taxonID	type	description	language	source
9060EF0BFFE3FF81F48EB3EA1F21F884.taxon	materials_examined	Type species: Galathea humilis Nobili, 1905, by monotypy. Diagnosis: Carapacedorsallyunarmedwithtransverse striae, laterally with row of spines. Transverse ridges with numerous short fine setae and some thick plumose setae. Cardiac region poorly defined. Rostrum flattish triangular, broad at base, with three or four small lateral teeth. Abdominal somites unarmed. Telson subdivision incomplete. Sternite 3 anteriorly produced. Eyestalks short; cornea somewhat dilated and well pigmented. Antennular article 1 globular, with three distal spines, distodorsal, distolateral and distomesial. Article 1 of antennal peduncle with well-developed distomesial spine; articles 2 – 3 unarmed. Mxp 3 ischium triangular in cross-section; merus shorter than ischium, armed with spines on flexor margin. P 1 relatively short and spinose, with some finely setiferous scales, with scattered long, thick, non-plumose setae. P 2 – 4 moderately short, with row of spines on extensor crests of meri and carpi; flexor margin of dactylus with row of distinct diminishing teeth, each bearing stiff corneous seta, ultimate tooth usually prominent, epipods absent on pereiopods. G 1 absent; G 2 present.	en	Rodríguez-Flores, Paula C., Macpherson, Enrique, Buckley, David, Machordom, Annie (2018): Original Article High morphological similarity coupled with high genetic differentiation in new sympatric species of coral-reef squat lobsters (Crustacea: Decapoda: Galatheidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 185: 984-1017
9060EF0BFFE0FF86F4FDB627191CFCFB.taxon	description	(FIGS 4, 5 A, B)	en	Rodríguez-Flores, Paula C., Macpherson, Enrique, Buckley, David, Machordom, Annie (2018): Original Article High morphological similarity coupled with high genetic differentiation in new sympatric species of coral-reef squat lobsters (Crustacea: Decapoda: Galatheidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 185: 984-1017
9060EF0BFFE0FF86F4FDB627191CFCFB.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined Syntypes: Red Sea. Djibouti, H. Coutiere, collected, 1897: three M, 1.9 – 2.0 mm, two ov. F, 2.1 – 2.3 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17324). Red Sea. Saudi Arabia. Farasan Banks, Dolphen Lagoon, 19.0053 ° N, 40.1482 ° E, 1 – 7 m, 4 March 2013: one ov. F, 2.0 mm (UF 36151). – Farasan Banks, Marca Is., 18.2206 ° N, 41 ° 3244 ° E, 5 – 15 m, 6 March 2013: one ov. F, 2.1 mm (UF 36158). – Farasan Is., Zahrat Durakah, 16.8359 ° N, 42.3063 ° E, 2 – 6 m, 11 March 2013: one M, 1.6 mm (UF 37026). – Al Lith, 20.1672 ° N, 40.2233 ° E, 1 – 2 m, 21 March 2013: one ov. F, 2.1 mm (UF 37156). – off Thuwai, Abu Shosha Reef, 22.2044 ° N, 39.047 ° E, 7 – 8 m, 23 March 2013: three M, 1.4 – 1.6 mm (UF 37403). – Jaz’air, 27.6384 ° N, 35.3062 ° E, 10 m, 27 September 2013: one ov. F, 2.7 mm, one F, 1.3 mm (UF 36439). – Gulf of Aqaba, 28.4039 ° N, 34.7407 ° E, 7 – 8 m, 29 September 2013: one M, 1.4 mm (UF 38080). – 28.1846 ° N, 34.6381 ° E, 3 – 10 m, 1 October 2013: one M, 1.2 mm (UF 38193). – Shi’b Al Khamsa, 38.6163 ° N, 22.7489 ° E, 8 m, 6 March 2014: one M, 1.7 mm (UF 40269). – Wajh Barrier, 25.407 ° N, 36.690 ° E, 5 – 7 m, 30 January 2016: one ov. F, 1.9 mm (UF 42374). – Wajh Barrier, 25.407 ° N, 36.690 ° E, 5 – 7 m, 30 January 2016: one ov. F, 2.3 mm (UF 42390). Madagascar. Tulear, coll. Thomassin. Stn 489: one ov. F, 2.5 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17320). – Stn 498, one M, 2.2 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17322). – Stn 617, one M, 1.8 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17309). – Stn 678, one juv., 1.0 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17310). – Stn 761, two M, 1.7 – 1.8 mm, one F, 1.6 mm, one juv., 1.0 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17312). – Stn 762, one juv., 1.0 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17316). – Stn 775, one M, 1.8 mm, one F, 1.6 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17313). – Stn 844 B, two M, 1.5 – 1.9 mm, five F, 1.5 – 2.4 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17319). – Stn 896, nine M, 1.2 – 2.2 mm, five ov. F, 2.2 – 2.6 mm, two F, 1.9 – 2.1 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17311). – Stn 902 A, two M, 1.8 – 1.9 mm, one ov. F, 1.9 mm, one F, 1.7 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17318). – Stn 1635, one ov. F, 2.0 mm, one juv., 1.0 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17315). Other material: Red Sea. Djibouti. Moucha Is., Maskali Bank, 11.6992 ° N, 43.1432 ° E, 7 – 17 m, 27 September 2012: two M, 1.3 – 2.0 mm, one ov. F, 1.6 mm (UF 33346). Red Sea. Jubal, Gulf of Suez, Routh reef, Col. Dolfus, 29 December, 1928: oneF, 1.1 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17321). Red Sea. Sudan. Stn SAN 46, Al Bahr al Ahmar. Sanganeb, 9 m, 25 March 1991: one ov. F, 2.6 mm (SMF). – Stn SAN 12, Al Bahr al Ahmar. Sanganeb, S-Jetty, E-Side, 2 m, 4 April 1991: six M, 1.6 – 2.0 mm, three ov. F, 1.6 – 2.4 mm, four F, 1.6 – 1.8 mm (SMF). – Stn SAN 3, Al Bahr al Ahmar. Sanganeb, N-Jetty, E-side, 1 m, 5 April 1991: seven M, 1.7 – 2.4 mm, four ov. F, 1.8 – 2.3 mm, five F, 1.6 – 1.8 mm (SMF). – Stn SAN 2, Al Bahr al Ahmar, Sanganeb, S-Jetty, W-side, 1 m, in Stylophora, 6 April 1991: four M, 1.5 – 2.0 mm, three ov. F, 1.8 – 2.0 mm, two F, 1.5 – 1.6 mm (SMF). – Stn SAN 8, Al Bahr al Ahmar. Sanganeb, S-Jetty, W-side, 1 m, 6 April 1991: four M, 1.5 – 2.0 mm, seven ov. F, 1.6 – 2.3 mm, two F, 2.0 – 2.1 mm (SMF). – Stn SAN 13, Al Bahr al Ahmar. Sanganeb, N-Jetty, reefplateau, 1 m, 8 April 1991: three M, 1.7 – 2.0 mm, four ov. F, 2.1 – 2.5 mm, one F, 1.6 mm (SMF). – Stn SAN 25, Al Bahr al Ahmar. Sanganeb, 11 m, 8 April 1991: one M, 2.2 mm (SMF). – Stn SAN 28, Al Bahr al Ahmar, 9 April 1991: one ov. F, 2.1 mm (SMF). – Stn SAN 45, Al Bahr al Ahmar, 15 April 1991: three M, 2.2 – 2.5 mm, one ov. F, 2.5 mm, one F, 2.6 mm (SMF). – Stn SAN 167, Al Bahr al Ahmar. Port Sudan, Wingate Reef, 7 m, in living Pocillopora sp., 19 September 1992: one ov. F, 2.8 mm (SMF). – Stn SAN 115, Al Bahr al Ahmar. Sanganeb, 1 m, 26 September 1992: five M, 2.1 – 2.5 mm, two ov. F, 2.4 – 2.5 mm, two F, 2.1 – 2.2 mm (SMF). – Stn SAN 117, Al Bahr al Ahmar. Sanganeb, S-Jetty, 14 m, 27 September 1992: two F, 2.0 – 2.1 mm (SMF). – Stn SAN 127, Al Bahr al Ahmar, 29 September 1992: one M, 2.0 mm, one ov. F, 2.1 mm (SMF). – Stn SAN 125, Al Bahr al Ahmar. Sanganeb, 14 m, 30 September 1992: one ov. F, 2.1 mm (SMF). – Stn SAN 129, Al Bahr al Ahmar. Sanganeb, N-Jetty, 1 m, 1 October 1992: one M, 2.2 mm (SMF). – Stn SAN 148, Al Bahr al Ahmar. Sanganeb, 22 m, 3 October 1992: one M, 2.0 mm, one ov. F, 1.8 mm (SMF). – Stn SAN 106, Al Bahr al Ahmar. Sanganeb, 6 – 10 m, 3 October 1993: one ov. F, 2.2 mm (SMF). – Rabigh, Stn SAN 1, coast guard, 7 April 2011: one M, 2.4 mm (SMF). Red Sea. Jeddah, 21.88483 ° N, 38.9727 ° E, 0.5 m, 17 April 2011: four M, 1.5 – 2.0 mm, one ov. F, 1.6 mm (SMF). Madagascar. Tulear, coll. Thomassin, Stn 1666, two ov. F, 1.8 – 2.1 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17317). – No Stn number: one juv., 1.0 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17323), one ov. F, 2.0 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17314). Description Carapace: 1.1 – 1.3 times broader than long; cervical groove distinct, laterally bifurcated; most ridges on gastric region interrupted, with some scattered scale-like ridges; one scale-like epigastric ridge; two protogastric ridges, anterior ridge medially interrupted, posterior ridge short, arcuate, slightly prominent, with thick plumose setae; one mesogastric ridge, medially interrupted, not extending to anteriormost marginal branchial spines; one metagastric ridge, not medially interrupted and not extending to anterior branchial ridges. Anterior branchial region with distinct ridges. Mid-transverse ridge usually uninterrupted, preceded by shallow cervical groove, followed by three transverse ridges, two of them uninterrupted. Lateral margins slightly convex medially, with five or six spines: one spine in front of and four or five spines behind anterior cervical groove; first spine anterolateral, small, at level of orbit, located at midlength between outer orbital spine and anteriormost spine of branchial margin; two spines on anterior branchial margin, and two or three spines on posterior branchial margin; third spine, when present, very small. Strong outer orbital spine. Rostrum spatulate, horizontal, slightly longer than broad, length 0.4 and breadth 0.3 that of carapace; dorsal surface nearly horizontal in lateral view, concave at base; lateral margin with three incised sharp teeth; margin between proximal and median spines straight. Pterygostomian flap rugose, with one distinct spine on upper margin near linea anomurica, with sparse short setae, anterior margin bluntly angular. Sternum: Nearly as long as broad; lateral extremities gently divergent posteriorly. Third sternite triangular, 1.2 times wider than long. Abdomen: Somites 2 – 3 each with uninterrupted transverse ridge on tergite behind anterior ridge; somite 4 smooth or with minute setose scales on tergite; somites 5 and 6 smooth, posteromedian margin of somite 6 straight. Eyes: Ocular peduncles as long as broad, maximal corneal diameter 0.7 of rostrum width. Antennule: Article 1 with two well-developed distodorsal and distolateral mucronated spines, distodorsal larger; one small distomesial spine and one minute distomesial spine on dorsal side. Ultimate article without a tuft of fine setae on distodorsal margin. Antenna: Article 1 with strong distomesial spine barely reaching distal margin of article 2. Mxp 3: Ischium with spine on flexor distal margin; crista dentata with eight to ten denticles. Merus as long as ischium; flexor margin with one strong spine; extensor margin with one distal spine. Carpus unarmed. P 1: Males 2.1 – 3.6 and females 1.6 – 2.1 times carapace length. Merus 0.7 – 0.8 length of carapace, 1.5 – 1.7 times as long as carpus, with some dorsomesial and a few ventromesial spines. Carpus 1.0 – 1.5 length of palm, 1.7 – 2.5 times as long as broad; dorsal surface with small spines; mesial row of spines, median spine strong. Palm 1.3 – 1.4 times as long as broad, unarmed. Fingers unarmed, 0.9 – 1.3 length of palm, each finger distally with two rows of teeth, spooned. P 2 – 4: With setose striae and some long plumose setae. P 2 1.8 times carapace length. Meri successively shorter posteriorly (P 3 merus 0.8 length of P 2 merus, P 4 merus 0.9 length of P 3 merus); P 2 merus 0.5 carapace length, 3.2 times as long as broad, as long as P 2 propodus; P 3 merus 3.0 times as long as broad, as long as P 3 propodus; P 4 merus 2.7 times as long as broad, 0.9 length of P 4 propodus. Extensor margins of meri with row of three or four proximally diminishing spines on P 2 – 3, unarmed on P 4; flexor margins distally ending in small spine followed proximally by several eminences; lateral sides unarmed. Carpi with no or one distal spine on extensor margin; lateral surface with several acute granules sub-paralleling extensor margin on P 2 – 4; flexor distal margin with small spine. P 2 – 4 propodi 4.0 – 5.8 times as long as broad; extensor margin unarmed; flexor margin with three or four slender, movable spines on P 2 – 4. Dactyli distally ending in well-curved strong spine, length 0.6 – 0.7 that of propodi. Coloration: Base colour of carapace, abdomen and pereiopods light brown. Anterior half of abdomen sometimes with brown median longitudinal stripe. Most distal portion of pereiopod articles darker. Remarks	en	Rodríguez-Flores, Paula C., Macpherson, Enrique, Buckley, David, Machordom, Annie (2018): Original Article High morphological similarity coupled with high genetic differentiation in new sympatric species of coral-reef squat lobsters (Crustacea: Decapoda: Galatheidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 185: 984-1017
9060EF0BFFE0FF86F4FDB627191CFCFB.taxon	description	Based on molecular analyses, the most closely related species to C. humilis is C. minuta, with divergence values of 9.2 % for COI and 2.4 % for 16 S. The greatest divergence observed was between C. humilis and C. tridentirostris (14.1 and 12.2 % for COI and 16 S, respectively). Average intraspecific distances in C. humilis were 0.3 and 0.2 % for COI and 16 S, respectively (Table 2). Distribution Red Sea, Madagascar, from 0.5 to 17 m, on stones and dead and living corals (Stylophora sp., Acropora sp., Seriatopora sp. and Pocillopora sp.).	en	Rodríguez-Flores, Paula C., Macpherson, Enrique, Buckley, David, Machordom, Annie (2018): Original Article High morphological similarity coupled with high genetic differentiation in new sympatric species of coral-reef squat lobsters (Crustacea: Decapoda: Galatheidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 185: 984-1017
9060EF0BFFE4FF98F523B6481EA9FAD8.taxon	description	(FIGS 5 C, 6) urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 9 E 36 D 411 - 7 E 7 A- 4990 - A 34 C- 158 CCE 102059 Material examined Holotype: Vanuatu. SANTO cruise, Stn EP 36, 15.555 ° S, 167.045 ° E, 20 – 60 m, 15 October 2006: ov. F, 2.4 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17344). Paratypes: Madagascar. Tulear, coll. Tomassin, Stn 896: one ov. F, 2.4 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17331). Papua New Guinea. Papua Niugini, Stn PR 48, 05.12 ° S, 145.8233 ° E, no depth, 17 November 2012: one ov., F 2.4 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17361). – Stn PB 11, 05.20833 ° S, 145.81833 ° E, 13 m, 30 December 2012: one ov. F, 2.3 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 367). – Stn PB 31, 05.1567 ° S, 145.8333 ° E, 31 m, 30 December 2012: one ov. F, 1.5 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17347). – Stn PS 23, 05.0762166 ° S, 145.82015 ° E, 21 m, 30 December 2012: three M, 1.2 – 1.6 mm, two ov. F, 1.5 – 1.7 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17360). KAVIENG lagoon cruise, Stn KB 04, 02.55 ° S, 150.7667 ° E, 15 – 17 m, 3 June 2014, one M, 1.5 mm, one F, 1.4 mm (MNHN-IU- 2014 - 13694 - 13592). – Stn KB 26, 02.7333 ° S, 150.7167 ° E, 9 – 15 m, 10 June 2014, one ov. F, 2.3 mm (MNHN-IU- 2014 - 2383). Vanuatu. SANTO cruise, Stn ED 16, 15.5883 ° S, 167.1233 ° E, 5 – 7 m, 17 September 2006: one M, 1.5 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17358). – Stn DB 40, 15.4967 ° S, 167.2517 ° E, 5 m, 19 September 2006: twoM, 1.7 – 2.0 mm, one ov. F, 1.8 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17342). – Stn DB 53, 15.48 ° S, 167.2533 ° E, 5 m, 22 September 2006: two ov. F, 1.8 – 2.1 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17352, 17353). – Stn DB 58, 15.41 ° S, 167.2383 ° E, 6 – 43 m, 23 September 2006: one M, 1.6 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17346). Stn ZB 20, 15.6017 ° S, 167.09 ° E, 15 – 20 m, 10 October 2006: one ov. F, 1.5 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17343). – Stn FB 68, 15.59 ° S, 166.995 ° E, 11 m, 11 October 2006: one ov. F, 1.9 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17355). We s t e r n A u s t r a l i a. N i n g a l o o R e e f, 2 2.6 0 8 3 ° S, 113.6249 ° E, 15 m, 2009: one M, 2.0 mm (UF 23446). Other material: KAVIENG lagoon cruise, Stn KB 06, 02.6833 ° S, 150.6833 ° E, 8 m, 4 June 2014: one F, 1.5 mm (MNHN-IU- 2014 - 13638). – Stn KB 16, 02.5666 ° S, 150.7667 ° E, 13 – 14 m, 7 June 2014, one ov. F, 1.9 mm, one F, 1.4 mm (MNHN-IU- 2014 - 13617 - 13512). – Stn KD 11, 02.6666 ° S, 50.7 ° E, 15 m, 8 June 2014, one ov. F, 2.0 mm (MNHN-IU- 2014 - 13642). – Stn KB 22, 02.75 ° S, 150.7167 ° E, 8 – 24 m, 10 June 2014, one ov. F, 1.6 mm (MNHN-IU- 2014 – 2333). – Stn KD 23, 02.65 ° S, 150.6 ° E, 5 – 10 m, 12 June 2014, two M, 1.6 – 1.8 mm (MNHN-IU- 2014 - 13582). – Stn KS 41, 02.6 ° S, 150.5333 ° E, 2 – 7 m, 16 June 2014, one M, 1.8 mm (MNHN-IU- 2014 - 13648). – Stn KB 74, 02.75 ° S, 150.7333 ° E, 20 m, 27 June 2014, one M, 2.0 mm (MNHN-IU- 2014 - 13581). Vanuatu. SANTO cruise, Stn DB 6 5, 1 5.4 3 ° S, 167.2167 ° E, 13 m, 26 September 2006: one M, 1.6 mm, five ov. F, 1.2 – 1.4 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17348). – Stn DB 80, 15.6183 ° S, 167.125 ° E, 18 m, 2 October 2006: two M, 1.6 – 1.8 mm, two ov. F, 1.6 – 1.7 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17356). – Stn NS 36, 15.5283 ° S, 167.1583 ° E, 2 – 3 m, 2 October 2006: one M, 1.8 mm, three ov. F, 1.3 – 1.7 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17357). – Stn DB 86, 15.6416 ° S, 167.2517 ° E, 13 m, 4 October 2006: one F, 1.5 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17351). – Stn EP 32, 15.61 ° S, 167.0333 ° E, 100 m, 14 October 2006: one ov. F, 2.0 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17349). – Stn FS 96, 15.5516 ° S, 167.16 ° E, 35 m, 14 October 2006: one M, 1.3 mm, one ov. F, 1.6 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17354). – Stn FB 80, 15.5516 ° S, 167.16 ° E, 2 m, 14 October 2006: three M, 1.5 – 2.0 mm, four ov. F, 1.8 – 2.2 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17327). – Stn FS 82, 15.5383 ° S, 167.29 ° E, 8 – 20 m, 15 October 2006: two M, 1.5 – 1.8 mm, oneov. F, 2.0 mm, oneF, 1.5 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17350). – Stn EP 36, 15.555 ° S, 167.2116 ° E, 20 – 60 m, 15 October 2006: two ov. F, 2.1 – 2.4 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17359). – Stn EP 39, 15.5616 ° S, 167.275 ° E, 75 – 80 m, 17 October 2006: one ov. F, 1.8 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17345). Eastern Australia. Queensland, Lizard Island, 14.3902 ° S, 145.2737 ° E, 10 – 12 m, 9 February 2009: one ov. F, 2.6 mm (UF 16689). – 14.6504 ° S, 145.4621 ° E, no depth, 20 February 2009: one ov. F, 2.1 mm (UF 18286). Etymology Named after Jo Taylor for her contributions to squat lobster systematics. Description Carapace: 1.0 – 1.2 times broader than long; cervical groove distinct, laterally bifurcated; one medially interrupted or scale-like epigastric ridge; two protogastric ridges, anterior ridge medially interrupted or scale like, posterior ridge short, arcuate, clearly prominent, with thick plumose setae; one mesogastric ridge, uninterrupted, not extending to anteriormost marginal branchial spines; one metagastric ridge, uninterrupted and not extending to anterior branchial ridges. Anterior branchial region with distinct ridges. Mid-transverse ridge usually uninterrupted, preceded by shallow cervical groove, followed by three transverse ridges, two of them uninterrupted. Lateral margins slightly convex medially, with six spines: one spine in front of and five spines behind anterior cervical groove; first spine anterolateral, small, clearly before level of orbit, located near outer orbital spine; two spines on anterior branchial margin, and three spines on posterior branchial margin, last spine small. Strong outer orbital spine. Rostrum spatulate, horizontal, as long as or slightly longer than broad, length 0.4 and breadth 0.3 – 0.4 that of carapace; dorsal surface nearly horizontal or slightly concave in lateral view; lateral margin with four incised sharp teeth, basal pair of spines smaller than others. Pterygostomian flap rugose, with one or two distinct spines on upper margin near linea anomurica, with sparse short setae, anterior margin bluntly angular. Sternum: Nearly as long as broad; lateral extremities gently divergent posteriorly. Third sternite triangular, 1.0 – 1.3 times wider than long. Abdomen: Somites 2 – 4 each with uninterrupted transverse stria behind anterior ridge; somites 5 and 6 smooth, posteromedian margin of somite 6 straight. Eyes: Ocular peduncles as long as broad, maximal corneal diameter 0.7 of rostrum width. Antennule: Article 1 with two well-developed distodorsal and distolateral mucronated spines, distodorsal larger; distomesial spine small; one minute distomesial spine on dorsal side. Ultimate article without a tuft of fine setae on distodorsal margin. Antenna: Article 1 with strong distomesial spine barely reaching distal margin of article 2. Mxp 3: Ischium with minute spine on flexor distal margin; crista dentata with nine or ten denticles. Merus as long as ischium; flexor margin with one strong spine; extensor margin with one distal spine. Carpus unarmed. P 1: Males 2.3 – 3.8 and females 1.7 – 2.1 times carapace length. Merus 0.6 – 0.7 length of carapace, 1.3 – 1.6 times as long as carpus, with some dorsomesial and a few ventromesial spines. Carpus 1.0 – 1.5 length of palm, 1.5 – 2.5 times as long as broad; dorsal surface with small spines; mesial row with two or three well-developed spines. Palm 1.0 – 1.3 times as long as broad, with a few small spines along lateral and mesial margins. Fingers unarmed, 1.0 – 1.3 length of palm, each finger distally with four or five teeth, and spooned. P 2 – 4: Moderately short, with setose striae and some long plumose setae. P 2 1.5 – 1.7 times carapace length. Meri successively shorter posteriorly (P 3 merus 0.8 – 0.9 length of P 2 merus, P 4 merus 0.7 – 0.9 length of P 3 merus); P 2 merus 0.5 – 0.6 carapace length, 3.0 – 3.5 times as long as broad, 1.2 length of P 2 propodus; P 3 merus 3.0 times as long as broad, 1.2 length of P 3 propodus; P 4 merus 2.7 – 3.0 times as long as broad, 0.9 – 1.2 length of P 4 propodus. Extensor margins of meri with row of four to six proximally diminishing spines on P 2 – 3, unarmed on P 4; flexor margins distally ending in small spine followed proximally by several eminences; lateral sides unarmed. Carpi with no to three spines on extensor margin; lateral surface with several spines or acute granules sub-paralleling extensor margin on P 2 – 4; flexor distal margin unarmed. P 2 – 4 propodi 3.8 – 4.8 times as long as broad; extensor margin unarmed; flexor margin with three or four slender, movable spines on P 2 – 4. Dactyli distally ending in well-curved strong spine, length 0.6 – 0.7 that of propodi. Remarks Coralliogalathea joae is easily distinguished from the other species of the genus by the number of lateral teeth on the rostrum; four in C. joae and three in the other species. Coralliogalathea joae is genetically very distinct from the rest of the species. Genetic divergences with the other species ranged from 13.0 to 14.7 % for COI and from 8.8 to 14.3 % for 16 S. Average intraspecific distances were 1.1 and 0.2 % for COI and 16 S, respectively (Table 2). Distribution Madagascar, Western and Eastern Australia, Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu, 2 – 100 m, in corals (e. g. Pocillopora sp.). CORALLIOGALATHEA MEGALOCHIRA (NOBILI, 1906)	en	Rodríguez-Flores, Paula C., Macpherson, Enrique, Buckley, David, Machordom, Annie (2018): Original Article High morphological similarity coupled with high genetic differentiation in new sympatric species of coral-reef squat lobsters (Crustacea: Decapoda: Galatheidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 185: 984-1017
9060EF0BFFF9FF9FF4C9B74019FFFDFD.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: AA 5397 D 5 - 56 FF- 4 DC 8 - 8 F 27 - F 5 D 4 ED 82 ECAA Material examined Holotype: New Caledonia, Touho Island, 20.7833 ° S, 1 6 5. 2 1 6 7 ° E, S e p t e m b e r 1 9 9 3: M, 2. 6 m m (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17329). Paratypes: New Caledonia. Lifou Island, LIFOU cruise, Stn 1475, 20.93 ° S, 167.3166 ° E, subtidal, 11 November 2000: ten M, 1.5 – 3.2 mm, six ov. F, 1.6 – 2.4 mm, one F, 2.1 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17377 - 17381). – Stn 1406, 20.78 ° S, 167.1283 ° E, intertidal, 18 November 2000: one M, 1.6 mm, six ov. F, 1.5 – 1.9 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17367). – Stn 1426, 20.765 ° S, 167.1033 ° E, 4 – 7 m, 20 November 2000: one ov. F, 1.9 mm, one F, 2.0 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17366). – Stn 1467, 20.7766 ° S, 167.09 ° E, 90 m, 20 November 2000: two ov. F, 2.3 – 2.4 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17363). – Stn 1418, 20.7816 ° S, 167.1316 ° E, 1 – 5 m, 21 November 2000: one M, 1.7 mm, two ov. F, 1.6 – 1.8 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17368). – Stn 1421, 20.8733 ° S, 167.1416 ° E, 4 m, 26 November 2000: one ov. F, 1.8 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17365). New Caledonia, Touho Island. 20.7833 ºS, 165.2167 ºE, 10 m, 7 September 1993: two M, 1.6 – 2.0 mm, two ov. F, 2.1 – 2.2 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17364), one M, 1.8 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17330). Vanuatu. SANTO cruise, Stn LD 10, 15.3633 ºS 167.19 ºE, 2 – 4 m, 29 September 2006: one ov. F, 2.0 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17369). Other material: New Caledonia, Touho Island, Stn LF 4, 20.7025 ° S, 167.165 ° E, 8 m, 28 November 1995: one M, 2.1 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17362). Vanuatu. SANTO cruise, Stn EP 10, 15.6333 ° S, 167.2267 ° E, 45 – 101 m, 15 September 2006: one M, 1.3 mm, one F, 2.0 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17376). – Stn DB 40, 15.4966 ° S, 167.2516 ° E, 5 m, 19 September 2006: two M, 1.5 – 1.7 mm, four ov. F, 1.6 – 1.8 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17374). – Stn DB 83, 15.7233 ° S, Figure 8. Coralliogalathea minuta sp. nov., New Caledonia, Touho Island, male, holotype, 2.6 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17329). A, carapace and abdomen, dorsal view. B, thoracic sternites 3 and 4. C, left part of cephalothorax, ventral view, showing antennular and antennal peduncles, and anterior part of pterygostomian flap. D, right Mxp 3, lateral view. E, left P 4, lateral view. Scale bar: 1 mm in A, E; 2 mm in B – D. 167.25 ° E, 6 m, 3 October 2006: two M, 1.2 – 1.6 mm, ten ov. F, 1.7 – 1.9 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17370). – Stn ZR 12, 15.6117 ° S, 167.0333 ° E, 2 – 30 m, 5 October 2006: two M, 1.8 – 2.1 mm, one ov. F, 1.9 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17375). – Stn FS 51, 15.7116 ° S, 167.2516 ° E, 2 – 3 m, 5 October 2006: two M, 1.8 – 1.9 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17373). – Stn LD 25, 15.5416 ° S, 167.175 ° E, 3 – 4 m, 7 October 2006: one ov. F, 1.8 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17371). – Stn EP 36, 15.5517 ° S, 167.2067 ° E, 20 – 60 m, 15 October 2006: one ov. F, 1.8 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17372). Etymology From the Latin minutus, meaning small, in reference to the size of the species. Description Carapace: 1.0 – 1.1 times broader than long; cervical groove barely distinct; most ridges on gastric region interrupted or scale like; one scale-like epigastric Pterygostomian flap rugose, with one distinct spine on upper margin near linea anomurica, with sparse short setae, anterior margin bluntly angular. Sternum: Nearly as long as broad; lateral extremities gently divergent posteriorly. Third sternite triangular, as wide as long. Abdomen: Somites 2 – 3 each with two uninterrupted transverse ridges on tergite, anterior ridge slightly more elevated than posterior ridge; somite 4 with posterior ridge scale like; somites 5 and 6 smooth, posteromedian margin of somite 6 straight. Eyes: Ocular peduncles as long as broad, maximal corneal diameter 0.7 of rostrum width. A n t e n n u l e: A r t i cl e 1 w i t h t w o w e l l - d e v e l o p e d distodorsal and distolateral mucronated spines, distodorsal larger, with small mesial spine at base; distomesial spine small. Ultimate article without a tuft of fine setae on distodorsal margin. Figure 9. Coralliogalathea minuta sp. nov., New Caledonia. Lifou Island, paratype, male, 2.1 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17379). A, carapace and abdomen, dorsal view. B, right P 1, dorsal view. C, left P 2, lateral view. D, left P 3, lateral view. E, left P 4, lateral view. Scale bar: 1 mm. ridge; two scale-like protogastric ridges, posterior ridge short, arcuate, with thick plumose setae; one mesogastric ridge, medially interrupted or scale like, not extending to anteriormost marginal branchial spines; one metagastric ridge, medially interrupted and not extending to anterior branchial ridges. Anterior branchial region with distinct ridges. Mid-transverse ridge usually uninterrupted, preceded by shallow cervical groove, followed by three transverse ridges, two of them uninterrupted. Lateral margins slightly convex medially, with five or six spines: one spine in front of and four or five spines behind anterior cervical groove; first spine anterolateral, small, at level of or slightly behind orbit, located at midlength between outer orbital spine and anteriormost spine of branchial margin; two spines on anterior branchial margin, and two or three spines on posterior branchial margin. Strong outer orbital spine. Rostrum lanceolate, slightly longer than broad, length 0.3 and breadth 0.3 that of carapace; dorsal surface concave at base; lateral margin with three incised sharp teeth, margin between proximal and median spines straight. Antenna: Article 1 with strong distomesial spine barely reaching distal margin of article 3. Mxp 3: Ischium with minute spine on flexor distal margin. Merus as long as ischium; flexor margin with one strong spine; extensor margin with one distal spine. Carpus unarmed. P 1: Males 3.0 – 3.8 and females 1.7 – 2.5 times carapace length. Merus 0.9 – 1.0 length of carapace, 1.8 times as long as carpus, with some dorsomesial and a few ventromesial spines. Carpus 0.7 length of palm, 1.4 times as long as broad; dorsal surface with small spines or acute granules; mesial row of strong spines, with one or two ventral spines. Palm 1.4 times as long as broad, a few acute granules along lateral and mesial margins. Fingers unarmed, 0.8 length of palm, each finger distally with two rows of teeth, spooned. P 2 – 4: With setose striae and some long plumose setae. P 2 1.6 times carapace length. Meri successively shorter posteriorly (P 3 merus 0.9 length of P 2 merus, P 4 merus 0.9 length of P 3 merus); P 2 merus 0.5 – 0.6 carapace length, 3.3 times as long as broad, 1.3 length of P 2 propodus; P 3 merus 3.2 times as long as broad, 1.3 length of P 3 propodus; P 4 merus 3.0 times as long as broad, 1.0 – 1.2 length of P 4 propodus. Extensor margins of meri with row of three to five proximally diminishing small spines on P 2 – 3, unarmed on P 4; flexor margins distally ending in small spine followed proximally by several eminences; lateral sides unarmed. Carpi unarmed on extensor margin; lateral surface with several acute granules sub-paralleling extensor margin on P 2 – 4; flexor distal margin unarmed. P 2 – 4 propodi 4.0 – 4.8 times as long as broad; extensor margin unarmed; flexor margin with four slender movable spines on P 2 – 4. Dactyli distally ending in well-curved strong spine, length 0.6 that of propodi. Remarks Coralliogalathea minuta is morphologically related to C. parva from Vanuatu, Papua New Guinea and the Mariana Islands and C. megalochira from French Polynesia. Coralliogalathea minuta is easily distinguished from the other species by the shapes of the rostrum and the carapace. The rostrum is lanceolate in C. minuta and spatulate in the other species, and the carapace is slightly shorter than, or as long as, it is wide in C. minuta, whereas it is clearly wider (≥ 1.2 times) than long in the other species. Genetic divergences between C. minuta and its most similar species were, with C. parva, 13.6 and 10 % for COI and 16 S, respectively, and with C. megalochira, 13.9 and 9 % for COI and 16 S, respectively (Table 2). The genetic distance between C. minuta and C. humilis was the lowest observed among Coralliogalathea species (see above). Distribution New Caledonia, Vanuatu, subtidal to 101 m. CORALLIOGALATHEA PARVA SP. NOV. (FIG. 10) urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 3 D 1 A 8 B 9 E- 538 B- 4450 - AB 1 BCC 20 F 46 B 9 BE 8 Material examined Holotype: Vanuatu. Stn FB 80, 15.5516 ° S, 167.16 ° E, 2 m, 14 October 2006: M, 2.1 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17328). Paratypes: Mariana Islands, Guam Island. Pago Bay, reef flat to crest channel, under rocks, 0 – 2 m, 2003: one ov. F, 2.1 mm (UF 4229). – Cabras, 13.4649 ° N, 144.6872 ° E, 0 – 4 m, 20 June 2010: one M, 2.7 mm (UF 26641). Papua New Guinea, Bismark Archipelago, Tungelo Island, Mascot Channel, reef flat adjacent to channel, sand and seagrass, 2.655 ° S, 150.46 ° E, 1 – 2 m, 2 July 2003: one ov. F, 1.7 mm (UF 4837). KAVIENG lagoon cruise, Stn KS 21, 02.5667 ° S, 150.7667 ° E, 4 m, 7 June 2014: one ov. F, 1.6 mm (MNHN-IU- 2014 - 13507). – Stn KB 30, 02.7333 ° S, 150.65 ° E, 8 – 15 m, 11 June 2014: two M, 1.5 – 2 mm, (MNHN-IU- 2014 - 13693 - 13636). – Stn KB 36, 02.6333 ° S, 150.6333 ° E, 3 – 8 m, 13 June 2014: one M, 1.7 mm, one F, 1.5 mm (MNHN-IU- 2014 - 13690 - 13665). – Stn KS 41, 02.6 ° S, 150.5333 ° E, 2 – 7 m, 16 June 2014: one ov. F, 1.9 mm (MNHN-IU- 2014 - 13692). Vanuatu. SANTO cruise, Stn DB 40, 15.4967 ° S, 167.2517 ° E, 5 m, 19 September 2006: three M, 1.2 mm, six ov. F, 1.3 – 1.8 mm, one F, 1.3 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17383). Stn FB 61, 15.5733 ° S, 167.21 ° E, 2 – 3 m, 7 October 2006: one M, 1.6 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17382). – Stn ZB 20, 15.6016 ° S, 167.09 ° E, 15 – 20 m, 10 October 2006: one ov. F, 1.6 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17386). – Stn FB 80, 15.5516 ° S, 167.16 ° E, 2 m, 14 October 2006: three M, 1.5 – 2.0 mm, four ov. F, 1.8 – 2.2 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17326). Other material: Vanuatu. SANTO cruise, Stn DB 12, 15.61 ° S, 167.1683 ° E, 10 – 18 m, 13 September 2006: one ov. F, 1.4 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17387). – Stn EP 10, 15.6333 ° S, 167.2266 ° E, 45 – 101 m, 15 September 2006: one M, 1.3 mm, one F, 2.0 mm (MNHN) – Stn DB 53, 15.48 ° S, 167.2533 ° E, 5 m, 22 September 2006: five M, 1.4 – 1.7 mm, four ov. F, 1.5 – 1.8 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17385). – Stn DB 67, 15.3816 ° S, 167.2183 ° E, 7 m, 26 September 2006: one M, 1.6 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17392). – Stn DB 71, 15.36 ° S, 167.2083 ° E, 7 m, 27 September 2006: one M, 1.7 mm, two ov. F, 1.6 – 1.8 mm, one F, 1.4 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17390). – Stn NS 36, 15.5283 ° S, 167.1583 ° E, 2 – 3 m, 2 October 2006: one M, 1.8 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17389). – Stn DB 83, 15.7233 ° S, 167.25 ° E, 6 m, 3 October 2006: three M, 1.2 – 1.6 mm, ten ov. F, 1.7 – 1.9 mm (MNHN). – Stn FB 52, 15.7116 ° S, 167.2516 ° E, 7 m, 5 October 2006: six M, 1.4 – 1.6 mm; eight ov. F, 1.3 – 1.6 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17388). – Stn FB 92, 15.56 ° S, 167.2766 ° E, 2 – 4 m, 14 October 2006: one M, 1.7 mm, two ov. F, 1.6 – 1.8 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17393). – Stn FS 79, 15.5516 ° S, 167.16 ° E, 2 m, 14 October 2006: one M, 1.4 mm, one F, 1.4 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17391). – Stn FB 80, 15.5516 ° S, 167.16 ° E, 2 m, 14 October 2006: 11 M, 1.3 – 2.4 mm, 13 ov. F, 1.6 – 2.3 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17384). – Stn LD 35, 15.5466 ° S, 167.1933 ° E, 3 – 8 m, 16 October 2006: one M, 1.3 mm (MNHN-IU- 2013 - 17394). Etymology From the Latin parvus, meaning little, in reference to the small size of the species. Description Carapace: 1.2 – 1.3 times broader than long; cervical groove barely distinct; most ridges on gastric region interrupted or scale-like; one scale-like epigastric ridge; two scale-like protogastric ridges 1.2 – 1.3 times broader than long, posterior ridge short, arcuate, with thick plumose setae; one mesogastric ridge, medially interrupted or scale like, not extending to anteriormost marginal branchial spines; one metagastric ridge, uninterrupted and not extending to anterior branchial ridges. Anterior branchial region with distinct ridges. Mid-transverse ridge usually uninterrupted, preceded by shallow cervical groove, followed by three transverse ridges, two of them uninterrupted. Lateral margins slightly convex medially, with five or six spines: one spine in front of and four or five spines behind anterior cervical groove; first spine anterolateral, small, at level of orbit, located at midlength between outer orbital spine and anteriormost spine of branchial margin; two spines on anterior branchial margin, and two or three spines on posterior branchial margin. Strong outer orbital spine; infraorbital margin with two strong spines. Rostrum spatulate, slightly longer than broad, length 0.4 and breadth 0.3 that of carapace; dorsal surface concave at base; lateral margin with three incised sharp teeth, margin between proximal and median spine clearly convex. Pterygostomian flap rugose, with one distinct spine on upper margin near linea anomurica, with sparse short setae, anterior margin bluntly angular. Sternum: Nearly as long as broad; lateral extremities gently divergent posteriorly. Third sternite triangular, longer than wide. Abdomen: Somites 2 – 3 each with two uninterrupted transverse ridges on tergite, anterior ridge slightly more elevated than posterior ridge; somite 4 smooth or with posterior scale-like ridge; somites 5 and 6 smooth, posteromedian margin of somite 6 straight. Eyes: Ocular peduncles as long as broad, maximal corneal diameter 0.7 of rostrum width. A n t e n n u l e: A r t i cl e 1 w i t h t w o w e l l - d e v e l o p e d distodorsal and distolateral mucronated spines, distodorsal larger. Ultimate article without a tuft of fine setae on distodorsal margin. Antenna: Article 1 with strong distomesial spine barely reaching distal margin of article 3. Mxp 3: Ischium with minute spine on flexor distal margin. Merus as long as ischium; flexor margin with one strong spine; extensor margin with one distal spine. Carpus unarmed. P 1: Males 2.7 – 3.1 and females 1.8 – 1.9 times carapace length. Merus 0.8 – 0.9 length of carapace, 1.5 times as long as carpus, with some dorsomesial and a few ventromesial spines. Carpus 1.0 – 1.2 length of palm, 1.7 – 1.8 times as long as broad; dorsal surface with small spines or acute granules; mesial row of spines, median and distal spines strong. Palm 1.2 times as long as broad, a few acute granules along lateral and mesial margins. Fingers unarmed, 1.2 length of palm, each finger distally with two rows of teeth, spooned. P 2 – 4: With setose striae and some long plumose setae. P 2 1.7 times carapace length. Meri successively shorter posteriorly (P 3 merus 0.9 length of P 2 merus; P 4 merus 0.9 – 1.0 length of P 3 merus); P 2 merus 0.6 carapace length, 3.0 times as long as broad, 1.0 – 1.1 length of P 2 propodus; P 3 merus 2.5 times as long as broad, 1.1 – 1.2 length of P 3 propodus; P 4 merus 2.7 times as long as broad, 1.1 – 1.3 length of P 4 propodus. Extensor margins of meri with row of three or four proximally diminishing small spines on P 2 – 3, unarmed on P 4; flexor margins distally ending in small spine followed proximally by several eminences; lateral sides unarmed. Carpi unarmed or with one or two minute spines on extensor margin; lateral surface with several acute granules sub-paralleling extensor margin on P 2 – 4; flexor distal margin unarmed. P 2 – 4 propodi 5.0 – 6.5 times as long as broad; extensor margin unarmed; flexor margin with four slender, movable spines on P 2 – 4. Dactyli distally ending in well-curved strong spine, length 0.6 that of propodi. Remarks C o r a l l i o g a l a t h e a p a r v a i s c l o s e l y r e l a t e d t o C. megalochira from French Polynesia (see the differences under the Remarks for C. megalochira). These species also presented the lowest genetic divergence among the species of Coralliogalathea (6.7 % for COI and 2.4 % for 16 S). Average mean intraspecific distances were 1.3 and 0.6 % for COI and 16 S, respectively (Table 2). Distribution Mariana Islands, Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu, under rocks, sand and seagrass, 0 – 20 m.	en	Rodríguez-Flores, Paula C., Macpherson, Enrique, Buckley, David, Machordom, Annie (2018): Original Article High morphological similarity coupled with high genetic differentiation in new sympatric species of coral-reef squat lobsters (Crustacea: Decapoda: Galatheidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 185: 984-1017
