taxonID	type	format	identifier	references	title	description	created	creator	contributor	publisher	audience	source	license	rightsHolder	datasetID
9C298799D2405A38FF2DFA1F2434ACA0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829111/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829111	Figure 1. Nasals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), right nasal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left nasal in ventral view. D–E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right nasal in dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–G, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left nasal in dorsal (F) and ventral (G) views. H–I, Al. nigropunctatus (MDHC 242), articulated nasals in dorsal (H) and ventral (I) views. J–K, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), left nasal in dorsal (J) and ventral (K) views. L–M, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), right nasal in dorsal (L) and ventral (M) views. N–O, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right nasal in dorsal (N) and ventral (O) views. P, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left nasal in ventral view. Q–R, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left nasal in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 221), left nasal in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views. U–V, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right nasal in dorsal (U) and ventral (V) views. Abbreviations: alp, anterolateral process; amp, anteromedial process; asf, articulation surface with the frontal; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asp, articulation surface with the premaxilla; le, lateral expansion; pp, posterior process; r, ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 1. Nasals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), right nasal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left nasal in ventral view. D–E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right nasal in dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–G, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left nasal in dorsal (F) and ventral (G) views. H–I, Al. nigropunctatus (MDHC 242), articulated nasals in dorsal (H) and ventral (I) views. J–K, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), left nasal in dorsal (J) and ventral (K) views. L–M, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), right nasal in dorsal (L) and ventral (M) views. N–O, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right nasal in dorsal (N) and ventral (O) views. P, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left nasal in ventral view. Q–R, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left nasal in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 221), left nasal in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views. U–V, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right nasal in dorsal (U) and ventral (V) views. Abbreviations: alp, anterolateral process; amp, anteromedial process; asf, articulation surface with the frontal; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asp, articulation surface with the premaxilla; le, lateral expansion; pp, posterior process; r, ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2405A38FC95FDDD2512A95C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829111/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829111	Figure 1. Nasals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), right nasal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left nasal in ventral view. D–E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right nasal in dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–G, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left nasal in dorsal (F) and ventral (G) views. H–I, Al. nigropunctatus (MDHC 242), articulated nasals in dorsal (H) and ventral (I) views. J–K, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), left nasal in dorsal (J) and ventral (K) views. L–M, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), right nasal in dorsal (L) and ventral (M) views. N–O, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right nasal in dorsal (N) and ventral (O) views. P, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left nasal in ventral view. Q–R, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left nasal in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 221), left nasal in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views. U–V, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right nasal in dorsal (U) and ventral (V) views. Abbreviations: alp, anterolateral process; amp, anteromedial process; asf, articulation surface with the frontal; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asp, articulation surface with the premaxilla; le, lateral expansion; pp, posterior process; r, ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 1. Nasals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), right nasal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left nasal in ventral view. D–E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right nasal in dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–G, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left nasal in dorsal (F) and ventral (G) views. H–I, Al. nigropunctatus (MDHC 242), articulated nasals in dorsal (H) and ventral (I) views. J–K, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), left nasal in dorsal (J) and ventral (K) views. L–M, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), right nasal in dorsal (L) and ventral (M) views. N–O, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right nasal in dorsal (N) and ventral (O) views. P, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left nasal in ventral view. Q–R, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left nasal in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 221), left nasal in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views. U–V, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right nasal in dorsal (U) and ventral (V) views. Abbreviations: alp, anterolateral process; amp, anteromedial process; asf, articulation surface with the frontal; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asp, articulation surface with the premaxilla; le, lateral expansion; pp, posterior process; r, ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2405A39FC95FBAC2506ABDA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829111/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829111	Figure 1. Nasals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), right nasal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left nasal in ventral view. D–E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right nasal in dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–G, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left nasal in dorsal (F) and ventral (G) views. H–I, Al. nigropunctatus (MDHC 242), articulated nasals in dorsal (H) and ventral (I) views. J–K, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), left nasal in dorsal (J) and ventral (K) views. L–M, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), right nasal in dorsal (L) and ventral (M) views. N–O, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right nasal in dorsal (N) and ventral (O) views. P, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left nasal in ventral view. Q–R, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left nasal in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 221), left nasal in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views. U–V, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right nasal in dorsal (U) and ventral (V) views. Abbreviations: alp, anterolateral process; amp, anteromedial process; asf, articulation surface with the frontal; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asp, articulation surface with the premaxilla; le, lateral expansion; pp, posterior process; r, ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 1. Nasals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), right nasal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left nasal in ventral view. D–E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right nasal in dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–G, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left nasal in dorsal (F) and ventral (G) views. H–I, Al. nigropunctatus (MDHC 242), articulated nasals in dorsal (H) and ventral (I) views. J–K, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), left nasal in dorsal (J) and ventral (K) views. L–M, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), right nasal in dorsal (L) and ventral (M) views. N–O, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right nasal in dorsal (N) and ventral (O) views. P, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left nasal in ventral view. Q–R, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left nasal in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 221), left nasal in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views. U–V, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right nasal in dorsal (U) and ventral (V) views. Abbreviations: alp, anterolateral process; amp, anteromedial process; asf, articulation surface with the frontal; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asp, articulation surface with the premaxilla; le, lateral expansion; pp, posterior process; r, ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2415A3EFC87F92A23EFA959.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829111/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829111	Figure 1. Nasals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), right nasal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left nasal in ventral view. D–E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right nasal in dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–G, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left nasal in dorsal (F) and ventral (G) views. H–I, Al. nigropunctatus (MDHC 242), articulated nasals in dorsal (H) and ventral (I) views. J–K, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), left nasal in dorsal (J) and ventral (K) views. L–M, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), right nasal in dorsal (L) and ventral (M) views. N–O, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right nasal in dorsal (N) and ventral (O) views. P, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left nasal in ventral view. Q–R, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left nasal in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 221), left nasal in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views. U–V, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right nasal in dorsal (U) and ventral (V) views. Abbreviations: alp, anterolateral process; amp, anteromedial process; asf, articulation surface with the frontal; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asp, articulation surface with the premaxilla; le, lateral expansion; pp, posterior process; r, ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 1. Nasals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), right nasal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left nasal in ventral view. D–E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right nasal in dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–G, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left nasal in dorsal (F) and ventral (G) views. H–I, Al. nigropunctatus (MDHC 242), articulated nasals in dorsal (H) and ventral (I) views. J–K, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), left nasal in dorsal (J) and ventral (K) views. L–M, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), right nasal in dorsal (L) and ventral (M) views. N–O, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right nasal in dorsal (N) and ventral (O) views. P, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left nasal in ventral view. Q–R, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left nasal in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 221), left nasal in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views. U–V, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right nasal in dorsal (U) and ventral (V) views. Abbreviations: alp, anterolateral process; amp, anteromedial process; asf, articulation surface with the frontal; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asp, articulation surface with the premaxilla; le, lateral expansion; pp, posterior process; r, ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2465A3CFC95FBE82395A80E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829113/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829113	Figure 2. Frontals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), frontal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), frontal in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views (the medial process is broken). E–F, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), frontal in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), frontal in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), left frontal in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Po. muralis (MDHC 311), right frontal in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left frontal in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O, Ti. lepidus (MNHN 1991.4242), articulated frontals in dorsal view. P–Q, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), left frontal in dorsal (P) and ventral (Q) views. R–S, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), frontal in dorsal (R) and ventral (S) views. T–U, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right frontal in dorsal (T) and ventral (U) views.V–W, Chalcides striatus (MDHC 404), left frontal in dorsal (V) and ventral (W) views. X–Y, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right frontal in dorsal (X) and ventral (Y) views. Abbreviations: asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asn, articulation surface with the nasal; aspt, articulation surface with the parietal tabs; cc, crista cranii; lblp, lateral branch of the lateral process; lp, lateral process; mblp, medial branch of the lateral process; mp, medial process; pf, parietal foramen; plp, posterolateral process; sffs, sulcus separating frontal and frontoparietal shields. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 2. Frontals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), frontal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), frontal in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views (the medial process is broken). E–F, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), frontal in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), frontal in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), left frontal in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Po. muralis (MDHC 311), right frontal in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left frontal in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O, Ti. lepidus (MNHN 1991.4242), articulated frontals in dorsal view. P–Q, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), left frontal in dorsal (P) and ventral (Q) views. R–S, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), frontal in dorsal (R) and ventral (S) views. T–U, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right frontal in dorsal (T) and ventral (U) views.V–W, Chalcides striatus (MDHC 404), left frontal in dorsal (V) and ventral (W) views. X–Y, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right frontal in dorsal (X) and ventral (Y) views. Abbreviations: asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asn, articulation surface with the nasal; aspt, articulation surface with the parietal tabs; cc, crista cranii; lblp, lateral branch of the lateral process; lp, lateral process; mblp, medial branch of the lateral process; mp, medial process; pf, parietal foramen; plp, posterolateral process; sffs, sulcus separating frontal and frontoparietal shields. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2465A3CFC95FBE82395A80E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829115/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829115	Figure 3. Frontals (continued) – A–B, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), frontal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left frontal in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left frontal in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), frontal in right lateral view. H, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), left frontal in lateral view. I, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), frontal in right lateral view. J, Chalcides striatus (MDHC 404), left frontal in lateral view. K, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right frontal in lateral view. L, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right frontal in lateral view. M, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left frontal in lateral view. N, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left frontal in lateral view. Abbreviations: ap, anterior process; aslp, articulation surface with the lappet of the parietal; asmp, articulation surface with the maxilla and the prefrontal; asp, articulation surface with the postfrontal/postorbitofrontal; cc, crista cranii; fs, frontal shield; fps, frontoparietal shield; ifs, interfrontal shield; l, lappet; r, ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 3. Frontals (continued) – A–B, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), frontal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left frontal in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left frontal in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), frontal in right lateral view. H, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), left frontal in lateral view. I, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), frontal in right lateral view. J, Chalcides striatus (MDHC 404), left frontal in lateral view. K, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right frontal in lateral view. L, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right frontal in lateral view. M, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left frontal in lateral view. N, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left frontal in lateral view. Abbreviations: ap, anterior process; aslp, articulation surface with the lappet of the parietal; asmp, articulation surface with the maxilla and the prefrontal; asp, articulation surface with the postfrontal/postorbitofrontal; cc, crista cranii; fs, frontal shield; fps, frontoparietal shield; ifs, interfrontal shield; l, lappet; r, ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2465A3EFF2DFBB52405AE95.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829111/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829111	Figure 1. Nasals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), right nasal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left nasal in ventral view. D–E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right nasal in dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–G, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left nasal in dorsal (F) and ventral (G) views. H–I, Al. nigropunctatus (MDHC 242), articulated nasals in dorsal (H) and ventral (I) views. J–K, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), left nasal in dorsal (J) and ventral (K) views. L–M, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), right nasal in dorsal (L) and ventral (M) views. N–O, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right nasal in dorsal (N) and ventral (O) views. P, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left nasal in ventral view. Q–R, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left nasal in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 221), left nasal in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views. U–V, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right nasal in dorsal (U) and ventral (V) views. Abbreviations: alp, anterolateral process; amp, anteromedial process; asf, articulation surface with the frontal; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asp, articulation surface with the premaxilla; le, lateral expansion; pp, posterior process; r, ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 1. Nasals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), right nasal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left nasal in ventral view. D–E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right nasal in dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–G, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left nasal in dorsal (F) and ventral (G) views. H–I, Al. nigropunctatus (MDHC 242), articulated nasals in dorsal (H) and ventral (I) views. J–K, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), left nasal in dorsal (J) and ventral (K) views. L–M, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), right nasal in dorsal (L) and ventral (M) views. N–O, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right nasal in dorsal (N) and ventral (O) views. P, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left nasal in ventral view. Q–R, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left nasal in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 221), left nasal in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views. U–V, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right nasal in dorsal (U) and ventral (V) views. Abbreviations: alp, anterolateral process; amp, anteromedial process; asf, articulation surface with the frontal; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asp, articulation surface with the premaxilla; le, lateral expansion; pp, posterior process; r, ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2465A3EFF2DFBB52405AE95.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829113/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829113	Figure 2. Frontals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), frontal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), frontal in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views (the medial process is broken). E–F, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), frontal in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), frontal in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), left frontal in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Po. muralis (MDHC 311), right frontal in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left frontal in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O, Ti. lepidus (MNHN 1991.4242), articulated frontals in dorsal view. P–Q, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), left frontal in dorsal (P) and ventral (Q) views. R–S, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), frontal in dorsal (R) and ventral (S) views. T–U, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right frontal in dorsal (T) and ventral (U) views.V–W, Chalcides striatus (MDHC 404), left frontal in dorsal (V) and ventral (W) views. X–Y, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right frontal in dorsal (X) and ventral (Y) views. Abbreviations: asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asn, articulation surface with the nasal; aspt, articulation surface with the parietal tabs; cc, crista cranii; lblp, lateral branch of the lateral process; lp, lateral process; mblp, medial branch of the lateral process; mp, medial process; pf, parietal foramen; plp, posterolateral process; sffs, sulcus separating frontal and frontoparietal shields. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 2. Frontals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), frontal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), frontal in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views (the medial process is broken). E–F, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), frontal in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), frontal in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), left frontal in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Po. muralis (MDHC 311), right frontal in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left frontal in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O, Ti. lepidus (MNHN 1991.4242), articulated frontals in dorsal view. P–Q, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), left frontal in dorsal (P) and ventral (Q) views. R–S, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), frontal in dorsal (R) and ventral (S) views. T–U, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right frontal in dorsal (T) and ventral (U) views.V–W, Chalcides striatus (MDHC 404), left frontal in dorsal (V) and ventral (W) views. X–Y, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right frontal in dorsal (X) and ventral (Y) views. Abbreviations: asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asn, articulation surface with the nasal; aspt, articulation surface with the parietal tabs; cc, crista cranii; lblp, lateral branch of the lateral process; lp, lateral process; mblp, medial branch of the lateral process; mp, medial process; pf, parietal foramen; plp, posterolateral process; sffs, sulcus separating frontal and frontoparietal shields. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2465A3EFF2DFBB52405AE95.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829115/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829115	Figure 3. Frontals (continued) – A–B, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), frontal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left frontal in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left frontal in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), frontal in right lateral view. H, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), left frontal in lateral view. I, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), frontal in right lateral view. J, Chalcides striatus (MDHC 404), left frontal in lateral view. K, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right frontal in lateral view. L, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right frontal in lateral view. M, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left frontal in lateral view. N, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left frontal in lateral view. Abbreviations: ap, anterior process; aslp, articulation surface with the lappet of the parietal; asmp, articulation surface with the maxilla and the prefrontal; asp, articulation surface with the postfrontal/postorbitofrontal; cc, crista cranii; fs, frontal shield; fps, frontoparietal shield; ifs, interfrontal shield; l, lappet; r, ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 3. Frontals (continued) – A–B, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), frontal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left frontal in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left frontal in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), frontal in right lateral view. H, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), left frontal in lateral view. I, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), frontal in right lateral view. J, Chalcides striatus (MDHC 404), left frontal in lateral view. K, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right frontal in lateral view. L, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right frontal in lateral view. M, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left frontal in lateral view. N, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left frontal in lateral view. Abbreviations: ap, anterior process; aslp, articulation surface with the lappet of the parietal; asmp, articulation surface with the maxilla and the prefrontal; asp, articulation surface with the postfrontal/postorbitofrontal; cc, crista cranii; fs, frontal shield; fps, frontoparietal shield; ifs, interfrontal shield; l, lappet; r, ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2445A3DFF2DFA852376AC57.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829113/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829113	Figure 2. Frontals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), frontal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), frontal in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views (the medial process is broken). E–F, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), frontal in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), frontal in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), left frontal in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Po. muralis (MDHC 311), right frontal in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left frontal in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O, Ti. lepidus (MNHN 1991.4242), articulated frontals in dorsal view. P–Q, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), left frontal in dorsal (P) and ventral (Q) views. R–S, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), frontal in dorsal (R) and ventral (S) views. T–U, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right frontal in dorsal (T) and ventral (U) views.V–W, Chalcides striatus (MDHC 404), left frontal in dorsal (V) and ventral (W) views. X–Y, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right frontal in dorsal (X) and ventral (Y) views. Abbreviations: asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asn, articulation surface with the nasal; aspt, articulation surface with the parietal tabs; cc, crista cranii; lblp, lateral branch of the lateral process; lp, lateral process; mblp, medial branch of the lateral process; mp, medial process; pf, parietal foramen; plp, posterolateral process; sffs, sulcus separating frontal and frontoparietal shields. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 2. Frontals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), frontal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), frontal in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views (the medial process is broken). E–F, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), frontal in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), frontal in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), left frontal in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Po. muralis (MDHC 311), right frontal in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left frontal in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O, Ti. lepidus (MNHN 1991.4242), articulated frontals in dorsal view. P–Q, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), left frontal in dorsal (P) and ventral (Q) views. R–S, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), frontal in dorsal (R) and ventral (S) views. T–U, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right frontal in dorsal (T) and ventral (U) views.V–W, Chalcides striatus (MDHC 404), left frontal in dorsal (V) and ventral (W) views. X–Y, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right frontal in dorsal (X) and ventral (Y) views. Abbreviations: asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asn, articulation surface with the nasal; aspt, articulation surface with the parietal tabs; cc, crista cranii; lblp, lateral branch of the lateral process; lp, lateral process; mblp, medial branch of the lateral process; mp, medial process; pf, parietal foramen; plp, posterolateral process; sffs, sulcus separating frontal and frontoparietal shields. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2455A32FF1FFEAB2360AFC7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829113/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829113	Figure 2. Frontals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), frontal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), frontal in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views (the medial process is broken). E–F, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), frontal in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), frontal in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), left frontal in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Po. muralis (MDHC 311), right frontal in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left frontal in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O, Ti. lepidus (MNHN 1991.4242), articulated frontals in dorsal view. P–Q, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), left frontal in dorsal (P) and ventral (Q) views. R–S, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), frontal in dorsal (R) and ventral (S) views. T–U, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right frontal in dorsal (T) and ventral (U) views.V–W, Chalcides striatus (MDHC 404), left frontal in dorsal (V) and ventral (W) views. X–Y, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right frontal in dorsal (X) and ventral (Y) views. Abbreviations: asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asn, articulation surface with the nasal; aspt, articulation surface with the parietal tabs; cc, crista cranii; lblp, lateral branch of the lateral process; lp, lateral process; mblp, medial branch of the lateral process; mp, medial process; pf, parietal foramen; plp, posterolateral process; sffs, sulcus separating frontal and frontoparietal shields. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 2. Frontals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), frontal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), frontal in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views (the medial process is broken). E–F, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), frontal in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), frontal in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), left frontal in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Po. muralis (MDHC 311), right frontal in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left frontal in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O, Ti. lepidus (MNHN 1991.4242), articulated frontals in dorsal view. P–Q, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), left frontal in dorsal (P) and ventral (Q) views. R–S, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), frontal in dorsal (R) and ventral (S) views. T–U, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right frontal in dorsal (T) and ventral (U) views.V–W, Chalcides striatus (MDHC 404), left frontal in dorsal (V) and ventral (W) views. X–Y, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right frontal in dorsal (X) and ventral (Y) views. Abbreviations: asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asn, articulation surface with the nasal; aspt, articulation surface with the parietal tabs; cc, crista cranii; lblp, lateral branch of the lateral process; lp, lateral process; mblp, medial branch of the lateral process; mp, medial process; pf, parietal foramen; plp, posterolateral process; sffs, sulcus separating frontal and frontoparietal shields. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2455A32FF1FFEAB2360AFC7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829115/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829115	Figure 3. Frontals (continued) – A–B, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), frontal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left frontal in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left frontal in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), frontal in right lateral view. H, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), left frontal in lateral view. I, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), frontal in right lateral view. J, Chalcides striatus (MDHC 404), left frontal in lateral view. K, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right frontal in lateral view. L, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right frontal in lateral view. M, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left frontal in lateral view. N, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left frontal in lateral view. Abbreviations: ap, anterior process; aslp, articulation surface with the lappet of the parietal; asmp, articulation surface with the maxilla and the prefrontal; asp, articulation surface with the postfrontal/postorbitofrontal; cc, crista cranii; fs, frontal shield; fps, frontoparietal shield; ifs, interfrontal shield; l, lappet; r, ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 3. Frontals (continued) – A–B, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), frontal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left frontal in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left frontal in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), frontal in right lateral view. H, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), left frontal in lateral view. I, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), frontal in right lateral view. J, Chalcides striatus (MDHC 404), left frontal in lateral view. K, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right frontal in lateral view. L, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right frontal in lateral view. M, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left frontal in lateral view. N, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left frontal in lateral view. Abbreviations: ap, anterior process; aslp, articulation surface with the lappet of the parietal; asmp, articulation surface with the maxilla and the prefrontal; asp, articulation surface with the postfrontal/postorbitofrontal; cc, crista cranii; fs, frontal shield; fps, frontoparietal shield; ifs, interfrontal shield; l, lappet; r, ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2455A32FF1FFEAB2360AFC7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829117/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829117	Figure 4. Right frontal of a juvenile of Ti. lepidus (NHMW 625) in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bar = 1 mm.	Figure 4. Right frontal of a juvenile of Ti. lepidus (NHMW 625) in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bar = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D24A5A32FF2DFD3B257EA981.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829113/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829113	Figure 2. Frontals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), frontal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), frontal in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views (the medial process is broken). E–F, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), frontal in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), frontal in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), left frontal in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Po. muralis (MDHC 311), right frontal in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left frontal in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O, Ti. lepidus (MNHN 1991.4242), articulated frontals in dorsal view. P–Q, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), left frontal in dorsal (P) and ventral (Q) views. R–S, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), frontal in dorsal (R) and ventral (S) views. T–U, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right frontal in dorsal (T) and ventral (U) views.V–W, Chalcides striatus (MDHC 404), left frontal in dorsal (V) and ventral (W) views. X–Y, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right frontal in dorsal (X) and ventral (Y) views. Abbreviations: asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asn, articulation surface with the nasal; aspt, articulation surface with the parietal tabs; cc, crista cranii; lblp, lateral branch of the lateral process; lp, lateral process; mblp, medial branch of the lateral process; mp, medial process; pf, parietal foramen; plp, posterolateral process; sffs, sulcus separating frontal and frontoparietal shields. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 2. Frontals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), frontal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), frontal in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views (the medial process is broken). E–F, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), frontal in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), frontal in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), left frontal in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Po. muralis (MDHC 311), right frontal in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left frontal in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O, Ti. lepidus (MNHN 1991.4242), articulated frontals in dorsal view. P–Q, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), left frontal in dorsal (P) and ventral (Q) views. R–S, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), frontal in dorsal (R) and ventral (S) views. T–U, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right frontal in dorsal (T) and ventral (U) views.V–W, Chalcides striatus (MDHC 404), left frontal in dorsal (V) and ventral (W) views. X–Y, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right frontal in dorsal (X) and ventral (Y) views. Abbreviations: asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asn, articulation surface with the nasal; aspt, articulation surface with the parietal tabs; cc, crista cranii; lblp, lateral branch of the lateral process; lp, lateral process; mblp, medial branch of the lateral process; mp, medial process; pf, parietal foramen; plp, posterolateral process; sffs, sulcus separating frontal and frontoparietal shields. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D24A5A32FF2DFD3B257EA981.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829115/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829115	Figure 3. Frontals (continued) – A–B, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), frontal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left frontal in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left frontal in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), frontal in right lateral view. H, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), left frontal in lateral view. I, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), frontal in right lateral view. J, Chalcides striatus (MDHC 404), left frontal in lateral view. K, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right frontal in lateral view. L, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right frontal in lateral view. M, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left frontal in lateral view. N, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left frontal in lateral view. Abbreviations: ap, anterior process; aslp, articulation surface with the lappet of the parietal; asmp, articulation surface with the maxilla and the prefrontal; asp, articulation surface with the postfrontal/postorbitofrontal; cc, crista cranii; fs, frontal shield; fps, frontoparietal shield; ifs, interfrontal shield; l, lappet; r, ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 3. Frontals (continued) – A–B, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), frontal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left frontal in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left frontal in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), frontal in right lateral view. H, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), left frontal in lateral view. I, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), frontal in right lateral view. J, Chalcides striatus (MDHC 404), left frontal in lateral view. K, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right frontal in lateral view. L, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right frontal in lateral view. M, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left frontal in lateral view. N, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left frontal in lateral view. Abbreviations: ap, anterior process; aslp, articulation surface with the lappet of the parietal; asmp, articulation surface with the maxilla and the prefrontal; asp, articulation surface with the postfrontal/postorbitofrontal; cc, crista cranii; fs, frontal shield; fps, frontoparietal shield; ifs, interfrontal shield; l, lappet; r, ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D24A5A33FC95FAFD2412AC19.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829115/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829115	Figure 3. Frontals (continued) – A–B, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), frontal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left frontal in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left frontal in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), frontal in right lateral view. H, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), left frontal in lateral view. I, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), frontal in right lateral view. J, Chalcides striatus (MDHC 404), left frontal in lateral view. K, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right frontal in lateral view. L, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right frontal in lateral view. M, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left frontal in lateral view. N, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left frontal in lateral view. Abbreviations: ap, anterior process; aslp, articulation surface with the lappet of the parietal; asmp, articulation surface with the maxilla and the prefrontal; asp, articulation surface with the postfrontal/postorbitofrontal; cc, crista cranii; fs, frontal shield; fps, frontoparietal shield; ifs, interfrontal shield; l, lappet; r, ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 3. Frontals (continued) – A–B, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), frontal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left frontal in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left frontal in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), frontal in right lateral view. H, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), left frontal in lateral view. I, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), frontal in right lateral view. J, Chalcides striatus (MDHC 404), left frontal in lateral view. K, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right frontal in lateral view. L, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right frontal in lateral view. M, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left frontal in lateral view. N, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left frontal in lateral view. Abbreviations: ap, anterior process; aslp, articulation surface with the lappet of the parietal; asmp, articulation surface with the maxilla and the prefrontal; asp, articulation surface with the postfrontal/postorbitofrontal; cc, crista cranii; fs, frontal shield; fps, frontoparietal shield; ifs, interfrontal shield; l, lappet; r, ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D24A5A33FC95FAFD2412AC19.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829119/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829119	Figure 5. Parietals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), parietal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), parietal in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), parietal in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Lacerta schreiberi (UAM.R.S-6), parietal in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), parietal in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), parietal in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), parietal in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), parietal in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), parietal in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), parietal in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views. U–V, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), parietal in dorsal (U) and ventral (V) views.W–X, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), parietal in dorsal (W) and ventral (X) views. Y–Z, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), parietal in dorsal (Y) and ventral (Z) views. Abbreviations: al, area levis; alp, anterolateral process; as, anterior section of the anterolateral ventral crest; aspa, articulation surface with the processus ascendens of the supraoccipital; avc, anterolateral ventral crest; fps, frontoparietal shield; ips, interparietal	Figure 5. Parietals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), parietal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), parietal in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), parietal in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Lacerta schreiberi (UAM.R.S-6), parietal in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), parietal in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), parietal in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), parietal in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), parietal in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), parietal in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), parietal in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views. U–V, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), parietal in dorsal (U) and ventral (V) views.W–X, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), parietal in dorsal (W) and ventral (X) views. Y–Z, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), parietal in dorsal (Y) and ventral (Z) views. Abbreviations: al, area levis; alp, anterolateral process; as, anterior section of the anterolateral ventral crest; aspa, articulation surface with the processus ascendens of the supraoccipital; avc, anterolateral ventral crest; fps, frontoparietal shield; ips, interparietal	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D24A5A33FC95FAFD2412AC19.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829121/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829121	Figure 6. Parietals (continued) – A–B, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), parietal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views (supratemporal processes are broken). C, Pseudopus apodus (PIMUZ A/III0975), parietal in dorsal view. D, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245) in right lateral view. E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), parietal in right lateral view. F, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), parietal in left lateral view. G, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), parietal in left lateral view. H, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), parietal in left lateral view. I, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), parietal in left lateral view. J, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), parietal in left lateral view. K, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), parietal in right lateral view (supratemporal processes are broken). Abbreviations: al, area levis; as, anterior section of the anterolateral ventral crest; aslf, articulation surface with the lappet of the frontal; ca, carina arcuata; ep, epipterygoid process; fps, frontoparietal shield; l, lappet; mc, median crest; pc, parietal crest; pfs, parietal fossa; ps, posterior section of the posterolateral ventral crest. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 6. Parietals (continued) – A–B, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), parietal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views (supratemporal processes are broken). C, Pseudopus apodus (PIMUZ A/III0975), parietal in dorsal view. D, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245) in right lateral view. E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), parietal in right lateral view. F, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), parietal in left lateral view. G, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), parietal in left lateral view. H, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), parietal in left lateral view. I, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), parietal in left lateral view. J, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), parietal in left lateral view. K, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), parietal in right lateral view (supratemporal processes are broken). Abbreviations: al, area levis; as, anterior section of the anterolateral ventral crest; aslf, articulation surface with the lappet of the frontal; ca, carina arcuata; ep, epipterygoid process; fps, frontoparietal shield; l, lappet; mc, median crest; pc, parietal crest; pfs, parietal fossa; ps, posterior section of the posterolateral ventral crest. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D24B5A33FC87FE742443A88F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829119/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829119	Figure 5. Parietals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), parietal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), parietal in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), parietal in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Lacerta schreiberi (UAM.R.S-6), parietal in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), parietal in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), parietal in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), parietal in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), parietal in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), parietal in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), parietal in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views. U–V, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), parietal in dorsal (U) and ventral (V) views.W–X, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), parietal in dorsal (W) and ventral (X) views. Y–Z, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), parietal in dorsal (Y) and ventral (Z) views. Abbreviations: al, area levis; alp, anterolateral process; as, anterior section of the anterolateral ventral crest; aspa, articulation surface with the processus ascendens of the supraoccipital; avc, anterolateral ventral crest; fps, frontoparietal shield; ips, interparietal	Figure 5. Parietals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), parietal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), parietal in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), parietal in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Lacerta schreiberi (UAM.R.S-6), parietal in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), parietal in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), parietal in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), parietal in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), parietal in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), parietal in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), parietal in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views. U–V, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), parietal in dorsal (U) and ventral (V) views.W–X, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), parietal in dorsal (W) and ventral (X) views. Y–Z, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), parietal in dorsal (Y) and ventral (Z) views. Abbreviations: al, area levis; alp, anterolateral process; as, anterior section of the anterolateral ventral crest; aspa, articulation surface with the processus ascendens of the supraoccipital; avc, anterolateral ventral crest; fps, frontoparietal shield; ips, interparietal	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D24B5A33FC87FE742443A88F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829121/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829121	Figure 6. Parietals (continued) – A–B, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), parietal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views (supratemporal processes are broken). C, Pseudopus apodus (PIMUZ A/III0975), parietal in dorsal view. D, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245) in right lateral view. E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), parietal in right lateral view. F, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), parietal in left lateral view. G, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), parietal in left lateral view. H, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), parietal in left lateral view. I, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), parietal in left lateral view. J, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), parietal in left lateral view. K, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), parietal in right lateral view (supratemporal processes are broken). Abbreviations: al, area levis; as, anterior section of the anterolateral ventral crest; aslf, articulation surface with the lappet of the frontal; ca, carina arcuata; ep, epipterygoid process; fps, frontoparietal shield; l, lappet; mc, median crest; pc, parietal crest; pfs, parietal fossa; ps, posterior section of the posterolateral ventral crest. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 6. Parietals (continued) – A–B, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), parietal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views (supratemporal processes are broken). C, Pseudopus apodus (PIMUZ A/III0975), parietal in dorsal view. D, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245) in right lateral view. E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), parietal in right lateral view. F, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), parietal in left lateral view. G, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), parietal in left lateral view. H, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), parietal in left lateral view. I, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), parietal in left lateral view. J, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), parietal in left lateral view. K, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), parietal in right lateral view (supratemporal processes are broken). Abbreviations: al, area levis; as, anterior section of the anterolateral ventral crest; aslf, articulation surface with the lappet of the frontal; ca, carina arcuata; ep, epipterygoid process; fps, frontoparietal shield; l, lappet; mc, median crest; pc, parietal crest; pfs, parietal fossa; ps, posterior section of the posterolateral ventral crest. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D24B5A33FC87FE742443A88F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829113/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829113	Figure 2. Frontals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), frontal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), frontal in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views (the medial process is broken). E–F, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), frontal in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), frontal in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), left frontal in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Po. muralis (MDHC 311), right frontal in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left frontal in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O, Ti. lepidus (MNHN 1991.4242), articulated frontals in dorsal view. P–Q, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), left frontal in dorsal (P) and ventral (Q) views. R–S, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), frontal in dorsal (R) and ventral (S) views. T–U, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right frontal in dorsal (T) and ventral (U) views.V–W, Chalcides striatus (MDHC 404), left frontal in dorsal (V) and ventral (W) views. X–Y, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right frontal in dorsal (X) and ventral (Y) views. Abbreviations: asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asn, articulation surface with the nasal; aspt, articulation surface with the parietal tabs; cc, crista cranii; lblp, lateral branch of the lateral process; lp, lateral process; mblp, medial branch of the lateral process; mp, medial process; pf, parietal foramen; plp, posterolateral process; sffs, sulcus separating frontal and frontoparietal shields. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 2. Frontals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), frontal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), frontal in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views (the medial process is broken). E–F, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), frontal in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), frontal in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), left frontal in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Po. muralis (MDHC 311), right frontal in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left frontal in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O, Ti. lepidus (MNHN 1991.4242), articulated frontals in dorsal view. P–Q, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), left frontal in dorsal (P) and ventral (Q) views. R–S, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), frontal in dorsal (R) and ventral (S) views. T–U, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right frontal in dorsal (T) and ventral (U) views.V–W, Chalcides striatus (MDHC 404), left frontal in dorsal (V) and ventral (W) views. X–Y, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right frontal in dorsal (X) and ventral (Y) views. Abbreviations: asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asn, articulation surface with the nasal; aspt, articulation surface with the parietal tabs; cc, crista cranii; lblp, lateral branch of the lateral process; lp, lateral process; mblp, medial branch of the lateral process; mp, medial process; pf, parietal foramen; plp, posterolateral process; sffs, sulcus separating frontal and frontoparietal shields. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D24B5A31FC87FA032557A87E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829119/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829119	Figure 5. Parietals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), parietal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), parietal in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), parietal in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Lacerta schreiberi (UAM.R.S-6), parietal in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), parietal in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), parietal in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), parietal in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), parietal in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), parietal in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), parietal in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views. U–V, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), parietal in dorsal (U) and ventral (V) views.W–X, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), parietal in dorsal (W) and ventral (X) views. Y–Z, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), parietal in dorsal (Y) and ventral (Z) views. Abbreviations: al, area levis; alp, anterolateral process; as, anterior section of the anterolateral ventral crest; aspa, articulation surface with the processus ascendens of the supraoccipital; avc, anterolateral ventral crest; fps, frontoparietal shield; ips, interparietal	Figure 5. Parietals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), parietal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), parietal in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), parietal in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Lacerta schreiberi (UAM.R.S-6), parietal in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), parietal in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), parietal in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), parietal in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), parietal in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), parietal in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), parietal in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views. U–V, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), parietal in dorsal (U) and ventral (V) views.W–X, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), parietal in dorsal (W) and ventral (X) views. Y–Z, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), parietal in dorsal (Y) and ventral (Z) views. Abbreviations: al, area levis; alp, anterolateral process; as, anterior section of the anterolateral ventral crest; aspa, articulation surface with the processus ascendens of the supraoccipital; avc, anterolateral ventral crest; fps, frontoparietal shield; ips, interparietal	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D24B5A31FC87FA032557A87E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829121/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829121	Figure 6. Parietals (continued) – A–B, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), parietal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views (supratemporal processes are broken). C, Pseudopus apodus (PIMUZ A/III0975), parietal in dorsal view. D, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245) in right lateral view. E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), parietal in right lateral view. F, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), parietal in left lateral view. G, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), parietal in left lateral view. H, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), parietal in left lateral view. I, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), parietal in left lateral view. J, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), parietal in left lateral view. K, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), parietal in right lateral view (supratemporal processes are broken). Abbreviations: al, area levis; as, anterior section of the anterolateral ventral crest; aslf, articulation surface with the lappet of the frontal; ca, carina arcuata; ep, epipterygoid process; fps, frontoparietal shield; l, lappet; mc, median crest; pc, parietal crest; pfs, parietal fossa; ps, posterior section of the posterolateral ventral crest. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 6. Parietals (continued) – A–B, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), parietal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views (supratemporal processes are broken). C, Pseudopus apodus (PIMUZ A/III0975), parietal in dorsal view. D, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245) in right lateral view. E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), parietal in right lateral view. F, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), parietal in left lateral view. G, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), parietal in left lateral view. H, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), parietal in left lateral view. I, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), parietal in left lateral view. J, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), parietal in left lateral view. K, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), parietal in right lateral view (supratemporal processes are broken). Abbreviations: al, area levis; as, anterior section of the anterolateral ventral crest; aslf, articulation surface with the lappet of the frontal; ca, carina arcuata; ep, epipterygoid process; fps, frontoparietal shield; l, lappet; mc, median crest; pc, parietal crest; pfs, parietal fossa; ps, posterior section of the posterolateral ventral crest. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2495A37FC87FA902376AC57.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829119/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829119	Figure 5. Parietals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), parietal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), parietal in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), parietal in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Lacerta schreiberi (UAM.R.S-6), parietal in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), parietal in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), parietal in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), parietal in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), parietal in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), parietal in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), parietal in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views. U–V, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), parietal in dorsal (U) and ventral (V) views.W–X, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), parietal in dorsal (W) and ventral (X) views. Y–Z, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), parietal in dorsal (Y) and ventral (Z) views. Abbreviations: al, area levis; alp, anterolateral process; as, anterior section of the anterolateral ventral crest; aspa, articulation surface with the processus ascendens of the supraoccipital; avc, anterolateral ventral crest; fps, frontoparietal shield; ips, interparietal	Figure 5. Parietals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), parietal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), parietal in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), parietal in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Lacerta schreiberi (UAM.R.S-6), parietal in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), parietal in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), parietal in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), parietal in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), parietal in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), parietal in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), parietal in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views. U–V, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), parietal in dorsal (U) and ventral (V) views.W–X, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), parietal in dorsal (W) and ventral (X) views. Y–Z, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), parietal in dorsal (Y) and ventral (Z) views. Abbreviations: al, area levis; alp, anterolateral process; as, anterior section of the anterolateral ventral crest; aspa, articulation surface with the processus ascendens of the supraoccipital; avc, anterolateral ventral crest; fps, frontoparietal shield; ips, interparietal	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2495A37FC87FA902376AC57.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829121/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829121	Figure 6. Parietals (continued) – A–B, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), parietal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views (supratemporal processes are broken). C, Pseudopus apodus (PIMUZ A/III0975), parietal in dorsal view. D, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245) in right lateral view. E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), parietal in right lateral view. F, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), parietal in left lateral view. G, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), parietal in left lateral view. H, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), parietal in left lateral view. I, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), parietal in left lateral view. J, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), parietal in left lateral view. K, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), parietal in right lateral view (supratemporal processes are broken). Abbreviations: al, area levis; as, anterior section of the anterolateral ventral crest; aslf, articulation surface with the lappet of the frontal; ca, carina arcuata; ep, epipterygoid process; fps, frontoparietal shield; l, lappet; mc, median crest; pc, parietal crest; pfs, parietal fossa; ps, posterior section of the posterolateral ventral crest. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 6. Parietals (continued) – A–B, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), parietal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views (supratemporal processes are broken). C, Pseudopus apodus (PIMUZ A/III0975), parietal in dorsal view. D, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245) in right lateral view. E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), parietal in right lateral view. F, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), parietal in left lateral view. G, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), parietal in left lateral view. H, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), parietal in left lateral view. I, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), parietal in left lateral view. J, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), parietal in left lateral view. K, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), parietal in right lateral view (supratemporal processes are broken). Abbreviations: al, area levis; as, anterior section of the anterolateral ventral crest; aslf, articulation surface with the lappet of the frontal; ca, carina arcuata; ep, epipterygoid process; fps, frontoparietal shield; l, lappet; mc, median crest; pc, parietal crest; pfs, parietal fossa; ps, posterior section of the posterolateral ventral crest. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2495A37FC87FA902376AC57.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829123/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829123	Figure 7. Articulated parietal of Ti. lepidus (MNHN 1991.4242) in dorsal view. Scale bar = 1 mm.	Figure 7. Articulated parietal of Ti. lepidus (MNHN 1991.4242) in dorsal view. Scale bar = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D24F5A37FF1FFEAB22F5A97A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829119/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829119	Figure 5. Parietals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), parietal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), parietal in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), parietal in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Lacerta schreiberi (UAM.R.S-6), parietal in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), parietal in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), parietal in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), parietal in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), parietal in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), parietal in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), parietal in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views. U–V, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), parietal in dorsal (U) and ventral (V) views.W–X, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), parietal in dorsal (W) and ventral (X) views. Y–Z, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), parietal in dorsal (Y) and ventral (Z) views. Abbreviations: al, area levis; alp, anterolateral process; as, anterior section of the anterolateral ventral crest; aspa, articulation surface with the processus ascendens of the supraoccipital; avc, anterolateral ventral crest; fps, frontoparietal shield; ips, interparietal	Figure 5. Parietals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), parietal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), parietal in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), parietal in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Lacerta schreiberi (UAM.R.S-6), parietal in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), parietal in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), parietal in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), parietal in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), parietal in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), parietal in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), parietal in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views. U–V, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), parietal in dorsal (U) and ventral (V) views.W–X, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), parietal in dorsal (W) and ventral (X) views. Y–Z, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), parietal in dorsal (Y) and ventral (Z) views. Abbreviations: al, area levis; alp, anterolateral process; as, anterior section of the anterolateral ventral crest; aspa, articulation surface with the processus ascendens of the supraoccipital; avc, anterolateral ventral crest; fps, frontoparietal shield; ips, interparietal	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D24F5A37FF1FFEAB22F5A97A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829121/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829121	Figure 6. Parietals (continued) – A–B, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), parietal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views (supratemporal processes are broken). C, Pseudopus apodus (PIMUZ A/III0975), parietal in dorsal view. D, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245) in right lateral view. E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), parietal in right lateral view. F, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), parietal in left lateral view. G, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), parietal in left lateral view. H, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), parietal in left lateral view. I, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), parietal in left lateral view. J, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), parietal in left lateral view. K, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), parietal in right lateral view (supratemporal processes are broken). Abbreviations: al, area levis; as, anterior section of the anterolateral ventral crest; aslf, articulation surface with the lappet of the frontal; ca, carina arcuata; ep, epipterygoid process; fps, frontoparietal shield; l, lappet; mc, median crest; pc, parietal crest; pfs, parietal fossa; ps, posterior section of the posterolateral ventral crest. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 6. Parietals (continued) – A–B, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), parietal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views (supratemporal processes are broken). C, Pseudopus apodus (PIMUZ A/III0975), parietal in dorsal view. D, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245) in right lateral view. E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), parietal in right lateral view. F, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), parietal in left lateral view. G, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), parietal in left lateral view. H, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), parietal in left lateral view. I, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), parietal in left lateral view. J, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), parietal in left lateral view. K, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), parietal in right lateral view (supratemporal processes are broken). Abbreviations: al, area levis; as, anterior section of the anterolateral ventral crest; aslf, articulation surface with the lappet of the frontal; ca, carina arcuata; ep, epipterygoid process; fps, frontoparietal shield; l, lappet; mc, median crest; pc, parietal crest; pfs, parietal fossa; ps, posterior section of the posterolateral ventral crest. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D24F5A34FC87FB9425FFABCE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829119/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829119	Figure 5. Parietals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), parietal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), parietal in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), parietal in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Lacerta schreiberi (UAM.R.S-6), parietal in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), parietal in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), parietal in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), parietal in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), parietal in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), parietal in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), parietal in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views. U–V, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), parietal in dorsal (U) and ventral (V) views.W–X, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), parietal in dorsal (W) and ventral (X) views. Y–Z, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), parietal in dorsal (Y) and ventral (Z) views. Abbreviations: al, area levis; alp, anterolateral process; as, anterior section of the anterolateral ventral crest; aspa, articulation surface with the processus ascendens of the supraoccipital; avc, anterolateral ventral crest; fps, frontoparietal shield; ips, interparietal	Figure 5. Parietals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), parietal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), parietal in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), parietal in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Lacerta schreiberi (UAM.R.S-6), parietal in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), parietal in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), parietal in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), parietal in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), parietal in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), parietal in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), parietal in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views. U–V, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), parietal in dorsal (U) and ventral (V) views.W–X, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), parietal in dorsal (W) and ventral (X) views. Y–Z, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), parietal in dorsal (Y) and ventral (Z) views. Abbreviations: al, area levis; alp, anterolateral process; as, anterior section of the anterolateral ventral crest; aspa, articulation surface with the processus ascendens of the supraoccipital; avc, anterolateral ventral crest; fps, frontoparietal shield; ips, interparietal	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D24F5A34FC87FB9425FFABCE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829121/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829121	Figure 6. Parietals (continued) – A–B, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), parietal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views (supratemporal processes are broken). C, Pseudopus apodus (PIMUZ A/III0975), parietal in dorsal view. D, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245) in right lateral view. E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), parietal in right lateral view. F, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), parietal in left lateral view. G, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), parietal in left lateral view. H, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), parietal in left lateral view. I, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), parietal in left lateral view. J, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), parietal in left lateral view. K, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), parietal in right lateral view (supratemporal processes are broken). Abbreviations: al, area levis; as, anterior section of the anterolateral ventral crest; aslf, articulation surface with the lappet of the frontal; ca, carina arcuata; ep, epipterygoid process; fps, frontoparietal shield; l, lappet; mc, median crest; pc, parietal crest; pfs, parietal fossa; ps, posterior section of the posterolateral ventral crest. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 6. Parietals (continued) – A–B, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), parietal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views (supratemporal processes are broken). C, Pseudopus apodus (PIMUZ A/III0975), parietal in dorsal view. D, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245) in right lateral view. E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), parietal in right lateral view. F, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), parietal in left lateral view. G, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), parietal in left lateral view. H, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), parietal in left lateral view. I, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), parietal in left lateral view. J, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), parietal in left lateral view. K, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), parietal in right lateral view (supratemporal processes are broken). Abbreviations: al, area levis; as, anterior section of the anterolateral ventral crest; aslf, articulation surface with the lappet of the frontal; ca, carina arcuata; ep, epipterygoid process; fps, frontoparietal shield; l, lappet; mc, median crest; pc, parietal crest; pfs, parietal fossa; ps, posterior section of the posterolateral ventral crest. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D24F5A34FC87FB9425FFABCE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829127/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829127	Figure 8. Premaxillae – A–C,Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), premaxilla in anterior (A), left lateral (B), and posterior (C) views. D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 721), articulated premaxilla in anterior view. E–H, Ac.erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), premaxilla in anterior (E), posterior (F), left lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. I–L, I. monticola monticola (UAM.R.Lm77), premaxilla in anterior (I), posterior (J), right lateral (K) and dorsal (L) views. M–P, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 15), premaxilla in anterior (M), posterior (N), left lateral (O) and dorsal (P) views. Q–T, Po. waglerianus (MDHC 390), premaxilla in anterior (Q), posterior (R), right lateral (S) and dorsal (T) views. U, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), premaxilla in posterior view. V–Y, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 94), left premaxilla in anterior (V), posterior (W), lateral (X) and dorsal (Y) views.Abbreviations: am, alveolar margin; anp, ascending nasal process; ap, alveolar plate; flc, foramen of the longitudinal canal; ip, incisive process; pp, palatal process; sc, septonasal crest. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 8. Premaxillae – A–C,Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), premaxilla in anterior (A), left lateral (B), and posterior (C) views. D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 721), articulated premaxilla in anterior view. E–H, Ac.erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), premaxilla in anterior (E), posterior (F), left lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. I–L, I. monticola monticola (UAM.R.Lm77), premaxilla in anterior (I), posterior (J), right lateral (K) and dorsal (L) views. M–P, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 15), premaxilla in anterior (M), posterior (N), left lateral (O) and dorsal (P) views. Q–T, Po. waglerianus (MDHC 390), premaxilla in anterior (Q), posterior (R), right lateral (S) and dorsal (T) views. U, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), premaxilla in posterior view. V–Y, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 94), left premaxilla in anterior (V), posterior (W), lateral (X) and dorsal (Y) views.Abbreviations: am, alveolar margin; anp, ascending nasal process; ap, alveolar plate; flc, foramen of the longitudinal canal; ip, incisive process; pp, palatal process; sc, septonasal crest. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D24F5A34FC87FB9425FFABCE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829129/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829129	Figure 9. Premaxillae (continued) – A–D, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right premaxilla in anterior (A), posterior (B), dorsal (C) and lateral (D) views. E–H, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), premaxilla in anterior (E), posterior (F), left lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), premaxilla in anterior (I) and posterior (J) views (the right side of the alveolar plate is broken). Abbreviations: ip, incisive process; mp, maxillary process; n, notch; pp, palatal process; sc, septonasal crest; vp, vomerine process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 9. Premaxillae (continued) – A–D, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right premaxilla in anterior (A), posterior (B), dorsal (C) and lateral (D) views. E–H, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), premaxilla in anterior (E), posterior (F), left lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), premaxilla in anterior (I) and posterior (J) views (the right side of the alveolar plate is broken). Abbreviations: ip, incisive process; mp, maxillary process; n, notch; pp, palatal process; sc, septonasal crest; vp, vomerine process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D24C5A2AFC95F94023C6A8BD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829127/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829127	Figure 8. Premaxillae – A–C,Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), premaxilla in anterior (A), left lateral (B), and posterior (C) views. D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 721), articulated premaxilla in anterior view. E–H, Ac.erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), premaxilla in anterior (E), posterior (F), left lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. I–L, I. monticola monticola (UAM.R.Lm77), premaxilla in anterior (I), posterior (J), right lateral (K) and dorsal (L) views. M–P, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 15), premaxilla in anterior (M), posterior (N), left lateral (O) and dorsal (P) views. Q–T, Po. waglerianus (MDHC 390), premaxilla in anterior (Q), posterior (R), right lateral (S) and dorsal (T) views. U, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), premaxilla in posterior view. V–Y, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 94), left premaxilla in anterior (V), posterior (W), lateral (X) and dorsal (Y) views.Abbreviations: am, alveolar margin; anp, ascending nasal process; ap, alveolar plate; flc, foramen of the longitudinal canal; ip, incisive process; pp, palatal process; sc, septonasal crest. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 8. Premaxillae – A–C,Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), premaxilla in anterior (A), left lateral (B), and posterior (C) views. D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 721), articulated premaxilla in anterior view. E–H, Ac.erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), premaxilla in anterior (E), posterior (F), left lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. I–L, I. monticola monticola (UAM.R.Lm77), premaxilla in anterior (I), posterior (J), right lateral (K) and dorsal (L) views. M–P, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 15), premaxilla in anterior (M), posterior (N), left lateral (O) and dorsal (P) views. Q–T, Po. waglerianus (MDHC 390), premaxilla in anterior (Q), posterior (R), right lateral (S) and dorsal (T) views. U, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), premaxilla in posterior view. V–Y, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 94), left premaxilla in anterior (V), posterior (W), lateral (X) and dorsal (Y) views.Abbreviations: am, alveolar margin; anp, ascending nasal process; ap, alveolar plate; flc, foramen of the longitudinal canal; ip, incisive process; pp, palatal process; sc, septonasal crest. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2525A2AFF2DF9CC23EEAA26.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829127/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829127	Figure 8. Premaxillae – A–C,Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), premaxilla in anterior (A), left lateral (B), and posterior (C) views. D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 721), articulated premaxilla in anterior view. E–H, Ac.erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), premaxilla in anterior (E), posterior (F), left lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. I–L, I. monticola monticola (UAM.R.Lm77), premaxilla in anterior (I), posterior (J), right lateral (K) and dorsal (L) views. M–P, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 15), premaxilla in anterior (M), posterior (N), left lateral (O) and dorsal (P) views. Q–T, Po. waglerianus (MDHC 390), premaxilla in anterior (Q), posterior (R), right lateral (S) and dorsal (T) views. U, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), premaxilla in posterior view. V–Y, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 94), left premaxilla in anterior (V), posterior (W), lateral (X) and dorsal (Y) views.Abbreviations: am, alveolar margin; anp, ascending nasal process; ap, alveolar plate; flc, foramen of the longitudinal canal; ip, incisive process; pp, palatal process; sc, septonasal crest. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 8. Premaxillae – A–C,Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), premaxilla in anterior (A), left lateral (B), and posterior (C) views. D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 721), articulated premaxilla in anterior view. E–H, Ac.erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), premaxilla in anterior (E), posterior (F), left lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. I–L, I. monticola monticola (UAM.R.Lm77), premaxilla in anterior (I), posterior (J), right lateral (K) and dorsal (L) views. M–P, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 15), premaxilla in anterior (M), posterior (N), left lateral (O) and dorsal (P) views. Q–T, Po. waglerianus (MDHC 390), premaxilla in anterior (Q), posterior (R), right lateral (S) and dorsal (T) views. U, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), premaxilla in posterior view. V–Y, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 94), left premaxilla in anterior (V), posterior (W), lateral (X) and dorsal (Y) views.Abbreviations: am, alveolar margin; anp, ascending nasal process; ap, alveolar plate; flc, foramen of the longitudinal canal; ip, incisive process; pp, palatal process; sc, septonasal crest. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2525A2BFC95FBD52062AE32.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829127/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829127	Figure 8. Premaxillae – A–C,Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), premaxilla in anterior (A), left lateral (B), and posterior (C) views. D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 721), articulated premaxilla in anterior view. E–H, Ac.erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), premaxilla in anterior (E), posterior (F), left lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. I–L, I. monticola monticola (UAM.R.Lm77), premaxilla in anterior (I), posterior (J), right lateral (K) and dorsal (L) views. M–P, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 15), premaxilla in anterior (M), posterior (N), left lateral (O) and dorsal (P) views. Q–T, Po. waglerianus (MDHC 390), premaxilla in anterior (Q), posterior (R), right lateral (S) and dorsal (T) views. U, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), premaxilla in posterior view. V–Y, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 94), left premaxilla in anterior (V), posterior (W), lateral (X) and dorsal (Y) views.Abbreviations: am, alveolar margin; anp, ascending nasal process; ap, alveolar plate; flc, foramen of the longitudinal canal; ip, incisive process; pp, palatal process; sc, septonasal crest. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 8. Premaxillae – A–C,Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), premaxilla in anterior (A), left lateral (B), and posterior (C) views. D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 721), articulated premaxilla in anterior view. E–H, Ac.erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), premaxilla in anterior (E), posterior (F), left lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. I–L, I. monticola monticola (UAM.R.Lm77), premaxilla in anterior (I), posterior (J), right lateral (K) and dorsal (L) views. M–P, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 15), premaxilla in anterior (M), posterior (N), left lateral (O) and dorsal (P) views. Q–T, Po. waglerianus (MDHC 390), premaxilla in anterior (Q), posterior (R), right lateral (S) and dorsal (T) views. U, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), premaxilla in posterior view. V–Y, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 94), left premaxilla in anterior (V), posterior (W), lateral (X) and dorsal (Y) views.Abbreviations: am, alveolar margin; anp, ascending nasal process; ap, alveolar plate; flc, foramen of the longitudinal canal; ip, incisive process; pp, palatal process; sc, septonasal crest. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2525A2BFC95FBD52062AE32.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829132/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829132	Figure 10. Detail of the premaxillary dentition of Ti. lepidus MRAC 92-050-R-1, showing bicuspid teeth (white arrows). Scale bar = 1 mm.	Figure 10. Detail of the premaxillary dentition of Ti. lepidus MRAC 92-050-R-1, showing bicuspid teeth (white arrows). Scale bar = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2535A2BFF1FFC4C254CAE96.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829127/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829127	Figure 8. Premaxillae – A–C,Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), premaxilla in anterior (A), left lateral (B), and posterior (C) views. D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 721), articulated premaxilla in anterior view. E–H, Ac.erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), premaxilla in anterior (E), posterior (F), left lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. I–L, I. monticola monticola (UAM.R.Lm77), premaxilla in anterior (I), posterior (J), right lateral (K) and dorsal (L) views. M–P, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 15), premaxilla in anterior (M), posterior (N), left lateral (O) and dorsal (P) views. Q–T, Po. waglerianus (MDHC 390), premaxilla in anterior (Q), posterior (R), right lateral (S) and dorsal (T) views. U, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), premaxilla in posterior view. V–Y, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 94), left premaxilla in anterior (V), posterior (W), lateral (X) and dorsal (Y) views.Abbreviations: am, alveolar margin; anp, ascending nasal process; ap, alveolar plate; flc, foramen of the longitudinal canal; ip, incisive process; pp, palatal process; sc, septonasal crest. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 8. Premaxillae – A–C,Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), premaxilla in anterior (A), left lateral (B), and posterior (C) views. D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 721), articulated premaxilla in anterior view. E–H, Ac.erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), premaxilla in anterior (E), posterior (F), left lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. I–L, I. monticola monticola (UAM.R.Lm77), premaxilla in anterior (I), posterior (J), right lateral (K) and dorsal (L) views. M–P, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 15), premaxilla in anterior (M), posterior (N), left lateral (O) and dorsal (P) views. Q–T, Po. waglerianus (MDHC 390), premaxilla in anterior (Q), posterior (R), right lateral (S) and dorsal (T) views. U, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), premaxilla in posterior view. V–Y, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 94), left premaxilla in anterior (V), posterior (W), lateral (X) and dorsal (Y) views.Abbreviations: am, alveolar margin; anp, ascending nasal process; ap, alveolar plate; flc, foramen of the longitudinal canal; ip, incisive process; pp, palatal process; sc, septonasal crest. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2535A2BFF1FFC4C254CAE96.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829129/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829129	Figure 9. Premaxillae (continued) – A–D, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right premaxilla in anterior (A), posterior (B), dorsal (C) and lateral (D) views. E–H, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), premaxilla in anterior (E), posterior (F), left lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), premaxilla in anterior (I) and posterior (J) views (the right side of the alveolar plate is broken). Abbreviations: ip, incisive process; mp, maxillary process; n, notch; pp, palatal process; sc, septonasal crest; vp, vomerine process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 9. Premaxillae (continued) – A–D, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right premaxilla in anterior (A), posterior (B), dorsal (C) and lateral (D) views. E–H, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), premaxilla in anterior (E), posterior (F), left lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), premaxilla in anterior (I) and posterior (J) views (the right side of the alveolar plate is broken). Abbreviations: ip, incisive process; mp, maxillary process; n, notch; pp, palatal process; sc, septonasal crest; vp, vomerine process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2535A28FC87FBE8230BA8C8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829129/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829129	Figure 9. Premaxillae (continued) – A–D, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right premaxilla in anterior (A), posterior (B), dorsal (C) and lateral (D) views. E–H, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), premaxilla in anterior (E), posterior (F), left lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), premaxilla in anterior (I) and posterior (J) views (the right side of the alveolar plate is broken). Abbreviations: ip, incisive process; mp, maxillary process; n, notch; pp, palatal process; sc, septonasal crest; vp, vomerine process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 9. Premaxillae (continued) – A–D, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right premaxilla in anterior (A), posterior (B), dorsal (C) and lateral (D) views. E–H, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), premaxilla in anterior (E), posterior (F), left lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), premaxilla in anterior (I) and posterior (J) views (the right side of the alveolar plate is broken). Abbreviations: ip, incisive process; mp, maxillary process; n, notch; pp, palatal process; sc, septonasal crest; vp, vomerine process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2535A28FC87FBE8230BA8C8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829134/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829134	Figure 11. Maxillae – A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), left maxilla in lateral (A) and medial (B) views (the maxilla is broken and lacks part of the tooth row). C, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-5), articulated right maxilla in lateral view. D–E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right maxilla in lateral (D) and medial (E) views. F–G, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left maxilla in lateral (F) and medial (G) views. H–I, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 15), right maxilla in lateral (H) and medial (I) views. J, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), right maxilla in lateral view. K–L, Po. melisellensis (NHMW 628), left maxilla in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Psammodromus algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), left maxilla in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O, Ti. lepidus (NHMW 625), right maxilla of a juvenile individual in medial view. Abbreviations: ab, alveolar border; adp, anterior dorsal process; alp, anterolateral process; amp, anteromedial process; ap, alveolar portion; app, anterior premaxillary process; ar, arched ridge; fp, facial process; l, lappet; pp, posterior process; ppj, posterodorsal projection; ps, palatal shelf; r, ridge; sp, spur; vlf, ventrolateral foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 11. Maxillae – A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), left maxilla in lateral (A) and medial (B) views (the maxilla is broken and lacks part of the tooth row). C, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-5), articulated right maxilla in lateral view. D–E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right maxilla in lateral (D) and medial (E) views. F–G, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left maxilla in lateral (F) and medial (G) views. H–I, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 15), right maxilla in lateral (H) and medial (I) views. J, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), right maxilla in lateral view. K–L, Po. melisellensis (NHMW 628), left maxilla in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Psammodromus algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), left maxilla in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O, Ti. lepidus (NHMW 625), right maxilla of a juvenile individual in medial view. Abbreviations: ab, alveolar border; adp, anterior dorsal process; alp, anterolateral process; amp, anteromedial process; ap, alveolar portion; app, anterior premaxillary process; ar, arched ridge; fp, facial process; l, lappet; pp, posterior process; ppj, posterodorsal projection; ps, palatal shelf; r, ridge; sp, spur; vlf, ventrolateral foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2535A28FC87FBE8230BA8C8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829136/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829136	Figure 12. Maxillae (continued) – A–B, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), left maxilla in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left maxilla in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right maxilla in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G–H, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right maxilla in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. I–J, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left maxilla in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right maxilla in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right maxilla in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left maxilla in lateral (O) and medial (P) views (the anterior tip of the anteromedial process is broken and there is a pathologically-growth tooth). Q, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left maxilla in dorsal view. R, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), right maxilla in dorsal view. S, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right maxilla in medial view.T, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right maxilla in dorsal view. U, Ophiomorus punctatissimus	Figure 12. Maxillae (continued) – A–B, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), left maxilla in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left maxilla in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right maxilla in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G–H, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right maxilla in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. I–J, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left maxilla in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right maxilla in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right maxilla in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left maxilla in lateral (O) and medial (P) views (the anterior tip of the anteromedial process is broken and there is a pathologically-growth tooth). Q, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left maxilla in dorsal view. R, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), right maxilla in dorsal view. S, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right maxilla in medial view.T, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right maxilla in dorsal view. U, Ophiomorus punctatissimus	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2505A28FF2DFA452431A9DD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829134/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829134	Figure 11. Maxillae – A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), left maxilla in lateral (A) and medial (B) views (the maxilla is broken and lacks part of the tooth row). C, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-5), articulated right maxilla in lateral view. D–E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right maxilla in lateral (D) and medial (E) views. F–G, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left maxilla in lateral (F) and medial (G) views. H–I, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 15), right maxilla in lateral (H) and medial (I) views. J, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), right maxilla in lateral view. K–L, Po. melisellensis (NHMW 628), left maxilla in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Psammodromus algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), left maxilla in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O, Ti. lepidus (NHMW 625), right maxilla of a juvenile individual in medial view. Abbreviations: ab, alveolar border; adp, anterior dorsal process; alp, anterolateral process; amp, anteromedial process; ap, alveolar portion; app, anterior premaxillary process; ar, arched ridge; fp, facial process; l, lappet; pp, posterior process; ppj, posterodorsal projection; ps, palatal shelf; r, ridge; sp, spur; vlf, ventrolateral foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 11. Maxillae – A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), left maxilla in lateral (A) and medial (B) views (the maxilla is broken and lacks part of the tooth row). C, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-5), articulated right maxilla in lateral view. D–E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right maxilla in lateral (D) and medial (E) views. F–G, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left maxilla in lateral (F) and medial (G) views. H–I, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 15), right maxilla in lateral (H) and medial (I) views. J, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), right maxilla in lateral view. K–L, Po. melisellensis (NHMW 628), left maxilla in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Psammodromus algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), left maxilla in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O, Ti. lepidus (NHMW 625), right maxilla of a juvenile individual in medial view. Abbreviations: ab, alveolar border; adp, anterior dorsal process; alp, anterolateral process; amp, anteromedial process; ap, alveolar portion; app, anterior premaxillary process; ar, arched ridge; fp, facial process; l, lappet; pp, posterior process; ppj, posterodorsal projection; ps, palatal shelf; r, ridge; sp, spur; vlf, ventrolateral foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2505A29FC95FB3025F9AB9B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829134/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829134	Figure 11. Maxillae – A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), left maxilla in lateral (A) and medial (B) views (the maxilla is broken and lacks part of the tooth row). C, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-5), articulated right maxilla in lateral view. D–E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right maxilla in lateral (D) and medial (E) views. F–G, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left maxilla in lateral (F) and medial (G) views. H–I, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 15), right maxilla in lateral (H) and medial (I) views. J, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), right maxilla in lateral view. K–L, Po. melisellensis (NHMW 628), left maxilla in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Psammodromus algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), left maxilla in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O, Ti. lepidus (NHMW 625), right maxilla of a juvenile individual in medial view. Abbreviations: ab, alveolar border; adp, anterior dorsal process; alp, anterolateral process; amp, anteromedial process; ap, alveolar portion; app, anterior premaxillary process; ar, arched ridge; fp, facial process; l, lappet; pp, posterior process; ppj, posterodorsal projection; ps, palatal shelf; r, ridge; sp, spur; vlf, ventrolateral foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 11. Maxillae – A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), left maxilla in lateral (A) and medial (B) views (the maxilla is broken and lacks part of the tooth row). C, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-5), articulated right maxilla in lateral view. D–E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right maxilla in lateral (D) and medial (E) views. F–G, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left maxilla in lateral (F) and medial (G) views. H–I, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 15), right maxilla in lateral (H) and medial (I) views. J, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), right maxilla in lateral view. K–L, Po. melisellensis (NHMW 628), left maxilla in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Psammodromus algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), left maxilla in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O, Ti. lepidus (NHMW 625), right maxilla of a juvenile individual in medial view. Abbreviations: ab, alveolar border; adp, anterior dorsal process; alp, anterolateral process; amp, anteromedial process; ap, alveolar portion; app, anterior premaxillary process; ar, arched ridge; fp, facial process; l, lappet; pp, posterior process; ppj, posterodorsal projection; ps, palatal shelf; r, ridge; sp, spur; vlf, ventrolateral foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2515A2FFC87F8E822CAA8EE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829134/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829134	Figure 11. Maxillae – A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), left maxilla in lateral (A) and medial (B) views (the maxilla is broken and lacks part of the tooth row). C, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-5), articulated right maxilla in lateral view. D–E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right maxilla in lateral (D) and medial (E) views. F–G, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left maxilla in lateral (F) and medial (G) views. H–I, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 15), right maxilla in lateral (H) and medial (I) views. J, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), right maxilla in lateral view. K–L, Po. melisellensis (NHMW 628), left maxilla in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Psammodromus algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), left maxilla in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O, Ti. lepidus (NHMW 625), right maxilla of a juvenile individual in medial view. Abbreviations: ab, alveolar border; adp, anterior dorsal process; alp, anterolateral process; amp, anteromedial process; ap, alveolar portion; app, anterior premaxillary process; ar, arched ridge; fp, facial process; l, lappet; pp, posterior process; ppj, posterodorsal projection; ps, palatal shelf; r, ridge; sp, spur; vlf, ventrolateral foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 11. Maxillae – A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), left maxilla in lateral (A) and medial (B) views (the maxilla is broken and lacks part of the tooth row). C, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-5), articulated right maxilla in lateral view. D–E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right maxilla in lateral (D) and medial (E) views. F–G, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left maxilla in lateral (F) and medial (G) views. H–I, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 15), right maxilla in lateral (H) and medial (I) views. J, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), right maxilla in lateral view. K–L, Po. melisellensis (NHMW 628), left maxilla in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Psammodromus algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), left maxilla in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O, Ti. lepidus (NHMW 625), right maxilla of a juvenile individual in medial view. Abbreviations: ab, alveolar border; adp, anterior dorsal process; alp, anterolateral process; amp, anteromedial process; ap, alveolar portion; app, anterior premaxillary process; ar, arched ridge; fp, facial process; l, lappet; pp, posterior process; ppj, posterodorsal projection; ps, palatal shelf; r, ridge; sp, spur; vlf, ventrolateral foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2515A2FFC87F8E822CAA8EE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829136/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829136	Figure 12. Maxillae (continued) – A–B, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), left maxilla in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left maxilla in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right maxilla in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G–H, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right maxilla in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. I–J, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left maxilla in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right maxilla in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right maxilla in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left maxilla in lateral (O) and medial (P) views (the anterior tip of the anteromedial process is broken and there is a pathologically-growth tooth). Q, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left maxilla in dorsal view. R, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), right maxilla in dorsal view. S, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right maxilla in medial view.T, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right maxilla in dorsal view. U, Ophiomorus punctatissimus	Figure 12. Maxillae (continued) – A–B, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), left maxilla in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left maxilla in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right maxilla in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G–H, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right maxilla in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. I–J, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left maxilla in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right maxilla in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right maxilla in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left maxilla in lateral (O) and medial (P) views (the anterior tip of the anteromedial process is broken and there is a pathologically-growth tooth). Q, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left maxilla in dorsal view. R, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), right maxilla in dorsal view. S, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right maxilla in medial view.T, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right maxilla in dorsal view. U, Ophiomorus punctatissimus	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2515A2FFC87F8E822CAA8EE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829138/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829138	Figure 13. Detail of the hyperthrophied dentition of Ti. lepidus NHMW 681 (not to scale).	Figure 13. Detail of the hyperthrophied dentition of Ti. lepidus NHMW 681 (not to scale).	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2575A2CFC87FA252567ACA0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829136/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829136	Figure 12. Maxillae (continued) – A–B, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), left maxilla in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left maxilla in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right maxilla in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G–H, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right maxilla in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. I–J, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left maxilla in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right maxilla in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right maxilla in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left maxilla in lateral (O) and medial (P) views (the anterior tip of the anteromedial process is broken and there is a pathologically-growth tooth). Q, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left maxilla in dorsal view. R, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), right maxilla in dorsal view. S, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right maxilla in medial view.T, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right maxilla in dorsal view. U, Ophiomorus punctatissimus	Figure 12. Maxillae (continued) – A–B, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), left maxilla in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left maxilla in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right maxilla in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G–H, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right maxilla in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. I–J, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left maxilla in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right maxilla in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right maxilla in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left maxilla in lateral (O) and medial (P) views (the anterior tip of the anteromedial process is broken and there is a pathologically-growth tooth). Q, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left maxilla in dorsal view. R, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), right maxilla in dorsal view. S, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right maxilla in medial view.T, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right maxilla in dorsal view. U, Ophiomorus punctatissimus	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2545A2DFC95FDD02464AF8C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829136/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829136	Figure 12. Maxillae (continued) – A–B, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), left maxilla in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left maxilla in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right maxilla in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G–H, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right maxilla in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. I–J, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left maxilla in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right maxilla in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right maxilla in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left maxilla in lateral (O) and medial (P) views (the anterior tip of the anteromedial process is broken and there is a pathologically-growth tooth). Q, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left maxilla in dorsal view. R, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), right maxilla in dorsal view. S, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right maxilla in medial view.T, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right maxilla in dorsal view. U, Ophiomorus punctatissimus	Figure 12. Maxillae (continued) – A–B, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), left maxilla in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left maxilla in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right maxilla in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G–H, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right maxilla in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. I–J, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left maxilla in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right maxilla in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right maxilla in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left maxilla in lateral (O) and medial (P) views (the anterior tip of the anteromedial process is broken and there is a pathologically-growth tooth). Q, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left maxilla in dorsal view. R, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), right maxilla in dorsal view. S, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right maxilla in medial view.T, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right maxilla in dorsal view. U, Ophiomorus punctatissimus	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2545A2DFC95FDD02464AF8C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829140/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829140	Figure 14. Prefrontals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-5), right prefrontal in dorsal (A) and dorsolateral (B) views. C, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), right prefrontal in posterior view. D–E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left prefrontal in dorsal (D) and medial (E) views. F–H, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), left prefrontal in dorsal (F), lateral (G) and posterior (H) views. I–K, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), right prefrontal in dorsal (I), posterior (J) and lateral (K) views. L–N, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left prefrontal in dorsal (L), posterior (M) and lateral (N) views. O–Q, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right prefrontal in dorsal (O), posterior (P) and lateral (Q) views. R–T, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left prefrontal in dorsal (R), posterior (S) and lateral (T) views. U–W, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left prefrontal in dorsal (U), posterior (V) and lateral (W) views. X–Z, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left prefrontal in dorsal (X), posterior (Y) and lateral (Z) views. Abbreviations: adp, anterodorsal process; dp, dorsal process; n, notch of the lacrimal foramen; ofp, orbitonasal flange projection; onf, orbitonasal flange; pc, palpebral crest; pj, projection; pvp, posteroventral process; t, tubercle. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 14. Prefrontals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-5), right prefrontal in dorsal (A) and dorsolateral (B) views. C, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), right prefrontal in posterior view. D–E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left prefrontal in dorsal (D) and medial (E) views. F–H, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), left prefrontal in dorsal (F), lateral (G) and posterior (H) views. I–K, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), right prefrontal in dorsal (I), posterior (J) and lateral (K) views. L–N, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left prefrontal in dorsal (L), posterior (M) and lateral (N) views. O–Q, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right prefrontal in dorsal (O), posterior (P) and lateral (Q) views. R–T, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left prefrontal in dorsal (R), posterior (S) and lateral (T) views. U–W, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left prefrontal in dorsal (U), posterior (V) and lateral (W) views. X–Z, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left prefrontal in dorsal (X), posterior (Y) and lateral (Z) views. Abbreviations: adp, anterodorsal process; dp, dorsal process; n, notch of the lacrimal foramen; ofp, orbitonasal flange projection; onf, orbitonasal flange; pc, palpebral crest; pj, projection; pvp, posteroventral process; t, tubercle. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D25A5A22FF2DFF3F2392AE65.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829140/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829140	Figure 14. Prefrontals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-5), right prefrontal in dorsal (A) and dorsolateral (B) views. C, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), right prefrontal in posterior view. D–E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left prefrontal in dorsal (D) and medial (E) views. F–H, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), left prefrontal in dorsal (F), lateral (G) and posterior (H) views. I–K, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), right prefrontal in dorsal (I), posterior (J) and lateral (K) views. L–N, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left prefrontal in dorsal (L), posterior (M) and lateral (N) views. O–Q, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right prefrontal in dorsal (O), posterior (P) and lateral (Q) views. R–T, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left prefrontal in dorsal (R), posterior (S) and lateral (T) views. U–W, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left prefrontal in dorsal (U), posterior (V) and lateral (W) views. X–Z, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left prefrontal in dorsal (X), posterior (Y) and lateral (Z) views. Abbreviations: adp, anterodorsal process; dp, dorsal process; n, notch of the lacrimal foramen; ofp, orbitonasal flange projection; onf, orbitonasal flange; pc, palpebral crest; pj, projection; pvp, posteroventral process; t, tubercle. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 14. Prefrontals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-5), right prefrontal in dorsal (A) and dorsolateral (B) views. C, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), right prefrontal in posterior view. D–E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left prefrontal in dorsal (D) and medial (E) views. F–H, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), left prefrontal in dorsal (F), lateral (G) and posterior (H) views. I–K, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), right prefrontal in dorsal (I), posterior (J) and lateral (K) views. L–N, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left prefrontal in dorsal (L), posterior (M) and lateral (N) views. O–Q, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right prefrontal in dorsal (O), posterior (P) and lateral (Q) views. R–T, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left prefrontal in dorsal (R), posterior (S) and lateral (T) views. U–W, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left prefrontal in dorsal (U), posterior (V) and lateral (W) views. X–Z, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left prefrontal in dorsal (X), posterior (Y) and lateral (Z) views. Abbreviations: adp, anterodorsal process; dp, dorsal process; n, notch of the lacrimal foramen; ofp, orbitonasal flange projection; onf, orbitonasal flange; pc, palpebral crest; pj, projection; pvp, posteroventral process; t, tubercle. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D25A5A22FF2DFC9923E6AA17.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829140/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829140	Figure 14. Prefrontals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-5), right prefrontal in dorsal (A) and dorsolateral (B) views. C, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), right prefrontal in posterior view. D–E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left prefrontal in dorsal (D) and medial (E) views. F–H, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), left prefrontal in dorsal (F), lateral (G) and posterior (H) views. I–K, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), right prefrontal in dorsal (I), posterior (J) and lateral (K) views. L–N, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left prefrontal in dorsal (L), posterior (M) and lateral (N) views. O–Q, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right prefrontal in dorsal (O), posterior (P) and lateral (Q) views. R–T, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left prefrontal in dorsal (R), posterior (S) and lateral (T) views. U–W, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left prefrontal in dorsal (U), posterior (V) and lateral (W) views. X–Z, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left prefrontal in dorsal (X), posterior (Y) and lateral (Z) views. Abbreviations: adp, anterodorsal process; dp, dorsal process; n, notch of the lacrimal foramen; ofp, orbitonasal flange projection; onf, orbitonasal flange; pc, palpebral crest; pj, projection; pvp, posteroventral process; t, tubercle. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 14. Prefrontals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-5), right prefrontal in dorsal (A) and dorsolateral (B) views. C, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), right prefrontal in posterior view. D–E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left prefrontal in dorsal (D) and medial (E) views. F–H, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), left prefrontal in dorsal (F), lateral (G) and posterior (H) views. I–K, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), right prefrontal in dorsal (I), posterior (J) and lateral (K) views. L–N, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left prefrontal in dorsal (L), posterior (M) and lateral (N) views. O–Q, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right prefrontal in dorsal (O), posterior (P) and lateral (Q) views. R–T, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left prefrontal in dorsal (R), posterior (S) and lateral (T) views. U–W, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left prefrontal in dorsal (U), posterior (V) and lateral (W) views. X–Z, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left prefrontal in dorsal (X), posterior (Y) and lateral (Z) views. Abbreviations: adp, anterodorsal process; dp, dorsal process; n, notch of the lacrimal foramen; ofp, orbitonasal flange projection; onf, orbitonasal flange; pc, palpebral crest; pj, projection; pvp, posteroventral process; t, tubercle. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D25A5A22FF2DFC9923E6AA17.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829142/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829142	Figure 15. Articulated skull of Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 721) in lateral view, showing the lateral process of the prefrontal (lp) and the lacrimal foramen (lf). Scale bar = 1 mm.	Figure 15. Articulated skull of Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 721) in lateral view, showing the lateral process of the prefrontal (lp) and the lacrimal foramen (lf). Scale bar = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D25A5A23FC95FB802346AC57.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829140/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829140	Figure 14. Prefrontals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-5), right prefrontal in dorsal (A) and dorsolateral (B) views. C, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), right prefrontal in posterior view. D–E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left prefrontal in dorsal (D) and medial (E) views. F–H, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), left prefrontal in dorsal (F), lateral (G) and posterior (H) views. I–K, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), right prefrontal in dorsal (I), posterior (J) and lateral (K) views. L–N, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left prefrontal in dorsal (L), posterior (M) and lateral (N) views. O–Q, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right prefrontal in dorsal (O), posterior (P) and lateral (Q) views. R–T, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left prefrontal in dorsal (R), posterior (S) and lateral (T) views. U–W, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left prefrontal in dorsal (U), posterior (V) and lateral (W) views. X–Z, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left prefrontal in dorsal (X), posterior (Y) and lateral (Z) views. Abbreviations: adp, anterodorsal process; dp, dorsal process; n, notch of the lacrimal foramen; ofp, orbitonasal flange projection; onf, orbitonasal flange; pc, palpebral crest; pj, projection; pvp, posteroventral process; t, tubercle. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 14. Prefrontals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-5), right prefrontal in dorsal (A) and dorsolateral (B) views. C, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), right prefrontal in posterior view. D–E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left prefrontal in dorsal (D) and medial (E) views. F–H, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), left prefrontal in dorsal (F), lateral (G) and posterior (H) views. I–K, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), right prefrontal in dorsal (I), posterior (J) and lateral (K) views. L–N, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left prefrontal in dorsal (L), posterior (M) and lateral (N) views. O–Q, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right prefrontal in dorsal (O), posterior (P) and lateral (Q) views. R–T, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left prefrontal in dorsal (R), posterior (S) and lateral (T) views. U–W, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left prefrontal in dorsal (U), posterior (V) and lateral (W) views. X–Z, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left prefrontal in dorsal (X), posterior (Y) and lateral (Z) views. Abbreviations: adp, anterodorsal process; dp, dorsal process; n, notch of the lacrimal foramen; ofp, orbitonasal flange projection; onf, orbitonasal flange; pc, palpebral crest; pj, projection; pvp, posteroventral process; t, tubercle. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D25B5A23FC87FEAB2594AED7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829144/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829144	Figure 16. Jugals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), left jugal in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left jugal in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left jugal in lateral (E) and medial (F) views (the dorsal margin of the anterior process is damaged). G–H, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), left jugal in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. I–J, Psammodromuss algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), right jugal in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), right jugal in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right jugal in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left jugal in lateral (O) and medial (P) views. Q–R, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left jugal in lateral (Q) and medial (R) views. S–T, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right jugal in lateral (S) and medial (T) views. U–V, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left jugal in lateral (U) and medial (V) views. Abbreviations: ap, anterior process; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; aspo, articulation surface with the postorbital; mp, medial process; pdp, posterodorsal process; pp, palatal process; qjp, quadratojugal process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 16. Jugals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), left jugal in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left jugal in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left jugal in lateral (E) and medial (F) views (the dorsal margin of the anterior process is damaged). G–H, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), left jugal in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. I–J, Psammodromuss algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), right jugal in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), right jugal in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right jugal in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left jugal in lateral (O) and medial (P) views. Q–R, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left jugal in lateral (Q) and medial (R) views. S–T, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right jugal in lateral (S) and medial (T) views. U–V, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left jugal in lateral (U) and medial (V) views. Abbreviations: ap, anterior process; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; aspo, articulation surface with the postorbital; mp, medial process; pdp, posterodorsal process; pp, palatal process; qjp, quadratojugal process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D25B5A23FF1FFB7325C7AC57.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829140/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829140	Figure 14. Prefrontals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-5), right prefrontal in dorsal (A) and dorsolateral (B) views. C, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), right prefrontal in posterior view. D–E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left prefrontal in dorsal (D) and medial (E) views. F–H, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), left prefrontal in dorsal (F), lateral (G) and posterior (H) views. I–K, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), right prefrontal in dorsal (I), posterior (J) and lateral (K) views. L–N, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left prefrontal in dorsal (L), posterior (M) and lateral (N) views. O–Q, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right prefrontal in dorsal (O), posterior (P) and lateral (Q) views. R–T, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left prefrontal in dorsal (R), posterior (S) and lateral (T) views. U–W, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left prefrontal in dorsal (U), posterior (V) and lateral (W) views. X–Z, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left prefrontal in dorsal (X), posterior (Y) and lateral (Z) views. Abbreviations: adp, anterodorsal process; dp, dorsal process; n, notch of the lacrimal foramen; ofp, orbitonasal flange projection; onf, orbitonasal flange; pc, palpebral crest; pj, projection; pvp, posteroventral process; t, tubercle. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 14. Prefrontals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-5), right prefrontal in dorsal (A) and dorsolateral (B) views. C, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), right prefrontal in posterior view. D–E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left prefrontal in dorsal (D) and medial (E) views. F–H, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), left prefrontal in dorsal (F), lateral (G) and posterior (H) views. I–K, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), right prefrontal in dorsal (I), posterior (J) and lateral (K) views. L–N, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left prefrontal in dorsal (L), posterior (M) and lateral (N) views. O–Q, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right prefrontal in dorsal (O), posterior (P) and lateral (Q) views. R–T, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left prefrontal in dorsal (R), posterior (S) and lateral (T) views. U–W, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left prefrontal in dorsal (U), posterior (V) and lateral (W) views. X–Z, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left prefrontal in dorsal (X), posterior (Y) and lateral (Z) views. Abbreviations: adp, anterodorsal process; dp, dorsal process; n, notch of the lacrimal foramen; ofp, orbitonasal flange projection; onf, orbitonasal flange; pc, palpebral crest; pj, projection; pvp, posteroventral process; t, tubercle. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D25B5A23FF1FFB7325C7AC57.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829144/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829144	Figure 16. Jugals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), left jugal in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left jugal in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left jugal in lateral (E) and medial (F) views (the dorsal margin of the anterior process is damaged). G–H, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), left jugal in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. I–J, Psammodromuss algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), right jugal in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), right jugal in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right jugal in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left jugal in lateral (O) and medial (P) views. Q–R, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left jugal in lateral (Q) and medial (R) views. S–T, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right jugal in lateral (S) and medial (T) views. U–V, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left jugal in lateral (U) and medial (V) views. Abbreviations: ap, anterior process; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; aspo, articulation surface with the postorbital; mp, medial process; pdp, posterodorsal process; pp, palatal process; qjp, quadratojugal process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 16. Jugals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), left jugal in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left jugal in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left jugal in lateral (E) and medial (F) views (the dorsal margin of the anterior process is damaged). G–H, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), left jugal in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. I–J, Psammodromuss algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), right jugal in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), right jugal in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right jugal in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left jugal in lateral (O) and medial (P) views. Q–R, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left jugal in lateral (Q) and medial (R) views. S–T, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right jugal in lateral (S) and medial (T) views. U–V, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left jugal in lateral (U) and medial (V) views. Abbreviations: ap, anterior process; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; aspo, articulation surface with the postorbital; mp, medial process; pdp, posterodorsal process; pp, palatal process; qjp, quadratojugal process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D25B5A23FC87FC2B25D0A82F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829144/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829144	Figure 16. Jugals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), left jugal in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left jugal in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left jugal in lateral (E) and medial (F) views (the dorsal margin of the anterior process is damaged). G–H, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), left jugal in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. I–J, Psammodromuss algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), right jugal in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), right jugal in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right jugal in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left jugal in lateral (O) and medial (P) views. Q–R, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left jugal in lateral (Q) and medial (R) views. S–T, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right jugal in lateral (S) and medial (T) views. U–V, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left jugal in lateral (U) and medial (V) views. Abbreviations: ap, anterior process; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; aspo, articulation surface with the postorbital; mp, medial process; pdp, posterodorsal process; pp, palatal process; qjp, quadratojugal process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 16. Jugals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), left jugal in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left jugal in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left jugal in lateral (E) and medial (F) views (the dorsal margin of the anterior process is damaged). G–H, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), left jugal in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. I–J, Psammodromuss algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), right jugal in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), right jugal in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right jugal in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left jugal in lateral (O) and medial (P) views. Q–R, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left jugal in lateral (Q) and medial (R) views. S–T, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right jugal in lateral (S) and medial (T) views. U–V, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left jugal in lateral (U) and medial (V) views. Abbreviations: ap, anterior process; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; aspo, articulation surface with the postorbital; mp, medial process; pdp, posterodorsal process; pp, palatal process; qjp, quadratojugal process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D25B5A20FC87FA612453ABD4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829144/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829144	Figure 16. Jugals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), left jugal in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left jugal in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left jugal in lateral (E) and medial (F) views (the dorsal margin of the anterior process is damaged). G–H, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), left jugal in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. I–J, Psammodromuss algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), right jugal in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), right jugal in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right jugal in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left jugal in lateral (O) and medial (P) views. Q–R, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left jugal in lateral (Q) and medial (R) views. S–T, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right jugal in lateral (S) and medial (T) views. U–V, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left jugal in lateral (U) and medial (V) views. Abbreviations: ap, anterior process; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; aspo, articulation surface with the postorbital; mp, medial process; pdp, posterodorsal process; pp, palatal process; qjp, quadratojugal process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 16. Jugals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), left jugal in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left jugal in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left jugal in lateral (E) and medial (F) views (the dorsal margin of the anterior process is damaged). G–H, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), left jugal in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. I–J, Psammodromuss algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), right jugal in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), right jugal in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right jugal in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left jugal in lateral (O) and medial (P) views. Q–R, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left jugal in lateral (Q) and medial (R) views. S–T, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right jugal in lateral (S) and medial (T) views. U–V, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left jugal in lateral (U) and medial (V) views. Abbreviations: ap, anterior process; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; aspo, articulation surface with the postorbital; mp, medial process; pdp, posterodorsal process; pp, palatal process; qjp, quadratojugal process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D25B5A20FC87FA612453ABD4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829146/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829146	Figure 17. Dorsal view of theright jugal of Psammodromus algirus (UAM.R.Ps9) (A), Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216) (B) and Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102) (C), displaying different developments of the medial process (white arrows): well developed (A), poorly developed/almost indistinct (B) and absent (C). Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 17. Dorsal view of theright jugal of Psammodromus algirus (UAM.R.Ps9) (A), Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216) (B) and Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102) (C), displaying different developments of the medial process (white arrows): well developed (A), poorly developed/almost indistinct (B) and absent (C). Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D25B5A20FC87FA612453ABD4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829148/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829148	Figure 18. Right jugal of NHMW 625, a young individual of Ti. lepidus, in medial view. Note the anterior process, which is longer than the posterodorsal one. Scale bar = 1 mm.	Figure 18. Right jugal of NHMW 625, a young individual of Ti. lepidus, in medial view. Note the anterior process, which is longer than the posterodorsal one. Scale bar = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D25B5A23FF1FFEAB222FA91F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829140/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829140	Figure 14. Prefrontals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-5), right prefrontal in dorsal (A) and dorsolateral (B) views. C, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), right prefrontal in posterior view. D–E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left prefrontal in dorsal (D) and medial (E) views. F–H, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), left prefrontal in dorsal (F), lateral (G) and posterior (H) views. I–K, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), right prefrontal in dorsal (I), posterior (J) and lateral (K) views. L–N, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left prefrontal in dorsal (L), posterior (M) and lateral (N) views. O–Q, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right prefrontal in dorsal (O), posterior (P) and lateral (Q) views. R–T, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left prefrontal in dorsal (R), posterior (S) and lateral (T) views. U–W, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left prefrontal in dorsal (U), posterior (V) and lateral (W) views. X–Z, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left prefrontal in dorsal (X), posterior (Y) and lateral (Z) views. Abbreviations: adp, anterodorsal process; dp, dorsal process; n, notch of the lacrimal foramen; ofp, orbitonasal flange projection; onf, orbitonasal flange; pc, palpebral crest; pj, projection; pvp, posteroventral process; t, tubercle. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 14. Prefrontals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-5), right prefrontal in dorsal (A) and dorsolateral (B) views. C, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), right prefrontal in posterior view. D–E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left prefrontal in dorsal (D) and medial (E) views. F–H, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), left prefrontal in dorsal (F), lateral (G) and posterior (H) views. I–K, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), right prefrontal in dorsal (I), posterior (J) and lateral (K) views. L–N, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left prefrontal in dorsal (L), posterior (M) and lateral (N) views. O–Q, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right prefrontal in dorsal (O), posterior (P) and lateral (Q) views. R–T, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left prefrontal in dorsal (R), posterior (S) and lateral (T) views. U–W, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left prefrontal in dorsal (U), posterior (V) and lateral (W) views. X–Z, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left prefrontal in dorsal (X), posterior (Y) and lateral (Z) views. Abbreviations: adp, anterodorsal process; dp, dorsal process; n, notch of the lacrimal foramen; ofp, orbitonasal flange projection; onf, orbitonasal flange; pc, palpebral crest; pj, projection; pvp, posteroventral process; t, tubercle. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2585A21FC95F92E2220AA2C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829144/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829144	Figure 16. Jugals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), left jugal in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left jugal in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left jugal in lateral (E) and medial (F) views (the dorsal margin of the anterior process is damaged). G–H, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), left jugal in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. I–J, Psammodromuss algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), right jugal in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), right jugal in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right jugal in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left jugal in lateral (O) and medial (P) views. Q–R, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left jugal in lateral (Q) and medial (R) views. S–T, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right jugal in lateral (S) and medial (T) views. U–V, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left jugal in lateral (U) and medial (V) views. Abbreviations: ap, anterior process; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; aspo, articulation surface with the postorbital; mp, medial process; pdp, posterodorsal process; pp, palatal process; qjp, quadratojugal process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 16. Jugals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), left jugal in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left jugal in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left jugal in lateral (E) and medial (F) views (the dorsal margin of the anterior process is damaged). G–H, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), left jugal in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. I–J, Psammodromuss algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), right jugal in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), right jugal in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right jugal in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left jugal in lateral (O) and medial (P) views. Q–R, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left jugal in lateral (Q) and medial (R) views. S–T, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right jugal in lateral (S) and medial (T) views. U–V, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left jugal in lateral (U) and medial (V) views. Abbreviations: ap, anterior process; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; aspo, articulation surface with the postorbital; mp, medial process; pdp, posterodorsal process; pp, palatal process; qjp, quadratojugal process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2595A27FC87F8F023FBAF89.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829150/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829150	Figure 19. Postfrontals, postorbitals and postorbitofrontals. A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right postorbital in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left postorbital in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), left postorbital in dorsal view. F–G, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), right postfrontal in dorsal (F) and ventral (G) views. H–I, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), right postfrontal in dorsal (H) and ventral (I) views. J–K, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), right postfrontal in dorsal (J) and ventral (K) views. L, I. bonnali (UAM.R.Lm28A), left postorbital in ventral view. M–N, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), right postorbital in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Psammodromus algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), right postorbitofrontal in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right postfrontal in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left postfrontal in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views. U–V, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left postfrontal in dorsal (U) and ventral (V) views. W–X, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right postfrontal in dorsal (W) and ventral (X) views. Y–Z, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right prefrontal in dorsal (Y) and ventral (Z) views. AA–AB, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left postorbital in dorsal (AA) and ventral (AB) views. AC–AD, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left postorbital in dorsal (AC) and ventral (AD) views. AE–AF, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right postfrontal in dorsal (AE) and ventral (AF) views. AG–AH, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left postfrontal in dorsal (AG) and ventral (AH) views. AI, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), right postorbital in dorsal view. Abbreviations: alp, anterolateral process; amp, anteromedial process; ap, anterior process;	Figure 19. Postfrontals, postorbitals and postorbitofrontals. A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right postorbital in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left postorbital in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), left postorbital in dorsal view. F–G, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), right postfrontal in dorsal (F) and ventral (G) views. H–I, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), right postfrontal in dorsal (H) and ventral (I) views. J–K, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), right postfrontal in dorsal (J) and ventral (K) views. L, I. bonnali (UAM.R.Lm28A), left postorbital in ventral view. M–N, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), right postorbital in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Psammodromus algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), right postorbitofrontal in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right postfrontal in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left postfrontal in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views. U–V, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left postfrontal in dorsal (U) and ventral (V) views. W–X, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right postfrontal in dorsal (W) and ventral (X) views. Y–Z, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right prefrontal in dorsal (Y) and ventral (Z) views. AA–AB, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left postorbital in dorsal (AA) and ventral (AB) views. AC–AD, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left postorbital in dorsal (AC) and ventral (AD) views. AE–AF, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right postfrontal in dorsal (AE) and ventral (AF) views. AG–AH, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left postfrontal in dorsal (AG) and ventral (AH) views. AI, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), right postorbital in dorsal view. Abbreviations: alp, anterolateral process; amp, anteromedial process; ap, anterior process;	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2595A21FC87FDD825EFAB9E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829144/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829144	Figure 16. Jugals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), left jugal in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left jugal in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left jugal in lateral (E) and medial (F) views (the dorsal margin of the anterior process is damaged). G–H, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), left jugal in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. I–J, Psammodromuss algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), right jugal in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), right jugal in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right jugal in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left jugal in lateral (O) and medial (P) views. Q–R, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left jugal in lateral (Q) and medial (R) views. S–T, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right jugal in lateral (S) and medial (T) views. U–V, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left jugal in lateral (U) and medial (V) views. Abbreviations: ap, anterior process; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; aspo, articulation surface with the postorbital; mp, medial process; pdp, posterodorsal process; pp, palatal process; qjp, quadratojugal process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 16. Jugals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), left jugal in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left jugal in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left jugal in lateral (E) and medial (F) views (the dorsal margin of the anterior process is damaged). G–H, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), left jugal in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. I–J, Psammodromuss algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), right jugal in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), right jugal in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right jugal in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left jugal in lateral (O) and medial (P) views. Q–R, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left jugal in lateral (Q) and medial (R) views. S–T, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right jugal in lateral (S) and medial (T) views. U–V, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left jugal in lateral (U) and medial (V) views. Abbreviations: ap, anterior process; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; aspo, articulation surface with the postorbital; mp, medial process; pdp, posterodorsal process; pp, palatal process; qjp, quadratojugal process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2595A21FC87FDD825EFAB9E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829146/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829146	Figure 17. Dorsal view of theright jugal of Psammodromus algirus (UAM.R.Ps9) (A), Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216) (B) and Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102) (C), displaying different developments of the medial process (white arrows): well developed (A), poorly developed/almost indistinct (B) and absent (C). Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 17. Dorsal view of theright jugal of Psammodromus algirus (UAM.R.Ps9) (A), Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216) (B) and Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102) (C), displaying different developments of the medial process (white arrows): well developed (A), poorly developed/almost indistinct (B) and absent (C). Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2595A21FC87FDD825EFAB9E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829150/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829150	Figure 19. Postfrontals, postorbitals and postorbitofrontals. A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right postorbital in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left postorbital in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), left postorbital in dorsal view. F–G, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), right postfrontal in dorsal (F) and ventral (G) views. H–I, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), right postfrontal in dorsal (H) and ventral (I) views. J–K, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), right postfrontal in dorsal (J) and ventral (K) views. L, I. bonnali (UAM.R.Lm28A), left postorbital in ventral view. M–N, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), right postorbital in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Psammodromus algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), right postorbitofrontal in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right postfrontal in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left postfrontal in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views. U–V, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left postfrontal in dorsal (U) and ventral (V) views. W–X, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right postfrontal in dorsal (W) and ventral (X) views. Y–Z, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right prefrontal in dorsal (Y) and ventral (Z) views. AA–AB, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left postorbital in dorsal (AA) and ventral (AB) views. AC–AD, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left postorbital in dorsal (AC) and ventral (AD) views. AE–AF, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right postfrontal in dorsal (AE) and ventral (AF) views. AG–AH, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left postfrontal in dorsal (AG) and ventral (AH) views. AI, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), right postorbital in dorsal view. Abbreviations: alp, anterolateral process; amp, anteromedial process; ap, anterior process;	Figure 19. Postfrontals, postorbitals and postorbitofrontals. A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right postorbital in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left postorbital in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), left postorbital in dorsal view. F–G, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), right postfrontal in dorsal (F) and ventral (G) views. H–I, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), right postfrontal in dorsal (H) and ventral (I) views. J–K, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), right postfrontal in dorsal (J) and ventral (K) views. L, I. bonnali (UAM.R.Lm28A), left postorbital in ventral view. M–N, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), right postorbital in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Psammodromus algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), right postorbitofrontal in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right postfrontal in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left postfrontal in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views. U–V, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left postfrontal in dorsal (U) and ventral (V) views. W–X, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right postfrontal in dorsal (W) and ventral (X) views. Y–Z, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right prefrontal in dorsal (Y) and ventral (Z) views. AA–AB, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left postorbital in dorsal (AA) and ventral (AB) views. AC–AD, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left postorbital in dorsal (AC) and ventral (AD) views. AE–AF, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right postfrontal in dorsal (AE) and ventral (AF) views. AG–AH, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left postfrontal in dorsal (AG) and ventral (AH) views. AI, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), right postorbital in dorsal view. Abbreviations: alp, anterolateral process; amp, anteromedial process; ap, anterior process;	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D25F5A27FF1FFCFB203EA8AD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829150/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829150	Figure 19. Postfrontals, postorbitals and postorbitofrontals. A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right postorbital in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left postorbital in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), left postorbital in dorsal view. F–G, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), right postfrontal in dorsal (F) and ventral (G) views. H–I, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), right postfrontal in dorsal (H) and ventral (I) views. J–K, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), right postfrontal in dorsal (J) and ventral (K) views. L, I. bonnali (UAM.R.Lm28A), left postorbital in ventral view. M–N, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), right postorbital in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Psammodromus algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), right postorbitofrontal in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right postfrontal in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left postfrontal in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views. U–V, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left postfrontal in dorsal (U) and ventral (V) views. W–X, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right postfrontal in dorsal (W) and ventral (X) views. Y–Z, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right prefrontal in dorsal (Y) and ventral (Z) views. AA–AB, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left postorbital in dorsal (AA) and ventral (AB) views. AC–AD, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left postorbital in dorsal (AC) and ventral (AD) views. AE–AF, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right postfrontal in dorsal (AE) and ventral (AF) views. AG–AH, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left postfrontal in dorsal (AG) and ventral (AH) views. AI, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), right postorbital in dorsal view. Abbreviations: alp, anterolateral process; amp, anteromedial process; ap, anterior process;	Figure 19. Postfrontals, postorbitals and postorbitofrontals. A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right postorbital in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left postorbital in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), left postorbital in dorsal view. F–G, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), right postfrontal in dorsal (F) and ventral (G) views. H–I, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), right postfrontal in dorsal (H) and ventral (I) views. J–K, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), right postfrontal in dorsal (J) and ventral (K) views. L, I. bonnali (UAM.R.Lm28A), left postorbital in ventral view. M–N, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), right postorbital in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Psammodromus algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), right postorbitofrontal in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right postfrontal in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left postfrontal in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views. U–V, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left postfrontal in dorsal (U) and ventral (V) views. W–X, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right postfrontal in dorsal (W) and ventral (X) views. Y–Z, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right prefrontal in dorsal (Y) and ventral (Z) views. AA–AB, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left postorbital in dorsal (AA) and ventral (AB) views. AC–AD, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left postorbital in dorsal (AC) and ventral (AD) views. AE–AF, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right postfrontal in dorsal (AE) and ventral (AF) views. AG–AH, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left postfrontal in dorsal (AG) and ventral (AH) views. AI, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), right postorbital in dorsal view. Abbreviations: alp, anterolateral process; amp, anteromedial process; ap, anterior process;	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D25F5A27FF1FF9E02453AB50.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829150/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829150	Figure 19. Postfrontals, postorbitals and postorbitofrontals. A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right postorbital in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left postorbital in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), left postorbital in dorsal view. F–G, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), right postfrontal in dorsal (F) and ventral (G) views. H–I, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), right postfrontal in dorsal (H) and ventral (I) views. J–K, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), right postfrontal in dorsal (J) and ventral (K) views. L, I. bonnali (UAM.R.Lm28A), left postorbital in ventral view. M–N, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), right postorbital in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Psammodromus algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), right postorbitofrontal in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right postfrontal in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left postfrontal in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views. U–V, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left postfrontal in dorsal (U) and ventral (V) views. W–X, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right postfrontal in dorsal (W) and ventral (X) views. Y–Z, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right prefrontal in dorsal (Y) and ventral (Z) views. AA–AB, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left postorbital in dorsal (AA) and ventral (AB) views. AC–AD, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left postorbital in dorsal (AC) and ventral (AD) views. AE–AF, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right postfrontal in dorsal (AE) and ventral (AF) views. AG–AH, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left postfrontal in dorsal (AG) and ventral (AH) views. AI, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), right postorbital in dorsal view. Abbreviations: alp, anterolateral process; amp, anteromedial process; ap, anterior process;	Figure 19. Postfrontals, postorbitals and postorbitofrontals. A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right postorbital in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left postorbital in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), left postorbital in dorsal view. F–G, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), right postfrontal in dorsal (F) and ventral (G) views. H–I, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), right postfrontal in dorsal (H) and ventral (I) views. J–K, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), right postfrontal in dorsal (J) and ventral (K) views. L, I. bonnali (UAM.R.Lm28A), left postorbital in ventral view. M–N, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), right postorbital in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Psammodromus algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), right postorbitofrontal in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right postfrontal in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left postfrontal in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views. U–V, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left postfrontal in dorsal (U) and ventral (V) views. W–X, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right postfrontal in dorsal (W) and ventral (X) views. Y–Z, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right prefrontal in dorsal (Y) and ventral (Z) views. AA–AB, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left postorbital in dorsal (AA) and ventral (AB) views. AC–AD, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left postorbital in dorsal (AC) and ventral (AD) views. AE–AF, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right postfrontal in dorsal (AE) and ventral (AF) views. AG–AH, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left postfrontal in dorsal (AG) and ventral (AH) views. AI, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), right postorbital in dorsal view. Abbreviations: alp, anterolateral process; amp, anteromedial process; ap, anterior process;	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D25F5A24FC87F9A32037AA3E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829150/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829150	Figure 19. Postfrontals, postorbitals and postorbitofrontals. A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right postorbital in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left postorbital in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), left postorbital in dorsal view. F–G, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), right postfrontal in dorsal (F) and ventral (G) views. H–I, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), right postfrontal in dorsal (H) and ventral (I) views. J–K, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), right postfrontal in dorsal (J) and ventral (K) views. L, I. bonnali (UAM.R.Lm28A), left postorbital in ventral view. M–N, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), right postorbital in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Psammodromus algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), right postorbitofrontal in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right postfrontal in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left postfrontal in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views. U–V, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left postfrontal in dorsal (U) and ventral (V) views. W–X, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right postfrontal in dorsal (W) and ventral (X) views. Y–Z, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right prefrontal in dorsal (Y) and ventral (Z) views. AA–AB, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left postorbital in dorsal (AA) and ventral (AB) views. AC–AD, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left postorbital in dorsal (AC) and ventral (AD) views. AE–AF, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right postfrontal in dorsal (AE) and ventral (AF) views. AG–AH, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left postfrontal in dorsal (AG) and ventral (AH) views. AI, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), right postorbital in dorsal view. Abbreviations: alp, anterolateral process; amp, anteromedial process; ap, anterior process;	Figure 19. Postfrontals, postorbitals and postorbitofrontals. A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right postorbital in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left postorbital in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), left postorbital in dorsal view. F–G, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), right postfrontal in dorsal (F) and ventral (G) views. H–I, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), right postfrontal in dorsal (H) and ventral (I) views. J–K, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), right postfrontal in dorsal (J) and ventral (K) views. L, I. bonnali (UAM.R.Lm28A), left postorbital in ventral view. M–N, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), right postorbital in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Psammodromus algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), right postorbitofrontal in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right postfrontal in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left postfrontal in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views. U–V, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left postfrontal in dorsal (U) and ventral (V) views. W–X, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right postfrontal in dorsal (W) and ventral (X) views. Y–Z, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right prefrontal in dorsal (Y) and ventral (Z) views. AA–AB, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left postorbital in dorsal (AA) and ventral (AB) views. AC–AD, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left postorbital in dorsal (AC) and ventral (AD) views. AE–AF, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right postfrontal in dorsal (AE) and ventral (AF) views. AG–AH, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left postfrontal in dorsal (AG) and ventral (AH) views. AI, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), right postorbital in dorsal view. Abbreviations: alp, anterolateral process; amp, anteromedial process; ap, anterior process;	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D25C5A25FC95F94023E6AFC7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829152/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829152	Figure 20. Squamosals. A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left squamosal in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right squamosal in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), left squamosal in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G–H, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), right squamosal in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. I–J, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right squamosal in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left squamosal in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left squamosal in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. Abbreviations: ap, anterior process; asjp, articulation surface with jugal and postorbital; dpp, dorsal parietal process; pp, posterior process; qp, quadrate process; r, ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 20. Squamosals. A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left squamosal in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right squamosal in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), left squamosal in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G–H, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), right squamosal in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. I–J, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right squamosal in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left squamosal in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left squamosal in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. Abbreviations: ap, anterior process; asjp, articulation surface with jugal and postorbital; dpp, dorsal parietal process; pp, posterior process; qp, quadrate process; r, ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D25C5A24FC95FF3F25D5AB36.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829150/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829150	Figure 19. Postfrontals, postorbitals and postorbitofrontals. A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right postorbital in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left postorbital in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), left postorbital in dorsal view. F–G, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), right postfrontal in dorsal (F) and ventral (G) views. H–I, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), right postfrontal in dorsal (H) and ventral (I) views. J–K, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), right postfrontal in dorsal (J) and ventral (K) views. L, I. bonnali (UAM.R.Lm28A), left postorbital in ventral view. M–N, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), right postorbital in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Psammodromus algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), right postorbitofrontal in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right postfrontal in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left postfrontal in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views. U–V, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left postfrontal in dorsal (U) and ventral (V) views. W–X, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right postfrontal in dorsal (W) and ventral (X) views. Y–Z, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right prefrontal in dorsal (Y) and ventral (Z) views. AA–AB, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left postorbital in dorsal (AA) and ventral (AB) views. AC–AD, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left postorbital in dorsal (AC) and ventral (AD) views. AE–AF, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right postfrontal in dorsal (AE) and ventral (AF) views. AG–AH, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left postfrontal in dorsal (AG) and ventral (AH) views. AI, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), right postorbital in dorsal view. Abbreviations: alp, anterolateral process; amp, anteromedial process; ap, anterior process;	Figure 19. Postfrontals, postorbitals and postorbitofrontals. A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right postorbital in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left postorbital in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), left postorbital in dorsal view. F–G, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), right postfrontal in dorsal (F) and ventral (G) views. H–I, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), right postfrontal in dorsal (H) and ventral (I) views. J–K, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), right postfrontal in dorsal (J) and ventral (K) views. L, I. bonnali (UAM.R.Lm28A), left postorbital in ventral view. M–N, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), right postorbital in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Psammodromus algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), right postorbitofrontal in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right postfrontal in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left postfrontal in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views. U–V, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left postfrontal in dorsal (U) and ventral (V) views. W–X, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right postfrontal in dorsal (W) and ventral (X) views. Y–Z, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right prefrontal in dorsal (Y) and ventral (Z) views. AA–AB, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left postorbital in dorsal (AA) and ventral (AB) views. AC–AD, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left postorbital in dorsal (AC) and ventral (AD) views. AE–AF, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right postfrontal in dorsal (AE) and ventral (AF) views. AG–AH, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left postfrontal in dorsal (AG) and ventral (AH) views. AI, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), right postorbital in dorsal view. Abbreviations: alp, anterolateral process; amp, anteromedial process; ap, anterior process;	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D25C5A24FC95FF3F25D5AB36.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829152/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829152	Figure 20. Squamosals. A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left squamosal in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right squamosal in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), left squamosal in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G–H, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), right squamosal in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. I–J, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right squamosal in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left squamosal in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left squamosal in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. Abbreviations: ap, anterior process; asjp, articulation surface with jugal and postorbital; dpp, dorsal parietal process; pp, posterior process; qp, quadrate process; r, ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 20. Squamosals. A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left squamosal in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right squamosal in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), left squamosal in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G–H, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), right squamosal in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. I–J, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right squamosal in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left squamosal in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left squamosal in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. Abbreviations: ap, anterior process; asjp, articulation surface with jugal and postorbital; dpp, dorsal parietal process; pp, posterior process; qp, quadrate process; r, ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D25D5A25FF1FFD3B248EACFD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829152/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829152	Figure 20. Squamosals. A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left squamosal in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right squamosal in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), left squamosal in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G–H, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), right squamosal in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. I–J, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right squamosal in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left squamosal in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left squamosal in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. Abbreviations: ap, anterior process; asjp, articulation surface with jugal and postorbital; dpp, dorsal parietal process; pp, posterior process; qp, quadrate process; r, ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 20. Squamosals. A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left squamosal in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right squamosal in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), left squamosal in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G–H, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), right squamosal in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. I–J, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right squamosal in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left squamosal in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left squamosal in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. Abbreviations: ap, anterior process; asjp, articulation surface with jugal and postorbital; dpp, dorsal parietal process; pp, posterior process; qp, quadrate process; r, ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D25D5A25FC87FE10248EAEBB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829152/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829152	Figure 20. Squamosals. A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left squamosal in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right squamosal in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), left squamosal in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G–H, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), right squamosal in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. I–J, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right squamosal in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left squamosal in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left squamosal in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. Abbreviations: ap, anterior process; asjp, articulation surface with jugal and postorbital; dpp, dorsal parietal process; pp, posterior process; qp, quadrate process; r, ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 20. Squamosals. A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left squamosal in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right squamosal in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), left squamosal in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G–H, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), right squamosal in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. I–J, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right squamosal in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left squamosal in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left squamosal in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. Abbreviations: ap, anterior process; asjp, articulation surface with jugal and postorbital; dpp, dorsal parietal process; pp, posterior process; qp, quadrate process; r, ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2625A1AFF2DFB6F23EBAB93.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829154/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829154	Figure 21. Quadrates. A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right quadrate in anterior (A) and posterior (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left quadrate in anterior (C) and posterior (D) views. Abbreviations: asq, articulation surface with the squamosal; cc, cephalic condyle; lh, lateral head; mc, mandibular condyle; mh, medial head; p, pillar. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 21. Quadrates. A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right quadrate in anterior (A) and posterior (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left quadrate in anterior (C) and posterior (D) views. Abbreviations: asq, articulation surface with the squamosal; cc, cephalic condyle; lh, lateral head; mc, mandibular condyle; mh, medial head; p, pillar. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2625A1AFF2DF8EF2465ABF9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829154/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829154	Figure 21. Quadrates. A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right quadrate in anterior (A) and posterior (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left quadrate in anterior (C) and posterior (D) views. Abbreviations: asq, articulation surface with the squamosal; cc, cephalic condyle; lh, lateral head; mc, mandibular condyle; mh, medial head; p, pillar. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 21. Quadrates. A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right quadrate in anterior (A) and posterior (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left quadrate in anterior (C) and posterior (D) views. Abbreviations: asq, articulation surface with the squamosal; cc, cephalic condyle; lh, lateral head; mc, mandibular condyle; mh, medial head; p, pillar. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2625A1BFC95F90E2474A82F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829156/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829156	Figure 22. Quadrates (continued). A–C, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right quadrate in anterior (A), posterior (B) and medial (C) views. D–F, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), right quadrate in anterior (D), posterior (E) and medial (F) views. G–I, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), right quadrate in anterior (G), posterior (H) and medial (I) views. J–L, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right quadrate in anterior (J), posterior (K) and medial (L) views. M–O, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right quadrate in anterior (M), posterior (N) and medial (O) views. P–R, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left quadrate in anterior (P), posterior (Q) and medial (R) views. S–U, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right quadrate in anterior (S), posterior (T) and medial (U) views. V–X, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right quadrate in anterior (V), posterior (W) and medial (X) views. Y– AA, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left quadrate in anterior (Y), posterior (Z) and medial (AA) views. Abbreviations: ap, anterior platform; c, conch; cc, cephalic condyle; ll, lateral lamina; mc, mandibular condyle; ml, medial lamina; p, pillar; pf, pterygoid flange; qf, quadrate foramen; tc, tympanic crest. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 22. Quadrates (continued). A–C, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right quadrate in anterior (A), posterior (B) and medial (C) views. D–F, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), right quadrate in anterior (D), posterior (E) and medial (F) views. G–I, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), right quadrate in anterior (G), posterior (H) and medial (I) views. J–L, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right quadrate in anterior (J), posterior (K) and medial (L) views. M–O, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right quadrate in anterior (M), posterior (N) and medial (O) views. P–R, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left quadrate in anterior (P), posterior (Q) and medial (R) views. S–U, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right quadrate in anterior (S), posterior (T) and medial (U) views. V–X, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right quadrate in anterior (V), posterior (W) and medial (X) views. Y– AA, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left quadrate in anterior (Y), posterior (Z) and medial (AA) views. Abbreviations: ap, anterior platform; c, conch; cc, cephalic condyle; ll, lateral lamina; mc, mandibular condyle; ml, medial lamina; p, pillar; pf, pterygoid flange; qf, quadrate foramen; tc, tympanic crest. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2625A1AFF2DFF3F2399A922.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829152/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829152	Figure 20. Squamosals. A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left squamosal in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right squamosal in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), left squamosal in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G–H, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), right squamosal in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. I–J, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right squamosal in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left squamosal in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left squamosal in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. Abbreviations: ap, anterior process; asjp, articulation surface with jugal and postorbital; dpp, dorsal parietal process; pp, posterior process; qp, quadrate process; r, ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 20. Squamosals. A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left squamosal in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right squamosal in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), left squamosal in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G–H, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), right squamosal in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. I–J, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right squamosal in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left squamosal in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left squamosal in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. Abbreviations: ap, anterior process; asjp, articulation surface with jugal and postorbital; dpp, dorsal parietal process; pp, posterior process; qp, quadrate process; r, ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2625A1AFF2DFF3F2399A922.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829154/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829154	Figure 21. Quadrates. A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right quadrate in anterior (A) and posterior (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left quadrate in anterior (C) and posterior (D) views. Abbreviations: asq, articulation surface with the squamosal; cc, cephalic condyle; lh, lateral head; mc, mandibular condyle; mh, medial head; p, pillar. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 21. Quadrates. A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right quadrate in anterior (A) and posterior (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left quadrate in anterior (C) and posterior (D) views. Abbreviations: asq, articulation surface with the squamosal; cc, cephalic condyle; lh, lateral head; mc, mandibular condyle; mh, medial head; p, pillar. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2625A1AFF2DFF3F2399A922.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829156/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829156	Figure 22. Quadrates (continued). A–C, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right quadrate in anterior (A), posterior (B) and medial (C) views. D–F, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), right quadrate in anterior (D), posterior (E) and medial (F) views. G–I, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), right quadrate in anterior (G), posterior (H) and medial (I) views. J–L, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right quadrate in anterior (J), posterior (K) and medial (L) views. M–O, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right quadrate in anterior (M), posterior (N) and medial (O) views. P–R, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left quadrate in anterior (P), posterior (Q) and medial (R) views. S–U, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right quadrate in anterior (S), posterior (T) and medial (U) views. V–X, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right quadrate in anterior (V), posterior (W) and medial (X) views. Y– AA, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left quadrate in anterior (Y), posterior (Z) and medial (AA) views. Abbreviations: ap, anterior platform; c, conch; cc, cephalic condyle; ll, lateral lamina; mc, mandibular condyle; ml, medial lamina; p, pillar; pf, pterygoid flange; qf, quadrate foramen; tc, tympanic crest. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 22. Quadrates (continued). A–C, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right quadrate in anterior (A), posterior (B) and medial (C) views. D–F, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), right quadrate in anterior (D), posterior (E) and medial (F) views. G–I, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), right quadrate in anterior (G), posterior (H) and medial (I) views. J–L, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right quadrate in anterior (J), posterior (K) and medial (L) views. M–O, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right quadrate in anterior (M), posterior (N) and medial (O) views. P–R, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left quadrate in anterior (P), posterior (Q) and medial (R) views. S–U, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right quadrate in anterior (S), posterior (T) and medial (U) views. V–X, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right quadrate in anterior (V), posterior (W) and medial (X) views. Y– AA, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left quadrate in anterior (Y), posterior (Z) and medial (AA) views. Abbreviations: ap, anterior platform; c, conch; cc, cephalic condyle; ll, lateral lamina; mc, mandibular condyle; ml, medial lamina; p, pillar; pf, pterygoid flange; qf, quadrate foramen; tc, tympanic crest. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2635A18FC87FA632389A97A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829156/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829156	Figure 22. Quadrates (continued). A–C, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right quadrate in anterior (A), posterior (B) and medial (C) views. D–F, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), right quadrate in anterior (D), posterior (E) and medial (F) views. G–I, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), right quadrate in anterior (G), posterior (H) and medial (I) views. J–L, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right quadrate in anterior (J), posterior (K) and medial (L) views. M–O, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right quadrate in anterior (M), posterior (N) and medial (O) views. P–R, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left quadrate in anterior (P), posterior (Q) and medial (R) views. S–U, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right quadrate in anterior (S), posterior (T) and medial (U) views. V–X, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right quadrate in anterior (V), posterior (W) and medial (X) views. Y– AA, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left quadrate in anterior (Y), posterior (Z) and medial (AA) views. Abbreviations: ap, anterior platform; c, conch; cc, cephalic condyle; ll, lateral lamina; mc, mandibular condyle; ml, medial lamina; p, pillar; pf, pterygoid flange; qf, quadrate foramen; tc, tympanic crest. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 22. Quadrates (continued). A–C, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right quadrate in anterior (A), posterior (B) and medial (C) views. D–F, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), right quadrate in anterior (D), posterior (E) and medial (F) views. G–I, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), right quadrate in anterior (G), posterior (H) and medial (I) views. J–L, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right quadrate in anterior (J), posterior (K) and medial (L) views. M–O, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right quadrate in anterior (M), posterior (N) and medial (O) views. P–R, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left quadrate in anterior (P), posterior (Q) and medial (R) views. S–U, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right quadrate in anterior (S), posterior (T) and medial (U) views. V–X, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right quadrate in anterior (V), posterior (W) and medial (X) views. Y– AA, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left quadrate in anterior (Y), posterior (Z) and medial (AA) views. Abbreviations: ap, anterior platform; c, conch; cc, cephalic condyle; ll, lateral lamina; mc, mandibular condyle; ml, medial lamina; p, pillar; pf, pterygoid flange; qf, quadrate foramen; tc, tympanic crest. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2605A18FC95FD3125B8AE29.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829158/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829158	Figure 23. Epipterygoids.A, Laudakia stellio (NHMW 570; not to scale). B, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381). C, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 94). D, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427; reversed for comparison). E, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102). Abbreviations: e, epipterygoid; p, prootic. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 23. Epipterygoids.A, Laudakia stellio (NHMW 570; not to scale). B, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381). C, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 94). D, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427; reversed for comparison). E, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102). Abbreviations: e, epipterygoid; p, prootic. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2605A18FF2DFB9C2445AFDC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829156/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829156	Figure 22. Quadrates (continued). A–C, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right quadrate in anterior (A), posterior (B) and medial (C) views. D–F, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), right quadrate in anterior (D), posterior (E) and medial (F) views. G–I, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), right quadrate in anterior (G), posterior (H) and medial (I) views. J–L, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right quadrate in anterior (J), posterior (K) and medial (L) views. M–O, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right quadrate in anterior (M), posterior (N) and medial (O) views. P–R, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left quadrate in anterior (P), posterior (Q) and medial (R) views. S–U, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right quadrate in anterior (S), posterior (T) and medial (U) views. V–X, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right quadrate in anterior (V), posterior (W) and medial (X) views. Y– AA, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left quadrate in anterior (Y), posterior (Z) and medial (AA) views. Abbreviations: ap, anterior platform; c, conch; cc, cephalic condyle; ll, lateral lamina; mc, mandibular condyle; ml, medial lamina; p, pillar; pf, pterygoid flange; qf, quadrate foramen; tc, tympanic crest. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 22. Quadrates (continued). A–C, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right quadrate in anterior (A), posterior (B) and medial (C) views. D–F, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), right quadrate in anterior (D), posterior (E) and medial (F) views. G–I, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), right quadrate in anterior (G), posterior (H) and medial (I) views. J–L, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right quadrate in anterior (J), posterior (K) and medial (L) views. M–O, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right quadrate in anterior (M), posterior (N) and medial (O) views. P–R, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left quadrate in anterior (P), posterior (Q) and medial (R) views. S–U, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right quadrate in anterior (S), posterior (T) and medial (U) views. V–X, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right quadrate in anterior (V), posterior (W) and medial (X) views. Y– AA, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left quadrate in anterior (Y), posterior (Z) and medial (AA) views. Abbreviations: ap, anterior platform; c, conch; cc, cephalic condyle; ll, lateral lamina; mc, mandibular condyle; ml, medial lamina; p, pillar; pf, pterygoid flange; qf, quadrate foramen; tc, tympanic crest. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2605A18FF2DFB9C2445AFDC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829158/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829158	Figure 23. Epipterygoids.A, Laudakia stellio (NHMW 570; not to scale). B, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381). C, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 94). D, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427; reversed for comparison). E, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102). Abbreviations: e, epipterygoid; p, prootic. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 23. Epipterygoids.A, Laudakia stellio (NHMW 570; not to scale). B, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381). C, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 94). D, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427; reversed for comparison). E, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102). Abbreviations: e, epipterygoid; p, prootic. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2605A18FC95FA2324BAAA27.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829158/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829158	Figure 23. Epipterygoids.A, Laudakia stellio (NHMW 570; not to scale). B, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381). C, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 94). D, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427; reversed for comparison). E, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102). Abbreviations: e, epipterygoid; p, prootic. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 23. Epipterygoids.A, Laudakia stellio (NHMW 570; not to scale). B, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381). C, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 94). D, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427; reversed for comparison). E, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102). Abbreviations: e, epipterygoid; p, prootic. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2605A18FC95FBC92573A9E0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829158/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829158	Figure 23. Epipterygoids.A, Laudakia stellio (NHMW 570; not to scale). B, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381). C, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 94). D, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427; reversed for comparison). E, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102). Abbreviations: e, epipterygoid; p, prootic. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 23. Epipterygoids.A, Laudakia stellio (NHMW 570; not to scale). B, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381). C, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 94). D, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427; reversed for comparison). E, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102). Abbreviations: e, epipterygoid; p, prootic. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2605A18FC95FB1D2553A8EF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829158/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829158	Figure 23. Epipterygoids.A, Laudakia stellio (NHMW 570; not to scale). B, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381). C, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 94). D, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427; reversed for comparison). E, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102). Abbreviations: e, epipterygoid; p, prootic. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 23. Epipterygoids.A, Laudakia stellio (NHMW 570; not to scale). B, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381). C, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 94). D, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427; reversed for comparison). E, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102). Abbreviations: e, epipterygoid; p, prootic. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2615A19FF1FF96F230AAA23.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829160/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829160	Figure 24. Vomers. A, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-5), articulated vomers in ventral view. B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST- Z-424), right vomer in dorsal view. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), vomer in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 721), articulated vomers in ventral view. F–G, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right vomer in dorsal (F) and ventral (G) views. H–I, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), right vomer in dorsal (H) and ventral (I) views. J–K, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), fused vomers in dorsal (J) and ventral (K) views. L–M, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), fused vomers in dorsal (L) and ventral (M) views. N–O, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left vomer in dorsal (N) and ventral (O) views. P–Q, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left vomer in dorsal (P) and ventral (Q) views. R–S, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left vomer in dorsal (R) and ventral (S) views. T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left vomer in dorsal view (the specimen is broken roughly at midlength).Abbreviations: asv, articulation surface with the vomerine process of the palatine; lg, lacrimal groove; nvf, notch of the vomeronasal fenestra; pp, posterior process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 24. Vomers. A, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-5), articulated vomers in ventral view. B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST- Z-424), right vomer in dorsal view. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), vomer in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 721), articulated vomers in ventral view. F–G, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right vomer in dorsal (F) and ventral (G) views. H–I, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), right vomer in dorsal (H) and ventral (I) views. J–K, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), fused vomers in dorsal (J) and ventral (K) views. L–M, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), fused vomers in dorsal (L) and ventral (M) views. N–O, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left vomer in dorsal (N) and ventral (O) views. P–Q, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left vomer in dorsal (P) and ventral (Q) views. R–S, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left vomer in dorsal (R) and ventral (S) views. T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left vomer in dorsal view (the specimen is broken roughly at midlength).Abbreviations: asv, articulation surface with the vomerine process of the palatine; lg, lacrimal groove; nvf, notch of the vomeronasal fenestra; pp, posterior process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2615A19FC87FF3F2027AB15.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829160/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829160	Figure 24. Vomers. A, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-5), articulated vomers in ventral view. B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST- Z-424), right vomer in dorsal view. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), vomer in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 721), articulated vomers in ventral view. F–G, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right vomer in dorsal (F) and ventral (G) views. H–I, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), right vomer in dorsal (H) and ventral (I) views. J–K, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), fused vomers in dorsal (J) and ventral (K) views. L–M, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), fused vomers in dorsal (L) and ventral (M) views. N–O, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left vomer in dorsal (N) and ventral (O) views. P–Q, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left vomer in dorsal (P) and ventral (Q) views. R–S, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left vomer in dorsal (R) and ventral (S) views. T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left vomer in dorsal view (the specimen is broken roughly at midlength).Abbreviations: asv, articulation surface with the vomerine process of the palatine; lg, lacrimal groove; nvf, notch of the vomeronasal fenestra; pp, posterior process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 24. Vomers. A, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-5), articulated vomers in ventral view. B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST- Z-424), right vomer in dorsal view. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), vomer in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 721), articulated vomers in ventral view. F–G, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right vomer in dorsal (F) and ventral (G) views. H–I, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), right vomer in dorsal (H) and ventral (I) views. J–K, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), fused vomers in dorsal (J) and ventral (K) views. L–M, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), fused vomers in dorsal (L) and ventral (M) views. N–O, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left vomer in dorsal (N) and ventral (O) views. P–Q, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left vomer in dorsal (P) and ventral (Q) views. R–S, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left vomer in dorsal (R) and ventral (S) views. T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left vomer in dorsal view (the specimen is broken roughly at midlength).Abbreviations: asv, articulation surface with the vomerine process of the palatine; lg, lacrimal groove; nvf, notch of the vomeronasal fenestra; pp, posterior process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2615A19FC87FD3D2427AB4B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829160/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829160	Figure 24. Vomers. A, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-5), articulated vomers in ventral view. B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST- Z-424), right vomer in dorsal view. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), vomer in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 721), articulated vomers in ventral view. F–G, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right vomer in dorsal (F) and ventral (G) views. H–I, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), right vomer in dorsal (H) and ventral (I) views. J–K, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), fused vomers in dorsal (J) and ventral (K) views. L–M, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), fused vomers in dorsal (L) and ventral (M) views. N–O, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left vomer in dorsal (N) and ventral (O) views. P–Q, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left vomer in dorsal (P) and ventral (Q) views. R–S, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left vomer in dorsal (R) and ventral (S) views. T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left vomer in dorsal view (the specimen is broken roughly at midlength).Abbreviations: asv, articulation surface with the vomerine process of the palatine; lg, lacrimal groove; nvf, notch of the vomeronasal fenestra; pp, posterior process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 24. Vomers. A, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-5), articulated vomers in ventral view. B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST- Z-424), right vomer in dorsal view. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), vomer in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 721), articulated vomers in ventral view. F–G, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right vomer in dorsal (F) and ventral (G) views. H–I, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), right vomer in dorsal (H) and ventral (I) views. J–K, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), fused vomers in dorsal (J) and ventral (K) views. L–M, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), fused vomers in dorsal (L) and ventral (M) views. N–O, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left vomer in dorsal (N) and ventral (O) views. P–Q, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left vomer in dorsal (P) and ventral (Q) views. R–S, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left vomer in dorsal (R) and ventral (S) views. T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left vomer in dorsal view (the specimen is broken roughly at midlength).Abbreviations: asv, articulation surface with the vomerine process of the palatine; lg, lacrimal groove; nvf, notch of the vomeronasal fenestra; pp, posterior process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2615A1EFC87F9CF2550AB9B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829160/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829160	Figure 24. Vomers. A, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-5), articulated vomers in ventral view. B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST- Z-424), right vomer in dorsal view. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), vomer in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 721), articulated vomers in ventral view. F–G, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right vomer in dorsal (F) and ventral (G) views. H–I, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), right vomer in dorsal (H) and ventral (I) views. J–K, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), fused vomers in dorsal (J) and ventral (K) views. L–M, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), fused vomers in dorsal (L) and ventral (M) views. N–O, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left vomer in dorsal (N) and ventral (O) views. P–Q, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left vomer in dorsal (P) and ventral (Q) views. R–S, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left vomer in dorsal (R) and ventral (S) views. T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left vomer in dorsal view (the specimen is broken roughly at midlength).Abbreviations: asv, articulation surface with the vomerine process of the palatine; lg, lacrimal groove; nvf, notch of the vomeronasal fenestra; pp, posterior process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 24. Vomers. A, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-5), articulated vomers in ventral view. B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST- Z-424), right vomer in dorsal view. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), vomer in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 721), articulated vomers in ventral view. F–G, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right vomer in dorsal (F) and ventral (G) views. H–I, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), right vomer in dorsal (H) and ventral (I) views. J–K, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), fused vomers in dorsal (J) and ventral (K) views. L–M, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), fused vomers in dorsal (L) and ventral (M) views. N–O, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left vomer in dorsal (N) and ventral (O) views. P–Q, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left vomer in dorsal (P) and ventral (Q) views. R–S, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left vomer in dorsal (R) and ventral (S) views. T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left vomer in dorsal view (the specimen is broken roughly at midlength).Abbreviations: asv, articulation surface with the vomerine process of the palatine; lg, lacrimal groove; nvf, notch of the vomeronasal fenestra; pp, posterior process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2665A1FFC95F8F722A5AF67.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829160/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829160	Figure 24. Vomers. A, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-5), articulated vomers in ventral view. B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST- Z-424), right vomer in dorsal view. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), vomer in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 721), articulated vomers in ventral view. F–G, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right vomer in dorsal (F) and ventral (G) views. H–I, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), right vomer in dorsal (H) and ventral (I) views. J–K, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), fused vomers in dorsal (J) and ventral (K) views. L–M, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), fused vomers in dorsal (L) and ventral (M) views. N–O, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left vomer in dorsal (N) and ventral (O) views. P–Q, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left vomer in dorsal (P) and ventral (Q) views. R–S, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left vomer in dorsal (R) and ventral (S) views. T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left vomer in dorsal view (the specimen is broken roughly at midlength).Abbreviations: asv, articulation surface with the vomerine process of the palatine; lg, lacrimal groove; nvf, notch of the vomeronasal fenestra; pp, posterior process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 24. Vomers. A, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-5), articulated vomers in ventral view. B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST- Z-424), right vomer in dorsal view. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), vomer in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 721), articulated vomers in ventral view. F–G, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right vomer in dorsal (F) and ventral (G) views. H–I, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), right vomer in dorsal (H) and ventral (I) views. J–K, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), fused vomers in dorsal (J) and ventral (K) views. L–M, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), fused vomers in dorsal (L) and ventral (M) views. N–O, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left vomer in dorsal (N) and ventral (O) views. P–Q, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left vomer in dorsal (P) and ventral (Q) views. R–S, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left vomer in dorsal (R) and ventral (S) views. T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left vomer in dorsal view (the specimen is broken roughly at midlength).Abbreviations: asv, articulation surface with the vomerine process of the palatine; lg, lacrimal groove; nvf, notch of the vomeronasal fenestra; pp, posterior process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2665A1FFC95F8F722A5AF67.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829162/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829162	Figure 25. Septomaxillae. A–B, I. bonnali (UAM.R.Lm28A), right septomaxilla in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), left septomaxilla in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), right septomaxilla in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left septomaxilla in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right septomaxilla in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left septomaxilla in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left septomaxilla in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. Abbreviations: aex, anteroventral expansion; alp, anterolateral process; fr, forked ridge; pex, posteroventral expansion; plp, posterolateral process; pmp, posteromedial process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 25. Septomaxillae. A–B, I. bonnali (UAM.R.Lm28A), right septomaxilla in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), left septomaxilla in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), right septomaxilla in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left septomaxilla in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right septomaxilla in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left septomaxilla in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left septomaxilla in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. Abbreviations: aex, anteroventral expansion; alp, anterolateral process; fr, forked ridge; pex, posteroventral expansion; plp, posterolateral process; pmp, posteromedial process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2675A1CFC87FBFC2079AE0F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829162/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829162	Figure 25. Septomaxillae. A–B, I. bonnali (UAM.R.Lm28A), right septomaxilla in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), left septomaxilla in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), right septomaxilla in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left septomaxilla in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right septomaxilla in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left septomaxilla in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left septomaxilla in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. Abbreviations: aex, anteroventral expansion; alp, anterolateral process; fr, forked ridge; pex, posteroventral expansion; plp, posterolateral process; pmp, posteromedial process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 25. Septomaxillae. A–B, I. bonnali (UAM.R.Lm28A), right septomaxilla in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), left septomaxilla in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), right septomaxilla in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left septomaxilla in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right septomaxilla in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left septomaxilla in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left septomaxilla in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. Abbreviations: aex, anteroventral expansion; alp, anterolateral process; fr, forked ridge; pex, posteroventral expansion; plp, posterolateral process; pmp, posteromedial process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2645A1CFC95FC8324B8A8ED.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829164/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829164	Figure 26. Palatines. A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), right palatine in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left palatine in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right palatine in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, I. monticola cantabrica (UAM.R.Lm92), left palatine in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left palatine in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left palatine in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right palatine in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right palatine in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left palatine in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left palatine in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views (the anterior end is broken). Abbreviations: ap, anterior projection of the vomerine process; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asp, articulation surface with the pterygoid; cc, choanal duct; if, infraorbital foramen; l, lappet; mp, maxillary process; pp, pterygoid process; pr, palatine ridge; sd, sulcus dorsalis; vp, vomerine process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 26. Palatines. A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), right palatine in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left palatine in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right palatine in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, I. monticola cantabrica (UAM.R.Lm92), left palatine in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left palatine in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left palatine in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right palatine in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right palatine in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left palatine in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left palatine in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views (the anterior end is broken). Abbreviations: ap, anterior projection of the vomerine process; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asp, articulation surface with the pterygoid; cc, choanal duct; if, infraorbital foramen; l, lappet; mp, maxillary process; pp, pterygoid process; pr, palatine ridge; sd, sulcus dorsalis; vp, vomerine process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2645A1CFF2DF9ED2508AE0F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829162/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829162	Figure 25. Septomaxillae. A–B, I. bonnali (UAM.R.Lm28A), right septomaxilla in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), left septomaxilla in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), right septomaxilla in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left septomaxilla in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right septomaxilla in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left septomaxilla in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left septomaxilla in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. Abbreviations: aex, anteroventral expansion; alp, anterolateral process; fr, forked ridge; pex, posteroventral expansion; plp, posterolateral process; pmp, posteromedial process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 25. Septomaxillae. A–B, I. bonnali (UAM.R.Lm28A), right septomaxilla in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), left septomaxilla in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), right septomaxilla in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left septomaxilla in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right septomaxilla in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left septomaxilla in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left septomaxilla in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. Abbreviations: aex, anteroventral expansion; alp, anterolateral process; fr, forked ridge; pex, posteroventral expansion; plp, posterolateral process; pmp, posteromedial process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2645A1CFF2DF9ED2508AE0F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829164/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829164	Figure 26. Palatines. A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), right palatine in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left palatine in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right palatine in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, I. monticola cantabrica (UAM.R.Lm92), left palatine in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left palatine in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left palatine in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right palatine in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right palatine in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left palatine in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left palatine in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views (the anterior end is broken). Abbreviations: ap, anterior projection of the vomerine process; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asp, articulation surface with the pterygoid; cc, choanal duct; if, infraorbital foramen; l, lappet; mp, maxillary process; pp, pterygoid process; pr, palatine ridge; sd, sulcus dorsalis; vp, vomerine process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 26. Palatines. A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), right palatine in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left palatine in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right palatine in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, I. monticola cantabrica (UAM.R.Lm92), left palatine in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left palatine in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left palatine in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right palatine in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right palatine in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left palatine in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left palatine in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views (the anterior end is broken). Abbreviations: ap, anterior projection of the vomerine process; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asp, articulation surface with the pterygoid; cc, choanal duct; if, infraorbital foramen; l, lappet; mp, maxillary process; pp, pterygoid process; pr, palatine ridge; sd, sulcus dorsalis; vp, vomerine process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2645A1DFC95FA2020CAA8EC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829164/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829164	Figure 26. Palatines. A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), right palatine in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left palatine in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right palatine in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, I. monticola cantabrica (UAM.R.Lm92), left palatine in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left palatine in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left palatine in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right palatine in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right palatine in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left palatine in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left palatine in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views (the anterior end is broken). Abbreviations: ap, anterior projection of the vomerine process; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asp, articulation surface with the pterygoid; cc, choanal duct; if, infraorbital foramen; l, lappet; mp, maxillary process; pp, pterygoid process; pr, palatine ridge; sd, sulcus dorsalis; vp, vomerine process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 26. Palatines. A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), right palatine in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left palatine in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right palatine in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, I. monticola cantabrica (UAM.R.Lm92), left palatine in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left palatine in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left palatine in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right palatine in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right palatine in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left palatine in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left palatine in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views (the anterior end is broken). Abbreviations: ap, anterior projection of the vomerine process; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asp, articulation surface with the pterygoid; cc, choanal duct; if, infraorbital foramen; l, lappet; mp, maxillary process; pp, pterygoid process; pr, palatine ridge; sd, sulcus dorsalis; vp, vomerine process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2645A1CFF2DFC83206FA890.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829162/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829162	Figure 25. Septomaxillae. A–B, I. bonnali (UAM.R.Lm28A), right septomaxilla in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), left septomaxilla in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), right septomaxilla in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left septomaxilla in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right septomaxilla in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left septomaxilla in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left septomaxilla in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. Abbreviations: aex, anteroventral expansion; alp, anterolateral process; fr, forked ridge; pex, posteroventral expansion; plp, posterolateral process; pmp, posteromedial process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 25. Septomaxillae. A–B, I. bonnali (UAM.R.Lm28A), right septomaxilla in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), left septomaxilla in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), right septomaxilla in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left septomaxilla in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right septomaxilla in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left septomaxilla in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left septomaxilla in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. Abbreviations: aex, anteroventral expansion; alp, anterolateral process; fr, forked ridge; pex, posteroventral expansion; plp, posterolateral process; pmp, posteromedial process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2655A1DFF1FFA212591AB99.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829164/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829164	Figure 26. Palatines. A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), right palatine in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left palatine in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right palatine in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, I. monticola cantabrica (UAM.R.Lm92), left palatine in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left palatine in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left palatine in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right palatine in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right palatine in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left palatine in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left palatine in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views (the anterior end is broken). Abbreviations: ap, anterior projection of the vomerine process; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asp, articulation surface with the pterygoid; cc, choanal duct; if, infraorbital foramen; l, lappet; mp, maxillary process; pp, pterygoid process; pr, palatine ridge; sd, sulcus dorsalis; vp, vomerine process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 26. Palatines. A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), right palatine in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left palatine in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right palatine in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, I. monticola cantabrica (UAM.R.Lm92), left palatine in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left palatine in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left palatine in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right palatine in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right palatine in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left palatine in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left palatine in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views (the anterior end is broken). Abbreviations: ap, anterior projection of the vomerine process; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asp, articulation surface with the pterygoid; cc, choanal duct; if, infraorbital foramen; l, lappet; mp, maxillary process; pp, pterygoid process; pr, palatine ridge; sd, sulcus dorsalis; vp, vomerine process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2655A12FC87F8F42578ADB6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829164/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829164	Figure 26. Palatines. A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), right palatine in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left palatine in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right palatine in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, I. monticola cantabrica (UAM.R.Lm92), left palatine in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left palatine in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left palatine in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right palatine in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right palatine in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left palatine in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left palatine in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views (the anterior end is broken). Abbreviations: ap, anterior projection of the vomerine process; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asp, articulation surface with the pterygoid; cc, choanal duct; if, infraorbital foramen; l, lappet; mp, maxillary process; pp, pterygoid process; pr, palatine ridge; sd, sulcus dorsalis; vp, vomerine process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 26. Palatines. A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), right palatine in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left palatine in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right palatine in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, I. monticola cantabrica (UAM.R.Lm92), left palatine in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left palatine in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left palatine in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right palatine in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right palatine in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left palatine in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left palatine in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views (the anterior end is broken). Abbreviations: ap, anterior projection of the vomerine process; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asp, articulation surface with the pterygoid; cc, choanal duct; if, infraorbital foramen; l, lappet; mp, maxillary process; pp, pterygoid process; pr, palatine ridge; sd, sulcus dorsalis; vp, vomerine process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D26A5A13FC95FEC82083AC78.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829164/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829164	Figure 26. Palatines. A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), right palatine in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left palatine in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right palatine in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, I. monticola cantabrica (UAM.R.Lm92), left palatine in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left palatine in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left palatine in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right palatine in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right palatine in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left palatine in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left palatine in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views (the anterior end is broken). Abbreviations: ap, anterior projection of the vomerine process; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asp, articulation surface with the pterygoid; cc, choanal duct; if, infraorbital foramen; l, lappet; mp, maxillary process; pp, pterygoid process; pr, palatine ridge; sd, sulcus dorsalis; vp, vomerine process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 26. Palatines. A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), right palatine in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left palatine in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right palatine in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, I. monticola cantabrica (UAM.R.Lm92), left palatine in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left palatine in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), left palatine in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right palatine in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right palatine in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left palatine in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left palatine in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views (the anterior end is broken). Abbreviations: ap, anterior projection of the vomerine process; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asp, articulation surface with the pterygoid; cc, choanal duct; if, infraorbital foramen; l, lappet; mp, maxillary process; pp, pterygoid process; pr, palatine ridge; sd, sulcus dorsalis; vp, vomerine process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D26A5A13FC95FEC82083AC78.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829166/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829166	Figure 27. Pterygoids. A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), right pterygoid in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Al. fitzingeri (MDHC 351), left pterygoid in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left pterygoid in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left pterygoid in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 94), left pterygoid in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views (the tip of the pterygoid flange is broken). K–L, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right pterygoid in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right pterygoid in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left pterygoid in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right pterygoid in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left pterygoid in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views (the anterior end of the palatine process is broken). U–V, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), right pterygoid in lateral (U) and medial (V) views. W–X, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right pterygoid in lateral (W) and medial (X) views. Abbreviations: bf, basipterygoid fossa; bp, basisphenoid process; fc, fossa columellae; isp, insertion surface of the pterygoideus muscle; pf, pterygoid flange; pp, palatine process; pre, pterygoid recess; pri, pterygoid ridge; qp, quadrate process; rpm, ridge for the insertion of the pterigomandibular muscle; rsp, ridge for the insertion of the superficial pseudotemporal muscle; vf, ventral flange. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 27. Pterygoids. A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), right pterygoid in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Al. fitzingeri (MDHC 351), left pterygoid in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left pterygoid in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left pterygoid in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 94), left pterygoid in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views (the tip of the pterygoid flange is broken). K–L, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right pterygoid in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right pterygoid in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left pterygoid in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right pterygoid in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left pterygoid in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views (the anterior end of the palatine process is broken). U–V, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), right pterygoid in lateral (U) and medial (V) views. W–X, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right pterygoid in lateral (W) and medial (X) views. Abbreviations: bf, basipterygoid fossa; bp, basisphenoid process; fc, fossa columellae; isp, insertion surface of the pterygoideus muscle; pf, pterygoid flange; pp, palatine process; pre, pterygoid recess; pri, pterygoid ridge; qp, quadrate process; rpm, ridge for the insertion of the pterigomandibular muscle; rsp, ridge for the insertion of the superficial pseudotemporal muscle; vf, ventral flange. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D26A5A13FC95FEC82083AC78.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829168/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829168	Figure 28. Pterygoids (continued). A–B, Al. fitzingeri (MDHC 351), left pterygoid in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left pterygoid in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left pterygoid in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G–H, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 94), left pterygoid in lateral (G) and medial (H) views (the tip of the pterygoid flange is broken). I–J, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right pterygoid in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right pterygoid in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Trachylepis aurata (MDHC 280), left pterygoid in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right pterygoid in lateral (O) and medial (P) views. Q–R, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left pterygoid in lateral (Q) and medial (R) views (the anterior end of the palatine process is broken). Abbreviations: bf, basipterygoid fossa; isp, insertion surface of the pterygoideus muscle; pri, pterygoid ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 28. Pterygoids (continued). A–B, Al. fitzingeri (MDHC 351), left pterygoid in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left pterygoid in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left pterygoid in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G–H, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 94), left pterygoid in lateral (G) and medial (H) views (the tip of the pterygoid flange is broken). I–J, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right pterygoid in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right pterygoid in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Trachylepis aurata (MDHC 280), left pterygoid in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right pterygoid in lateral (O) and medial (P) views. Q–R, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left pterygoid in lateral (Q) and medial (R) views (the anterior end of the palatine process is broken). Abbreviations: bf, basipterygoid fossa; isp, insertion surface of the pterygoideus muscle; pri, pterygoid ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D26B5A10FC87FF3F21CFAE96.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829166/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829166	Figure 27. Pterygoids. A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), right pterygoid in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Al. fitzingeri (MDHC 351), left pterygoid in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left pterygoid in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left pterygoid in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 94), left pterygoid in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views (the tip of the pterygoid flange is broken). K–L, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right pterygoid in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right pterygoid in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left pterygoid in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right pterygoid in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left pterygoid in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views (the anterior end of the palatine process is broken). U–V, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), right pterygoid in lateral (U) and medial (V) views. W–X, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right pterygoid in lateral (W) and medial (X) views. Abbreviations: bf, basipterygoid fossa; bp, basisphenoid process; fc, fossa columellae; isp, insertion surface of the pterygoideus muscle; pf, pterygoid flange; pp, palatine process; pre, pterygoid recess; pri, pterygoid ridge; qp, quadrate process; rpm, ridge for the insertion of the pterigomandibular muscle; rsp, ridge for the insertion of the superficial pseudotemporal muscle; vf, ventral flange. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 27. Pterygoids. A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), right pterygoid in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Al. fitzingeri (MDHC 351), left pterygoid in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left pterygoid in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left pterygoid in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 94), left pterygoid in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views (the tip of the pterygoid flange is broken). K–L, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right pterygoid in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right pterygoid in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left pterygoid in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right pterygoid in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left pterygoid in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views (the anterior end of the palatine process is broken). U–V, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), right pterygoid in lateral (U) and medial (V) views. W–X, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right pterygoid in lateral (W) and medial (X) views. Abbreviations: bf, basipterygoid fossa; bp, basisphenoid process; fc, fossa columellae; isp, insertion surface of the pterygoideus muscle; pf, pterygoid flange; pp, palatine process; pre, pterygoid recess; pri, pterygoid ridge; qp, quadrate process; rpm, ridge for the insertion of the pterigomandibular muscle; rsp, ridge for the insertion of the superficial pseudotemporal muscle; vf, ventral flange. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2685A10FF2DFBED21D1AB96.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829166/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829166	Figure 27. Pterygoids. A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), right pterygoid in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Al. fitzingeri (MDHC 351), left pterygoid in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left pterygoid in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left pterygoid in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 94), left pterygoid in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views (the tip of the pterygoid flange is broken). K–L, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right pterygoid in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right pterygoid in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left pterygoid in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right pterygoid in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left pterygoid in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views (the anterior end of the palatine process is broken). U–V, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), right pterygoid in lateral (U) and medial (V) views. W–X, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right pterygoid in lateral (W) and medial (X) views. Abbreviations: bf, basipterygoid fossa; bp, basisphenoid process; fc, fossa columellae; isp, insertion surface of the pterygoideus muscle; pf, pterygoid flange; pp, palatine process; pre, pterygoid recess; pri, pterygoid ridge; qp, quadrate process; rpm, ridge for the insertion of the pterigomandibular muscle; rsp, ridge for the insertion of the superficial pseudotemporal muscle; vf, ventral flange. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 27. Pterygoids. A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), right pterygoid in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Al. fitzingeri (MDHC 351), left pterygoid in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left pterygoid in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left pterygoid in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 94), left pterygoid in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views (the tip of the pterygoid flange is broken). K–L, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right pterygoid in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right pterygoid in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left pterygoid in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right pterygoid in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left pterygoid in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views (the anterior end of the palatine process is broken). U–V, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), right pterygoid in lateral (U) and medial (V) views. W–X, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right pterygoid in lateral (W) and medial (X) views. Abbreviations: bf, basipterygoid fossa; bp, basisphenoid process; fc, fossa columellae; isp, insertion surface of the pterygoideus muscle; pf, pterygoid flange; pp, palatine process; pre, pterygoid recess; pri, pterygoid ridge; qp, quadrate process; rpm, ridge for the insertion of the pterigomandibular muscle; rsp, ridge for the insertion of the superficial pseudotemporal muscle; vf, ventral flange. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2685A11FF2DF8E820FDAC3B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829166/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829166	Figure 27. Pterygoids. A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), right pterygoid in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Al. fitzingeri (MDHC 351), left pterygoid in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left pterygoid in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left pterygoid in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 94), left pterygoid in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views (the tip of the pterygoid flange is broken). K–L, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right pterygoid in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right pterygoid in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left pterygoid in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right pterygoid in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left pterygoid in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views (the anterior end of the palatine process is broken). U–V, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), right pterygoid in lateral (U) and medial (V) views. W–X, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right pterygoid in lateral (W) and medial (X) views. Abbreviations: bf, basipterygoid fossa; bp, basisphenoid process; fc, fossa columellae; isp, insertion surface of the pterygoideus muscle; pf, pterygoid flange; pp, palatine process; pre, pterygoid recess; pri, pterygoid ridge; qp, quadrate process; rpm, ridge for the insertion of the pterigomandibular muscle; rsp, ridge for the insertion of the superficial pseudotemporal muscle; vf, ventral flange. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 27. Pterygoids. A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), right pterygoid in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Al. fitzingeri (MDHC 351), left pterygoid in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left pterygoid in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left pterygoid in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 94), left pterygoid in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views (the tip of the pterygoid flange is broken). K–L, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right pterygoid in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right pterygoid in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left pterygoid in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right pterygoid in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left pterygoid in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views (the anterior end of the palatine process is broken). U–V, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), right pterygoid in lateral (U) and medial (V) views. W–X, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right pterygoid in lateral (W) and medial (X) views. Abbreviations: bf, basipterygoid fossa; bp, basisphenoid process; fc, fossa columellae; isp, insertion surface of the pterygoideus muscle; pf, pterygoid flange; pp, palatine process; pre, pterygoid recess; pri, pterygoid ridge; qp, quadrate process; rpm, ridge for the insertion of the pterigomandibular muscle; rsp, ridge for the insertion of the superficial pseudotemporal muscle; vf, ventral flange. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2685A11FF2DF8E820FDAC3B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829168/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829168	Figure 28. Pterygoids (continued). A–B, Al. fitzingeri (MDHC 351), left pterygoid in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left pterygoid in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left pterygoid in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G–H, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 94), left pterygoid in lateral (G) and medial (H) views (the tip of the pterygoid flange is broken). I–J, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right pterygoid in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right pterygoid in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Trachylepis aurata (MDHC 280), left pterygoid in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right pterygoid in lateral (O) and medial (P) views. Q–R, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left pterygoid in lateral (Q) and medial (R) views (the anterior end of the palatine process is broken). Abbreviations: bf, basipterygoid fossa; isp, insertion surface of the pterygoideus muscle; pri, pterygoid ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 28. Pterygoids (continued). A–B, Al. fitzingeri (MDHC 351), left pterygoid in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left pterygoid in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left pterygoid in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G–H, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 94), left pterygoid in lateral (G) and medial (H) views (the tip of the pterygoid flange is broken). I–J, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right pterygoid in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right pterygoid in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Trachylepis aurata (MDHC 280), left pterygoid in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right pterygoid in lateral (O) and medial (P) views. Q–R, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left pterygoid in lateral (Q) and medial (R) views (the anterior end of the palatine process is broken). Abbreviations: bf, basipterygoid fossa; isp, insertion surface of the pterygoideus muscle; pri, pterygoid ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2695A16FF1FFE552372AE96.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829166/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829166	Figure 27. Pterygoids. A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), right pterygoid in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Al. fitzingeri (MDHC 351), left pterygoid in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left pterygoid in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left pterygoid in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 94), left pterygoid in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views (the tip of the pterygoid flange is broken). K–L, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right pterygoid in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right pterygoid in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left pterygoid in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right pterygoid in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left pterygoid in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views (the anterior end of the palatine process is broken). U–V, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), right pterygoid in lateral (U) and medial (V) views. W–X, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right pterygoid in lateral (W) and medial (X) views. Abbreviations: bf, basipterygoid fossa; bp, basisphenoid process; fc, fossa columellae; isp, insertion surface of the pterygoideus muscle; pf, pterygoid flange; pp, palatine process; pre, pterygoid recess; pri, pterygoid ridge; qp, quadrate process; rpm, ridge for the insertion of the pterigomandibular muscle; rsp, ridge for the insertion of the superficial pseudotemporal muscle; vf, ventral flange. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 27. Pterygoids. A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), right pterygoid in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Al. fitzingeri (MDHC 351), left pterygoid in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left pterygoid in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left pterygoid in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 94), left pterygoid in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views (the tip of the pterygoid flange is broken). K–L, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right pterygoid in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right pterygoid in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left pterygoid in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right pterygoid in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left pterygoid in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views (the anterior end of the palatine process is broken). U–V, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), right pterygoid in lateral (U) and medial (V) views. W–X, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right pterygoid in lateral (W) and medial (X) views. Abbreviations: bf, basipterygoid fossa; bp, basisphenoid process; fc, fossa columellae; isp, insertion surface of the pterygoideus muscle; pf, pterygoid flange; pp, palatine process; pre, pterygoid recess; pri, pterygoid ridge; qp, quadrate process; rpm, ridge for the insertion of the pterigomandibular muscle; rsp, ridge for the insertion of the superficial pseudotemporal muscle; vf, ventral flange. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2695A16FF1FFE552372AE96.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829168/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829168	Figure 28. Pterygoids (continued). A–B, Al. fitzingeri (MDHC 351), left pterygoid in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left pterygoid in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left pterygoid in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G–H, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 94), left pterygoid in lateral (G) and medial (H) views (the tip of the pterygoid flange is broken). I–J, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right pterygoid in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right pterygoid in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Trachylepis aurata (MDHC 280), left pterygoid in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right pterygoid in lateral (O) and medial (P) views. Q–R, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left pterygoid in lateral (Q) and medial (R) views (the anterior end of the palatine process is broken). Abbreviations: bf, basipterygoid fossa; isp, insertion surface of the pterygoideus muscle; pri, pterygoid ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 28. Pterygoids (continued). A–B, Al. fitzingeri (MDHC 351), left pterygoid in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left pterygoid in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left pterygoid in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G–H, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 94), left pterygoid in lateral (G) and medial (H) views (the tip of the pterygoid flange is broken). I–J, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right pterygoid in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right pterygoid in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Trachylepis aurata (MDHC 280), left pterygoid in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right pterygoid in lateral (O) and medial (P) views. Q–R, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left pterygoid in lateral (Q) and medial (R) views (the anterior end of the palatine process is broken). Abbreviations: bf, basipterygoid fossa; isp, insertion surface of the pterygoideus muscle; pri, pterygoid ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D26E5A16FC95FE8222A3AE8F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829170/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829170	Figure 29. Ectopterygoids. A–E, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left ectopterygoid in anterior (A), dorsal (B), ventral (C), medial (D) and lateral (E) views. F–J, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), right ectopterygoid in anterior (F), dorsal (G), ventral (H), medial (I) and lateral (J) views. K–L, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right ectopterygoid in ventral (K) and dorsal (L) views. M–N, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), left ectopterygoid in ventral (M) and dorsal (N) views. O–P, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), right ectopterygoid in ventral (O) and dorsal (P) views. Q–R, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right ectopterygoid in ventral (Q) and dorsal (R) views. S–T, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right ectopterygoid in ventral (S) and dorsal (T) views. U–V, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right ectopterygoid in ventral (U) and dorsal (V) views. W–X, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right ectopterygoid in ventral (W) and dorsal (X) views. Y–Z, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right ectopterygoid in ventral (Y) and dorsal (Z) views. AA–AB, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left ectopterygoid in ventral (AA) and dorsal (AB) views. Abbreviations: al, anteromedial lappet of the posteromedial process; alp, anterolateral process; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asp, articulation surface with the pterygoid flange; dl, dorsal lappet of the posteromedial process; plp, posterolateral process; pmp, posteromedial process; vl, ventral lappet of the posteromedial process; vp, ventral process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 29. Ectopterygoids. A–E, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left ectopterygoid in anterior (A), dorsal (B), ventral (C), medial (D) and lateral (E) views. F–J, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), right ectopterygoid in anterior (F), dorsal (G), ventral (H), medial (I) and lateral (J) views. K–L, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right ectopterygoid in ventral (K) and dorsal (L) views. M–N, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), left ectopterygoid in ventral (M) and dorsal (N) views. O–P, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), right ectopterygoid in ventral (O) and dorsal (P) views. Q–R, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right ectopterygoid in ventral (Q) and dorsal (R) views. S–T, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right ectopterygoid in ventral (S) and dorsal (T) views. U–V, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right ectopterygoid in ventral (U) and dorsal (V) views. W–X, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right ectopterygoid in ventral (W) and dorsal (X) views. Y–Z, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right ectopterygoid in ventral (Y) and dorsal (Z) views. AA–AB, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left ectopterygoid in ventral (AA) and dorsal (AB) views. Abbreviations: al, anteromedial lappet of the posteromedial process; alp, anterolateral process; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asp, articulation surface with the pterygoid flange; dl, dorsal lappet of the posteromedial process; plp, posterolateral process; pmp, posteromedial process; vl, ventral lappet of the posteromedial process; vp, ventral process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D26E5A16FF2DFBE022CCAC70.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829166/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829166	Figure 27. Pterygoids. A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), right pterygoid in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Al. fitzingeri (MDHC 351), left pterygoid in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left pterygoid in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left pterygoid in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 94), left pterygoid in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views (the tip of the pterygoid flange is broken). K–L, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right pterygoid in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right pterygoid in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left pterygoid in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right pterygoid in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left pterygoid in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views (the anterior end of the palatine process is broken). U–V, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), right pterygoid in lateral (U) and medial (V) views. W–X, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right pterygoid in lateral (W) and medial (X) views. Abbreviations: bf, basipterygoid fossa; bp, basisphenoid process; fc, fossa columellae; isp, insertion surface of the pterygoideus muscle; pf, pterygoid flange; pp, palatine process; pre, pterygoid recess; pri, pterygoid ridge; qp, quadrate process; rpm, ridge for the insertion of the pterigomandibular muscle; rsp, ridge for the insertion of the superficial pseudotemporal muscle; vf, ventral flange. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 27. Pterygoids. A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), right pterygoid in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Al. fitzingeri (MDHC 351), left pterygoid in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left pterygoid in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left pterygoid in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 94), left pterygoid in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views (the tip of the pterygoid flange is broken). K–L, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right pterygoid in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right pterygoid in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left pterygoid in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right pterygoid in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left pterygoid in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views (the anterior end of the palatine process is broken). U–V, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), right pterygoid in lateral (U) and medial (V) views. W–X, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right pterygoid in lateral (W) and medial (X) views. Abbreviations: bf, basipterygoid fossa; bp, basisphenoid process; fc, fossa columellae; isp, insertion surface of the pterygoideus muscle; pf, pterygoid flange; pp, palatine process; pre, pterygoid recess; pri, pterygoid ridge; qp, quadrate process; rpm, ridge for the insertion of the pterigomandibular muscle; rsp, ridge for the insertion of the superficial pseudotemporal muscle; vf, ventral flange. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D26E5A16FF2DFBE022CCAC70.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829168/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829168	Figure 28. Pterygoids (continued). A–B, Al. fitzingeri (MDHC 351), left pterygoid in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left pterygoid in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left pterygoid in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G–H, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 94), left pterygoid in lateral (G) and medial (H) views (the tip of the pterygoid flange is broken). I–J, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right pterygoid in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right pterygoid in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Trachylepis aurata (MDHC 280), left pterygoid in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right pterygoid in lateral (O) and medial (P) views. Q–R, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left pterygoid in lateral (Q) and medial (R) views (the anterior end of the palatine process is broken). Abbreviations: bf, basipterygoid fossa; isp, insertion surface of the pterygoideus muscle; pri, pterygoid ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 28. Pterygoids (continued). A–B, Al. fitzingeri (MDHC 351), left pterygoid in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left pterygoid in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left pterygoid in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G–H, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 94), left pterygoid in lateral (G) and medial (H) views (the tip of the pterygoid flange is broken). I–J, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right pterygoid in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right pterygoid in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Trachylepis aurata (MDHC 280), left pterygoid in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right pterygoid in lateral (O) and medial (P) views. Q–R, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left pterygoid in lateral (Q) and medial (R) views (the anterior end of the palatine process is broken). Abbreviations: bf, basipterygoid fossa; isp, insertion surface of the pterygoideus muscle; pri, pterygoid ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D26E5A16FF2DFBE022CCAC70.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829170/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829170	Figure 29. Ectopterygoids. A–E, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left ectopterygoid in anterior (A), dorsal (B), ventral (C), medial (D) and lateral (E) views. F–J, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), right ectopterygoid in anterior (F), dorsal (G), ventral (H), medial (I) and lateral (J) views. K–L, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right ectopterygoid in ventral (K) and dorsal (L) views. M–N, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), left ectopterygoid in ventral (M) and dorsal (N) views. O–P, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), right ectopterygoid in ventral (O) and dorsal (P) views. Q–R, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right ectopterygoid in ventral (Q) and dorsal (R) views. S–T, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right ectopterygoid in ventral (S) and dorsal (T) views. U–V, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right ectopterygoid in ventral (U) and dorsal (V) views. W–X, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right ectopterygoid in ventral (W) and dorsal (X) views. Y–Z, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right ectopterygoid in ventral (Y) and dorsal (Z) views. AA–AB, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left ectopterygoid in ventral (AA) and dorsal (AB) views. Abbreviations: al, anteromedial lappet of the posteromedial process; alp, anterolateral process; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asp, articulation surface with the pterygoid flange; dl, dorsal lappet of the posteromedial process; plp, posterolateral process; pmp, posteromedial process; vl, ventral lappet of the posteromedial process; vp, ventral process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 29. Ectopterygoids. A–E, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left ectopterygoid in anterior (A), dorsal (B), ventral (C), medial (D) and lateral (E) views. F–J, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), right ectopterygoid in anterior (F), dorsal (G), ventral (H), medial (I) and lateral (J) views. K–L, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right ectopterygoid in ventral (K) and dorsal (L) views. M–N, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), left ectopterygoid in ventral (M) and dorsal (N) views. O–P, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), right ectopterygoid in ventral (O) and dorsal (P) views. Q–R, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right ectopterygoid in ventral (Q) and dorsal (R) views. S–T, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right ectopterygoid in ventral (S) and dorsal (T) views. U–V, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right ectopterygoid in ventral (U) and dorsal (V) views. W–X, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right ectopterygoid in ventral (W) and dorsal (X) views. Y–Z, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right ectopterygoid in ventral (Y) and dorsal (Z) views. AA–AB, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left ectopterygoid in ventral (AA) and dorsal (AB) views. Abbreviations: al, anteromedial lappet of the posteromedial process; alp, anterolateral process; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asp, articulation surface with the pterygoid flange; dl, dorsal lappet of the posteromedial process; plp, posterolateral process; pmp, posteromedial process; vl, ventral lappet of the posteromedial process; vp, ventral process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D26E5A16FC95FC0225EDA8C8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829170/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829170	Figure 29. Ectopterygoids. A–E, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left ectopterygoid in anterior (A), dorsal (B), ventral (C), medial (D) and lateral (E) views. F–J, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), right ectopterygoid in anterior (F), dorsal (G), ventral (H), medial (I) and lateral (J) views. K–L, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right ectopterygoid in ventral (K) and dorsal (L) views. M–N, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), left ectopterygoid in ventral (M) and dorsal (N) views. O–P, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), right ectopterygoid in ventral (O) and dorsal (P) views. Q–R, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right ectopterygoid in ventral (Q) and dorsal (R) views. S–T, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right ectopterygoid in ventral (S) and dorsal (T) views. U–V, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right ectopterygoid in ventral (U) and dorsal (V) views. W–X, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right ectopterygoid in ventral (W) and dorsal (X) views. Y–Z, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right ectopterygoid in ventral (Y) and dorsal (Z) views. AA–AB, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left ectopterygoid in ventral (AA) and dorsal (AB) views. Abbreviations: al, anteromedial lappet of the posteromedial process; alp, anterolateral process; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asp, articulation surface with the pterygoid flange; dl, dorsal lappet of the posteromedial process; plp, posterolateral process; pmp, posteromedial process; vl, ventral lappet of the posteromedial process; vp, ventral process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 29. Ectopterygoids. A–E, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left ectopterygoid in anterior (A), dorsal (B), ventral (C), medial (D) and lateral (E) views. F–J, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), right ectopterygoid in anterior (F), dorsal (G), ventral (H), medial (I) and lateral (J) views. K–L, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right ectopterygoid in ventral (K) and dorsal (L) views. M–N, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), left ectopterygoid in ventral (M) and dorsal (N) views. O–P, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), right ectopterygoid in ventral (O) and dorsal (P) views. Q–R, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right ectopterygoid in ventral (Q) and dorsal (R) views. S–T, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right ectopterygoid in ventral (S) and dorsal (T) views. U–V, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right ectopterygoid in ventral (U) and dorsal (V) views. W–X, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right ectopterygoid in ventral (W) and dorsal (X) views. Y–Z, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right ectopterygoid in ventral (Y) and dorsal (Z) views. AA–AB, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left ectopterygoid in ventral (AA) and dorsal (AB) views. Abbreviations: al, anteromedial lappet of the posteromedial process; alp, anterolateral process; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asp, articulation surface with the pterygoid flange; dl, dorsal lappet of the posteromedial process; plp, posterolateral process; pmp, posteromedial process; vl, ventral lappet of the posteromedial process; vp, ventral process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D26E5A17FC95FA3820B2ACDC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829170/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829170	Figure 29. Ectopterygoids. A–E, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left ectopterygoid in anterior (A), dorsal (B), ventral (C), medial (D) and lateral (E) views. F–J, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), right ectopterygoid in anterior (F), dorsal (G), ventral (H), medial (I) and lateral (J) views. K–L, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right ectopterygoid in ventral (K) and dorsal (L) views. M–N, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), left ectopterygoid in ventral (M) and dorsal (N) views. O–P, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), right ectopterygoid in ventral (O) and dorsal (P) views. Q–R, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right ectopterygoid in ventral (Q) and dorsal (R) views. S–T, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right ectopterygoid in ventral (S) and dorsal (T) views. U–V, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right ectopterygoid in ventral (U) and dorsal (V) views. W–X, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right ectopterygoid in ventral (W) and dorsal (X) views. Y–Z, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right ectopterygoid in ventral (Y) and dorsal (Z) views. AA–AB, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left ectopterygoid in ventral (AA) and dorsal (AB) views. Abbreviations: al, anteromedial lappet of the posteromedial process; alp, anterolateral process; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asp, articulation surface with the pterygoid flange; dl, dorsal lappet of the posteromedial process; plp, posterolateral process; pmp, posteromedial process; vl, ventral lappet of the posteromedial process; vp, ventral process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 29. Ectopterygoids. A–E, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left ectopterygoid in anterior (A), dorsal (B), ventral (C), medial (D) and lateral (E) views. F–J, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), right ectopterygoid in anterior (F), dorsal (G), ventral (H), medial (I) and lateral (J) views. K–L, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right ectopterygoid in ventral (K) and dorsal (L) views. M–N, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), left ectopterygoid in ventral (M) and dorsal (N) views. O–P, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), right ectopterygoid in ventral (O) and dorsal (P) views. Q–R, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right ectopterygoid in ventral (Q) and dorsal (R) views. S–T, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right ectopterygoid in ventral (S) and dorsal (T) views. U–V, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right ectopterygoid in ventral (U) and dorsal (V) views. W–X, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right ectopterygoid in ventral (W) and dorsal (X) views. Y–Z, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right ectopterygoid in ventral (Y) and dorsal (Z) views. AA–AB, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left ectopterygoid in ventral (AA) and dorsal (AB) views. Abbreviations: al, anteromedial lappet of the posteromedial process; alp, anterolateral process; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asp, articulation surface with the pterygoid flange; dl, dorsal lappet of the posteromedial process; plp, posterolateral process; pmp, posteromedial process; vl, ventral lappet of the posteromedial process; vp, ventral process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D26F5A14FC87FF3F20FFAFAB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829170/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829170	Figure 29. Ectopterygoids. A–E, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left ectopterygoid in anterior (A), dorsal (B), ventral (C), medial (D) and lateral (E) views. F–J, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), right ectopterygoid in anterior (F), dorsal (G), ventral (H), medial (I) and lateral (J) views. K–L, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right ectopterygoid in ventral (K) and dorsal (L) views. M–N, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), left ectopterygoid in ventral (M) and dorsal (N) views. O–P, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), right ectopterygoid in ventral (O) and dorsal (P) views. Q–R, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right ectopterygoid in ventral (Q) and dorsal (R) views. S–T, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right ectopterygoid in ventral (S) and dorsal (T) views. U–V, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right ectopterygoid in ventral (U) and dorsal (V) views. W–X, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right ectopterygoid in ventral (W) and dorsal (X) views. Y–Z, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right ectopterygoid in ventral (Y) and dorsal (Z) views. AA–AB, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left ectopterygoid in ventral (AA) and dorsal (AB) views. Abbreviations: al, anteromedial lappet of the posteromedial process; alp, anterolateral process; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asp, articulation surface with the pterygoid flange; dl, dorsal lappet of the posteromedial process; plp, posterolateral process; pmp, posteromedial process; vl, ventral lappet of the posteromedial process; vp, ventral process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 29. Ectopterygoids. A–E, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left ectopterygoid in anterior (A), dorsal (B), ventral (C), medial (D) and lateral (E) views. F–J, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), right ectopterygoid in anterior (F), dorsal (G), ventral (H), medial (I) and lateral (J) views. K–L, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right ectopterygoid in ventral (K) and dorsal (L) views. M–N, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), left ectopterygoid in ventral (M) and dorsal (N) views. O–P, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), right ectopterygoid in ventral (O) and dorsal (P) views. Q–R, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right ectopterygoid in ventral (Q) and dorsal (R) views. S–T, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right ectopterygoid in ventral (S) and dorsal (T) views. U–V, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right ectopterygoid in ventral (U) and dorsal (V) views. W–X, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right ectopterygoid in ventral (W) and dorsal (X) views. Y–Z, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right ectopterygoid in ventral (Y) and dorsal (Z) views. AA–AB, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left ectopterygoid in ventral (AA) and dorsal (AB) views. Abbreviations: al, anteromedial lappet of the posteromedial process; alp, anterolateral process; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asp, articulation surface with the pterygoid flange; dl, dorsal lappet of the posteromedial process; plp, posterolateral process; pmp, posteromedial process; vl, ventral lappet of the posteromedial process; vp, ventral process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D26C5A14FF2DFCE725C8ACA0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829170/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829170	Figure 29. Ectopterygoids. A–E, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left ectopterygoid in anterior (A), dorsal (B), ventral (C), medial (D) and lateral (E) views. F–J, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), right ectopterygoid in anterior (F), dorsal (G), ventral (H), medial (I) and lateral (J) views. K–L, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right ectopterygoid in ventral (K) and dorsal (L) views. M–N, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), left ectopterygoid in ventral (M) and dorsal (N) views. O–P, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), right ectopterygoid in ventral (O) and dorsal (P) views. Q–R, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right ectopterygoid in ventral (Q) and dorsal (R) views. S–T, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right ectopterygoid in ventral (S) and dorsal (T) views. U–V, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right ectopterygoid in ventral (U) and dorsal (V) views. W–X, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right ectopterygoid in ventral (W) and dorsal (X) views. Y–Z, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right ectopterygoid in ventral (Y) and dorsal (Z) views. AA–AB, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left ectopterygoid in ventral (AA) and dorsal (AB) views. Abbreviations: al, anteromedial lappet of the posteromedial process; alp, anterolateral process; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asp, articulation surface with the pterygoid flange; dl, dorsal lappet of the posteromedial process; plp, posterolateral process; pmp, posteromedial process; vl, ventral lappet of the posteromedial process; vp, ventral process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 29. Ectopterygoids. A–E, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left ectopterygoid in anterior (A), dorsal (B), ventral (C), medial (D) and lateral (E) views. F–J, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), right ectopterygoid in anterior (F), dorsal (G), ventral (H), medial (I) and lateral (J) views. K–L, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right ectopterygoid in ventral (K) and dorsal (L) views. M–N, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), left ectopterygoid in ventral (M) and dorsal (N) views. O–P, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), right ectopterygoid in ventral (O) and dorsal (P) views. Q–R, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), right ectopterygoid in ventral (Q) and dorsal (R) views. S–T, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right ectopterygoid in ventral (S) and dorsal (T) views. U–V, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right ectopterygoid in ventral (U) and dorsal (V) views. W–X, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right ectopterygoid in ventral (W) and dorsal (X) views. Y–Z, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right ectopterygoid in ventral (Y) and dorsal (Z) views. AA–AB, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left ectopterygoid in ventral (AA) and dorsal (AB) views. Abbreviations: al, anteromedial lappet of the posteromedial process; alp, anterolateral process; asm, articulation surface with the maxilla; asp, articulation surface with the pterygoid flange; dl, dorsal lappet of the posteromedial process; plp, posterolateral process; pmp, posteromedial process; vl, ventral lappet of the posteromedial process; vp, ventral process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D26C5A14FF2DFCE725C8ACA0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829172/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829172	Figure 30. Braincases. A–E, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), braincase in anterior (A), right lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 15), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. The parasphenoid rostrum is broken in both specimens. Abbreviations: ap, alar process; asc, anterior semicircular canal; b, basioccipital; bp, basipterygoid process; ca, crista alaris; fma, foramen magnum; fo, fenestra ovalis; glhv, groove of the lateral head vein; hsc, horizontal semicircular canal; o, otooccipital; oc, occipital condyle; p, prootic; pap, paroccipital process; povc, posterior opening of the Vidian canal; rvj, recessus vena jugularis; sp, sphenoid; su, supraoccipital; tc, trabecula cranii. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 30. Braincases. A–E, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), braincase in anterior (A), right lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 15), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. The parasphenoid rostrum is broken in both specimens. Abbreviations: ap, alar process; asc, anterior semicircular canal; b, basioccipital; bp, basipterygoid process; ca, crista alaris; fma, foramen magnum; fo, fenestra ovalis; glhv, groove of the lateral head vein; hsc, horizontal semicircular canal; o, otooccipital; oc, occipital condyle; p, prootic; pap, paroccipital process; povc, posterior opening of the Vidian canal; rvj, recessus vena jugularis; sp, sphenoid; su, supraoccipital; tc, trabecula cranii. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D26C5A14FF2DFCE725C8ACA0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829174/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829174	Figure 31. Braincases (continued). A–E, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. Abbreviations: aovc, anterior opening of the Vidian canal; cc, cochlear cavity; cp, crista prootica; ip, incisura prootica; pp, posterior process of the prootic; psc, posterior semicircular canal; vf, vagus foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 31. Braincases (continued). A–E, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. Abbreviations: aovc, anterior opening of the Vidian canal; cc, cochlear cavity; cp, crista prootica; ip, incisura prootica; pp, posterior process of the prootic; psc, posterior semicircular canal; vf, vagus foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D26C5A14FF2DFCE725C8ACA0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829176/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829176	Figure 32. Braincases (continued). A–E, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), braincase in anterior (A), right lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. Abbreviations: ci, crista interfenestralis; ctr, crista trabecularis; ctu, crista tuberalis; lrst, lateral opening of the recessus scalae tympani; rst, recessus scalae tympani; sc, supraoccipital crest; st, sphenooccipital tubercle. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 32. Braincases (continued). A–E, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), braincase in anterior (A), right lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. Abbreviations: ci, crista interfenestralis; ctr, crista trabecularis; ctu, crista tuberalis; lrst, lateral opening of the recessus scalae tympani; rst, recessus scalae tympani; sc, supraoccipital crest; st, sphenooccipital tubercle. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D26C5A14FF2DFCE725C8ACA0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829178/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829178	Figure 33. Braincases (continued). A–E, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. Abbreviations: ff, facial foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 33. Braincases (continued). A–E, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. Abbreviations: ff, facial foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D26C5A14FF2DFCE725C8ACA0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829180/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829180	Figure 34. Braincases (continued). A–E, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views (the parasphenoid rostrum is broken). F–J, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views (the anterior end of the sphenoid and the basipterygoid processes are broken). Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 34. Braincases (continued). A–E, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views (the parasphenoid rostrum is broken). F–J, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views (the anterior end of the sphenoid and the basipterygoid processes are broken). Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D26C5A14FC95FBD724B8ABFD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829182/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829182	Figure 35. Posterior view of an articulated skull of Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 1887-875), showing the otooccipital portions (oc) of the occipital condyle excluding the basioccipital portion (b) from the margin of the foramen magnum. Scale bar = 1 mm.	Figure 35. Posterior view of an articulated skull of Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 1887-875), showing the otooccipital portions (oc) of the occipital condyle excluding the basioccipital portion (b) from the margin of the foramen magnum. Scale bar = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D26C5A08FC95F91023CCA986.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829172/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829172	Figure 30. Braincases. A–E, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), braincase in anterior (A), right lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 15), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. The parasphenoid rostrum is broken in both specimens. Abbreviations: ap, alar process; asc, anterior semicircular canal; b, basioccipital; bp, basipterygoid process; ca, crista alaris; fma, foramen magnum; fo, fenestra ovalis; glhv, groove of the lateral head vein; hsc, horizontal semicircular canal; o, otooccipital; oc, occipital condyle; p, prootic; pap, paroccipital process; povc, posterior opening of the Vidian canal; rvj, recessus vena jugularis; sp, sphenoid; su, supraoccipital; tc, trabecula cranii. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 30. Braincases. A–E, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), braincase in anterior (A), right lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 15), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. The parasphenoid rostrum is broken in both specimens. Abbreviations: ap, alar process; asc, anterior semicircular canal; b, basioccipital; bp, basipterygoid process; ca, crista alaris; fma, foramen magnum; fo, fenestra ovalis; glhv, groove of the lateral head vein; hsc, horizontal semicircular canal; o, otooccipital; oc, occipital condyle; p, prootic; pap, paroccipital process; povc, posterior opening of the Vidian canal; rvj, recessus vena jugularis; sp, sphenoid; su, supraoccipital; tc, trabecula cranii. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D26C5A08FC95F91023CCA986.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829174/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829174	Figure 31. Braincases (continued). A–E, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. Abbreviations: aovc, anterior opening of the Vidian canal; cc, cochlear cavity; cp, crista prootica; ip, incisura prootica; pp, posterior process of the prootic; psc, posterior semicircular canal; vf, vagus foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 31. Braincases (continued). A–E, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. Abbreviations: aovc, anterior opening of the Vidian canal; cc, cochlear cavity; cp, crista prootica; ip, incisura prootica; pp, posterior process of the prootic; psc, posterior semicircular canal; vf, vagus foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2705A09FF2DF93520CAAA12.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829180/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829180	Figure 34. Braincases (continued). A–E, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views (the parasphenoid rostrum is broken). F–J, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views (the anterior end of the sphenoid and the basipterygoid processes are broken). Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 34. Braincases (continued). A–E, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views (the parasphenoid rostrum is broken). F–J, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views (the anterior end of the sphenoid and the basipterygoid processes are broken). Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2705A09FF2DF93520CAAA12.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829184/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829184	Figure 36. Basioccipitals. A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), basioccipital in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (HUJ.OST-Z-380), basioccipital in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), basioccipital in dorsal view. F, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), basioccipital in dorsal view. G, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 49), basioccipital in dorsal view. Abbreviations: cc, cranial depression; lw, lateral wing; oc, occipital condyle; rst, recessus scalae tympani; st, sphenooccipital tubercle. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 36. Basioccipitals. A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), basioccipital in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (HUJ.OST-Z-380), basioccipital in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), basioccipital in dorsal view. F, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), basioccipital in dorsal view. G, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 49), basioccipital in dorsal view. Abbreviations: cc, cranial depression; lw, lateral wing; oc, occipital condyle; rst, recessus scalae tympani; st, sphenooccipital tubercle. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2705A08FF2DFAFD23D2ABD9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829174/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829174	Figure 31. Braincases (continued). A–E, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. Abbreviations: aovc, anterior opening of the Vidian canal; cc, cochlear cavity; cp, crista prootica; ip, incisura prootica; pp, posterior process of the prootic; psc, posterior semicircular canal; vf, vagus foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 31. Braincases (continued). A–E, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. Abbreviations: aovc, anterior opening of the Vidian canal; cc, cochlear cavity; cp, crista prootica; ip, incisura prootica; pp, posterior process of the prootic; psc, posterior semicircular canal; vf, vagus foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2705A08FF2DFAFD23D2ABD9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829176/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829176	Figure 32. Braincases (continued). A–E, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), braincase in anterior (A), right lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. Abbreviations: ci, crista interfenestralis; ctr, crista trabecularis; ctu, crista tuberalis; lrst, lateral opening of the recessus scalae tympani; rst, recessus scalae tympani; sc, supraoccipital crest; st, sphenooccipital tubercle. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 32. Braincases (continued). A–E, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), braincase in anterior (A), right lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. Abbreviations: ci, crista interfenestralis; ctr, crista trabecularis; ctu, crista tuberalis; lrst, lateral opening of the recessus scalae tympani; rst, recessus scalae tympani; sc, supraoccipital crest; st, sphenooccipital tubercle. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2705A08FF2DFAFD23D2ABD9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829178/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829178	Figure 33. Braincases (continued). A–E, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. Abbreviations: ff, facial foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 33. Braincases (continued). A–E, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. Abbreviations: ff, facial foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2715A09FC87F8F3248BAA28.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829184/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829184	Figure 36. Basioccipitals. A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), basioccipital in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (HUJ.OST-Z-380), basioccipital in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), basioccipital in dorsal view. F, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), basioccipital in dorsal view. G, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 49), basioccipital in dorsal view. Abbreviations: cc, cranial depression; lw, lateral wing; oc, occipital condyle; rst, recessus scalae tympani; st, sphenooccipital tubercle. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 36. Basioccipitals. A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), basioccipital in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (HUJ.OST-Z-380), basioccipital in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), basioccipital in dorsal view. F, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), basioccipital in dorsal view. G, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 49), basioccipital in dorsal view. Abbreviations: cc, cranial depression; lw, lateral wing; oc, occipital condyle; rst, recessus scalae tympani; st, sphenooccipital tubercle. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2765A0FFC95FDCB2096A9BA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829180/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829180	Figure 34. Braincases (continued). A–E, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views (the parasphenoid rostrum is broken). F–J, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views (the anterior end of the sphenoid and the basipterygoid processes are broken). Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 34. Braincases (continued). A–E, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views (the parasphenoid rostrum is broken). F–J, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views (the anterior end of the sphenoid and the basipterygoid processes are broken). Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2765A0FFC95FDCB2096A9BA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829184/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829184	Figure 36. Basioccipitals. A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), basioccipital in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (HUJ.OST-Z-380), basioccipital in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), basioccipital in dorsal view. F, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), basioccipital in dorsal view. G, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 49), basioccipital in dorsal view. Abbreviations: cc, cranial depression; lw, lateral wing; oc, occipital condyle; rst, recessus scalae tympani; st, sphenooccipital tubercle. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 36. Basioccipitals. A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), basioccipital in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (HUJ.OST-Z-380), basioccipital in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), basioccipital in dorsal view. F, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), basioccipital in dorsal view. G, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 49), basioccipital in dorsal view. Abbreviations: cc, cranial depression; lw, lateral wing; oc, occipital condyle; rst, recessus scalae tympani; st, sphenooccipital tubercle. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2765A0FFC95FDCB2096A9BA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829186/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829186	Figure 37. Sphenoids. A–D, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), sphenoid in dorsal (A), anterior (B), left lateral (C) and ventral (D) views. E–H, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), sphenoid in dorsal (E), anterior (F), right lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. I–K, Al. nigropunctatus (MDHC 242), articulated sphenoid in dorsal (I), ventral (J) and anterior (K) views. L–M, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 231), sphenoid in dorsal (L) and anterior (M) views (the parasphenoid rostrum is broken). N–O, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), articulated sphenoid in dorsal (N) and anterior (O) views. P–Q, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 193), articulated sphenoid in dorsal (P) and anterior (Q) views. R–S, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 49), sphenoid in dorsal (R) and anterior (S) views (the parasphenoid rostrum is broken). Abbreviations: af, abducens foramen; aov, anterior opening of the Vidian canal; ap, alar process; bp, basipterygoid process; cs, crista sellaris; ct, crista trabeculares; cvl, crista ventrolaterales; ds, dorsum sellae; icf, internal carotid foramen; pov, posterolateral opening of the Vidian canal; pr, parasphenoid rostrum; rvj, recessus vena jugularis; svp, supravenous process; tc, trabecula cranii. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 37. Sphenoids. A–D, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), sphenoid in dorsal (A), anterior (B), left lateral (C) and ventral (D) views. E–H, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), sphenoid in dorsal (E), anterior (F), right lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. I–K, Al. nigropunctatus (MDHC 242), articulated sphenoid in dorsal (I), ventral (J) and anterior (K) views. L–M, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 231), sphenoid in dorsal (L) and anterior (M) views (the parasphenoid rostrum is broken). N–O, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), articulated sphenoid in dorsal (N) and anterior (O) views. P–Q, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 193), articulated sphenoid in dorsal (P) and anterior (Q) views. R–S, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 49), sphenoid in dorsal (R) and anterior (S) views (the parasphenoid rostrum is broken). Abbreviations: af, abducens foramen; aov, anterior opening of the Vidian canal; ap, alar process; bp, basipterygoid process; cs, crista sellaris; ct, crista trabeculares; cvl, crista ventrolaterales; ds, dorsum sellae; icf, internal carotid foramen; pov, posterolateral opening of the Vidian canal; pr, parasphenoid rostrum; rvj, recessus vena jugularis; svp, supravenous process; tc, trabecula cranii. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2765A0EFF2DFA9820B5AB54.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829184/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829184	Figure 36. Basioccipitals. A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), basioccipital in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (HUJ.OST-Z-380), basioccipital in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), basioccipital in dorsal view. F, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), basioccipital in dorsal view. G, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 49), basioccipital in dorsal view. Abbreviations: cc, cranial depression; lw, lateral wing; oc, occipital condyle; rst, recessus scalae tympani; st, sphenooccipital tubercle. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 36. Basioccipitals. A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), basioccipital in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (HUJ.OST-Z-380), basioccipital in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), basioccipital in dorsal view. F, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), basioccipital in dorsal view. G, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 49), basioccipital in dorsal view. Abbreviations: cc, cranial depression; lw, lateral wing; oc, occipital condyle; rst, recessus scalae tympani; st, sphenooccipital tubercle. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2765A0EFF2DF9A923EAAA06.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829172/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829172	Figure 30. Braincases. A–E, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), braincase in anterior (A), right lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 15), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. The parasphenoid rostrum is broken in both specimens. Abbreviations: ap, alar process; asc, anterior semicircular canal; b, basioccipital; bp, basipterygoid process; ca, crista alaris; fma, foramen magnum; fo, fenestra ovalis; glhv, groove of the lateral head vein; hsc, horizontal semicircular canal; o, otooccipital; oc, occipital condyle; p, prootic; pap, paroccipital process; povc, posterior opening of the Vidian canal; rvj, recessus vena jugularis; sp, sphenoid; su, supraoccipital; tc, trabecula cranii. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 30. Braincases. A–E, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), braincase in anterior (A), right lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 15), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. The parasphenoid rostrum is broken in both specimens. Abbreviations: ap, alar process; asc, anterior semicircular canal; b, basioccipital; bp, basipterygoid process; ca, crista alaris; fma, foramen magnum; fo, fenestra ovalis; glhv, groove of the lateral head vein; hsc, horizontal semicircular canal; o, otooccipital; oc, occipital condyle; p, prootic; pap, paroccipital process; povc, posterior opening of the Vidian canal; rvj, recessus vena jugularis; sp, sphenoid; su, supraoccipital; tc, trabecula cranii. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2765A0EFF2DF9A923EAAA06.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829174/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829174	Figure 31. Braincases (continued). A–E, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. Abbreviations: aovc, anterior opening of the Vidian canal; cc, cochlear cavity; cp, crista prootica; ip, incisura prootica; pp, posterior process of the prootic; psc, posterior semicircular canal; vf, vagus foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 31. Braincases (continued). A–E, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. Abbreviations: aovc, anterior opening of the Vidian canal; cc, cochlear cavity; cp, crista prootica; ip, incisura prootica; pp, posterior process of the prootic; psc, posterior semicircular canal; vf, vagus foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2765A0EFF2DF9A923EAAA06.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829184/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829184	Figure 36. Basioccipitals. A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), basioccipital in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (HUJ.OST-Z-380), basioccipital in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), basioccipital in dorsal view. F, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), basioccipital in dorsal view. G, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 49), basioccipital in dorsal view. Abbreviations: cc, cranial depression; lw, lateral wing; oc, occipital condyle; rst, recessus scalae tympani; st, sphenooccipital tubercle. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 36. Basioccipitals. A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), basioccipital in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (HUJ.OST-Z-380), basioccipital in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), basioccipital in dorsal view. F, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), basioccipital in dorsal view. G, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 49), basioccipital in dorsal view. Abbreviations: cc, cranial depression; lw, lateral wing; oc, occipital condyle; rst, recessus scalae tympani; st, sphenooccipital tubercle. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2765A0EFC95FF3F23C0A866.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829174/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829174	Figure 31. Braincases (continued). A–E, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. Abbreviations: aovc, anterior opening of the Vidian canal; cc, cochlear cavity; cp, crista prootica; ip, incisura prootica; pp, posterior process of the prootic; psc, posterior semicircular canal; vf, vagus foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 31. Braincases (continued). A–E, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. Abbreviations: aovc, anterior opening of the Vidian canal; cc, cochlear cavity; cp, crista prootica; ip, incisura prootica; pp, posterior process of the prootic; psc, posterior semicircular canal; vf, vagus foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2765A0EFC95FF3F23C0A866.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829176/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829176	Figure 32. Braincases (continued). A–E, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), braincase in anterior (A), right lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. Abbreviations: ci, crista interfenestralis; ctr, crista trabecularis; ctu, crista tuberalis; lrst, lateral opening of the recessus scalae tympani; rst, recessus scalae tympani; sc, supraoccipital crest; st, sphenooccipital tubercle. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 32. Braincases (continued). A–E, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), braincase in anterior (A), right lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. Abbreviations: ci, crista interfenestralis; ctr, crista trabecularis; ctu, crista tuberalis; lrst, lateral opening of the recessus scalae tympani; rst, recessus scalae tympani; sc, supraoccipital crest; st, sphenooccipital tubercle. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2765A0EFC95FF3F23C0A866.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829178/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829178	Figure 33. Braincases (continued). A–E, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. Abbreviations: ff, facial foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 33. Braincases (continued). A–E, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. Abbreviations: ff, facial foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2765A0EFC95FF3F23C0A866.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829184/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829184	Figure 36. Basioccipitals. A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), basioccipital in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (HUJ.OST-Z-380), basioccipital in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), basioccipital in dorsal view. F, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), basioccipital in dorsal view. G, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 49), basioccipital in dorsal view. Abbreviations: cc, cranial depression; lw, lateral wing; oc, occipital condyle; rst, recessus scalae tympani; st, sphenooccipital tubercle. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 36. Basioccipitals. A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), basioccipital in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (HUJ.OST-Z-380), basioccipital in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), basioccipital in dorsal view. F, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), basioccipital in dorsal view. G, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 49), basioccipital in dorsal view. Abbreviations: cc, cranial depression; lw, lateral wing; oc, occipital condyle; rst, recessus scalae tympani; st, sphenooccipital tubercle. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2775A0FFF1FFACF23B5AA11.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829186/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829186	Figure 37. Sphenoids. A–D, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), sphenoid in dorsal (A), anterior (B), left lateral (C) and ventral (D) views. E–H, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), sphenoid in dorsal (E), anterior (F), right lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. I–K, Al. nigropunctatus (MDHC 242), articulated sphenoid in dorsal (I), ventral (J) and anterior (K) views. L–M, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 231), sphenoid in dorsal (L) and anterior (M) views (the parasphenoid rostrum is broken). N–O, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), articulated sphenoid in dorsal (N) and anterior (O) views. P–Q, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 193), articulated sphenoid in dorsal (P) and anterior (Q) views. R–S, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 49), sphenoid in dorsal (R) and anterior (S) views (the parasphenoid rostrum is broken). Abbreviations: af, abducens foramen; aov, anterior opening of the Vidian canal; ap, alar process; bp, basipterygoid process; cs, crista sellaris; ct, crista trabeculares; cvl, crista ventrolaterales; ds, dorsum sellae; icf, internal carotid foramen; pov, posterolateral opening of the Vidian canal; pr, parasphenoid rostrum; rvj, recessus vena jugularis; svp, supravenous process; tc, trabecula cranii. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 37. Sphenoids. A–D, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), sphenoid in dorsal (A), anterior (B), left lateral (C) and ventral (D) views. E–H, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), sphenoid in dorsal (E), anterior (F), right lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. I–K, Al. nigropunctatus (MDHC 242), articulated sphenoid in dorsal (I), ventral (J) and anterior (K) views. L–M, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 231), sphenoid in dorsal (L) and anterior (M) views (the parasphenoid rostrum is broken). N–O, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), articulated sphenoid in dorsal (N) and anterior (O) views. P–Q, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 193), articulated sphenoid in dorsal (P) and anterior (Q) views. R–S, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 49), sphenoid in dorsal (R) and anterior (S) views (the parasphenoid rostrum is broken). Abbreviations: af, abducens foramen; aov, anterior opening of the Vidian canal; ap, alar process; bp, basipterygoid process; cs, crista sellaris; ct, crista trabeculares; cvl, crista ventrolaterales; ds, dorsum sellae; icf, internal carotid foramen; pov, posterolateral opening of the Vidian canal; pr, parasphenoid rostrum; rvj, recessus vena jugularis; svp, supravenous process; tc, trabecula cranii. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2775A0FFC87FC5625FFAB7F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829186/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829186	Figure 37. Sphenoids. A–D, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), sphenoid in dorsal (A), anterior (B), left lateral (C) and ventral (D) views. E–H, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), sphenoid in dorsal (E), anterior (F), right lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. I–K, Al. nigropunctatus (MDHC 242), articulated sphenoid in dorsal (I), ventral (J) and anterior (K) views. L–M, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 231), sphenoid in dorsal (L) and anterior (M) views (the parasphenoid rostrum is broken). N–O, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), articulated sphenoid in dorsal (N) and anterior (O) views. P–Q, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 193), articulated sphenoid in dorsal (P) and anterior (Q) views. R–S, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 49), sphenoid in dorsal (R) and anterior (S) views (the parasphenoid rostrum is broken). Abbreviations: af, abducens foramen; aov, anterior opening of the Vidian canal; ap, alar process; bp, basipterygoid process; cs, crista sellaris; ct, crista trabeculares; cvl, crista ventrolaterales; ds, dorsum sellae; icf, internal carotid foramen; pov, posterolateral opening of the Vidian canal; pr, parasphenoid rostrum; rvj, recessus vena jugularis; svp, supravenous process; tc, trabecula cranii. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 37. Sphenoids. A–D, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), sphenoid in dorsal (A), anterior (B), left lateral (C) and ventral (D) views. E–H, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), sphenoid in dorsal (E), anterior (F), right lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. I–K, Al. nigropunctatus (MDHC 242), articulated sphenoid in dorsal (I), ventral (J) and anterior (K) views. L–M, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 231), sphenoid in dorsal (L) and anterior (M) views (the parasphenoid rostrum is broken). N–O, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), articulated sphenoid in dorsal (N) and anterior (O) views. P–Q, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 193), articulated sphenoid in dorsal (P) and anterior (Q) views. R–S, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 49), sphenoid in dorsal (R) and anterior (S) views (the parasphenoid rostrum is broken). Abbreviations: af, abducens foramen; aov, anterior opening of the Vidian canal; ap, alar process; bp, basipterygoid process; cs, crista sellaris; ct, crista trabeculares; cvl, crista ventrolaterales; ds, dorsum sellae; icf, internal carotid foramen; pov, posterolateral opening of the Vidian canal; pr, parasphenoid rostrum; rvj, recessus vena jugularis; svp, supravenous process; tc, trabecula cranii. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2775A0DFC87F9932377AB97.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829172/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829172	Figure 30. Braincases. A–E, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), braincase in anterior (A), right lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 15), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. The parasphenoid rostrum is broken in both specimens. Abbreviations: ap, alar process; asc, anterior semicircular canal; b, basioccipital; bp, basipterygoid process; ca, crista alaris; fma, foramen magnum; fo, fenestra ovalis; glhv, groove of the lateral head vein; hsc, horizontal semicircular canal; o, otooccipital; oc, occipital condyle; p, prootic; pap, paroccipital process; povc, posterior opening of the Vidian canal; rvj, recessus vena jugularis; sp, sphenoid; su, supraoccipital; tc, trabecula cranii. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 30. Braincases. A–E, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), braincase in anterior (A), right lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 15), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. The parasphenoid rostrum is broken in both specimens. Abbreviations: ap, alar process; asc, anterior semicircular canal; b, basioccipital; bp, basipterygoid process; ca, crista alaris; fma, foramen magnum; fo, fenestra ovalis; glhv, groove of the lateral head vein; hsc, horizontal semicircular canal; o, otooccipital; oc, occipital condyle; p, prootic; pap, paroccipital process; povc, posterior opening of the Vidian canal; rvj, recessus vena jugularis; sp, sphenoid; su, supraoccipital; tc, trabecula cranii. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2775A0DFC87F9932377AB97.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829174/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829174	Figure 31. Braincases (continued). A–E, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. Abbreviations: aovc, anterior opening of the Vidian canal; cc, cochlear cavity; cp, crista prootica; ip, incisura prootica; pp, posterior process of the prootic; psc, posterior semicircular canal; vf, vagus foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 31. Braincases (continued). A–E, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. Abbreviations: aovc, anterior opening of the Vidian canal; cc, cochlear cavity; cp, crista prootica; ip, incisura prootica; pp, posterior process of the prootic; psc, posterior semicircular canal; vf, vagus foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2775A0DFC87F9932377AB97.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829186/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829186	Figure 37. Sphenoids. A–D, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), sphenoid in dorsal (A), anterior (B), left lateral (C) and ventral (D) views. E–H, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), sphenoid in dorsal (E), anterior (F), right lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. I–K, Al. nigropunctatus (MDHC 242), articulated sphenoid in dorsal (I), ventral (J) and anterior (K) views. L–M, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 231), sphenoid in dorsal (L) and anterior (M) views (the parasphenoid rostrum is broken). N–O, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), articulated sphenoid in dorsal (N) and anterior (O) views. P–Q, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 193), articulated sphenoid in dorsal (P) and anterior (Q) views. R–S, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 49), sphenoid in dorsal (R) and anterior (S) views (the parasphenoid rostrum is broken). Abbreviations: af, abducens foramen; aov, anterior opening of the Vidian canal; ap, alar process; bp, basipterygoid process; cs, crista sellaris; ct, crista trabeculares; cvl, crista ventrolaterales; ds, dorsum sellae; icf, internal carotid foramen; pov, posterolateral opening of the Vidian canal; pr, parasphenoid rostrum; rvj, recessus vena jugularis; svp, supravenous process; tc, trabecula cranii. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 37. Sphenoids. A–D, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), sphenoid in dorsal (A), anterior (B), left lateral (C) and ventral (D) views. E–H, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), sphenoid in dorsal (E), anterior (F), right lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. I–K, Al. nigropunctatus (MDHC 242), articulated sphenoid in dorsal (I), ventral (J) and anterior (K) views. L–M, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 231), sphenoid in dorsal (L) and anterior (M) views (the parasphenoid rostrum is broken). N–O, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), articulated sphenoid in dorsal (N) and anterior (O) views. P–Q, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 193), articulated sphenoid in dorsal (P) and anterior (Q) views. R–S, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 49), sphenoid in dorsal (R) and anterior (S) views (the parasphenoid rostrum is broken). Abbreviations: af, abducens foramen; aov, anterior opening of the Vidian canal; ap, alar process; bp, basipterygoid process; cs, crista sellaris; ct, crista trabeculares; cvl, crista ventrolaterales; ds, dorsum sellae; icf, internal carotid foramen; pov, posterolateral opening of the Vidian canal; pr, parasphenoid rostrum; rvj, recessus vena jugularis; svp, supravenous process; tc, trabecula cranii. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2755A0DFF1FF8EB257AAB4E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829174/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829174	Figure 31. Braincases (continued). A–E, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. Abbreviations: aovc, anterior opening of the Vidian canal; cc, cochlear cavity; cp, crista prootica; ip, incisura prootica; pp, posterior process of the prootic; psc, posterior semicircular canal; vf, vagus foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 31. Braincases (continued). A–E, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. Abbreviations: aovc, anterior opening of the Vidian canal; cc, cochlear cavity; cp, crista prootica; ip, incisura prootica; pp, posterior process of the prootic; psc, posterior semicircular canal; vf, vagus foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2755A0DFF1FF8EB257AAB4E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829176/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829176	Figure 32. Braincases (continued). A–E, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), braincase in anterior (A), right lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. Abbreviations: ci, crista interfenestralis; ctr, crista trabecularis; ctu, crista tuberalis; lrst, lateral opening of the recessus scalae tympani; rst, recessus scalae tympani; sc, supraoccipital crest; st, sphenooccipital tubercle. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 32. Braincases (continued). A–E, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), braincase in anterior (A), right lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. Abbreviations: ci, crista interfenestralis; ctr, crista trabecularis; ctu, crista tuberalis; lrst, lateral opening of the recessus scalae tympani; rst, recessus scalae tympani; sc, supraoccipital crest; st, sphenooccipital tubercle. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2755A0DFF1FF8EB257AAB4E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829178/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829178	Figure 33. Braincases (continued). A–E, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. Abbreviations: ff, facial foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 33. Braincases (continued). A–E, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. Abbreviations: ff, facial foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2755A0DFF1FF8EB257AAB4E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829186/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829186	Figure 37. Sphenoids. A–D, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), sphenoid in dorsal (A), anterior (B), left lateral (C) and ventral (D) views. E–H, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), sphenoid in dorsal (E), anterior (F), right lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. I–K, Al. nigropunctatus (MDHC 242), articulated sphenoid in dorsal (I), ventral (J) and anterior (K) views. L–M, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 231), sphenoid in dorsal (L) and anterior (M) views (the parasphenoid rostrum is broken). N–O, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), articulated sphenoid in dorsal (N) and anterior (O) views. P–Q, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 193), articulated sphenoid in dorsal (P) and anterior (Q) views. R–S, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 49), sphenoid in dorsal (R) and anterior (S) views (the parasphenoid rostrum is broken). Abbreviations: af, abducens foramen; aov, anterior opening of the Vidian canal; ap, alar process; bp, basipterygoid process; cs, crista sellaris; ct, crista trabeculares; cvl, crista ventrolaterales; ds, dorsum sellae; icf, internal carotid foramen; pov, posterolateral opening of the Vidian canal; pr, parasphenoid rostrum; rvj, recessus vena jugularis; svp, supravenous process; tc, trabecula cranii. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 37. Sphenoids. A–D, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), sphenoid in dorsal (A), anterior (B), left lateral (C) and ventral (D) views. E–H, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), sphenoid in dorsal (E), anterior (F), right lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. I–K, Al. nigropunctatus (MDHC 242), articulated sphenoid in dorsal (I), ventral (J) and anterior (K) views. L–M, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 231), sphenoid in dorsal (L) and anterior (M) views (the parasphenoid rostrum is broken). N–O, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), articulated sphenoid in dorsal (N) and anterior (O) views. P–Q, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 193), articulated sphenoid in dorsal (P) and anterior (Q) views. R–S, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 49), sphenoid in dorsal (R) and anterior (S) views (the parasphenoid rostrum is broken). Abbreviations: af, abducens foramen; aov, anterior opening of the Vidian canal; ap, alar process; bp, basipterygoid process; cs, crista sellaris; ct, crista trabeculares; cvl, crista ventrolaterales; ds, dorsum sellae; icf, internal carotid foramen; pov, posterolateral opening of the Vidian canal; pr, parasphenoid rostrum; rvj, recessus vena jugularis; svp, supravenous process; tc, trabecula cranii. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2755A02FC87F9C02363AA0D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829180/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829180	Figure 34. Braincases (continued). A–E, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views (the parasphenoid rostrum is broken). F–J, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views (the anterior end of the sphenoid and the basipterygoid processes are broken). Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 34. Braincases (continued). A–E, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views (the parasphenoid rostrum is broken). F–J, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views (the anterior end of the sphenoid and the basipterygoid processes are broken). Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2755A02FC87F9C02363AA0D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829186/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829186	Figure 37. Sphenoids. A–D, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), sphenoid in dorsal (A), anterior (B), left lateral (C) and ventral (D) views. E–H, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), sphenoid in dorsal (E), anterior (F), right lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. I–K, Al. nigropunctatus (MDHC 242), articulated sphenoid in dorsal (I), ventral (J) and anterior (K) views. L–M, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 231), sphenoid in dorsal (L) and anterior (M) views (the parasphenoid rostrum is broken). N–O, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), articulated sphenoid in dorsal (N) and anterior (O) views. P–Q, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 193), articulated sphenoid in dorsal (P) and anterior (Q) views. R–S, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 49), sphenoid in dorsal (R) and anterior (S) views (the parasphenoid rostrum is broken). Abbreviations: af, abducens foramen; aov, anterior opening of the Vidian canal; ap, alar process; bp, basipterygoid process; cs, crista sellaris; ct, crista trabeculares; cvl, crista ventrolaterales; ds, dorsum sellae; icf, internal carotid foramen; pov, posterolateral opening of the Vidian canal; pr, parasphenoid rostrum; rvj, recessus vena jugularis; svp, supravenous process; tc, trabecula cranii. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 37. Sphenoids. A–D, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), sphenoid in dorsal (A), anterior (B), left lateral (C) and ventral (D) views. E–H, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002–24), sphenoid in dorsal (E), anterior (F), right lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. I–K, Al. nigropunctatus (MDHC 242), articulated sphenoid in dorsal (I), ventral (J) and anterior (K) views. L–M, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 231), sphenoid in dorsal (L) and anterior (M) views (the parasphenoid rostrum is broken). N–O, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), articulated sphenoid in dorsal (N) and anterior (O) views. P–Q, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 193), articulated sphenoid in dorsal (P) and anterior (Q) views. R–S, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 49), sphenoid in dorsal (R) and anterior (S) views (the parasphenoid rostrum is broken). Abbreviations: af, abducens foramen; aov, anterior opening of the Vidian canal; ap, alar process; bp, basipterygoid process; cs, crista sellaris; ct, crista trabeculares; cvl, crista ventrolaterales; ds, dorsum sellae; icf, internal carotid foramen; pov, posterolateral opening of the Vidian canal; pr, parasphenoid rostrum; rvj, recessus vena jugularis; svp, supravenous process; tc, trabecula cranii. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2755A02FC87F9C02363AA0D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829188/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829188	Figure 38. Supraoccipitals. A, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), supraoccipital (broken) in dorsal view. B, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002-24), supraoccipital in left lateral view. C, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), supraoccipital in dorsal view. D, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), supraoccipital in dorsal view. E, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), supraoccipital in dorsal view. Abbreviations: asc, anterior semicircular canal; lc, lateral crest; mc, median crest; mp, marginal process; pa, processus ascendens; psc, posterior semicircular canal. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 38. Supraoccipitals. A, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), supraoccipital (broken) in dorsal view. B, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002-24), supraoccipital in left lateral view. C, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), supraoccipital in dorsal view. D, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), supraoccipital in dorsal view. E, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), supraoccipital in dorsal view. Abbreviations: asc, anterior semicircular canal; lc, lateral crest; mc, median crest; mp, marginal process; pa, processus ascendens; psc, posterior semicircular canal. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D27A5A02FC95FF3F25B7AF1B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829188/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829188	Figure 38. Supraoccipitals. A, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), supraoccipital (broken) in dorsal view. B, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002-24), supraoccipital in left lateral view. C, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), supraoccipital in dorsal view. D, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), supraoccipital in dorsal view. E, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), supraoccipital in dorsal view. Abbreviations: asc, anterior semicircular canal; lc, lateral crest; mc, median crest; mp, marginal process; pa, processus ascendens; psc, posterior semicircular canal. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 38. Supraoccipitals. A, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), supraoccipital (broken) in dorsal view. B, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002-24), supraoccipital in left lateral view. C, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), supraoccipital in dorsal view. D, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), supraoccipital in dorsal view. E, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), supraoccipital in dorsal view. Abbreviations: asc, anterior semicircular canal; lc, lateral crest; mc, median crest; mp, marginal process; pa, processus ascendens; psc, posterior semicircular canal. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D27A5A02FC95FF3F25B7AF1B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829190/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829190	Figure 39. Posterodorsal view of an articulated skull of Laudakia stellio (NHMW 570), showing the position of the sphenoccipital foramen. Abbreviations: f, sphenoccipital foramen; ot, otooccipital; pa, parietal; pr, prootic; so, supraoccipital; sq, squamosal. Scale bar = 1 mm.	Figure 39. Posterodorsal view of an articulated skull of Laudakia stellio (NHMW 570), showing the position of the sphenoccipital foramen. Abbreviations: f, sphenoccipital foramen; ot, otooccipital; pa, parietal; pr, prootic; so, supraoccipital; sq, squamosal. Scale bar = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D27A5A02FC95FD77228EA952.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829188/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829188	Figure 38. Supraoccipitals. A, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), supraoccipital (broken) in dorsal view. B, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002-24), supraoccipital in left lateral view. C, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), supraoccipital in dorsal view. D, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), supraoccipital in dorsal view. E, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), supraoccipital in dorsal view. Abbreviations: asc, anterior semicircular canal; lc, lateral crest; mc, median crest; mp, marginal process; pa, processus ascendens; psc, posterior semicircular canal. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 38. Supraoccipitals. A, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), supraoccipital (broken) in dorsal view. B, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002-24), supraoccipital in left lateral view. C, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), supraoccipital in dorsal view. D, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), supraoccipital in dorsal view. E, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), supraoccipital in dorsal view. Abbreviations: asc, anterior semicircular canal; lc, lateral crest; mc, median crest; mp, marginal process; pa, processus ascendens; psc, posterior semicircular canal. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D27A5A02FC95FB9D25E9AB3E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829172/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829172	Figure 30. Braincases. A–E, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), braincase in anterior (A), right lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 15), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. The parasphenoid rostrum is broken in both specimens. Abbreviations: ap, alar process; asc, anterior semicircular canal; b, basioccipital; bp, basipterygoid process; ca, crista alaris; fma, foramen magnum; fo, fenestra ovalis; glhv, groove of the lateral head vein; hsc, horizontal semicircular canal; o, otooccipital; oc, occipital condyle; p, prootic; pap, paroccipital process; povc, posterior opening of the Vidian canal; rvj, recessus vena jugularis; sp, sphenoid; su, supraoccipital; tc, trabecula cranii. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 30. Braincases. A–E, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), braincase in anterior (A), right lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 15), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. The parasphenoid rostrum is broken in both specimens. Abbreviations: ap, alar process; asc, anterior semicircular canal; b, basioccipital; bp, basipterygoid process; ca, crista alaris; fma, foramen magnum; fo, fenestra ovalis; glhv, groove of the lateral head vein; hsc, horizontal semicircular canal; o, otooccipital; oc, occipital condyle; p, prootic; pap, paroccipital process; povc, posterior opening of the Vidian canal; rvj, recessus vena jugularis; sp, sphenoid; su, supraoccipital; tc, trabecula cranii. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D27A5A02FC95FB9D25E9AB3E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829174/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829174	Figure 31. Braincases (continued). A–E, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. Abbreviations: aovc, anterior opening of the Vidian canal; cc, cochlear cavity; cp, crista prootica; ip, incisura prootica; pp, posterior process of the prootic; psc, posterior semicircular canal; vf, vagus foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 31. Braincases (continued). A–E, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. Abbreviations: aovc, anterior opening of the Vidian canal; cc, cochlear cavity; cp, crista prootica; ip, incisura prootica; pp, posterior process of the prootic; psc, posterior semicircular canal; vf, vagus foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D27A5A02FC95FB9D25E9AB3E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829188/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829188	Figure 38. Supraoccipitals. A, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), supraoccipital (broken) in dorsal view. B, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002-24), supraoccipital in left lateral view. C, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), supraoccipital in dorsal view. D, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), supraoccipital in dorsal view. E, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), supraoccipital in dorsal view. Abbreviations: asc, anterior semicircular canal; lc, lateral crest; mc, median crest; mp, marginal process; pa, processus ascendens; psc, posterior semicircular canal. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 38. Supraoccipitals. A, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), supraoccipital (broken) in dorsal view. B, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002-24), supraoccipital in left lateral view. C, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), supraoccipital in dorsal view. D, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), supraoccipital in dorsal view. E, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), supraoccipital in dorsal view. Abbreviations: asc, anterior semicircular canal; lc, lateral crest; mc, median crest; mp, marginal process; pa, processus ascendens; psc, posterior semicircular canal. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D27A5A03FC95F950255FA887.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829174/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829174	Figure 31. Braincases (continued). A–E, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. Abbreviations: aovc, anterior opening of the Vidian canal; cc, cochlear cavity; cp, crista prootica; ip, incisura prootica; pp, posterior process of the prootic; psc, posterior semicircular canal; vf, vagus foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 31. Braincases (continued). A–E, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. Abbreviations: aovc, anterior opening of the Vidian canal; cc, cochlear cavity; cp, crista prootica; ip, incisura prootica; pp, posterior process of the prootic; psc, posterior semicircular canal; vf, vagus foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D27A5A03FC95F950255FA887.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829176/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829176	Figure 32. Braincases (continued). A–E, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), braincase in anterior (A), right lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. Abbreviations: ci, crista interfenestralis; ctr, crista trabecularis; ctu, crista tuberalis; lrst, lateral opening of the recessus scalae tympani; rst, recessus scalae tympani; sc, supraoccipital crest; st, sphenooccipital tubercle. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 32. Braincases (continued). A–E, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), braincase in anterior (A), right lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. Abbreviations: ci, crista interfenestralis; ctr, crista trabecularis; ctu, crista tuberalis; lrst, lateral opening of the recessus scalae tympani; rst, recessus scalae tympani; sc, supraoccipital crest; st, sphenooccipital tubercle. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D27A5A03FC95F950255FA887.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829178/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829178	Figure 33. Braincases (continued). A–E, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. Abbreviations: ff, facial foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 33. Braincases (continued). A–E, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. Abbreviations: ff, facial foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D27A5A03FC95F950255FA887.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829188/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829188	Figure 38. Supraoccipitals. A, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), supraoccipital (broken) in dorsal view. B, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002-24), supraoccipital in left lateral view. C, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), supraoccipital in dorsal view. D, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), supraoccipital in dorsal view. E, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), supraoccipital in dorsal view. Abbreviations: asc, anterior semicircular canal; lc, lateral crest; mc, median crest; mp, marginal process; pa, processus ascendens; psc, posterior semicircular canal. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 38. Supraoccipitals. A, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), supraoccipital (broken) in dorsal view. B, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002-24), supraoccipital in left lateral view. C, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), supraoccipital in dorsal view. D, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), supraoccipital in dorsal view. E, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), supraoccipital in dorsal view. Abbreviations: asc, anterior semicircular canal; lc, lateral crest; mc, median crest; mp, marginal process; pa, processus ascendens; psc, posterior semicircular canal. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D27B5A01FC87FA012322AF25.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829180/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829180	Figure 34. Braincases (continued). A–E, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views (the parasphenoid rostrum is broken). F–J, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views (the anterior end of the sphenoid and the basipterygoid processes are broken). Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 34. Braincases (continued). A–E, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views (the parasphenoid rostrum is broken). F–J, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views (the anterior end of the sphenoid and the basipterygoid processes are broken). Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D27B5A01FC87FA012322AF25.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829192/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829192	Figure 40. Prootics. A–C, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right prootic in lateral (A), medial (B) and posterior (C) views. D–E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left prootic in lateral (D) and medial (E) views. F–G, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), left prootic in medial (F) and posterior (G) views. H–I, H. graeca (MDHC 423), right prootic in medial (H) and posterior (I) views. J–K, Chalcides striatus (MDHC 404), right prootic in medial (J) and posterior (K) views. L–M, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 49), left prootic in medial (L) and posterior (M) views. Abbreviations: aaf, anterior acoustic foramen; aip, anterior inferior process; amr, ampullary recess; ap, alar process; ar, acoustic recess; asc, anterior semicircular canal; ca, crista alaris; cac, cavum capsularis; ccr, cochlear crest; coc, cochlear cavity; cp, crista prootica; ff, facial foramen; gpd, groove for the perilymphatic duct; hsc, horizontal semicircular canal; ip, incisura prootica; paf, posterior acoustic foramen; pp, posterior process; ppp, projection of the posterior process; sf, notch of the sphenoccipital foramen; stp, superior trabecular process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 40. Prootics. A–C, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right prootic in lateral (A), medial (B) and posterior (C) views. D–E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left prootic in lateral (D) and medial (E) views. F–G, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), left prootic in medial (F) and posterior (G) views. H–I, H. graeca (MDHC 423), right prootic in medial (H) and posterior (I) views. J–K, Chalcides striatus (MDHC 404), right prootic in medial (J) and posterior (K) views. L–M, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 49), left prootic in medial (L) and posterior (M) views. Abbreviations: aaf, anterior acoustic foramen; aip, anterior inferior process; amr, ampullary recess; ap, alar process; ar, acoustic recess; asc, anterior semicircular canal; ca, crista alaris; cac, cavum capsularis; ccr, cochlear crest; coc, cochlear cavity; cp, crista prootica; ff, facial foramen; gpd, groove for the perilymphatic duct; hsc, horizontal semicircular canal; ip, incisura prootica; paf, posterior acoustic foramen; pp, posterior process; ppp, projection of the posterior process; sf, notch of the sphenoccipital foramen; stp, superior trabecular process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2795A01FF1FFD5823B8A82B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829192/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829192	Figure 40. Prootics. A–C, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right prootic in lateral (A), medial (B) and posterior (C) views. D–E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left prootic in lateral (D) and medial (E) views. F–G, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), left prootic in medial (F) and posterior (G) views. H–I, H. graeca (MDHC 423), right prootic in medial (H) and posterior (I) views. J–K, Chalcides striatus (MDHC 404), right prootic in medial (J) and posterior (K) views. L–M, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 49), left prootic in medial (L) and posterior (M) views. Abbreviations: aaf, anterior acoustic foramen; aip, anterior inferior process; amr, ampullary recess; ap, alar process; ar, acoustic recess; asc, anterior semicircular canal; ca, crista alaris; cac, cavum capsularis; ccr, cochlear crest; coc, cochlear cavity; cp, crista prootica; ff, facial foramen; gpd, groove for the perilymphatic duct; hsc, horizontal semicircular canal; ip, incisura prootica; paf, posterior acoustic foramen; pp, posterior process; ppp, projection of the posterior process; sf, notch of the sphenoccipital foramen; stp, superior trabecular process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 40. Prootics. A–C, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right prootic in lateral (A), medial (B) and posterior (C) views. D–E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left prootic in lateral (D) and medial (E) views. F–G, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), left prootic in medial (F) and posterior (G) views. H–I, H. graeca (MDHC 423), right prootic in medial (H) and posterior (I) views. J–K, Chalcides striatus (MDHC 404), right prootic in medial (J) and posterior (K) views. L–M, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 49), left prootic in medial (L) and posterior (M) views. Abbreviations: aaf, anterior acoustic foramen; aip, anterior inferior process; amr, ampullary recess; ap, alar process; ar, acoustic recess; asc, anterior semicircular canal; ca, crista alaris; cac, cavum capsularis; ccr, cochlear crest; coc, cochlear cavity; cp, crista prootica; ff, facial foramen; gpd, groove for the perilymphatic duct; hsc, horizontal semicircular canal; ip, incisura prootica; paf, posterior acoustic foramen; pp, posterior process; ppp, projection of the posterior process; sf, notch of the sphenoccipital foramen; stp, superior trabecular process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2795A01FF1FFD5823B8A82B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829190/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829190	Figure 39. Posterodorsal view of an articulated skull of Laudakia stellio (NHMW 570), showing the position of the sphenoccipital foramen. Abbreviations: f, sphenoccipital foramen; ot, otooccipital; pa, parietal; pr, prootic; so, supraoccipital; sq, squamosal. Scale bar = 1 mm.	Figure 39. Posterodorsal view of an articulated skull of Laudakia stellio (NHMW 570), showing the position of the sphenoccipital foramen. Abbreviations: f, sphenoccipital foramen; ot, otooccipital; pa, parietal; pr, prootic; so, supraoccipital; sq, squamosal. Scale bar = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2795A01FF1FFA6023EFAB81.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829192/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829192	Figure 40. Prootics. A–C, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right prootic in lateral (A), medial (B) and posterior (C) views. D–E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left prootic in lateral (D) and medial (E) views. F–G, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), left prootic in medial (F) and posterior (G) views. H–I, H. graeca (MDHC 423), right prootic in medial (H) and posterior (I) views. J–K, Chalcides striatus (MDHC 404), right prootic in medial (J) and posterior (K) views. L–M, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 49), left prootic in medial (L) and posterior (M) views. Abbreviations: aaf, anterior acoustic foramen; aip, anterior inferior process; amr, ampullary recess; ap, alar process; ar, acoustic recess; asc, anterior semicircular canal; ca, crista alaris; cac, cavum capsularis; ccr, cochlear crest; coc, cochlear cavity; cp, crista prootica; ff, facial foramen; gpd, groove for the perilymphatic duct; hsc, horizontal semicircular canal; ip, incisura prootica; paf, posterior acoustic foramen; pp, posterior process; ppp, projection of the posterior process; sf, notch of the sphenoccipital foramen; stp, superior trabecular process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 40. Prootics. A–C, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right prootic in lateral (A), medial (B) and posterior (C) views. D–E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left prootic in lateral (D) and medial (E) views. F–G, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), left prootic in medial (F) and posterior (G) views. H–I, H. graeca (MDHC 423), right prootic in medial (H) and posterior (I) views. J–K, Chalcides striatus (MDHC 404), right prootic in medial (J) and posterior (K) views. L–M, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 49), left prootic in medial (L) and posterior (M) views. Abbreviations: aaf, anterior acoustic foramen; aip, anterior inferior process; amr, ampullary recess; ap, alar process; ar, acoustic recess; asc, anterior semicircular canal; ca, crista alaris; cac, cavum capsularis; ccr, cochlear crest; coc, cochlear cavity; cp, crista prootica; ff, facial foramen; gpd, groove for the perilymphatic duct; hsc, horizontal semicircular canal; ip, incisura prootica; paf, posterior acoustic foramen; pp, posterior process; ppp, projection of the posterior process; sf, notch of the sphenoccipital foramen; stp, superior trabecular process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2795A01FF1FF8F425DAAEB7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829172/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829172	Figure 30. Braincases. A–E, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), braincase in anterior (A), right lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 15), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. The parasphenoid rostrum is broken in both specimens. Abbreviations: ap, alar process; asc, anterior semicircular canal; b, basioccipital; bp, basipterygoid process; ca, crista alaris; fma, foramen magnum; fo, fenestra ovalis; glhv, groove of the lateral head vein; hsc, horizontal semicircular canal; o, otooccipital; oc, occipital condyle; p, prootic; pap, paroccipital process; povc, posterior opening of the Vidian canal; rvj, recessus vena jugularis; sp, sphenoid; su, supraoccipital; tc, trabecula cranii. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 30. Braincases. A–E, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), braincase in anterior (A), right lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 15), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. The parasphenoid rostrum is broken in both specimens. Abbreviations: ap, alar process; asc, anterior semicircular canal; b, basioccipital; bp, basipterygoid process; ca, crista alaris; fma, foramen magnum; fo, fenestra ovalis; glhv, groove of the lateral head vein; hsc, horizontal semicircular canal; o, otooccipital; oc, occipital condyle; p, prootic; pap, paroccipital process; povc, posterior opening of the Vidian canal; rvj, recessus vena jugularis; sp, sphenoid; su, supraoccipital; tc, trabecula cranii. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2795A01FF1FF8F425DAAEB7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829174/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829174	Figure 31. Braincases (continued). A–E, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. Abbreviations: aovc, anterior opening of the Vidian canal; cc, cochlear cavity; cp, crista prootica; ip, incisura prootica; pp, posterior process of the prootic; psc, posterior semicircular canal; vf, vagus foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 31. Braincases (continued). A–E, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. Abbreviations: aovc, anterior opening of the Vidian canal; cc, cochlear cavity; cp, crista prootica; ip, incisura prootica; pp, posterior process of the prootic; psc, posterior semicircular canal; vf, vagus foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2795A01FF1FF8F425DAAEB7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829192/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829192	Figure 40. Prootics. A–C, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right prootic in lateral (A), medial (B) and posterior (C) views. D–E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left prootic in lateral (D) and medial (E) views. F–G, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), left prootic in medial (F) and posterior (G) views. H–I, H. graeca (MDHC 423), right prootic in medial (H) and posterior (I) views. J–K, Chalcides striatus (MDHC 404), right prootic in medial (J) and posterior (K) views. L–M, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 49), left prootic in medial (L) and posterior (M) views. Abbreviations: aaf, anterior acoustic foramen; aip, anterior inferior process; amr, ampullary recess; ap, alar process; ar, acoustic recess; asc, anterior semicircular canal; ca, crista alaris; cac, cavum capsularis; ccr, cochlear crest; coc, cochlear cavity; cp, crista prootica; ff, facial foramen; gpd, groove for the perilymphatic duct; hsc, horizontal semicircular canal; ip, incisura prootica; paf, posterior acoustic foramen; pp, posterior process; ppp, projection of the posterior process; sf, notch of the sphenoccipital foramen; stp, superior trabecular process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 40. Prootics. A–C, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right prootic in lateral (A), medial (B) and posterior (C) views. D–E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left prootic in lateral (D) and medial (E) views. F–G, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), left prootic in medial (F) and posterior (G) views. H–I, H. graeca (MDHC 423), right prootic in medial (H) and posterior (I) views. J–K, Chalcides striatus (MDHC 404), right prootic in medial (J) and posterior (K) views. L–M, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 49), left prootic in medial (L) and posterior (M) views. Abbreviations: aaf, anterior acoustic foramen; aip, anterior inferior process; amr, ampullary recess; ap, alar process; ar, acoustic recess; asc, anterior semicircular canal; ca, crista alaris; cac, cavum capsularis; ccr, cochlear crest; coc, cochlear cavity; cp, crista prootica; ff, facial foramen; gpd, groove for the perilymphatic duct; hsc, horizontal semicircular canal; ip, incisura prootica; paf, posterior acoustic foramen; pp, posterior process; ppp, projection of the posterior process; sf, notch of the sphenoccipital foramen; stp, superior trabecular process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2795A06FC87FBD420F2ADB6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829174/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829174	Figure 31. Braincases (continued). A–E, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. Abbreviations: aovc, anterior opening of the Vidian canal; cc, cochlear cavity; cp, crista prootica; ip, incisura prootica; pp, posterior process of the prootic; psc, posterior semicircular canal; vf, vagus foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 31. Braincases (continued). A–E, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. Abbreviations: aovc, anterior opening of the Vidian canal; cc, cochlear cavity; cp, crista prootica; ip, incisura prootica; pp, posterior process of the prootic; psc, posterior semicircular canal; vf, vagus foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2795A06FC87FBD420F2ADB6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829176/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829176	Figure 32. Braincases (continued). A–E, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), braincase in anterior (A), right lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. Abbreviations: ci, crista interfenestralis; ctr, crista trabecularis; ctu, crista tuberalis; lrst, lateral opening of the recessus scalae tympani; rst, recessus scalae tympani; sc, supraoccipital crest; st, sphenooccipital tubercle. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 32. Braincases (continued). A–E, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), braincase in anterior (A), right lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. Abbreviations: ci, crista interfenestralis; ctr, crista trabecularis; ctu, crista tuberalis; lrst, lateral opening of the recessus scalae tympani; rst, recessus scalae tympani; sc, supraoccipital crest; st, sphenooccipital tubercle. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2795A06FC87FBD420F2ADB6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829178/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829178	Figure 33. Braincases (continued). A–E, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. Abbreviations: ff, facial foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 33. Braincases (continued). A–E, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. Abbreviations: ff, facial foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2795A06FC87FBD420F2ADB6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829192/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829192	Figure 40. Prootics. A–C, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right prootic in lateral (A), medial (B) and posterior (C) views. D–E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left prootic in lateral (D) and medial (E) views. F–G, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), left prootic in medial (F) and posterior (G) views. H–I, H. graeca (MDHC 423), right prootic in medial (H) and posterior (I) views. J–K, Chalcides striatus (MDHC 404), right prootic in medial (J) and posterior (K) views. L–M, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 49), left prootic in medial (L) and posterior (M) views. Abbreviations: aaf, anterior acoustic foramen; aip, anterior inferior process; amr, ampullary recess; ap, alar process; ar, acoustic recess; asc, anterior semicircular canal; ca, crista alaris; cac, cavum capsularis; ccr, cochlear crest; coc, cochlear cavity; cp, crista prootica; ff, facial foramen; gpd, groove for the perilymphatic duct; hsc, horizontal semicircular canal; ip, incisura prootica; paf, posterior acoustic foramen; pp, posterior process; ppp, projection of the posterior process; sf, notch of the sphenoccipital foramen; stp, superior trabecular process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 40. Prootics. A–C, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right prootic in lateral (A), medial (B) and posterior (C) views. D–E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left prootic in lateral (D) and medial (E) views. F–G, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), left prootic in medial (F) and posterior (G) views. H–I, H. graeca (MDHC 423), right prootic in medial (H) and posterior (I) views. J–K, Chalcides striatus (MDHC 404), right prootic in medial (J) and posterior (K) views. L–M, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 49), left prootic in medial (L) and posterior (M) views. Abbreviations: aaf, anterior acoustic foramen; aip, anterior inferior process; amr, ampullary recess; ap, alar process; ar, acoustic recess; asc, anterior semicircular canal; ca, crista alaris; cac, cavum capsularis; ccr, cochlear crest; coc, cochlear cavity; cp, crista prootica; ff, facial foramen; gpd, groove for the perilymphatic duct; hsc, horizontal semicircular canal; ip, incisura prootica; paf, posterior acoustic foramen; pp, posterior process; ppp, projection of the posterior process; sf, notch of the sphenoccipital foramen; stp, superior trabecular process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D27E5A06FC95FE572508AE14.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829194/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829194	Figure 41. Otooccipitals. A–D, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left otooccipital in anterior (A), medial (B), lateral (C) and posterior (D) views. E–G, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (HUJ.OST-Z-425), right otooccipital in anterior (E), lateral (F) and posterior (G) views (the distal portion of the paroccipital process is broken). H, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002-24), right otooccipital articulated with the basioccipital in posterior view. I–J, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), right otooccipital in anterior (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right otooccipital in anterior (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 49), left otooccipital in anterior (M) and medial (N) views. Abbreviations: amr, ampullary recess; cac, cavum capsularis; coc, cochlear cavity; hf, hypoglossal foramen; hsc, horizontal semicircular canal; lrst, lateral opening of the recessus scalae tympani; oc, occipital condyle; pop, paroccipital process; psc, posterior semicircular canal; ur, utricular recess; vf, vagus foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 41. Otooccipitals. A–D, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left otooccipital in anterior (A), medial (B), lateral (C) and posterior (D) views. E–G, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (HUJ.OST-Z-425), right otooccipital in anterior (E), lateral (F) and posterior (G) views (the distal portion of the paroccipital process is broken). H, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002-24), right otooccipital articulated with the basioccipital in posterior view. I–J, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), right otooccipital in anterior (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right otooccipital in anterior (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 49), left otooccipital in anterior (M) and medial (N) views. Abbreviations: amr, ampullary recess; cac, cavum capsularis; coc, cochlear cavity; hf, hypoglossal foramen; hsc, horizontal semicircular canal; lrst, lateral opening of the recessus scalae tympani; oc, occipital condyle; pop, paroccipital process; psc, posterior semicircular canal; ur, utricular recess; vf, vagus foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D27E5A06FF2DFEC82571AC3B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829180/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829180	Figure 34. Braincases (continued). A–E, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views (the parasphenoid rostrum is broken). F–J, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views (the anterior end of the sphenoid and the basipterygoid processes are broken). Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 34. Braincases (continued). A–E, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views (the parasphenoid rostrum is broken). F–J, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views (the anterior end of the sphenoid and the basipterygoid processes are broken). Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D27E5A06FF2DFEC82571AC3B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829192/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829192	Figure 40. Prootics. A–C, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right prootic in lateral (A), medial (B) and posterior (C) views. D–E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left prootic in lateral (D) and medial (E) views. F–G, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), left prootic in medial (F) and posterior (G) views. H–I, H. graeca (MDHC 423), right prootic in medial (H) and posterior (I) views. J–K, Chalcides striatus (MDHC 404), right prootic in medial (J) and posterior (K) views. L–M, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 49), left prootic in medial (L) and posterior (M) views. Abbreviations: aaf, anterior acoustic foramen; aip, anterior inferior process; amr, ampullary recess; ap, alar process; ar, acoustic recess; asc, anterior semicircular canal; ca, crista alaris; cac, cavum capsularis; ccr, cochlear crest; coc, cochlear cavity; cp, crista prootica; ff, facial foramen; gpd, groove for the perilymphatic duct; hsc, horizontal semicircular canal; ip, incisura prootica; paf, posterior acoustic foramen; pp, posterior process; ppp, projection of the posterior process; sf, notch of the sphenoccipital foramen; stp, superior trabecular process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 40. Prootics. A–C, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right prootic in lateral (A), medial (B) and posterior (C) views. D–E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left prootic in lateral (D) and medial (E) views. F–G, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), left prootic in medial (F) and posterior (G) views. H–I, H. graeca (MDHC 423), right prootic in medial (H) and posterior (I) views. J–K, Chalcides striatus (MDHC 404), right prootic in medial (J) and posterior (K) views. L–M, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 49), left prootic in medial (L) and posterior (M) views. Abbreviations: aaf, anterior acoustic foramen; aip, anterior inferior process; amr, ampullary recess; ap, alar process; ar, acoustic recess; asc, anterior semicircular canal; ca, crista alaris; cac, cavum capsularis; ccr, cochlear crest; coc, cochlear cavity; cp, crista prootica; ff, facial foramen; gpd, groove for the perilymphatic duct; hsc, horizontal semicircular canal; ip, incisura prootica; paf, posterior acoustic foramen; pp, posterior process; ppp, projection of the posterior process; sf, notch of the sphenoccipital foramen; stp, superior trabecular process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D27E5A06FF2DFEC82571AC3B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829194/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829194	Figure 41. Otooccipitals. A–D, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left otooccipital in anterior (A), medial (B), lateral (C) and posterior (D) views. E–G, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (HUJ.OST-Z-425), right otooccipital in anterior (E), lateral (F) and posterior (G) views (the distal portion of the paroccipital process is broken). H, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002-24), right otooccipital articulated with the basioccipital in posterior view. I–J, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), right otooccipital in anterior (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right otooccipital in anterior (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 49), left otooccipital in anterior (M) and medial (N) views. Abbreviations: amr, ampullary recess; cac, cavum capsularis; coc, cochlear cavity; hf, hypoglossal foramen; hsc, horizontal semicircular canal; lrst, lateral opening of the recessus scalae tympani; oc, occipital condyle; pop, paroccipital process; psc, posterior semicircular canal; ur, utricular recess; vf, vagus foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 41. Otooccipitals. A–D, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left otooccipital in anterior (A), medial (B), lateral (C) and posterior (D) views. E–G, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (HUJ.OST-Z-425), right otooccipital in anterior (E), lateral (F) and posterior (G) views (the distal portion of the paroccipital process is broken). H, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002-24), right otooccipital articulated with the basioccipital in posterior view. I–J, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), right otooccipital in anterior (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right otooccipital in anterior (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 49), left otooccipital in anterior (M) and medial (N) views. Abbreviations: amr, ampullary recess; cac, cavum capsularis; coc, cochlear cavity; hf, hypoglossal foramen; hsc, horizontal semicircular canal; lrst, lateral opening of the recessus scalae tympani; oc, occipital condyle; pop, paroccipital process; psc, posterior semicircular canal; ur, utricular recess; vf, vagus foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D27E5A06FC95FC6125D0AB6F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829194/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829194	Figure 41. Otooccipitals. A–D, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left otooccipital in anterior (A), medial (B), lateral (C) and posterior (D) views. E–G, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (HUJ.OST-Z-425), right otooccipital in anterior (E), lateral (F) and posterior (G) views (the distal portion of the paroccipital process is broken). H, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002-24), right otooccipital articulated with the basioccipital in posterior view. I–J, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), right otooccipital in anterior (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right otooccipital in anterior (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 49), left otooccipital in anterior (M) and medial (N) views. Abbreviations: amr, ampullary recess; cac, cavum capsularis; coc, cochlear cavity; hf, hypoglossal foramen; hsc, horizontal semicircular canal; lrst, lateral opening of the recessus scalae tympani; oc, occipital condyle; pop, paroccipital process; psc, posterior semicircular canal; ur, utricular recess; vf, vagus foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 41. Otooccipitals. A–D, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left otooccipital in anterior (A), medial (B), lateral (C) and posterior (D) views. E–G, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (HUJ.OST-Z-425), right otooccipital in anterior (E), lateral (F) and posterior (G) views (the distal portion of the paroccipital process is broken). H, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002-24), right otooccipital articulated with the basioccipital in posterior view. I–J, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), right otooccipital in anterior (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right otooccipital in anterior (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 49), left otooccipital in anterior (M) and medial (N) views. Abbreviations: amr, ampullary recess; cac, cavum capsularis; coc, cochlear cavity; hf, hypoglossal foramen; hsc, horizontal semicircular canal; lrst, lateral opening of the recessus scalae tympani; oc, occipital condyle; pop, paroccipital process; psc, posterior semicircular canal; ur, utricular recess; vf, vagus foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D27E5A06FC95FC6125D0AB6F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829182/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829182	Figure 35. Posterior view of an articulated skull of Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 1887-875), showing the otooccipital portions (oc) of the occipital condyle excluding the basioccipital portion (b) from the margin of the foramen magnum. Scale bar = 1 mm.	Figure 35. Posterior view of an articulated skull of Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 1887-875), showing the otooccipital portions (oc) of the occipital condyle excluding the basioccipital portion (b) from the margin of the foramen magnum. Scale bar = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D27E5A07FC95F9A3204AA8C4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829172/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829172	Figure 30. Braincases. A–E, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), braincase in anterior (A), right lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 15), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. The parasphenoid rostrum is broken in both specimens. Abbreviations: ap, alar process; asc, anterior semicircular canal; b, basioccipital; bp, basipterygoid process; ca, crista alaris; fma, foramen magnum; fo, fenestra ovalis; glhv, groove of the lateral head vein; hsc, horizontal semicircular canal; o, otooccipital; oc, occipital condyle; p, prootic; pap, paroccipital process; povc, posterior opening of the Vidian canal; rvj, recessus vena jugularis; sp, sphenoid; su, supraoccipital; tc, trabecula cranii. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 30. Braincases. A–E, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), braincase in anterior (A), right lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 15), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. The parasphenoid rostrum is broken in both specimens. Abbreviations: ap, alar process; asc, anterior semicircular canal; b, basioccipital; bp, basipterygoid process; ca, crista alaris; fma, foramen magnum; fo, fenestra ovalis; glhv, groove of the lateral head vein; hsc, horizontal semicircular canal; o, otooccipital; oc, occipital condyle; p, prootic; pap, paroccipital process; povc, posterior opening of the Vidian canal; rvj, recessus vena jugularis; sp, sphenoid; su, supraoccipital; tc, trabecula cranii. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D27E5A07FC95F9A3204AA8C4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829174/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829174	Figure 31. Braincases (continued). A–E, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. Abbreviations: aovc, anterior opening of the Vidian canal; cc, cochlear cavity; cp, crista prootica; ip, incisura prootica; pp, posterior process of the prootic; psc, posterior semicircular canal; vf, vagus foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 31. Braincases (continued). A–E, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. Abbreviations: aovc, anterior opening of the Vidian canal; cc, cochlear cavity; cp, crista prootica; ip, incisura prootica; pp, posterior process of the prootic; psc, posterior semicircular canal; vf, vagus foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D27E5A07FC95F9A3204AA8C4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829194/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829194	Figure 41. Otooccipitals. A–D, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left otooccipital in anterior (A), medial (B), lateral (C) and posterior (D) views. E–G, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (HUJ.OST-Z-425), right otooccipital in anterior (E), lateral (F) and posterior (G) views (the distal portion of the paroccipital process is broken). H, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002-24), right otooccipital articulated with the basioccipital in posterior view. I–J, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), right otooccipital in anterior (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right otooccipital in anterior (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 49), left otooccipital in anterior (M) and medial (N) views. Abbreviations: amr, ampullary recess; cac, cavum capsularis; coc, cochlear cavity; hf, hypoglossal foramen; hsc, horizontal semicircular canal; lrst, lateral opening of the recessus scalae tympani; oc, occipital condyle; pop, paroccipital process; psc, posterior semicircular canal; ur, utricular recess; vf, vagus foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 41. Otooccipitals. A–D, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left otooccipital in anterior (A), medial (B), lateral (C) and posterior (D) views. E–G, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (HUJ.OST-Z-425), right otooccipital in anterior (E), lateral (F) and posterior (G) views (the distal portion of the paroccipital process is broken). H, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002-24), right otooccipital articulated with the basioccipital in posterior view. I–J, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), right otooccipital in anterior (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right otooccipital in anterior (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 49), left otooccipital in anterior (M) and medial (N) views. Abbreviations: amr, ampullary recess; cac, cavum capsularis; coc, cochlear cavity; hf, hypoglossal foramen; hsc, horizontal semicircular canal; lrst, lateral opening of the recessus scalae tympani; oc, occipital condyle; pop, paroccipital process; psc, posterior semicircular canal; ur, utricular recess; vf, vagus foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D27F5A07FF1FFA3A22D6A85F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829174/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829174	Figure 31. Braincases (continued). A–E, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. Abbreviations: aovc, anterior opening of the Vidian canal; cc, cochlear cavity; cp, crista prootica; ip, incisura prootica; pp, posterior process of the prootic; psc, posterior semicircular canal; vf, vagus foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 31. Braincases (continued). A–E, Po. bocagei (UAM.R.PB48), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. Abbreviations: aovc, anterior opening of the Vidian canal; cc, cochlear cavity; cp, crista prootica; ip, incisura prootica; pp, posterior process of the prootic; psc, posterior semicircular canal; vf, vagus foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D27F5A07FF1FFA3A22D6A85F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829176/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829176	Figure 32. Braincases (continued). A–E, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), braincase in anterior (A), right lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. Abbreviations: ci, crista interfenestralis; ctr, crista trabecularis; ctu, crista tuberalis; lrst, lateral opening of the recessus scalae tympani; rst, recessus scalae tympani; sc, supraoccipital crest; st, sphenooccipital tubercle. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 32. Braincases (continued). A–E, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), braincase in anterior (A), right lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. F–J, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. Abbreviations: ci, crista interfenestralis; ctr, crista trabecularis; ctu, crista tuberalis; lrst, lateral opening of the recessus scalae tympani; rst, recessus scalae tympani; sc, supraoccipital crest; st, sphenooccipital tubercle. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D27F5A07FF1FFA3A22D6A85F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829178/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829178	Figure 33. Braincases (continued). A–E, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. Abbreviations: ff, facial foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 33. Braincases (continued). A–E, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views. Abbreviations: ff, facial foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D27F5A07FF1FFA3A22D6A85F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829194/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829194	Figure 41. Otooccipitals. A–D, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left otooccipital in anterior (A), medial (B), lateral (C) and posterior (D) views. E–G, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (HUJ.OST-Z-425), right otooccipital in anterior (E), lateral (F) and posterior (G) views (the distal portion of the paroccipital process is broken). H, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002-24), right otooccipital articulated with the basioccipital in posterior view. I–J, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), right otooccipital in anterior (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right otooccipital in anterior (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 49), left otooccipital in anterior (M) and medial (N) views. Abbreviations: amr, ampullary recess; cac, cavum capsularis; coc, cochlear cavity; hf, hypoglossal foramen; hsc, horizontal semicircular canal; lrst, lateral opening of the recessus scalae tympani; oc, occipital condyle; pop, paroccipital process; psc, posterior semicircular canal; ur, utricular recess; vf, vagus foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 41. Otooccipitals. A–D, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left otooccipital in anterior (A), medial (B), lateral (C) and posterior (D) views. E–G, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (HUJ.OST-Z-425), right otooccipital in anterior (E), lateral (F) and posterior (G) views (the distal portion of the paroccipital process is broken). H, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002-24), right otooccipital articulated with the basioccipital in posterior view. I–J, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), right otooccipital in anterior (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right otooccipital in anterior (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 49), left otooccipital in anterior (M) and medial (N) views. Abbreviations: amr, ampullary recess; cac, cavum capsularis; coc, cochlear cavity; hf, hypoglossal foramen; hsc, horizontal semicircular canal; lrst, lateral opening of the recessus scalae tympani; oc, occipital condyle; pop, paroccipital process; psc, posterior semicircular canal; ur, utricular recess; vf, vagus foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D27F5A04FC87FAB223EBACDC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829180/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829180	Figure 34. Braincases (continued). A–E, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views (the parasphenoid rostrum is broken). F–J, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views (the anterior end of the sphenoid and the basipterygoid processes are broken). Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 34. Braincases (continued). A–E, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), braincase in anterior (A), left lateral (B), posterior (C), dorsal (D) and ventral (E) views (the parasphenoid rostrum is broken). F–J, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), braincase in anterior (F), right lateral (G), posterior (H), dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views (the anterior end of the sphenoid and the basipterygoid processes are broken). Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D27F5A04FC87FAB223EBACDC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829194/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829194	Figure 41. Otooccipitals. A–D, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left otooccipital in anterior (A), medial (B), lateral (C) and posterior (D) views. E–G, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (HUJ.OST-Z-425), right otooccipital in anterior (E), lateral (F) and posterior (G) views (the distal portion of the paroccipital process is broken). H, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002-24), right otooccipital articulated with the basioccipital in posterior view. I–J, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), right otooccipital in anterior (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right otooccipital in anterior (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 49), left otooccipital in anterior (M) and medial (N) views. Abbreviations: amr, ampullary recess; cac, cavum capsularis; coc, cochlear cavity; hf, hypoglossal foramen; hsc, horizontal semicircular canal; lrst, lateral opening of the recessus scalae tympani; oc, occipital condyle; pop, paroccipital process; psc, posterior semicircular canal; ur, utricular recess; vf, vagus foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 41. Otooccipitals. A–D, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left otooccipital in anterior (A), medial (B), lateral (C) and posterior (D) views. E–G, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (HUJ.OST-Z-425), right otooccipital in anterior (E), lateral (F) and posterior (G) views (the distal portion of the paroccipital process is broken). H, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (MNHN 2002-24), right otooccipital articulated with the basioccipital in posterior view. I–J, Po. muralis (MDHC 312), right otooccipital in anterior (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right otooccipital in anterior (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 49), left otooccipital in anterior (M) and medial (N) views. Abbreviations: amr, ampullary recess; cac, cavum capsularis; coc, cochlear cavity; hf, hypoglossal foramen; hsc, horizontal semicircular canal; lrst, lateral opening of the recessus scalae tympani; oc, occipital condyle; pop, paroccipital process; psc, posterior semicircular canal; ur, utricular recess; vf, vagus foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D27F5A04FC87FAB223EBACDC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829196/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829196	Figure 42. Stapes. A, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), stapes. B, Al. nigropunctatus (MDHC 242), stapes. C, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), stapes. D, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), stapes. Abbreviations: f, footplate; s, shaft. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 42. Stapes. A, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), stapes. B, Al. nigropunctatus (MDHC 242), stapes. C, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), stapes. D, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), stapes. Abbreviations: f, footplate; s, shaft. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D27C5A7AFC95F9292350AE6D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829198/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829198	Figure 43. Dentaries.A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right dentary in medial (A) and lateral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left dentary in medial (C) and lateral (D) views. E–F, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 84), left dentary in medial (E) and lateral (F) views. G–H, Z. vivipara (MDHC 179), right dentary in medial (G) and lateral (H) views. I–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left dentary in medial (I) and lateral (J) views. K–L, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right dentary in medial (K) and lateral (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left dentary in medial (M) and lateral (N) views. O–P, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right dentary in medial (O) and lateral (P) views. Q–R, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right dentary in medial (Q) and lateral (R) views. S–T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right dentary in medial (S) and lateral (T) views. Abbreviations: ac, alveolar canal; as, alveolar shelf; asf, opening of the anterior surangular foramen; cp, central posterior process; ig, interdental groove; ip, inferior posterior process; is, intramandibular septum; mfr, mental foramen; mfs, Meckelian fossa; ms, mandibular symphysis; pr, posterior recess; sp, superior posterior process; sr, subdental ridge; ssh, subdental shelf; ssp, splenial spine; st, subdental table. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 43. Dentaries.A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right dentary in medial (A) and lateral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left dentary in medial (C) and lateral (D) views. E–F, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 84), left dentary in medial (E) and lateral (F) views. G–H, Z. vivipara (MDHC 179), right dentary in medial (G) and lateral (H) views. I–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left dentary in medial (I) and lateral (J) views. K–L, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right dentary in medial (K) and lateral (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left dentary in medial (M) and lateral (N) views. O–P, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right dentary in medial (O) and lateral (P) views. Q–R, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right dentary in medial (Q) and lateral (R) views. S–T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right dentary in medial (S) and lateral (T) views. Abbreviations: ac, alveolar canal; as, alveolar shelf; asf, opening of the anterior surangular foramen; cp, central posterior process; ig, interdental groove; ip, inferior posterior process; is, intramandibular septum; mfr, mental foramen; mfs, Meckelian fossa; ms, mandibular symphysis; pr, posterior recess; sp, superior posterior process; sr, subdental ridge; ssh, subdental shelf; ssp, splenial spine; st, subdental table. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D27C5A04FF2DFBC52544ABD5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829196/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829196	Figure 42. Stapes. A, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), stapes. B, Al. nigropunctatus (MDHC 242), stapes. C, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), stapes. D, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), stapes. Abbreviations: f, footplate; s, shaft. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 42. Stapes. A, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), stapes. B, Al. nigropunctatus (MDHC 242), stapes. C, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), stapes. D, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), stapes. Abbreviations: f, footplate; s, shaft. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D27C5A04FF2DFBC52544ABD5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829198/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829198	Figure 43. Dentaries.A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right dentary in medial (A) and lateral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left dentary in medial (C) and lateral (D) views. E–F, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 84), left dentary in medial (E) and lateral (F) views. G–H, Z. vivipara (MDHC 179), right dentary in medial (G) and lateral (H) views. I–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left dentary in medial (I) and lateral (J) views. K–L, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right dentary in medial (K) and lateral (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left dentary in medial (M) and lateral (N) views. O–P, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right dentary in medial (O) and lateral (P) views. Q–R, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right dentary in medial (Q) and lateral (R) views. S–T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right dentary in medial (S) and lateral (T) views. Abbreviations: ac, alveolar canal; as, alveolar shelf; asf, opening of the anterior surangular foramen; cp, central posterior process; ig, interdental groove; ip, inferior posterior process; is, intramandibular septum; mfr, mental foramen; mfs, Meckelian fossa; ms, mandibular symphysis; pr, posterior recess; sp, superior posterior process; sr, subdental ridge; ssh, subdental shelf; ssp, splenial spine; st, subdental table. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 43. Dentaries.A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right dentary in medial (A) and lateral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left dentary in medial (C) and lateral (D) views. E–F, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 84), left dentary in medial (E) and lateral (F) views. G–H, Z. vivipara (MDHC 179), right dentary in medial (G) and lateral (H) views. I–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left dentary in medial (I) and lateral (J) views. K–L, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right dentary in medial (K) and lateral (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left dentary in medial (M) and lateral (N) views. O–P, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right dentary in medial (O) and lateral (P) views. Q–R, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right dentary in medial (Q) and lateral (R) views. S–T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right dentary in medial (S) and lateral (T) views. Abbreviations: ac, alveolar canal; as, alveolar shelf; asf, opening of the anterior surangular foramen; cp, central posterior process; ig, interdental groove; ip, inferior posterior process; is, intramandibular septum; mfr, mental foramen; mfs, Meckelian fossa; ms, mandibular symphysis; pr, posterior recess; sp, superior posterior process; sr, subdental ridge; ssh, subdental shelf; ssp, splenial spine; st, subdental table. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D27C5A04FF2DFD9B2023AF93.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829196/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829196	Figure 42. Stapes. A, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), stapes. B, Al. nigropunctatus (MDHC 242), stapes. C, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), stapes. D, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), stapes. Abbreviations: f, footplate; s, shaft. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 42. Stapes. A, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), stapes. B, Al. nigropunctatus (MDHC 242), stapes. C, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), stapes. D, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), stapes. Abbreviations: f, footplate; s, shaft. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D27C5A04FF2DFCEF232EAE3E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829196/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829196	Figure 42. Stapes. A, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), stapes. B, Al. nigropunctatus (MDHC 242), stapes. C, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), stapes. D, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), stapes. Abbreviations: f, footplate; s, shaft. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 42. Stapes. A, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), stapes. B, Al. nigropunctatus (MDHC 242), stapes. C, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), stapes. D, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), stapes. Abbreviations: f, footplate; s, shaft. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D27C5A04FF2DFC50204CA948.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829196/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829196	Figure 42. Stapes. A, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), stapes. B, Al. nigropunctatus (MDHC 242), stapes. C, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), stapes. D, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), stapes. Abbreviations: f, footplate; s, shaft. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 42. Stapes. A, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), stapes. B, Al. nigropunctatus (MDHC 242), stapes. C, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), stapes. D, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), stapes. Abbreviations: f, footplate; s, shaft. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2025A7AFF2DFCA023C8AB9B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829198/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829198	Figure 43. Dentaries.A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right dentary in medial (A) and lateral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left dentary in medial (C) and lateral (D) views. E–F, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 84), left dentary in medial (E) and lateral (F) views. G–H, Z. vivipara (MDHC 179), right dentary in medial (G) and lateral (H) views. I–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left dentary in medial (I) and lateral (J) views. K–L, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right dentary in medial (K) and lateral (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left dentary in medial (M) and lateral (N) views. O–P, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right dentary in medial (O) and lateral (P) views. Q–R, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right dentary in medial (Q) and lateral (R) views. S–T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right dentary in medial (S) and lateral (T) views. Abbreviations: ac, alveolar canal; as, alveolar shelf; asf, opening of the anterior surangular foramen; cp, central posterior process; ig, interdental groove; ip, inferior posterior process; is, intramandibular septum; mfr, mental foramen; mfs, Meckelian fossa; ms, mandibular symphysis; pr, posterior recess; sp, superior posterior process; sr, subdental ridge; ssh, subdental shelf; ssp, splenial spine; st, subdental table. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 43. Dentaries.A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right dentary in medial (A) and lateral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left dentary in medial (C) and lateral (D) views. E–F, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 84), left dentary in medial (E) and lateral (F) views. G–H, Z. vivipara (MDHC 179), right dentary in medial (G) and lateral (H) views. I–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left dentary in medial (I) and lateral (J) views. K–L, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right dentary in medial (K) and lateral (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left dentary in medial (M) and lateral (N) views. O–P, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right dentary in medial (O) and lateral (P) views. Q–R, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right dentary in medial (Q) and lateral (R) views. S–T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right dentary in medial (S) and lateral (T) views. Abbreviations: ac, alveolar canal; as, alveolar shelf; asf, opening of the anterior surangular foramen; cp, central posterior process; ig, interdental groove; ip, inferior posterior process; is, intramandibular septum; mfr, mental foramen; mfs, Meckelian fossa; ms, mandibular symphysis; pr, posterior recess; sp, superior posterior process; sr, subdental ridge; ssh, subdental shelf; ssp, splenial spine; st, subdental table. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2025A7AFF2DF8F725C9AB71.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829198/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829198	Figure 43. Dentaries.A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right dentary in medial (A) and lateral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left dentary in medial (C) and lateral (D) views. E–F, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 84), left dentary in medial (E) and lateral (F) views. G–H, Z. vivipara (MDHC 179), right dentary in medial (G) and lateral (H) views. I–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left dentary in medial (I) and lateral (J) views. K–L, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right dentary in medial (K) and lateral (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left dentary in medial (M) and lateral (N) views. O–P, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right dentary in medial (O) and lateral (P) views. Q–R, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right dentary in medial (Q) and lateral (R) views. S–T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right dentary in medial (S) and lateral (T) views. Abbreviations: ac, alveolar canal; as, alveolar shelf; asf, opening of the anterior surangular foramen; cp, central posterior process; ig, interdental groove; ip, inferior posterior process; is, intramandibular septum; mfr, mental foramen; mfs, Meckelian fossa; ms, mandibular symphysis; pr, posterior recess; sp, superior posterior process; sr, subdental ridge; ssh, subdental shelf; ssp, splenial spine; st, subdental table. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 43. Dentaries.A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right dentary in medial (A) and lateral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left dentary in medial (C) and lateral (D) views. E–F, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 84), left dentary in medial (E) and lateral (F) views. G–H, Z. vivipara (MDHC 179), right dentary in medial (G) and lateral (H) views. I–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left dentary in medial (I) and lateral (J) views. K–L, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right dentary in medial (K) and lateral (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left dentary in medial (M) and lateral (N) views. O–P, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right dentary in medial (O) and lateral (P) views. Q–R, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right dentary in medial (Q) and lateral (R) views. S–T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right dentary in medial (S) and lateral (T) views. Abbreviations: ac, alveolar canal; as, alveolar shelf; asf, opening of the anterior surangular foramen; cp, central posterior process; ig, interdental groove; ip, inferior posterior process; is, intramandibular septum; mfr, mental foramen; mfs, Meckelian fossa; ms, mandibular symphysis; pr, posterior recess; sp, superior posterior process; sr, subdental ridge; ssh, subdental shelf; ssp, splenial spine; st, subdental table. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2025A7BFC95F98820E4AB12.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829198/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829198	Figure 43. Dentaries.A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right dentary in medial (A) and lateral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left dentary in medial (C) and lateral (D) views. E–F, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 84), left dentary in medial (E) and lateral (F) views. G–H, Z. vivipara (MDHC 179), right dentary in medial (G) and lateral (H) views. I–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left dentary in medial (I) and lateral (J) views. K–L, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right dentary in medial (K) and lateral (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left dentary in medial (M) and lateral (N) views. O–P, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right dentary in medial (O) and lateral (P) views. Q–R, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right dentary in medial (Q) and lateral (R) views. S–T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right dentary in medial (S) and lateral (T) views. Abbreviations: ac, alveolar canal; as, alveolar shelf; asf, opening of the anterior surangular foramen; cp, central posterior process; ig, interdental groove; ip, inferior posterior process; is, intramandibular septum; mfr, mental foramen; mfs, Meckelian fossa; ms, mandibular symphysis; pr, posterior recess; sp, superior posterior process; sr, subdental ridge; ssh, subdental shelf; ssp, splenial spine; st, subdental table. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 43. Dentaries.A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right dentary in medial (A) and lateral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left dentary in medial (C) and lateral (D) views. E–F, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 84), left dentary in medial (E) and lateral (F) views. G–H, Z. vivipara (MDHC 179), right dentary in medial (G) and lateral (H) views. I–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left dentary in medial (I) and lateral (J) views. K–L, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right dentary in medial (K) and lateral (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left dentary in medial (M) and lateral (N) views. O–P, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right dentary in medial (O) and lateral (P) views. Q–R, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right dentary in medial (Q) and lateral (R) views. S–T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right dentary in medial (S) and lateral (T) views. Abbreviations: ac, alveolar canal; as, alveolar shelf; asf, opening of the anterior surangular foramen; cp, central posterior process; ig, interdental groove; ip, inferior posterior process; is, intramandibular septum; mfr, mental foramen; mfs, Meckelian fossa; ms, mandibular symphysis; pr, posterior recess; sp, superior posterior process; sr, subdental ridge; ssh, subdental shelf; ssp, splenial spine; st, subdental table. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2035A78FF1FF96C22C2AF41.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829198/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829198	Figure 43. Dentaries.A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right dentary in medial (A) and lateral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left dentary in medial (C) and lateral (D) views. E–F, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 84), left dentary in medial (E) and lateral (F) views. G–H, Z. vivipara (MDHC 179), right dentary in medial (G) and lateral (H) views. I–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left dentary in medial (I) and lateral (J) views. K–L, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right dentary in medial (K) and lateral (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left dentary in medial (M) and lateral (N) views. O–P, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right dentary in medial (O) and lateral (P) views. Q–R, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right dentary in medial (Q) and lateral (R) views. S–T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right dentary in medial (S) and lateral (T) views. Abbreviations: ac, alveolar canal; as, alveolar shelf; asf, opening of the anterior surangular foramen; cp, central posterior process; ig, interdental groove; ip, inferior posterior process; is, intramandibular septum; mfr, mental foramen; mfs, Meckelian fossa; ms, mandibular symphysis; pr, posterior recess; sp, superior posterior process; sr, subdental ridge; ssh, subdental shelf; ssp, splenial spine; st, subdental table. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 43. Dentaries.A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right dentary in medial (A) and lateral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), left dentary in medial (C) and lateral (D) views. E–F, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 84), left dentary in medial (E) and lateral (F) views. G–H, Z. vivipara (MDHC 179), right dentary in medial (G) and lateral (H) views. I–J, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left dentary in medial (I) and lateral (J) views. K–L, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right dentary in medial (K) and lateral (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left dentary in medial (M) and lateral (N) views. O–P, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right dentary in medial (O) and lateral (P) views. Q–R, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right dentary in medial (Q) and lateral (R) views. S–T, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right dentary in medial (S) and lateral (T) views. Abbreviations: ac, alveolar canal; as, alveolar shelf; asf, opening of the anterior surangular foramen; cp, central posterior process; ig, interdental groove; ip, inferior posterior process; is, intramandibular septum; mfr, mental foramen; mfs, Meckelian fossa; ms, mandibular symphysis; pr, posterior recess; sp, superior posterior process; sr, subdental ridge; ssh, subdental shelf; ssp, splenial spine; st, subdental table. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2035A78FF1FF96C22C2AF41.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829200/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829200	Figure 44. Anterior end of the dentaries of Podarcis siculus (MDHC 125; A) and Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102; B) in dorsal view. The arrow marks the expansion of the anguid symphysis. Scale bar = 1 mm.	Figure 44. Anterior end of the dentaries of Podarcis siculus (MDHC 125; A) and Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102; B) in dorsal view. The arrow marks the expansion of the anguid symphysis. Scale bar = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2035A78FF1FF96C22C2AF41.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829202/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829202	Figure 45. Splenials.A–B, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left splenial in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Po.tauricus (MDHC 153), left splenial in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left splenial in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G, Ab. kitaibelii (NHMW 751b), right splenial in medial view. H, Ab. kitaibelii (NHMW 751a), articulated right splenial in medial view. I–J, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right splenial in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left splenial in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right splenial in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left splenial in lateral (O) and medial (P) views. Q–R, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left splenial in lateral (Q) and medial (R) views. Abbreviations: aif, anterior inferior foramen; amf, anterior mylohyoid foramen; dc, dorsal crest; mc, medial crest; s, splenial. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 45. Splenials.A–B, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left splenial in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Po.tauricus (MDHC 153), left splenial in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left splenial in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G, Ab. kitaibelii (NHMW 751b), right splenial in medial view. H, Ab. kitaibelii (NHMW 751a), articulated right splenial in medial view. I–J, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right splenial in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left splenial in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right splenial in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left splenial in lateral (O) and medial (P) views. Q–R, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left splenial in lateral (Q) and medial (R) views. Abbreviations: aif, anterior inferior foramen; amf, anterior mylohyoid foramen; dc, dorsal crest; mc, medial crest; s, splenial. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2005A79FC95FDB3201BAC78.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829204/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829204	Figure 46. Median portion of the right lower jaw of Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-5) in medial view, showing the absence of the splenial. Scale bar = 1 mm.	Figure 46. Median portion of the right lower jaw of Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-5) in medial view, showing the absence of the splenial. Scale bar = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2015A7EFC87F8F520B9ABD4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829206/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829206	Figure 47. Coronoids.A–B,Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right coronoid in lateral (A)and medial (B) views.C–D,Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right coronoid in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right coronoid in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G–H, Po. muralis (MDHC 311), right coronoid in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. I–J, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right coronoid in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right coronoid in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left coronoid in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right coronoid in lateral (O) and medial (P) views. Q–R, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right coronoid in lateral (Q) and medial (R) views. Abbreviations: amp, anteromedial process; apj, anterior projection of the anteromedial process; cp, coronoid process; cr, coronoid ridge; lp, labial process; pmp, posteromedial process; pp, posterior process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 47. Coronoids.A–B,Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right coronoid in lateral (A)and medial (B) views.C–D,Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right coronoid in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right coronoid in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G–H, Po. muralis (MDHC 311), right coronoid in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. I–J, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right coronoid in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right coronoid in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left coronoid in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right coronoid in lateral (O) and medial (P) views. Q–R, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right coronoid in lateral (Q) and medial (R) views. Abbreviations: amp, anteromedial process; apj, anterior projection of the anteromedial process; cp, coronoid process; cr, coronoid ridge; lp, labial process; pmp, posteromedial process; pp, posterior process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2015A79FC87FDBC2448AB98.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829202/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829202	Figure 45. Splenials.A–B, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left splenial in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Po.tauricus (MDHC 153), left splenial in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left splenial in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G, Ab. kitaibelii (NHMW 751b), right splenial in medial view. H, Ab. kitaibelii (NHMW 751a), articulated right splenial in medial view. I–J, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right splenial in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left splenial in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right splenial in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left splenial in lateral (O) and medial (P) views. Q–R, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left splenial in lateral (Q) and medial (R) views. Abbreviations: aif, anterior inferior foramen; amf, anterior mylohyoid foramen; dc, dorsal crest; mc, medial crest; s, splenial. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 45. Splenials.A–B, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left splenial in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Po.tauricus (MDHC 153), left splenial in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left splenial in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G, Ab. kitaibelii (NHMW 751b), right splenial in medial view. H, Ab. kitaibelii (NHMW 751a), articulated right splenial in medial view. I–J, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right splenial in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left splenial in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right splenial in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left splenial in lateral (O) and medial (P) views. Q–R, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left splenial in lateral (Q) and medial (R) views. Abbreviations: aif, anterior inferior foramen; amf, anterior mylohyoid foramen; dc, dorsal crest; mc, medial crest; s, splenial. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2015A79FC87FDBC2448AB98.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829206/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829206	Figure 47. Coronoids.A–B,Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right coronoid in lateral (A)and medial (B) views.C–D,Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right coronoid in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right coronoid in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G–H, Po. muralis (MDHC 311), right coronoid in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. I–J, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right coronoid in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right coronoid in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left coronoid in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right coronoid in lateral (O) and medial (P) views. Q–R, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right coronoid in lateral (Q) and medial (R) views. Abbreviations: amp, anteromedial process; apj, anterior projection of the anteromedial process; cp, coronoid process; cr, coronoid ridge; lp, labial process; pmp, posteromedial process; pp, posterior process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 47. Coronoids.A–B,Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right coronoid in lateral (A)and medial (B) views.C–D,Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right coronoid in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right coronoid in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G–H, Po. muralis (MDHC 311), right coronoid in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. I–J, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right coronoid in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right coronoid in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left coronoid in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right coronoid in lateral (O) and medial (P) views. Q–R, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right coronoid in lateral (Q) and medial (R) views. Abbreviations: amp, anteromedial process; apj, anterior projection of the anteromedial process; cp, coronoid process; cr, coronoid ridge; lp, labial process; pmp, posteromedial process; pp, posterior process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2015A79FF1FFE95201DAE15.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829202/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829202	Figure 45. Splenials.A–B, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left splenial in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Po.tauricus (MDHC 153), left splenial in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left splenial in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G, Ab. kitaibelii (NHMW 751b), right splenial in medial view. H, Ab. kitaibelii (NHMW 751a), articulated right splenial in medial view. I–J, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right splenial in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left splenial in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right splenial in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left splenial in lateral (O) and medial (P) views. Q–R, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left splenial in lateral (Q) and medial (R) views. Abbreviations: aif, anterior inferior foramen; amf, anterior mylohyoid foramen; dc, dorsal crest; mc, medial crest; s, splenial. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 45. Splenials.A–B, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left splenial in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Po.tauricus (MDHC 153), left splenial in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left splenial in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G, Ab. kitaibelii (NHMW 751b), right splenial in medial view. H, Ab. kitaibelii (NHMW 751a), articulated right splenial in medial view. I–J, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right splenial in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left splenial in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right splenial in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left splenial in lateral (O) and medial (P) views. Q–R, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left splenial in lateral (Q) and medial (R) views. Abbreviations: aif, anterior inferior foramen; amf, anterior mylohyoid foramen; dc, dorsal crest; mc, medial crest; s, splenial. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2015A79FF1FFC69255EAF41.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829202/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829202	Figure 45. Splenials.A–B, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left splenial in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Po.tauricus (MDHC 153), left splenial in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left splenial in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G, Ab. kitaibelii (NHMW 751b), right splenial in medial view. H, Ab. kitaibelii (NHMW 751a), articulated right splenial in medial view. I–J, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right splenial in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left splenial in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right splenial in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left splenial in lateral (O) and medial (P) views. Q–R, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left splenial in lateral (Q) and medial (R) views. Abbreviations: aif, anterior inferior foramen; amf, anterior mylohyoid foramen; dc, dorsal crest; mc, medial crest; s, splenial. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 45. Splenials.A–B, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left splenial in lateral (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Po.tauricus (MDHC 153), left splenial in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left splenial in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G, Ab. kitaibelii (NHMW 751b), right splenial in medial view. H, Ab. kitaibelii (NHMW 751a), articulated right splenial in medial view. I–J, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right splenial in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left splenial in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), right splenial in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), left splenial in lateral (O) and medial (P) views. Q–R, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 215), left splenial in lateral (Q) and medial (R) views. Abbreviations: aif, anterior inferior foramen; amf, anterior mylohyoid foramen; dc, dorsal crest; mc, medial crest; s, splenial. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2065A7EFF2DF92925E0AB4F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829206/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829206	Figure 47. Coronoids.A–B,Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right coronoid in lateral (A)and medial (B) views.C–D,Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right coronoid in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right coronoid in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G–H, Po. muralis (MDHC 311), right coronoid in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. I–J, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right coronoid in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right coronoid in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left coronoid in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right coronoid in lateral (O) and medial (P) views. Q–R, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right coronoid in lateral (Q) and medial (R) views. Abbreviations: amp, anteromedial process; apj, anterior projection of the anteromedial process; cp, coronoid process; cr, coronoid ridge; lp, labial process; pmp, posteromedial process; pp, posterior process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 47. Coronoids.A–B,Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right coronoid in lateral (A)and medial (B) views.C–D,Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right coronoid in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right coronoid in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G–H, Po. muralis (MDHC 311), right coronoid in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. I–J, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right coronoid in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right coronoid in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left coronoid in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right coronoid in lateral (O) and medial (P) views. Q–R, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right coronoid in lateral (Q) and medial (R) views. Abbreviations: amp, anteromedial process; apj, anterior projection of the anteromedial process; cp, coronoid process; cr, coronoid ridge; lp, labial process; pmp, posteromedial process; pp, posterior process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2065A7FFC95F9C323C7AF8A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829206/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829206	Figure 47. Coronoids.A–B,Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right coronoid in lateral (A)and medial (B) views.C–D,Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right coronoid in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right coronoid in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G–H, Po. muralis (MDHC 311), right coronoid in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. I–J, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right coronoid in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right coronoid in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left coronoid in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right coronoid in lateral (O) and medial (P) views. Q–R, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right coronoid in lateral (Q) and medial (R) views. Abbreviations: amp, anteromedial process; apj, anterior projection of the anteromedial process; cp, coronoid process; cr, coronoid ridge; lp, labial process; pmp, posteromedial process; pp, posterior process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 47. Coronoids.A–B,Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right coronoid in lateral (A)and medial (B) views.C–D,Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right coronoid in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right coronoid in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G–H, Po. muralis (MDHC 311), right coronoid in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. I–J, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right coronoid in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right coronoid in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left coronoid in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right coronoid in lateral (O) and medial (P) views. Q–R, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right coronoid in lateral (Q) and medial (R) views. Abbreviations: amp, anteromedial process; apj, anterior projection of the anteromedial process; cp, coronoid process; cr, coronoid ridge; lp, labial process; pmp, posteromedial process; pp, posterior process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2075A7FFF1FFD0425D4AF64.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829206/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829206	Figure 47. Coronoids.A–B,Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right coronoid in lateral (A)and medial (B) views.C–D,Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right coronoid in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right coronoid in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G–H, Po. muralis (MDHC 311), right coronoid in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. I–J, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right coronoid in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right coronoid in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left coronoid in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right coronoid in lateral (O) and medial (P) views. Q–R, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right coronoid in lateral (Q) and medial (R) views. Abbreviations: amp, anteromedial process; apj, anterior projection of the anteromedial process; cp, coronoid process; cr, coronoid ridge; lp, labial process; pmp, posteromedial process; pp, posterior process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 47. Coronoids.A–B,Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right coronoid in lateral (A)and medial (B) views.C–D,Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right coronoid in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right coronoid in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G–H, Po. muralis (MDHC 311), right coronoid in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. I–J, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right coronoid in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right coronoid in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left coronoid in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right coronoid in lateral (O) and medial (P) views. Q–R, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right coronoid in lateral (Q) and medial (R) views. Abbreviations: amp, anteromedial process; apj, anterior projection of the anteromedial process; cp, coronoid process; cr, coronoid ridge; lp, labial process; pmp, posteromedial process; pp, posterior process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2075A7FFF1FFD0425D4AF64.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829117/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829117	Figure 4. Right frontal of a juvenile of Ti. lepidus (NHMW 625) in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bar = 1 mm.	Figure 4. Right frontal of a juvenile of Ti. lepidus (NHMW 625) in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bar = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2075A7FFF1FFD0425D4AF64.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829119/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829119	Figure 5. Parietals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), parietal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), parietal in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), parietal in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Lacerta schreiberi (UAM.R.S-6), parietal in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), parietal in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), parietal in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), parietal in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), parietal in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), parietal in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), parietal in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views. U–V, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), parietal in dorsal (U) and ventral (V) views.W–X, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), parietal in dorsal (W) and ventral (X) views. Y–Z, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), parietal in dorsal (Y) and ventral (Z) views. Abbreviations: al, area levis; alp, anterolateral process; as, anterior section of the anterolateral ventral crest; aspa, articulation surface with the processus ascendens of the supraoccipital; avc, anterolateral ventral crest; fps, frontoparietal shield; ips, interparietal	Figure 5. Parietals – A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), parietal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), parietal in dorsal (C) and ventral (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), parietal in dorsal (E) and ventral (F) views. G–H, Lacerta schreiberi (UAM.R.S-6), parietal in dorsal (G) and ventral (H) views. I–J, Ophisops elegans (MDHC 281), parietal in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) views. K–L, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), parietal in dorsal (K) and ventral (L) views. M–N, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), parietal in dorsal (M) and ventral (N) views. O–P, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), parietal in dorsal (O) and ventral (P) views. Q–R, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), parietal in dorsal (Q) and ventral (R) views. S–T, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), parietal in dorsal (S) and ventral (T) views. U–V, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), parietal in dorsal (U) and ventral (V) views.W–X, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), parietal in dorsal (W) and ventral (X) views. Y–Z, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), parietal in dorsal (Y) and ventral (Z) views. Abbreviations: al, area levis; alp, anterolateral process; as, anterior section of the anterolateral ventral crest; aspa, articulation surface with the processus ascendens of the supraoccipital; avc, anterolateral ventral crest; fps, frontoparietal shield; ips, interparietal	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2075A7FFF1FFD0425D4AF64.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829121/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829121	Figure 6. Parietals (continued) – A–B, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), parietal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views (supratemporal processes are broken). C, Pseudopus apodus (PIMUZ A/III0975), parietal in dorsal view. D, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245) in right lateral view. E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), parietal in right lateral view. F, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), parietal in left lateral view. G, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), parietal in left lateral view. H, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), parietal in left lateral view. I, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), parietal in left lateral view. J, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), parietal in left lateral view. K, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), parietal in right lateral view (supratemporal processes are broken). Abbreviations: al, area levis; as, anterior section of the anterolateral ventral crest; aslf, articulation surface with the lappet of the frontal; ca, carina arcuata; ep, epipterygoid process; fps, frontoparietal shield; l, lappet; mc, median crest; pc, parietal crest; pfs, parietal fossa; ps, posterior section of the posterolateral ventral crest. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 6. Parietals (continued) – A–B, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), parietal in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views (supratemporal processes are broken). C, Pseudopus apodus (PIMUZ A/III0975), parietal in dorsal view. D, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245) in right lateral view. E, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), parietal in right lateral view. F, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 381), parietal in left lateral view. G, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), parietal in left lateral view. H, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), parietal in left lateral view. I, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), parietal in left lateral view. J, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), parietal in left lateral view. K, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), parietal in right lateral view (supratemporal processes are broken). Abbreviations: al, area levis; as, anterior section of the anterolateral ventral crest; aslf, articulation surface with the lappet of the frontal; ca, carina arcuata; ep, epipterygoid process; fps, frontoparietal shield; l, lappet; mc, median crest; pc, parietal crest; pfs, parietal fossa; ps, posterior section of the posterolateral ventral crest. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2075A7FFF1FFD0425D4AF64.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829123/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829123	Figure 7. Articulated parietal of Ti. lepidus (MNHN 1991.4242) in dorsal view. Scale bar = 1 mm.	Figure 7. Articulated parietal of Ti. lepidus (MNHN 1991.4242) in dorsal view. Scale bar = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2075A7FFF1FFD0425D4AF64.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829127/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829127	Figure 8. Premaxillae – A–C,Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), premaxilla in anterior (A), left lateral (B), and posterior (C) views. D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 721), articulated premaxilla in anterior view. E–H, Ac.erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), premaxilla in anterior (E), posterior (F), left lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. I–L, I. monticola monticola (UAM.R.Lm77), premaxilla in anterior (I), posterior (J), right lateral (K) and dorsal (L) views. M–P, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 15), premaxilla in anterior (M), posterior (N), left lateral (O) and dorsal (P) views. Q–T, Po. waglerianus (MDHC 390), premaxilla in anterior (Q), posterior (R), right lateral (S) and dorsal (T) views. U, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), premaxilla in posterior view. V–Y, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 94), left premaxilla in anterior (V), posterior (W), lateral (X) and dorsal (Y) views.Abbreviations: am, alveolar margin; anp, ascending nasal process; ap, alveolar plate; flc, foramen of the longitudinal canal; ip, incisive process; pp, palatal process; sc, septonasal crest. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 8. Premaxillae – A–C,Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), premaxilla in anterior (A), left lateral (B), and posterior (C) views. D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 721), articulated premaxilla in anterior view. E–H, Ac.erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), premaxilla in anterior (E), posterior (F), left lateral (G) and ventral (H) views. I–L, I. monticola monticola (UAM.R.Lm77), premaxilla in anterior (I), posterior (J), right lateral (K) and dorsal (L) views. M–P, Lacerta bilineata (MDHC 15), premaxilla in anterior (M), posterior (N), left lateral (O) and dorsal (P) views. Q–T, Po. waglerianus (MDHC 390), premaxilla in anterior (Q), posterior (R), right lateral (S) and dorsal (T) views. U, Z. vivipara (UAM.R.Lv24), premaxilla in posterior view. V–Y, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 94), left premaxilla in anterior (V), posterior (W), lateral (X) and dorsal (Y) views.Abbreviations: am, alveolar margin; anp, ascending nasal process; ap, alveolar plate; flc, foramen of the longitudinal canal; ip, incisive process; pp, palatal process; sc, septonasal crest. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2075A7CFC87FD9F25DFAF89.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829206/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829206	Figure 47. Coronoids.A–B,Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right coronoid in lateral (A)and medial (B) views.C–D,Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right coronoid in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right coronoid in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G–H, Po. muralis (MDHC 311), right coronoid in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. I–J, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right coronoid in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right coronoid in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left coronoid in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right coronoid in lateral (O) and medial (P) views. Q–R, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right coronoid in lateral (Q) and medial (R) views. Abbreviations: amp, anteromedial process; apj, anterior projection of the anteromedial process; cp, coronoid process; cr, coronoid ridge; lp, labial process; pmp, posteromedial process; pp, posterior process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 47. Coronoids.A–B,Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right coronoid in lateral (A)and medial (B) views.C–D,Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right coronoid in lateral (C) and medial (D) views. E–F, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), right coronoid in lateral (E) and medial (F) views. G–H, Po. muralis (MDHC 311), right coronoid in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. I–J, Chalcides chalcides (MDHC 398), right coronoid in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right coronoid in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), left coronoid in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. O–P, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right coronoid in lateral (O) and medial (P) views. Q–R, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right coronoid in lateral (Q) and medial (R) views. Abbreviations: amp, anteromedial process; apj, anterior projection of the anteromedial process; cp, coronoid process; cr, coronoid ridge; lp, labial process; pmp, posteromedial process; pp, posterior process. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2075A7CFC87FD9F25DFAF89.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829208/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829208	Figure 49. Angulars. A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), left angular in dorsal (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (HUJ.OST-Z-425), right angular in dorsal (C) and medial (B) views. E, Psammodromus algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), left angular in lateral view. F–H, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left angular in lateral (F), medial (G) and dorsal (H) views. I–J, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left angular in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right angular in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right angular in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. Abbreviations: ar, angular ridge; asd, articulation surface for the dentary; paf, posterior alveolar foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 49. Angulars. A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), left angular in dorsal (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (HUJ.OST-Z-425), right angular in dorsal (C) and medial (B) views. E, Psammodromus algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), left angular in lateral view. F–H, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left angular in lateral (F), medial (G) and dorsal (H) views. I–J, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left angular in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right angular in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right angular in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. Abbreviations: ar, angular ridge; asd, articulation surface for the dentary; paf, posterior alveolar foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2075A7CFC87FD9F25DFAF89.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829210/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829210	Figure 50. Compound bones.A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right surangular in medial (A) and lateral (B) views. C–D, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), fused left prearticular and articular in medial (C) and lateral (D) views. E–F, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right compound bone in medial (E) and lateral (F) views. G, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left compound bone in medial view. H–I, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), left compound bone in medial (H) and lateral (I) views. J, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), right compound bone in medial view. K–L, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left compound bone in medial (K) and lateral (L) views. M–N, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right compound bone in medial (M) and lateral (N) views. O–P, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right compound bone in medial (O) and lateral (P) views. Q–R, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left compound bone in medial (Q) and lateral (R) views. S–T, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right compound bone in medial (S) and lateral (T) views. U–V, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left compound bone in medial (U) and lateral (V) views. Abbreviations: ac, articular condyle with the quadrate; af, adductor fossa; ap, angular process; ar, articular; asa, articulation surface with the angular; asd, articulation surface with the dentary; asf, anterior surangular foramen; fct, foramen for the chorda tympani; lc, lateral crest; pra, prearticular; psf, posterior surangular foramen; rap, retroarticular process; sa, surangular; t, tubercle; tr, tympanic ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 50. Compound bones.A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right surangular in medial (A) and lateral (B) views. C–D, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), fused left prearticular and articular in medial (C) and lateral (D) views. E–F, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right compound bone in medial (E) and lateral (F) views. G, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left compound bone in medial view. H–I, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), left compound bone in medial (H) and lateral (I) views. J, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), right compound bone in medial view. K–L, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left compound bone in medial (K) and lateral (L) views. M–N, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right compound bone in medial (M) and lateral (N) views. O–P, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right compound bone in medial (O) and lateral (P) views. Q–R, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left compound bone in medial (Q) and lateral (R) views. S–T, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right compound bone in medial (S) and lateral (T) views. U–V, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left compound bone in medial (U) and lateral (V) views. Abbreviations: ac, articular condyle with the quadrate; af, adductor fossa; ap, angular process; ar, articular; asa, articulation surface with the angular; asd, articulation surface with the dentary; asf, anterior surangular foramen; fct, foramen for the chorda tympani; lc, lateral crest; pra, prearticular; psf, posterior surangular foramen; rap, retroarticular process; sa, surangular; t, tubercle; tr, tympanic ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2075A7CFC87FD9F25DFAF89.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829212/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829212	Figure 51. Compound bones (continued). A, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left compound bone in dorsal view. B, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), left compound bone in dorsal view. C, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right compound bone in dorsal view. D, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right compound bone in dorsal view. E, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left compound bone in dorsal view. Abbreviations: ap, angular process; asf, anterior surangular foramen; psf, posterior surangular foramen; t, tubercle; tr, tympanic ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 51. Compound bones (continued). A, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left compound bone in dorsal view. B, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), left compound bone in dorsal view. C, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right compound bone in dorsal view. D, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right compound bone in dorsal view. E, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left compound bone in dorsal view. Abbreviations: ap, angular process; asf, anterior surangular foramen; psf, posterior surangular foramen; t, tubercle; tr, tympanic ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2045A72FC95FCFD23C6A805.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829208/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829208	Figure 49. Angulars. A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), left angular in dorsal (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (HUJ.OST-Z-425), right angular in dorsal (C) and medial (B) views. E, Psammodromus algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), left angular in lateral view. F–H, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left angular in lateral (F), medial (G) and dorsal (H) views. I–J, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left angular in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right angular in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right angular in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. Abbreviations: ar, angular ridge; asd, articulation surface for the dentary; paf, posterior alveolar foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 49. Angulars. A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), left angular in dorsal (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (HUJ.OST-Z-425), right angular in dorsal (C) and medial (B) views. E, Psammodromus algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), left angular in lateral view. F–H, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left angular in lateral (F), medial (G) and dorsal (H) views. I–J, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left angular in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right angular in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right angular in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. Abbreviations: ar, angular ridge; asd, articulation surface for the dentary; paf, posterior alveolar foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2045A72FC95FCFD23C6A805.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829210/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829210	Figure 50. Compound bones.A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right surangular in medial (A) and lateral (B) views. C–D, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), fused left prearticular and articular in medial (C) and lateral (D) views. E–F, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right compound bone in medial (E) and lateral (F) views. G, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left compound bone in medial view. H–I, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), left compound bone in medial (H) and lateral (I) views. J, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), right compound bone in medial view. K–L, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left compound bone in medial (K) and lateral (L) views. M–N, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right compound bone in medial (M) and lateral (N) views. O–P, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right compound bone in medial (O) and lateral (P) views. Q–R, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left compound bone in medial (Q) and lateral (R) views. S–T, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right compound bone in medial (S) and lateral (T) views. U–V, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left compound bone in medial (U) and lateral (V) views. Abbreviations: ac, articular condyle with the quadrate; af, adductor fossa; ap, angular process; ar, articular; asa, articulation surface with the angular; asd, articulation surface with the dentary; asf, anterior surangular foramen; fct, foramen for the chorda tympani; lc, lateral crest; pra, prearticular; psf, posterior surangular foramen; rap, retroarticular process; sa, surangular; t, tubercle; tr, tympanic ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 50. Compound bones.A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right surangular in medial (A) and lateral (B) views. C–D, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), fused left prearticular and articular in medial (C) and lateral (D) views. E–F, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right compound bone in medial (E) and lateral (F) views. G, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left compound bone in medial view. H–I, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), left compound bone in medial (H) and lateral (I) views. J, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), right compound bone in medial view. K–L, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left compound bone in medial (K) and lateral (L) views. M–N, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right compound bone in medial (M) and lateral (N) views. O–P, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right compound bone in medial (O) and lateral (P) views. Q–R, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left compound bone in medial (Q) and lateral (R) views. S–T, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right compound bone in medial (S) and lateral (T) views. U–V, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left compound bone in medial (U) and lateral (V) views. Abbreviations: ac, articular condyle with the quadrate; af, adductor fossa; ap, angular process; ar, articular; asa, articulation surface with the angular; asd, articulation surface with the dentary; asf, anterior surangular foramen; fct, foramen for the chorda tympani; lc, lateral crest; pra, prearticular; psf, posterior surangular foramen; rap, retroarticular process; sa, surangular; t, tubercle; tr, tympanic ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2045A72FC95FCFD23C6A805.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829212/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829212	Figure 51. Compound bones (continued). A, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left compound bone in dorsal view. B, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), left compound bone in dorsal view. C, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right compound bone in dorsal view. D, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right compound bone in dorsal view. E, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left compound bone in dorsal view. Abbreviations: ap, angular process; asf, anterior surangular foramen; psf, posterior surangular foramen; t, tubercle; tr, tympanic ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 51. Compound bones (continued). A, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left compound bone in dorsal view. B, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), left compound bone in dorsal view. C, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right compound bone in dorsal view. D, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right compound bone in dorsal view. E, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left compound bone in dorsal view. Abbreviations: ap, angular process; asf, anterior surangular foramen; psf, posterior surangular foramen; t, tubercle; tr, tympanic ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D20A5A72FF2DFA78224CAE0F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829208/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829208	Figure 49. Angulars. A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), left angular in dorsal (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (HUJ.OST-Z-425), right angular in dorsal (C) and medial (B) views. E, Psammodromus algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), left angular in lateral view. F–H, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left angular in lateral (F), medial (G) and dorsal (H) views. I–J, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left angular in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right angular in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right angular in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. Abbreviations: ar, angular ridge; asd, articulation surface for the dentary; paf, posterior alveolar foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 49. Angulars. A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), left angular in dorsal (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (HUJ.OST-Z-425), right angular in dorsal (C) and medial (B) views. E, Psammodromus algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), left angular in lateral view. F–H, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left angular in lateral (F), medial (G) and dorsal (H) views. I–J, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left angular in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right angular in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right angular in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. Abbreviations: ar, angular ridge; asd, articulation surface for the dentary; paf, posterior alveolar foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D20A5A72FF2DFA78224CAE0F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829210/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829210	Figure 50. Compound bones.A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right surangular in medial (A) and lateral (B) views. C–D, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), fused left prearticular and articular in medial (C) and lateral (D) views. E–F, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right compound bone in medial (E) and lateral (F) views. G, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left compound bone in medial view. H–I, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), left compound bone in medial (H) and lateral (I) views. J, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), right compound bone in medial view. K–L, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left compound bone in medial (K) and lateral (L) views. M–N, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right compound bone in medial (M) and lateral (N) views. O–P, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right compound bone in medial (O) and lateral (P) views. Q–R, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left compound bone in medial (Q) and lateral (R) views. S–T, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right compound bone in medial (S) and lateral (T) views. U–V, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left compound bone in medial (U) and lateral (V) views. Abbreviations: ac, articular condyle with the quadrate; af, adductor fossa; ap, angular process; ar, articular; asa, articulation surface with the angular; asd, articulation surface with the dentary; asf, anterior surangular foramen; fct, foramen for the chorda tympani; lc, lateral crest; pra, prearticular; psf, posterior surangular foramen; rap, retroarticular process; sa, surangular; t, tubercle; tr, tympanic ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 50. Compound bones.A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right surangular in medial (A) and lateral (B) views. C–D, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), fused left prearticular and articular in medial (C) and lateral (D) views. E–F, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right compound bone in medial (E) and lateral (F) views. G, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left compound bone in medial view. H–I, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), left compound bone in medial (H) and lateral (I) views. J, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), right compound bone in medial view. K–L, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left compound bone in medial (K) and lateral (L) views. M–N, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right compound bone in medial (M) and lateral (N) views. O–P, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right compound bone in medial (O) and lateral (P) views. Q–R, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left compound bone in medial (Q) and lateral (R) views. S–T, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right compound bone in medial (S) and lateral (T) views. U–V, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left compound bone in medial (U) and lateral (V) views. Abbreviations: ac, articular condyle with the quadrate; af, adductor fossa; ap, angular process; ar, articular; asa, articulation surface with the angular; asd, articulation surface with the dentary; asf, anterior surangular foramen; fct, foramen for the chorda tympani; lc, lateral crest; pra, prearticular; psf, posterior surangular foramen; rap, retroarticular process; sa, surangular; t, tubercle; tr, tympanic ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D20A5A73FC95FC8322E0AE0F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829208/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829208	Figure 49. Angulars. A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), left angular in dorsal (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (HUJ.OST-Z-425), right angular in dorsal (C) and medial (B) views. E, Psammodromus algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), left angular in lateral view. F–H, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left angular in lateral (F), medial (G) and dorsal (H) views. I–J, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left angular in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right angular in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right angular in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. Abbreviations: ar, angular ridge; asd, articulation surface for the dentary; paf, posterior alveolar foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 49. Angulars. A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), left angular in dorsal (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (HUJ.OST-Z-425), right angular in dorsal (C) and medial (B) views. E, Psammodromus algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), left angular in lateral view. F–H, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left angular in lateral (F), medial (G) and dorsal (H) views. I–J, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left angular in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right angular in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right angular in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. Abbreviations: ar, angular ridge; asd, articulation surface for the dentary; paf, posterior alveolar foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D20A5A73FC95FC8322E0AE0F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829210/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829210	Figure 50. Compound bones.A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right surangular in medial (A) and lateral (B) views. C–D, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), fused left prearticular and articular in medial (C) and lateral (D) views. E–F, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right compound bone in medial (E) and lateral (F) views. G, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left compound bone in medial view. H–I, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), left compound bone in medial (H) and lateral (I) views. J, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), right compound bone in medial view. K–L, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left compound bone in medial (K) and lateral (L) views. M–N, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right compound bone in medial (M) and lateral (N) views. O–P, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right compound bone in medial (O) and lateral (P) views. Q–R, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left compound bone in medial (Q) and lateral (R) views. S–T, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right compound bone in medial (S) and lateral (T) views. U–V, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left compound bone in medial (U) and lateral (V) views. Abbreviations: ac, articular condyle with the quadrate; af, adductor fossa; ap, angular process; ar, articular; asa, articulation surface with the angular; asd, articulation surface with the dentary; asf, anterior surangular foramen; fct, foramen for the chorda tympani; lc, lateral crest; pra, prearticular; psf, posterior surangular foramen; rap, retroarticular process; sa, surangular; t, tubercle; tr, tympanic ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 50. Compound bones.A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right surangular in medial (A) and lateral (B) views. C–D, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), fused left prearticular and articular in medial (C) and lateral (D) views. E–F, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right compound bone in medial (E) and lateral (F) views. G, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left compound bone in medial view. H–I, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), left compound bone in medial (H) and lateral (I) views. J, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), right compound bone in medial view. K–L, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left compound bone in medial (K) and lateral (L) views. M–N, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right compound bone in medial (M) and lateral (N) views. O–P, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right compound bone in medial (O) and lateral (P) views. Q–R, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left compound bone in medial (Q) and lateral (R) views. S–T, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right compound bone in medial (S) and lateral (T) views. U–V, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left compound bone in medial (U) and lateral (V) views. Abbreviations: ac, articular condyle with the quadrate; af, adductor fossa; ap, angular process; ar, articular; asa, articulation surface with the angular; asd, articulation surface with the dentary; asf, anterior surangular foramen; fct, foramen for the chorda tympani; lc, lateral crest; pra, prearticular; psf, posterior surangular foramen; rap, retroarticular process; sa, surangular; t, tubercle; tr, tympanic ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D20A5A73FC95FC8322E0AE0F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829212/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829212	Figure 51. Compound bones (continued). A, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left compound bone in dorsal view. B, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), left compound bone in dorsal view. C, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right compound bone in dorsal view. D, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right compound bone in dorsal view. E, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left compound bone in dorsal view. Abbreviations: ap, angular process; asf, anterior surangular foramen; psf, posterior surangular foramen; t, tubercle; tr, tympanic ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 51. Compound bones (continued). A, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left compound bone in dorsal view. B, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), left compound bone in dorsal view. C, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right compound bone in dorsal view. D, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right compound bone in dorsal view. E, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left compound bone in dorsal view. Abbreviations: ap, angular process; asf, anterior surangular foramen; psf, posterior surangular foramen; t, tubercle; tr, tympanic ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D20A5A73FC95FC8322E0AE0F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829214/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829214	Figure 52. Posterior end of the left compound bone of Lacerta viridis NHMW 663 in medial view, showing the strong expansion of the ventral margin. Scale bar = 1 mm.	Figure 52. Posterior end of the left compound bone of Lacerta viridis NHMW 663 in medial view, showing the strong expansion of the ventral margin. Scale bar = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D20B5A70FC87FC832023A93C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829208/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829208	Figure 49. Angulars. A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), left angular in dorsal (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (HUJ.OST-Z-425), right angular in dorsal (C) and medial (B) views. E, Psammodromus algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), left angular in lateral view. F–H, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left angular in lateral (F), medial (G) and dorsal (H) views. I–J, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left angular in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right angular in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right angular in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. Abbreviations: ar, angular ridge; asd, articulation surface for the dentary; paf, posterior alveolar foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 49. Angulars. A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), left angular in dorsal (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (HUJ.OST-Z-425), right angular in dorsal (C) and medial (B) views. E, Psammodromus algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), left angular in lateral view. F–H, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left angular in lateral (F), medial (G) and dorsal (H) views. I–J, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left angular in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right angular in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right angular in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. Abbreviations: ar, angular ridge; asd, articulation surface for the dentary; paf, posterior alveolar foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D20B5A70FC87FC832023A93C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829210/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829210	Figure 50. Compound bones.A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right surangular in medial (A) and lateral (B) views. C–D, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), fused left prearticular and articular in medial (C) and lateral (D) views. E–F, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right compound bone in medial (E) and lateral (F) views. G, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left compound bone in medial view. H–I, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), left compound bone in medial (H) and lateral (I) views. J, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), right compound bone in medial view. K–L, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left compound bone in medial (K) and lateral (L) views. M–N, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right compound bone in medial (M) and lateral (N) views. O–P, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right compound bone in medial (O) and lateral (P) views. Q–R, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left compound bone in medial (Q) and lateral (R) views. S–T, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right compound bone in medial (S) and lateral (T) views. U–V, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left compound bone in medial (U) and lateral (V) views. Abbreviations: ac, articular condyle with the quadrate; af, adductor fossa; ap, angular process; ar, articular; asa, articulation surface with the angular; asd, articulation surface with the dentary; asf, anterior surangular foramen; fct, foramen for the chorda tympani; lc, lateral crest; pra, prearticular; psf, posterior surangular foramen; rap, retroarticular process; sa, surangular; t, tubercle; tr, tympanic ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 50. Compound bones.A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right surangular in medial (A) and lateral (B) views. C–D, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), fused left prearticular and articular in medial (C) and lateral (D) views. E–F, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right compound bone in medial (E) and lateral (F) views. G, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left compound bone in medial view. H–I, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), left compound bone in medial (H) and lateral (I) views. J, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), right compound bone in medial view. K–L, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left compound bone in medial (K) and lateral (L) views. M–N, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right compound bone in medial (M) and lateral (N) views. O–P, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right compound bone in medial (O) and lateral (P) views. Q–R, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left compound bone in medial (Q) and lateral (R) views. S–T, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right compound bone in medial (S) and lateral (T) views. U–V, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left compound bone in medial (U) and lateral (V) views. Abbreviations: ac, articular condyle with the quadrate; af, adductor fossa; ap, angular process; ar, articular; asa, articulation surface with the angular; asd, articulation surface with the dentary; asf, anterior surangular foramen; fct, foramen for the chorda tympani; lc, lateral crest; pra, prearticular; psf, posterior surangular foramen; rap, retroarticular process; sa, surangular; t, tubercle; tr, tympanic ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D20B5A70FC87FC832023A93C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829212/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829212	Figure 51. Compound bones (continued). A, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left compound bone in dorsal view. B, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), left compound bone in dorsal view. C, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right compound bone in dorsal view. D, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right compound bone in dorsal view. E, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left compound bone in dorsal view. Abbreviations: ap, angular process; asf, anterior surangular foramen; psf, posterior surangular foramen; t, tubercle; tr, tympanic ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 51. Compound bones (continued). A, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left compound bone in dorsal view. B, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), left compound bone in dorsal view. C, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right compound bone in dorsal view. D, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right compound bone in dorsal view. E, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left compound bone in dorsal view. Abbreviations: ap, angular process; asf, anterior surangular foramen; psf, posterior surangular foramen; t, tubercle; tr, tympanic ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2085A70FF2DFB5122ABAE11.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829208/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829208	Figure 49. Angulars. A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), left angular in dorsal (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (HUJ.OST-Z-425), right angular in dorsal (C) and medial (B) views. E, Psammodromus algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), left angular in lateral view. F–H, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left angular in lateral (F), medial (G) and dorsal (H) views. I–J, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left angular in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right angular in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right angular in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. Abbreviations: ar, angular ridge; asd, articulation surface for the dentary; paf, posterior alveolar foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 49. Angulars. A–B, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-423), left angular in dorsal (A) and medial (B) views. C–D, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (HUJ.OST-Z-425), right angular in dorsal (C) and medial (B) views. E, Psammodromus algirus (UAM.R.Ps9), left angular in lateral view. F–H, Ti. lepidus (MDHC 216), left angular in lateral (F), medial (G) and dorsal (H) views. I–J, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), left angular in lateral (I) and medial (J) views. K–L, Anguis gr.An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right angular in lateral (K) and medial (L) views. M–N, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), right angular in lateral (M) and medial (N) views. Abbreviations: ar, angular ridge; asd, articulation surface for the dentary; paf, posterior alveolar foramen. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2085A70FF2DFB5122ABAE11.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829210/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829210	Figure 50. Compound bones.A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right surangular in medial (A) and lateral (B) views. C–D, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), fused left prearticular and articular in medial (C) and lateral (D) views. E–F, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right compound bone in medial (E) and lateral (F) views. G, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left compound bone in medial view. H–I, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), left compound bone in medial (H) and lateral (I) views. J, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), right compound bone in medial view. K–L, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left compound bone in medial (K) and lateral (L) views. M–N, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right compound bone in medial (M) and lateral (N) views. O–P, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right compound bone in medial (O) and lateral (P) views. Q–R, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left compound bone in medial (Q) and lateral (R) views. S–T, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right compound bone in medial (S) and lateral (T) views. U–V, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left compound bone in medial (U) and lateral (V) views. Abbreviations: ac, articular condyle with the quadrate; af, adductor fossa; ap, angular process; ar, articular; asa, articulation surface with the angular; asd, articulation surface with the dentary; asf, anterior surangular foramen; fct, foramen for the chorda tympani; lc, lateral crest; pra, prearticular; psf, posterior surangular foramen; rap, retroarticular process; sa, surangular; t, tubercle; tr, tympanic ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 50. Compound bones.A–B, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), right surangular in medial (A) and lateral (B) views. C–D, Laudakia stellio (HUJ.OST-Z-424), fused left prearticular and articular in medial (C) and lateral (D) views. E–F, Chamaeleo chamaeleon (NHMW 611), right compound bone in medial (E) and lateral (F) views. G, Ac. erythrurus (UAM.R.ACVII), left compound bone in medial view. H–I, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), left compound bone in medial (H) and lateral (I) views. J, Lacerta viridis (MRAC 91-077-R-76), right compound bone in medial view. K–L, Ab. kitaibelii (MDHC 239), left compound bone in medial (K) and lateral (L) views. M–N, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right compound bone in medial (M) and lateral (N) views. O–P, Ophiomorus punctatissimus (MDHC 427), right compound bone in medial (O) and lateral (P) views. Q–R, Tr. aurata (MDHC 280), left compound bone in medial (Q) and lateral (R) views. S–T, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right compound bone in medial (S) and lateral (T) views. U–V, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left compound bone in medial (U) and lateral (V) views. Abbreviations: ac, articular condyle with the quadrate; af, adductor fossa; ap, angular process; ar, articular; asa, articulation surface with the angular; asd, articulation surface with the dentary; asf, anterior surangular foramen; fct, foramen for the chorda tympani; lc, lateral crest; pra, prearticular; psf, posterior surangular foramen; rap, retroarticular process; sa, surangular; t, tubercle; tr, tympanic ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
9C298799D2085A70FF2DFB5122ABAE11.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/14829212/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14829212	Figure 51. Compound bones (continued). A, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left compound bone in dorsal view. B, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), left compound bone in dorsal view. C, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right compound bone in dorsal view. D, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right compound bone in dorsal view. E, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left compound bone in dorsal view. Abbreviations: ap, angular process; asf, anterior surangular foramen; psf, posterior surangular foramen; t, tubercle; tr, tympanic ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	Figure 51. Compound bones (continued). A, Laudakia stellio (MDHC 245), left compound bone in dorsal view. B, Lacerta agilis (MDHC 176), left compound bone in dorsal view. C, Chalcides ocellatus (MDHC 250), right compound bone in dorsal view. D, Anguis gr. An. fragilis (MDHC 102), right compound bone in dorsal view. E, Pseudopus apodus (MDHC 214), left compound bone in dorsal view. Abbreviations: ap, angular process; asf, anterior surangular foramen; psf, posterior surangular foramen; t, tubercle; tr, tympanic ridge. Scale bars = 1 mm.	2019-11-30	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo		Zenodo	biologists	Villa, Andrea;Delfino, Massimo			
