taxonID	type	description	language	source
825987E4580CFFA75FA99688779FF8A1.taxon	description	Biometry. Body length of 5 th instar larva 13 – 17 mm, head width 1.32 – 1.44 mm (n = 4). Head. Head capsule oval, hypognathous, granulate. Head uniformly dark brown, lighter in the posterior area of the coronal suture and at the constriction of the frontoclypeus (Figs 3, 4). Numerous dark brown, conspicuous muscle attachment spots arranged transversely in lateral view; in dorsal view, spots arranged in transversal line on both sides of head reaching parietalia (Figs 3, 4). Rings surrounding muscle attachment spots darker than ground colour; central parts of rings lighter and same colour as ground colour. Pale ring present around each eye (Figs 4, 5). Frontoclypeus bell-shaped, with deep constriction at midlength; numerous (approx. 12) light and visible attachment muscle spots forming triangular pattern in posterior third of frontoclypeus (Fig. 3). Antennal bases cylindrical, nearly round, situated halfway between eye and anterior head margin. Antennae short, each consisting of one short cylindrical base and one short flagellum (Fig. 5, white arrow). Labrum same color as head background; cardines light brown (Fig. 6, white arrow). Ventral apotome amphora-shaped, light – yellowish brown, with wedge-shaped reddish brown anterior border (Fig. 6 va). Mandibles black, each with four teeth along its terminal edge (Fig. 5, red arrow) and with ridges in central concavity. Thorax. Pronotum dark brown, its surface finely granulated, with dark, oval muscle attachment spots; dark, shallow, transverse groove at anterior 1 / 3 (Fig. 7, black arrow); and posterior border bent dorsad, thereby creating black, transverse, semicircular groove (Fig. 7, red arrow); total of 44 – 56 dark setae of varying lengths distributed across both pronotal halves. Prosternal horn present, short (Fig. 8 ph); light brown central prosternite conspicuous, broadly trapezoidal (Fig. 8 cp); lateral prosternites conspicuous, separated from central prosternite, and with dark brown marks (Fig. 8 lp). Mesonotum dark brown, but lighter than pronotum, completely covered by pair of sclerites meeting in straight mid-dorsal ecdysial line (Fig. 9); darker brown muscle attachment spots visible, especially at midline and anterolateral margins (Fig. 9); posterolateral and posteromedian margins strongly sclerotized and black (Fig. 9); pairs of mesonotal setal groups and corresponding sclerites are as follows (nomenclature sensu Wiggins 1996): anterior submesal sclerites and seta (sa 1) 5 – 7, posterior group (sa 2) 7 – 10, lateral setal group (sa 3) 15 – 17. Metanotum yellowish, mostly membranous with 3 pairs of brown sclerites (Fig. 9); anterior median sclerites (sa 1 sclerites) brown and ovoid with 4 – 6 setae per sclerite (Fig. 9 sa 1). Posterior median sclerites (sa 2 sclerites) brown, rectangular or trapezoidal, with 5 – 7 setae per sclerite (Fig. 9 sa 2). Lateral sclerites (sa 3 sclerites) light yellowish brown, crescent-shaped, each with 13 – 15 setae concentrated at anterior third of sclerite (Fig. 9 sa 3). Legs. Yellowish, with numerous setae on coxae, trochanters and femora; tibiae and tarsi with small number of setae (Figs. 14 – 16). Femora of all legs each with row of short spines along ventral edge; femora of mid- and hindlegs each with one proximodorsal seta and 4 – 5 subapicodorsal setae, 2 dark primary ventral setae (vs) at mid-length (Figs 14 – 16); additional face setae lacking on anterior and posterior faces of mid- and hind femora (Figs 15 a, 15 b, 16 a, 16 b). Femora of forelegs shorter and thicker than those of mid- and hind legs (Figs 14 – 16). Tibiae and tarsi of forelegs shorter than those of mid- and hind legs (Figs 14 – 16). Tibiae of all legs each with 2 pale, subapicoventral spurs, tarsi each with 2 long subapical setae (one dorsal, one ventral); tarsal claws long, slender, curved, each with stout basal spine (Figs 14 – 16). Abdomen. Abdominal segment I unsclerotized, white, with 1 dorsal and 2 lateral fleshy spacing humps. Dorsal sa 1, sa 2, and sa 3 (sensu Wiggins 1996) with 5 – 9 setae each. Lateral spacing humps lacking posterior sclerites and each with single ventral seta (Fig. 10 lp). Setae lacking posterior to dorsal spacing hump. Abdominal sternum I with 5 – 7 setae in each sa 1, 9 – 12 setae in each sa 2, and 5 – 6 setae in each sa 3, situated ventral of lateral spacing humps (Fig. 10). Gills present on abdominal segments II – VII; anterior gills each consisting of three filaments, decreasing to one or two filaments on posterior segments; dorsal and lateral gills present at most on abdominal segments II to V; ventral gills on segments II to VII. Lateral fringe extending from anterior border of abdominal segment III (Fig. 10 lf) to end of abdominal segment VIII. Number of posterodorsal setae on abdominal tergite VIII 10 – 12, with three pairs long and others short (Fig. 11 pds). Chloride epithelium, if present, not visible in our alcohol-preserved specimens. Abdominal segment IX with 1 pair of posterolateral setae (Fig. 11 pls) and two pairs of ventral setae (Fig. 12, dotted circle); tergite IX semicircular, yellowish brown, with darker muscle attachment spots mostly near anterior edge (Fig. 11), its posterior border with two pairs of long, prominent setae and three pairs of shorter setae, and one unpaired shorter seta positioned on midline (Fig. 11, red arrow). Anal prolegs of limnephilid type, yellowish brown, with several dark brown muscle attachment spots (Figs 11, 12); lateral sclerites (ls) each with seven or eight dark dorsal setae and row of five dark ventral setae, four of latter very strong and prominent (Figs 11, 12); basal sclerites yellow; anal claws dark brown, each with 1 small dorsal accessory hook (Fig. 12 ac). Case. Larval case 18 – 21 mm long (n = 3), nearly straight, slightly tapering posteriorly, consisting of small rock fragments and gastropod shells, with or without living gastropods (Fig. 13).	en	Karaouzas, Ioannis, Dambri, Besma (2022): Larval description of Limnephilus barbagaensis Malicky, Sekhi & Lounaci 2019 (Trichoptera: Limnephilidae), a micro-endemic of Algeria, with notes on its ecology. Zootaxa 5162 (2): 163-172, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5162.2.5
