections, Total Score shows that Schistanthe: malesia and Hadranthe (Phaeovireya) are equal first ranked (and take the top two ranks in both component scores), followed by Schistanthe: euvireya (Table 13). Of the other taxonomic sections, Discovireya is as poorly represented in cultivation as Schistanthe: euvireya, but it has a much lower Red List score, and is only mid-ranked for Total Score. Siphonovireya has a lesser conservation issue than Schistanthe: solenovireya, but ranks more highly in Total Score because of poorer representation in cultivation. Using the Total Score method, the taxonomic sections with the lowest priority for ex situ conservation are Malayovireya and Schistanthe: linnaeopsis.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/667887ED8D3CFF8DB851F98EB608B55F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	MacKay, M.;Smith, G.;Gardiner, S. E.	MacKay, M., Smith, G., Gardiner, S. E. (2016): Analysis of geographic and taxonomic groups informs conservation of Rhododendron subgenus Vireya (Ericaceae). Blumea 61 (3): 170-180, DOI: 10.3767/000651916X693275, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651916x693275
667887ED8D33FF8DBB1EFBBEB5AAB769.text	667887ED8D33FF8DBB1EFBBEB5AAB769.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Vireya	<div><p>Vireya collections</p><p>Of the 245 vireya taxa in cultivation, the largest collection is held at Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh (222 taxa), followed by New Zealand (151 taxa) and Dublin Botanic Garden (81). Edinburgh also holds the largest collection of Red List taxa, with 66 of the 80 taxa that are in cultivation, while New Zealand holds 33 Red List taxa and Dublin has 12. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew holds only eight vireya taxa, including two Red List taxa, and is not a significant collection. There are 23 taxa in cultivation that are not held at Edinburgh; seven are in New Zealand and 22 are recorded at BGCI. Wild-source material is present for 218 of the 245 taxa in cultivation (89 %), including 67 of the 80 Red List taxa (84 %). Further analysis is needed to examine the taxonomic, geographic, and wild-source characteristics of these collections.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/667887ED8D33FF8DBB1EFBBEB5AAB769	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	MacKay, M.;Smith, G.;Gardiner, S. E.	MacKay, M., Smith, G., Gardiner, S. E. (2016): Analysis of geographic and taxonomic groups informs conservation of Rhododendron subgenus Vireya (Ericaceae). Blumea 61 (3): 170-180, DOI: 10.3767/000651916X693275, URL: https://doi.org/10.3767/000651916x693275
