identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
9605E23F9270FFCE96D8F90BFBF2FE51.text	9605E23F9270FFCE96D8F90BFBF2FE51.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Iphiculus Adams & White 1849	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Iphiculus Adams &amp; White, 1849</p>
            <p> Type species.  Iphiculus spongiosus Adams &amp; White, 1849 , by monotypy. </p>
            <p> Remarks. A handful of species are currently included in this genus. Its identification in the fossil record (Morris &amp; Collins 1991; Collins et al. 2003) is largely based on the carapace outline, configuration of spines on the lateral margins and carapace surface ornamentation. In this respect it should be noted that some species of  Typilobus Stoliczka, 1871 , a leucosiid genus known exclusively from the fossil record, resemble extant representatives of  Iphiculus . Artal &amp; Hyžný (2016) presented an appraisal of the fossil leucosiid genus  Typilobus . They pointed out the heterogeneity of the taxon, as previously emphasized by Vía Boada (1969), Müller (1993), and Feldmann et al. (2011) and reassigned  Typilobus boscoi Vía Boada, 1959 to a new genus and family. More re-assignments of species now classified within the broadly defined  Typilobus are likely once the genus is reviewed. It is possible that some of them will fall within the range of characters which now define  Iphiculus . </p>
            <p> Current assignment of a newly described species to  Iphiculus is based on striking morphological similarities with extant  I. convexus (Fig. 2), especially on the general shape of carapace, short anterolateral spines and large rounded tubercles covering evenly the dorsal carapace surface. Since, the new fossil material consists only of isolated carapaces, comparison with sternum, pleon and chelipeds is not possible. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9605E23F9270FFCE96D8F90BFBF2FE51	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Hyžný, Matúš;Gross, Martin	Hyžný, Matúš, Gross, Martin (2016): A new iphiculid crab (Crustacea, Brachyura, Leucosioidea) from the Middle Miocene of Austria, with notes on palaeobiogeography of Iphiculus. Zootaxa 4179 (2): 263-270, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4179.2.6
9605E23F9271FFC896D8F9A5FC13FAC3.text	9605E23F9271FFC896D8F9A5FC13FAC3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Iphiculus eliasi	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Iphiculus eliasi sp. nov.</p>
            <p>(Figs 2 A, 3A–E, 4A–C)</p>
            <p>Diagnosis. Carapace transversely subovate in outline, widest at level of posteriormost anterolateral spine; lateral margins bearing 6 short triangular spines; dorsal carapace surface covered evenly with large rounded tubercles: hepatic region with tubercle, gastric region with 3 pairs of tubercles, branchial region with 3 tubercles.</p>
            <p>Etymology. The species name is dedicated to Eliáš, son of the first author.</p>
            <p>Material examined. Holotype: near-complete carapace UMJGP Inv.No. 75.612, max. length, 15.7 mm; max. width, 19.0 mm (Figs 3 A–D). Paratype: near-complete carapace UMJGP Inv.No. 75.613, max. length, 13.0 mm (preserved portion); max. width, 17.2 mm; Fig. 3 E). Additional specimen: carapace fragment UMJGP Inv.No. 211339; Fig. 4 A–C).</p>
            <p>Description. Small carapace; transversely subovate in outline; slightly wider than long, widest at midlength, at level of posteriormost anterolateral spine; dorsal surface moderately convex in both directions. Front not projected, slightly raised, narrow, not well preserved, presumably bilobed. Orbits small, concave, anteriorly directed. Lateral margins bearing 6 short triangular spines, anterolateral margin with 4 spines, posterolateral margin with 2 spines; corners between posterolateral, posterior margins pointed; posterior margin straight, narrow. Dorsal surface of carapace evenly covered with many large, densely packed granules, nearly identical in size (if cuticular surface preserved) or with round concave pustules (if cuticular surface not preserved). Carapace surface covered evenly with large rounded tubercles: hepatic region with 1 tubercle, gastric region with 3 pairs of tubercles, branchial region with 3 tubercles. Carapace grooves absent in anterior carapace portion, well developed in posterior carapace portion. Gastric region large, indistinctly demarcated with grooves. Cardiac region ovate in outline, strongly arched. Branchial regions broad. Intestinal region narrow without large spines. Sternum, pleon, pereiopods unknown.</p>
            <p>  Occurrence. The species is known only from its type locality at  Wetzelsdorf (Austria). </p>
            <p> Remarks.  Iphiculus eliasi sp. nov. is closest to the extant  I. convexus in terms of the morphology of the dorsal carapace. The latter species, however, has a relatively wider carapace closer to the anterior half and possesses more large round tubercles on the dorsal carapace, especially on the hepatic and gastric regions (Fig. 2 A versus Fig. 2 B). Another extant species,  I. spongiosus , differs from  I. eliasi sp. nov. by the presence of large anterolateral spines and the possession of dorsal carapace tubercles which are more projected outwards (Ng et al. 2008: fig. 79). Similarly, all fossil species of  Iphiculus so far known, i.e.  I. granulatus Morris &amp; Collins, 1991 ,  I. miriensis Morris &amp; Collins, 1991 , and  I. sexspinosus Morris &amp; Collins, 1991 , have well-developed anterolateral spines (Morris &amp; Collins 1991: figs 15, 14 and 17, respectively) which are absent in  I. eliasi sp. nov.</p>
            <p> Iphiculus eliasi sp. nov. also resembles some  Typilobus species.  Typilobus kishimotoi Karasawa, 1998 , from the Miocene of Japan has similarly shaped carapace outline and possesses large rounded tubercles on the dorsal surface; but the tubercles are fewer than in  I. eliasi sp. nov. (Fig. 3 A vs. Karasawa 1998: fig. 2). Additionally,  T. kishimotoi has two longitudinal ridges behind the median sulcus of the frontal region (Karasawa 1998: fig. 2.2b), a feature that is absent in the new species (Figs. 2 A, 3A, 3C). </p>
            <p> One specimen of  Iphiculus eliasi sp. nov. (UMJGP 21.1339) exhibits partial cuticle degradation on the preserved portion of the carapace (Fig. 4 A–C). It suggests rather complex internal structure of the tuberculation of leucosioids; tubercles are expressed differently in various cuticular layers. It was already noted that taphonomic aspects of the cuticle preservation in fossil crabs may have major impact on taxonomical evaluation of the characters such as carapace ornamentation (e.g. Feldmann &amp; Portell 2007; Klompmaker et al. 2015). Therefore, only large rounded tubercles present also on the specimen without preserved cuticle (Fig. 3 A–D) are considered of taxonomical importance herein. </p>
            <p>  Vía (1941) reported an “  Iliinae ,  Ebaliinae ?” from the Middle Miocene of Catalonia, Spain. His figure (Vía 1941: pl. 10, fig. 75) clearly represents a leucosioid crab with striking similarities to  Iphiculus eliasi sp. nov. Müller (1993: figs 5M–N) refigured the specimen in greater detail (although still insufficient for closer comparison) and assigned it questionably to the leucosiid genus  Randallia Stimpson, 1857 sensu lato (see Galil 2003). Re-examination of the specimen is needed to resolve its affinities. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9605E23F9271FFC896D8F9A5FC13FAC3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Hyžný, Matúš;Gross, Martin	Hyžný, Matúš, Gross, Martin (2016): A new iphiculid crab (Crustacea, Brachyura, Leucosioidea) from the Middle Miocene of Austria, with notes on palaeobiogeography of Iphiculus. Zootaxa 4179 (2): 263-270, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4179.2.6
