taxonID	type	format	identifier	references	title	description	created	creator	contributor	publisher	audience	source	license	rightsHolder	datasetID
836387C5FFCC95738161FA22FACAFA1E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7323794/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7323794	Figure 2. Selected features of the external morphology of Rhagomys: A, tail basally furred (f) of R. septentrionalis (MEPN 10898, holotype; dry skin in dorsal view); B, C, halluctal nails of R. rufescens (B; MZUFV-CM 3706) and R. septentrionalis (C; MECN 6172); D, frontal view of manal digit calluses of R. septentrionalis (MECN 6172); E, F, ventral view of right fore (E) and hind foot (F) of R. septentrionalis (MECN 6172). Abbreviations: dg, transverse digit grooves; h, hallux; p, pollex.	Figure 2. Selected features of the external morphology of Rhagomys: A, tail basally furred (f) of R. septentrionalis (MEPN 10898, holotype; dry skin in dorsal view); B, C, halluctal nails of R. rufescens (B; MZUFV-CM 3706) and R. septentrionalis (C; MECN 6172); D, frontal view of manal digit calluses of R. septentrionalis (MECN 6172); E, F, ventral view of right fore (E) and hind foot (F) of R. septentrionalis (MECN 6172). Abbreviations: dg, transverse digit grooves; h, hallux; p, pollex.	2022-04-29	Pardiñas, Ulyses F. J.;Tinoco, Nicolás;Barbière, Franck;Ronez, Christophe;Cañón, Carola;Lessa, Gisele;Koch, Claudia;Brito, Jorge		Zenodo	biologists	Pardiñas, Ulyses F. J.;Tinoco, Nicolás;Barbière, Franck;Ronez, Christophe;Cañón, Carola;Lessa, Gisele;Koch, Claudia;Brito, Jorge			
836387C5FFCC95738161FA22FACAFA1E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7323796/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7323796	Figure 3. Selected anatomical traits and regions in the cranium of Rhagomys: A, lateral left view of the cranium of R. septentrionalis (MEPN 10898): note the position of the mastoid (mc) well above the basal plane (indicated by the yellow horizontal line); B, lateral view of the left otic region of R. rufescens (MZUFV-CM 3706); C, ventral view of basicranial region of R. septentrionalis (MECN 6172); D, dorsal view (roofing bones of braincase removed) of basicranial region of R. septentrionalis (MEPN 10898); E, cross-section of the cranium of R. septentrionalis (MEPN 10898) at the frontal sinuses plane. Abbreviations: bs, basisphenoid; bo, basioccipital; f, fontanelle; fo, foramen ovale; m, foramen magnum; etI, ethmoturbinal I; etII, ethmoturbinal II; etIII, ethmoturbinal III; ft1, frontoturbinal 1; ft2, frontoturbinal 2; it, interturbinal; ls, lamina semicircularis; ps, presphenoid. Except for B the pictures are three-dimensional reconstructions based on micro-CT data.	Figure 3. Selected anatomical traits and regions in the cranium of Rhagomys: A, lateral left view of the cranium of R. septentrionalis (MEPN 10898): note the position of the mastoid (mc) well above the basal plane (indicated by the yellow horizontal line); B, lateral view of the left otic region of R. rufescens (MZUFV-CM 3706); C, ventral view of basicranial region of R. septentrionalis (MECN 6172); D, dorsal view (roofing bones of braincase removed) of basicranial region of R. septentrionalis (MEPN 10898); E, cross-section of the cranium of R. septentrionalis (MEPN 10898) at the frontal sinuses plane. Abbreviations: bs, basisphenoid; bo, basioccipital; f, fontanelle; fo, foramen ovale; m, foramen magnum; etI, ethmoturbinal I; etII, ethmoturbinal II; etIII, ethmoturbinal III; ft1, frontoturbinal 1; ft2, frontoturbinal 2; it, interturbinal; ls, lamina semicircularis; ps, presphenoid. Except for B the pictures are three-dimensional reconstructions based on micro-CT data.	2022-04-29	Pardiñas, Ulyses F. J.;Tinoco, Nicolás;Barbière, Franck;Ronez, Christophe;Cañón, Carola;Lessa, Gisele;Koch, Claudia;Brito, Jorge		Zenodo	biologists	Pardiñas, Ulyses F. J.;Tinoco, Nicolás;Barbière, Franck;Ronez, Christophe;Cañón, Carola;Lessa, Gisele;Koch, Claudia;Brito, Jorge			
836387C5FFCC95738161FA22FACAFA1E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7323800/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7323800	Figure 4. Mandible morphology of Rhagomys: A, external view of the left hemimandible of R. longilingua (FMNH 170687): note the chin process (c) and the straight inner border (b); B, external view of the left hemimandible of R. septentrionalis (MECN 6172); C, medial view of the left hemimandible of R. septentrionalis (MECN 6172); D, dorsolateral view of the retromolar fossa in the left hemimandible of R. septentrionalis (MECN 6172); E, lingual dorsolateral view of the retromolar fossa in the left hemimandible of R. rufescens (MZUFV-CM 3706): note the elevated bony ridge (mi) forming the caudad close of the fossa. Except for A and E the pictures are three-dimensional reconstructions based on micro-CT data.	Figure 4. Mandible morphology of Rhagomys: A, external view of the left hemimandible of R. longilingua (FMNH 170687): note the chin process (c) and the straight inner border (b); B, external view of the left hemimandible of R. septentrionalis (MECN 6172); C, medial view of the left hemimandible of R. septentrionalis (MECN 6172); D, dorsolateral view of the retromolar fossa in the left hemimandible of R. septentrionalis (MECN 6172); E, lingual dorsolateral view of the retromolar fossa in the left hemimandible of R. rufescens (MZUFV-CM 3706): note the elevated bony ridge (mi) forming the caudad close of the fossa. Except for A and E the pictures are three-dimensional reconstructions based on micro-CT data.	2022-04-29	Pardiñas, Ulyses F. J.;Tinoco, Nicolás;Barbière, Franck;Ronez, Christophe;Cañón, Carola;Lessa, Gisele;Koch, Claudia;Brito, Jorge		Zenodo	biologists	Pardiñas, Ulyses F. J.;Tinoco, Nicolás;Barbière, Franck;Ronez, Christophe;Cañón, Carola;Lessa, Gisele;Koch, Claudia;Brito, Jorge			
836387C5FFCC95738161FA22FACAFA1E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7323802/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7323802	Figure 5. Incisor external appearance and morphology of Rhagomys: A, labial view of the left lower incisor of R. septentrionalis (MECN 6172): note the thick band of enamel (e) compared to dentine (d); B, ventral view of the left lower incisor of R. septentrionalis (MECN 6172): note the tenues groove (g); C, frontal view of both upper incisors of R. rufescens (MZUFV-CM 3706): note the inverted v shape of the cutting edge (broken line) and the flattened anterior faces medially inclined (arrows); D–F, ventral view of the left lower incisor of R. rufescens (MZUFV-CM 3706): note the textured surface. A and B are three-dimensional reconstructions based on micro-CT data.	Figure 5. Incisor external appearance and morphology of Rhagomys: A, labial view of the left lower incisor of R. septentrionalis (MECN 6172): note the thick band of enamel (e) compared to dentine (d); B, ventral view of the left lower incisor of R. septentrionalis (MECN 6172): note the tenues groove (g); C, frontal view of both upper incisors of R. rufescens (MZUFV-CM 3706): note the inverted v shape of the cutting edge (broken line) and the flattened anterior faces medially inclined (arrows); D–F, ventral view of the left lower incisor of R. rufescens (MZUFV-CM 3706): note the textured surface. A and B are three-dimensional reconstructions based on micro-CT data.	2022-04-29	Pardiñas, Ulyses F. J.;Tinoco, Nicolás;Barbière, Franck;Ronez, Christophe;Cañón, Carola;Lessa, Gisele;Koch, Claudia;Brito, Jorge		Zenodo	biologists	Pardiñas, Ulyses F. J.;Tinoco, Nicolás;Barbière, Franck;Ronez, Christophe;Cañón, Carola;Lessa, Gisele;Koch, Claudia;Brito, Jorge			
836387C5FFCC95738161FA22FACAFA1E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7323804/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7323804	Figure 6. Unique tubercular hypsodonty in Rhagomys exemplified by R. septentrionalis (MECN 6172): right upper (A, C) and lower (B, D) molar series viewed from behind (A, B) and the labial side (C, D). The pictures are three-dimensional reconstructions based on micro-CT data.	Figure 6. Unique tubercular hypsodonty in Rhagomys exemplified by R. septentrionalis (MECN 6172): right upper (A, C) and lower (B, D) molar series viewed from behind (A, B) and the labial side (C, D). The pictures are three-dimensional reconstructions based on micro-CT data.	2022-04-29	Pardiñas, Ulyses F. J.;Tinoco, Nicolás;Barbière, Franck;Ronez, Christophe;Cañón, Carola;Lessa, Gisele;Koch, Claudia;Brito, Jorge		Zenodo	biologists	Pardiñas, Ulyses F. J.;Tinoco, Nicolás;Barbière, Franck;Ronez, Christophe;Cañón, Carola;Lessa, Gisele;Koch, Claudia;Brito, Jorge			
836387C5FFCC95738161FA22FACAFA1E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7323806/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7323806	Figure 7. ICAMER system applied on the right first upper (upper row) and lower (lower row) molar of Rhagomys rufescens (MZUFV-CM 3706). Schematic cuspal units employed differential colours to highlight component structures (arms and projections). Abbreviations: upper molar: alb, anterolabial conule; alg, anterolingual conule; am, anterior mure; anf, anteromedian flexus; ant, anteroloph; hyf, hypoflexus; hyp, hypocone; mef, metaflexus; met, metacone; mm, median mure; msf, mesoflexus; msp, mesoloph; paf, paraflexus; pal, paraloph; par, paracone; pof, posteroflexus; pol, posteroloph; prf, protoflexus; pro, protocone. Lower molar: amd, anterior murid; cg, anterolabial cingulum; enfd, entoflexid; ent, entoconid; entl, entolophid; hyfd, hypoflexid; lgd, anterolingual conulid; med, metaconid; mefd, metaflexid; metl, metalophid; mmd, median murid; msd, mesolophid; msfd, mesoflexid; pod, posterolophid; pofd, posteroflexid; prd, protoconid.	Figure 7. ICAMER system applied on the right first upper (upper row) and lower (lower row) molar of Rhagomys rufescens (MZUFV-CM 3706). Schematic cuspal units employed differential colours to highlight component structures (arms and projections). Abbreviations: upper molar: alb, anterolabial conule; alg, anterolingual conule; am, anterior mure; anf, anteromedian flexus; ant, anteroloph; hyf, hypoflexus; hyp, hypocone; mef, metaflexus; met, metacone; mm, median mure; msf, mesoflexus; msp, mesoloph; paf, paraflexus; pal, paraloph; par, paracone; pof, posteroflexus; pol, posteroloph; prf, protoflexus; pro, protocone. Lower molar: amd, anterior murid; cg, anterolabial cingulum; enfd, entoflexid; ent, entoconid; entl, entolophid; hyfd, hypoflexid; lgd, anterolingual conulid; med, metaconid; mefd, metaflexid; metl, metalophid; mmd, median murid; msd, mesolophid; msfd, mesoflexid; pod, posterolophid; pofd, posteroflexid; prd, protoconid.	2022-04-29	Pardiñas, Ulyses F. J.;Tinoco, Nicolás;Barbière, Franck;Ronez, Christophe;Cañón, Carola;Lessa, Gisele;Koch, Claudia;Brito, Jorge		Zenodo	biologists	Pardiñas, Ulyses F. J.;Tinoco, Nicolás;Barbière, Franck;Ronez, Christophe;Cañón, Carola;Lessa, Gisele;Koch, Claudia;Brito, Jorge			
836387C5FFCC95738161FA22FACAFA1E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7323810/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7323810	Figure 8. Topological comparison of the left first molar of A, Rhagomys (R. rufescens; MZUFV-CM 3706); B, Thomasomys (T.aureus; CNP 6471); C, Wilfredomys (W.oenax; CNP 2378) and the left second molar of D, Delomys (D.sublineatus; UFSC711).	Figure 8. Topological comparison of the left first molar of A, Rhagomys (R. rufescens; MZUFV-CM 3706); B, Thomasomys (T.aureus; CNP 6471); C, Wilfredomys (W.oenax; CNP 2378) and the left second molar of D, Delomys (D.sublineatus; UFSC711).	2022-04-29	Pardiñas, Ulyses F. J.;Tinoco, Nicolás;Barbière, Franck;Ronez, Christophe;Cañón, Carola;Lessa, Gisele;Koch, Claudia;Brito, Jorge		Zenodo	biologists	Pardiñas, Ulyses F. J.;Tinoco, Nicolás;Barbière, Franck;Ronez, Christophe;Cañón, Carola;Lessa, Gisele;Koch, Claudia;Brito, Jorge			
836387C5FFCC95738161FA22FACAFA1E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7323812/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7323812	Figure 9. Selected soft anatomical traits of Rhagomys: A, dorsal view of the tongue in R. septentrionalis (MEPN 12715); B, caecal portion of the intestine in R. rufescens (MZUFV-CM 3706); C, soft palate in R. septentrionalis (MECN 6172); D, external (left) and internal (right) view of the stomach in R. rufescens (MZUFV-CM 3706); E, frontal view of the rhinarium in R. rufescens (right panel; MZUSP 33890) and R. septentrionalis (left panel; MECN 6172). Abbreviations: a, alanasi; ce, caecum; co, colon; cv, circumvallate papilla; d, diastemal ridge; es, esophagus; i, interdental ridge; il, ileum; n, nasal pad; p, basal fold; ph, philtrum; py, pylorous.	Figure 9. Selected soft anatomical traits of Rhagomys: A, dorsal view of the tongue in R. septentrionalis (MEPN 12715); B, caecal portion of the intestine in R. rufescens (MZUFV-CM 3706); C, soft palate in R. septentrionalis (MECN 6172); D, external (left) and internal (right) view of the stomach in R. rufescens (MZUFV-CM 3706); E, frontal view of the rhinarium in R. rufescens (right panel; MZUSP 33890) and R. septentrionalis (left panel; MECN 6172). Abbreviations: a, alanasi; ce, caecum; co, colon; cv, circumvallate papilla; d, diastemal ridge; es, esophagus; i, interdental ridge; il, ileum; n, nasal pad; p, basal fold; ph, philtrum; py, pylorous.	2022-04-29	Pardiñas, Ulyses F. J.;Tinoco, Nicolás;Barbière, Franck;Ronez, Christophe;Cañón, Carola;Lessa, Gisele;Koch, Claudia;Brito, Jorge		Zenodo	biologists	Pardiñas, Ulyses F. J.;Tinoco, Nicolás;Barbière, Franck;Ronez, Christophe;Cañón, Carola;Lessa, Gisele;Koch, Claudia;Brito, Jorge			
836387C5FFCC95738161FA22FACAFA1E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7323816/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7323816	Figure 11. Selected cranial details in Rhagomys rufescens (all based on MZUFV-CM 3706): A, laterodorsal view of the left temporal region showing the alisphenoid strut (as); B, lateral view of the anterior part of the cranium to show the broad zygomatic plate (note also the staggered incisor profile highlighted by an arrow); C, left zygomatic plate ventrally viewed to put in evidence the thick posterior border (pb) transversally oriented and the point (marked with an arrow) where the shaft twist; D, lateroventral view of the occipital region showing a large foramen magnum (fm), the left mastoid capsule (mc) and the ventral appearance of a prominent petrosal (pe).	Figure 11. Selected cranial details in Rhagomys rufescens (all based on MZUFV-CM 3706): A, laterodorsal view of the left temporal region showing the alisphenoid strut (as); B, lateral view of the anterior part of the cranium to show the broad zygomatic plate (note also the staggered incisor profile highlighted by an arrow); C, left zygomatic plate ventrally viewed to put in evidence the thick posterior border (pb) transversally oriented and the point (marked with an arrow) where the shaft twist; D, lateroventral view of the occipital region showing a large foramen magnum (fm), the left mastoid capsule (mc) and the ventral appearance of a prominent petrosal (pe).	2022-04-29	Pardiñas, Ulyses F. J.;Tinoco, Nicolás;Barbière, Franck;Ronez, Christophe;Cañón, Carola;Lessa, Gisele;Koch, Claudia;Brito, Jorge		Zenodo	biologists	Pardiñas, Ulyses F. J.;Tinoco, Nicolás;Barbière, Franck;Ronez, Christophe;Cañón, Carola;Lessa, Gisele;Koch, Claudia;Brito, Jorge			
836387C5FFCC95738161FA22FACAFA1E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7323814/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7323814	Figure 10. Rhagomyini: current schematic geographic range in South America.	Figure 10. Rhagomyini: current schematic geographic range in South America.	2022-04-29	Pardiñas, Ulyses F. J.;Tinoco, Nicolás;Barbière, Franck;Ronez, Christophe;Cañón, Carola;Lessa, Gisele;Koch, Claudia;Brito, Jorge		Zenodo	biologists	Pardiñas, Ulyses F. J.;Tinoco, Nicolás;Barbière, Franck;Ronez, Christophe;Cañón, Carola;Lessa, Gisele;Koch, Claudia;Brito, Jorge			
836387C5FFC8956F837BF9B3FACCFCC2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/7323818/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7323818	Figure 12. Contrasting selected external features between two morphotypes evolved to face arboreal mode of life in sigmodontine rodents.	Figure 12. Contrasting selected external features between two morphotypes evolved to face arboreal mode of life in sigmodontine rodents.	2022-04-29	Pardiñas, Ulyses F. J.;Tinoco, Nicolás;Barbière, Franck;Ronez, Christophe;Cañón, Carola;Lessa, Gisele;Koch, Claudia;Brito, Jorge		Zenodo	biologists	Pardiñas, Ulyses F. J.;Tinoco, Nicolás;Barbière, Franck;Ronez, Christophe;Cañón, Carola;Lessa, Gisele;Koch, Claudia;Brito, Jorge			
