identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
6D3AC134CDA052A4B049AD1273541281.text	6D3AC134CDA052A4B049AD1273541281.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Caridina brevilineata Hou, Zhang & Guo 2025	<div><p>Caridina brevilineata Hou, Zhang &amp; Guo sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 2 I, 19, 20</p><p>Materials examined.</p><p>China – Hainan Island • Holotype: 1 ♂, cl 4.6 mm, (FU 5714025), a stream from <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.196945&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=19.111668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.196945/lat 19.111668)">Huishan Town</a>, Qionghai City, 19°6'42"N, 110°11'49"E, al. 61 m, stn. 12, coll. HUANG and HOU J. J., 1 May. 2025 .</p><p>Paratypes: 1 ♂, cl 4.2 mm, (FU 5714026); 1 ♂, cl 3.2 mm, (FU 5714027); 1 ♀, cl 4.6 mm, (FU 5714028), same collection data as holotype .</p><p>Description.</p><p>Body (Fig. 2 I): Small, slender and sub-cylindrical, males up to 4.6 mm cl, females up to 4.6 mm cl. Sixth abdominal somite 0.46–0.50 times as long as carapace.</p><p>Rostrum (Fig. 19 A): Straight, reaching to not beyond eye to end of second segment of antennular peduncle; 0.2–0.5 of cl; armed dorsally with 3–11 teeth, including 2–3 on carapace posterior to orbital margin, ventrally with 0–2 teeth; rostral formula 2–3 + 1 – 8 / 0 – 2; lateral carina dividing rostrum into two unequal parts, continuing posteriorly to orbital margin.</p><p>Eyes (Fig. 19 A): Well developed, on short ocular peduncle, cornea globular.</p><p>Carapace (Fig. 19 A): Smooth, glabrous; antennal spine acute, fused with inferior orbital angle; pterygostomian margin broadly rectangular, slightly produced forward; pterygostomian spine absent.</p><p>Antennule (Fig. 19 B): Stylocerite reaching 1.00–1.19 times as long as basal segment of antennular peduncle; basal segment shorter than combined length of second and third segments, 1.30–1.84 times as long as second segment, second segment 1.23–1.34 times as long as third segments; all segments with marginal plumose setae.</p><p>Antenna (Fig. 19 C): Scaphocerite 2.5–3.0 times as long as wide, outer margin straight, asetose, ending in a strong sub-apical spine, inner and anterior margins with long plumose setae.</p><p>First maxilliped (Fig. 19 G): Palp of first maxilliped broadly triangular, ending with no finger-like projection.</p><p>Third maxilliped (Fig. 20 B): Basal segment 1.25 times as long as penultimate segment; penultimate segment as long as distal segment, ending in a large claw-like spine surrounded by simple setae, preceded by 6 thin spines on distal third of posterior margin, proximally a clump of long and short simple, serrate setae; exopod reaching beyond the beginning of second segment, distal margin with long plumose setae.</p><p>First pereiopod (Fig. 20 C): Chela 1.84–2.50 times as long as high, 1.23–1.41 times as long as carpus; movable finger 2.70–3.45 times as long as wide and 0.85–1.01 times as long as palm, setal brushes well developed; carpus 1.60–2.02 times as long as wide, slightly excavated distally; merus 1.00–1.33 times as long as carpus.</p><p>Second pereiopod (Fig. 20 D): Chela 2.61–3.27 times as long as high, 0.70–0.86 times as long as carpus; movable finger 3.82–4.08 times as long as wide and 1.31–1.76 times as long as palm, setal brushes well-developed; carpus 4.97–6.15 times as long as wide, slightly excavated distally; merus 0.81–1.01 times as long as carpus.</p><p>Third pereiopod (Fig. 20 E): Dactylus 3.58–3.93 times as long as wide, terminating in a prominent claw-like spine surrounded by simple setae, followed by 4–6 spiniform setae; propodus 3.43–4.04 times as long as dactylus, 10.48–11.67 times as long as wide; carpus 0.68–0.96 times as long as propodus; merus 1.73–1.88 times as long as carpus, with 2–3 spiniform setae on the posterior margin.</p><p>Fourth pereiopod: Proportion and spination similar to third pereiopod.</p><p>Fifth pereiopod (Fig. 20 F): Dactylus 3.44–4.01 times as long as wide, ending in prominent claw-like spine surrounded by simple setae, followed by a row of 29–52 spiniform setae; propodus 3.32–4.42 times as long as dactylus, 10.75–13.13 times as long as wide; carpus 0.33–0.61 times as long as propodus; merus 1.44–1.61 times as long as carpus, with 2–3 spiniform setae on posterior margin.</p><p>First pleopod (Fig. 20 G): Endopod reaching 0.44–0.57 times as long as exopod, reniform leaf-shaped, terminal width subequal to basal width, 2.70 times as long as distally wide, inner margin relatively straight, outer margin slightly convex, long pappose setae on outer and distal margins, medium-length setae on inner margin; appendix interna well developed, arising from distal 0.2 of endopod, reaching slightly beyond the end of endopod, distally with cincinuli.</p><p>Second pleopod (Fig. 20 H): Appendix masculina rod-shaped, reaching 0.63–0.72 length of exopod; some sparse long spines basal margin with 4 short spiniform setae, and inner margin and tip with robust spiniform setae; appendix interna well-developed, reaching 0.50–0.56 length of appendix masculina, distally with cincinuli.</p><p>Telson (Fig. 20 I): With 6 pairs of short spiniform setae dorsally and one pair of short spiniform setae dorsolaterally; posterior margin triangular, with 3–4 pairs of intermedial spiniform setae, lateral spiniform setae slightly longer, intermediate spiniform setae subequal. Exopodite of the uropod (Fig. 20 J) bears a series of 18–22 movable spinules along diaresis.</p><p>Remark.</p><p>Caridina brevilineata sp. nov. is similar to C. clinata Cai et al., 1999, but differs by: the shape of endopod of first pleopod (reniform leaf-shaped vs. oblong-reniform in C. clinata); fewer rostral teeth (3–11 dorsal, 0–2 ventral vs. 12–21 dorsal, 1–5 ventral in C. clinata); palp of first maxilliped (ending with no finger-like projection vs. ending with a finger-like projection in C. clinata).</p><p>Caridina brevilineata sp. nov. is similar to C. tunchengensis sp. nov., but differs by: slender endopod of first pleopod (2.70 times as long as wide vs. 2.46–2.58 times as long as wide in C. tunchengensis sp. nov.); the longer appendix masculina and appendix interna of male second pleopod (appendix masculina reaching 0.63–0.72 length of endopod, appendix interna reaching 0.50–0.56 length of appendix masculina vs. appendix masculina reaching 0.63–0.64 length of endopod, appendix interna reaching 0.50–0.56 length of appendix masculina in C. tunchengensis sp. nov.).</p><p>Caridina brevilineata sp. nov. is similar to C. qiongzhongensis sp. nov., but differs by: the spines on the appendix masculina of male second pleopod (sparser, thicker, and longer vs. shorter, denser, thinner in C. qiongzhongensis sp. nov.) the slender carpus of first pereiopod (1.60–2.02 times as long as wide vs. 1.18–1.66 times as long as wide in C. qiongzhongensis sp. nov.); the slender carpus of second pereiopod (4.97–6.15 times as long as wide vs. 4.13–4.90 times as long as wide in C. qiongzhongensis sp. nov.); the slender propodus of fifth pereiopod (10.75–13.13 times as long as of wide vs. 9.38–12.47 times as long as wide in C. qiongzhongensis sp. nov.).</p><p>Molecular results.</p><p>According to the COI sequence, the intraspecific p-distances of COI of the new species were 0 %. The new species is most similar in genetic divergence (p-distance) to C. huangi sp. nov. (6.0 %) and C. hepingensis sp. nov. (6.6 %). According to molecular analysis, the distance between the new species and C. clinata is 12.0 % – 12.8 %, the distance between the new species and C. qiongzhongensis sp. nov. is 7.3 % – 7.5 %. According to the 16 SrDNA sequence, the intraspecific p-distances of 16 SrDNA of the new species were 0 % – 0.2 %. The new species is most similar in genetic divergence (p-distance) to C. qiongzhongensis sp. nov. (2.5 % – 2.9 %) and C. hepingensis sp. nov. (2.7 % – 2.9 %). According to molecular analysis, the distance between the new species and C. clinata is 5.0 % – 5.8 %, the distance between the new species and C. huangi sp. nov. is 3.2 % – 3.4 % (Fig. 21, Suppl. materials 1, 2).</p><p>Coloration.</p><p>Eyes reddish-brown; body translucent; the body surface is densely covered with small, fine spots. The plastron near the ventral margin has 5 distinct short stripes; the middle part of the plastron has a row of round spots; near the dorsal margin of the plastron, there is 1 thick, long vertical stripe at the end of the third segment, extending to 2 / 3 of the plastron (Fig. 2 I).</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The name is derived from its pattern, and brevilineata means having short stripes.</p><p>Ecological notes.</p><p>C. brevilineata sp. nov. was collected from site 12. At site 12, the stream measured 2.0–3.0 m in width and 0.5–1.0 m in depth, and its substrate consisted of big rocks, gravel, leaf litter, and aquatic plants. The shrimps lived among leaf litter and marginal vegetation, exhibiting low population density. The stream water was intermediately flowing (Fig. 2 I, Table 1).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Only occurring in the type locality, Qionghai City, Hainan Island.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6D3AC134CDA052A4B049AD1273541281	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Hou, Junjie;Zhang, Jiping;Chen, Bing;Zhang, Yixuan;Chen, Wenjian;Guo, Zhaoliang	Hou, Junjie, Zhang, Jiping, Chen, Bing, Zhang, Yixuan, Chen, Wenjian, Guo, Zhaoliang (2025): Integrative taxonomy reveals the Caridina clinata Cai, Nguyen & Ng, 1999 species complex (Crustacea, Decapoda, Atyidae), with descriptions of eight new species from Hainan Island, China. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (4): 2295-2336, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.172207
DCE005D842CD522488F6083314BEB6E2.text	DCE005D842CD522488F6083314BEB6E2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Caridina caii Hou, Zhang & Guo 2025	<div><p>Caridina caii Hou, Zhang &amp; Guo sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 2 B, 5, 6</p><p>Caridina clinata Cai, 2014: 207–231, Figs 10, 11.</p><p>Materials examined.</p><p>China – Hainan Island • Holotype: 1 ♂, cl 4.3 mm, (FU 5722001), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=109.62583&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.904167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 109.62583/lat 18.904167)">Wuzhishan City</a>, 18°54'15"N, 109°37'33"E, al. 643 m, stn. 4, coll. WANG C. Y. and HOU J. J., 28 Jan. 2024 .</p><p>Paratypes: 1 ♂, cl 4.1 mm, (FU 5722002); 1 ♂, cl 4.2 mm, (FU 5722003); 1 ♂, cl 4.0 mm, (FU 5722005); 1 ♀, cl 4.7 mm, (FU 5722004); 1 ♀, cl 3.8 mm, (FU 5722006); 2 ♀♀, cl 4.2–4.6 mm, (FU 5722007); 1 ovigerous ♀, cl 4.9 mm, (FU 5722008), same collection data as holotype .</p><p>Comparative material.</p><p>Caridina lanceifrons Yu, 1936 . China – Hainan Island • 3 ♂♂, cl 3.8–4.9 mm, (FU 5727023); 3 ♀♀, cl 5.2–6.1 mm, (FU 5727024), Qiongzhong County, 19°1'26"N, 109°50'27"E, al. 312 m, stn. 6, coll. WANG C Y and HOU J J, 23 Jan 2024. Caridina minnanica Liang, 2002 . <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=109.840836&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=19.02389" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 109.840836/lat 19.02389)">China</a> – Guangdong Prov. • 1 ♂, cl 3.1 mm, (FU 5290001), Jiangmen City, coll. Wen, 28 Feb 2025. 2 ♀♀, cl 5.6–6.1 mm, (FU 5166001), Shanwei City, coll. ZHU, 8 Jul. 2025.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Body (Fig. 2 B): Males up to 4.3 mm cl, females up to 4.9 mm cl. Sixth abdominal somite 0.49–0.55 times as long as carapace.</p><p>Rostrum (Fig. 5 A): Short, reaching to the end of the second segment of antennular peduncle, sloping ventral anteriorly; 0.4–0.5 of cl; armed dorsally with 11–16 teeth, including 3–5 on carapace posterior to orbital margin, ventrally with 1–3 teeth; rostral formula 3–5 + 8 – 11 / 1 – 3; lateral carina dividing rostrum into two unequal parts, continuing posteriorly to orbital margin.</p><p>Eyes (Fig. 5 A): Well-developed, on short ocular peduncle, cornea globular.</p><p>Carapace (Fig. 5 A): Smooth, glabrous; antennal spine acute, fused with inferior orbital angle; pterygostomian margin broadly rectangular, slightly produced forward; pterygostomian spine absent.</p><p>Antennule (Fig. 5 B): Stylocerite reaching 0.75–0.89 times as long as basal segment of antennular peduncle; basal segment shorter or as long as combined length of second and third segments, 1.61–1.92 times as long as second segment; second segment 1.16–1.31 times as long as third segments; all segments with marginal plumose setae.</p><p>Antenna (Fig. 5 C): Scaphocerite 3.3 times as long as wide, outer margin straight, asetose, ending in a strong sub-apical spine, inner and anterior margins with long plumose setae.</p><p>First maxilliped (Fig. 5 G): Palp of first maxilliped broadly triangular, ending in finger-like projection.</p><p>Third maxilliped (Fig. 6 B): Basal segment as long as penultimate segment; penultimate segment 1.01–1.11 times as long as distal segment, ending in a large claw-like spine surrounded by simple setae, preceded by 4–5 thin spines on distal third of posterior margin, proximally a clump of long and short simple, serrate setae; exopod reaching beyond the middle of second segment, distal margin with long plumose setae.</p><p>First pereiopod (Fig. 6 C): Chela 2.01–2.29 times as long as high, 1.32–1.69 times length of carpus; movable finger 3.00–3.63 times as long as wide and 0.96–1.33 times as long as palm, setal brushes well-developed; carpus 1.37–1.73 times as long as wide, slightly excavated distally; merus 0.91–1.29 times as long as carpus.</p><p>Second pereiopod (Fig. 6 D): Chela 2.68–2.95 times as long as high, 0.86–0.88 times as long as carpus; movable finger 3.62–4.10 times as long as wide and 1.47–1.93 times as long as palm, setal brushes well-developed; carpus 4.30–4.44 times as long as wide, slightly excavated distally; merus 0.91–1.01 times as long as carpus.</p><p>Third pereiopod (Fig. 6 E): Dactylus 3.21–4.28 times as long as wide, terminating in a prominent claw-like spine surrounded by simple setae, followed by 5 spiniform setae; propodus 3.60–4.28 times as long as dactylus, 9.06–11.12 times as long as wide; carpus 0.65–0.69 times as long as propodus; merus 1.87–2.07 times as long as carpus, with 4 spiniform setae on the posterior margin. Ischium sometimes with 1 small movable spiniform setae on the posterior margin.</p><p>Fourth pereiopod: Proportion and spination similar to third pereiopod.</p><p>Fifth pereiopod (Fig. 6 F): Dactylus 3.10–4.28 times as long as wide, ending in prominent claw-like spine surrounded by simple setae, followed by a row of 25–29 spiniform setae; propodus 3.82–4.94 times as long as dactylus, 11.22–13.56 times as long as wide; carpus 0.53–0.55 times as long as propodus; merus 1.53–1.57 times as long as carpus, with 3–4 spiniform setae on the posterior margin.</p><p>First four pereiopods with epipod.</p><p>First pleopod (Fig. 6 G, H): Endopod of male first pleopod subtriangular, 0.34–0.38 times as long as exopod, 2.27–2.44 times as long as wide; appendix interna well developed, arising from distal 0.33 of endopod, reaching slightly beyond the end of endopod, distally with cincinuli.</p><p>Second pleopod (Fig. 6 I): Appendix masculina club-shaped, reaching 0.57–0.64 length of exopod, inner margin and tip bearing nearly equal long and stout spiniform setae; appendix interna well developed, reaching 0.25 length of appendix masculina, distally with cincinuli.</p><p>Telson (Fig. 6 J): Tapering posterior, with a projection, with 5 pairs of short spiniform setae dorsally and one pair of short spiniform setae dorsolaterally; posterior margin with 4 pairs of intermedial spiniform setae. Exopodite of the uropod (Fig. 6 K) bears a series of 16–18 movable spinules along diaresis.</p><p>Eggs: 0.57–0.62 mm × 0.98–1.02 mm in diameter.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Based on morphological and molecular analyses of specimens from Wuzhishan (the same locality studied by Cai) compared with topotype specimens of Caridina clinata from Vietnam, our findings reveal distinct differences between the Wuzhishan population and C. clinata, demonstrating that its initial identification as C. clinata by Cai (2014) was incorrect. The Wuzhishan population represents a new species, formally described as Caridina caii sp. nov. It can be distinguished from C. clinata by the following key features: the different shape and proportion of the endopod of the male first pleopod (subtriangular with pointed tip, 0.34–0.38 times as long as exopod, 2.27–2.44 times as long as wide vs. oblong-reniform with rounded tip, 0.46–0.67 times as long as exopod, 2.40–3.04 times as long as wide in C. clinata); the broader carpus of second pereiopod (carpus 4.30–4.44 times as long as wide vs. carpus 4.70–6.30 times in C. clinata); fewer spiniform setae on the flexor margin of the dactylus of the fifth pereiopod (25–29 spiniform setae vs. 41–51 spiniform setae in C. clinata); and smaller eggs (0.57–0.62 × 0.98–1.02 mm vs. 0.60–0.75 × 1.10–1.15 mm in C. clinata).</p><p>At first glance, Caridina caii sp. nov. closely resembles C. minnanica Liang, 2002 . However, it can be differentiated from the latter by the shorter rostrum (reaching only to the end of the second segment of the antennular peduncle vs. to the end of the antennular peduncle in C. minnanica) and with fewer ventral teeth (1–3 teeth vs. 4–8 teeth in C. minnanica); the palp of the first maxilliped with a long finger-like projection (vs. absent in C. minnanica); and the shorter carpus of the second pereiopod (4.30–4.44 times as long as wide vs. 5.60–6.20 times in C. minnanica).</p><p>Cai (2014) noted that the Wuzhishan population morphologically resembles Caridina lanceifrons and provided an in-depth comparison between these two taxa. Our study supports Cai’s conclusion that C. caii sp. nov. is morphologically distinct from C. lanceifrons . Our phylogeny suggests that C. caii sp. nov. clusters with C. lanceifrons but is not closely related to C. clinata .</p><p>Molecular results.</p><p>The intraspecific p-distances of COI of the new species were 0.6 % – 2.5 %. The new species is most similar in genetic divergence (p-distance) to C. lanceifrons (4.0 % – 6.7 %) and C. minnanica (7.5 % – 9.6 %). According to molecular analysis, the distance between the new species and C. clinata is 25.4 % – 29.3 %. The intraspecific p-distances of 16 SrRNA of the new species were 0 % – 0.9 %. The new species is most similar in genetic divergence (p-distance) to C. lanceifrons (2.0 % – 3.1 %) and C. minnanica (2.5 % – 3.6 %). According to molecular analysis, the distance between the new species and C. clinata is 10.8 % – 12.1 % (Fig. 21, Suppl. materials 1, 2).</p><p>Coloration.</p><p>When alive, the body of shrimp dense with many gray small pigment dots (Fig. 2 B).</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>Caridina caii is dedicated to Cai Y. X., who not only discovered the species but also made outstanding contributions to carcinology.</p><p>Ecological notes.</p><p>C. caii sp. nov. was collected from site 4. At site 4, the stream measured 1.0–2.0 m in width and 0.5–1.0 m in depth, and its substrate consisted of gravel, sand, and leaf litter. The shrimps lived densely among leaf litter, exhibiting high population density. The stream water was Intermediately flowing (Fig. 2 B, Table 1).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Only occurring in Wuzhishan City, Hainan Island.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/DCE005D842CD522488F6083314BEB6E2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Hou, Junjie;Zhang, Jiping;Chen, Bing;Zhang, Yixuan;Chen, Wenjian;Guo, Zhaoliang	Hou, Junjie, Zhang, Jiping, Chen, Bing, Zhang, Yixuan, Chen, Wenjian, Guo, Zhaoliang (2025): Integrative taxonomy reveals the Caridina clinata Cai, Nguyen & Ng, 1999 species complex (Crustacea, Decapoda, Atyidae), with descriptions of eight new species from Hainan Island, China. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (4): 2295-2336, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.172207
D80D72DF8A905F4B8DB6017279F8D0FF.text	D80D72DF8A905F4B8DB6017279F8D0FF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Caridina clinata Cai, Nguyen & Ng 1999	<div><p>Caridina clinata Cai, Nguyen &amp; Ng, 1999</p><p>Figs 2 A, 3, 4</p><p>Caridina clinata Cai, Nguyen &amp; Ng, 1999: 531–535, Figs 1, 2 [type locality: Cuc Phuong National Park, Ninh Binh Province, northern Vietnam].</p><p>Non Caridina clinata Cai, 2014: 207–231, Figs 10, 11.</p><p>Materials examined.</p><p>China – Hainan Island • 1 ♂, cl 3.3 mm, (FU 5725001); 1 ♂, cl 4.1 mm, (FU 5725002); 1 ♂, cl 3.4 mm, (FU 5725003); 1 ♂, cl 3.7 mm, (FU 5725004); 2 ♂, cl 3.5–4.1 mm, (FU 5725005); 1 ♀, cl 5.1 mm, (FU 5725006); 1 ♀, cl 4.9 mm, (FU 5725007); 1 ovigerous ♀, cl 5.3 mm, (FU 5725008), Baoyou Town, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=109.13278&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.830002" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 109.13278/lat 18.830002)">Ledong City</a>, 18°49'48"N, 109°7'58"E, al. 306 m, stn. 1, coll. YU W. D., MA X. C. and HOU J. J., 27 Mar 2024 ; 1 ♀, cl 3.8 mm, (FU 5725009); 2 ♂♂, cl 3.9–4.1 mm, (FU 5725010), Jianfeng Town, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=109.04083&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.747223" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 109.04083/lat 18.747223)">Ledong City</a>, 18°44'50"N, 109°2'27"E, al. 331 m, stn. 2, coll. YU W. D. and HOU J. J., 28 Feb. 2025 ; 2 ♂♂, cl 4.0– 4.2 mm, (FU 5725011), Jianfeng Town, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=109.036385&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.751667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 109.036385/lat 18.751667)">Ledong City</a>, 18°45'6"N, 109°2'11"E, al. 400 m, stn. 3, coll. YU W. D. and HOU J. J., 28 Feb. 2025 . Vietnam – Ninh Bình Prov. • 1 ♂, cl 3.5 mm, (FU 70000001); 1 ♂, cl 3.6 mm, (FU 70000002); 1 ♂, cl 3.9 mm, (FU 70000003); 1 ♂, cl 4.4 mm, (FU 70000004); 3 ♀♀, cl 3.9–4.9 mm, (FU 70000005), Cuc Phuong National Park, 20°19'11"N, 105°37'42"E, al. 293 m, stn. 13, 5 Mar. 2025 .</p><p>Description.</p><p>Body (Fig. 2 A): Small, slender and sub-cylindrical, males up to 4.4 mm cl, females up to 5.3 mm cl. Sixth abdominal somite 0.40–0.53 times as long as carapace.</p><p>Rostrum (Fig. 3 A): Short, slightly sloping downwards, reaching to the beginning to the end of the second segment of antennular peduncle; 0.4–0.5 of cl; armed dorsally with 12–16 teeth, including 4–6 on carapace posterior to orbital margin, ventrally with 1–5 teeth; lateral carina dividing rostrum into two unequal parts, continuing posteriorly to orbital margin.</p><p>Eyes (Fig. 3 A): Well developed, on short ocular peduncle, cornea globular.</p><p>Carapace (Fig. 3 A): Smooth, glabrous; antennal spine acute, fused with inferior orbital angle; pterygostomian margin broadly rectangular, slightly produced forward; pterygostomian spine absent.</p><p>Antennule (Fig. 3 B): Stylocerite reaching 0.67–0.93 times as long as basal segment of antennular peduncle; basal segment shorter than combined length of second and third segments, 1.54–1.70 times as long as second segment; second segment 1.12–1.49 times as long as third segments; all segments with marginal plumose setae.</p><p>Antenna (Fig. 3 C): Scaphocerite 3.1–3.2 times as long as wide, outer margin straight, asetose, ending in a strong sub-apical spine, inner and anterior margins with long plumose setae.</p><p>First maxilliped (Fig. 3 G): Palp of first maxilliped broadly triangular, ending in finger-like projection.</p><p>Third maxilliped (Fig. 4 B): Basal segment 0.89–1.09 times as long as penultimate segment; penultimate segment as long as distal segment, ending in a large claw-like spine surrounded by simple setae, preceded by 6–9 thin spines on distal third of posterior margin, proximally a clump of long and short simple, serrate setae; exopod reaching beyond the middle of second segament, distal margin with long plumose setae.</p><p>First pereiopod (Fig. 4 C): Chela 2.11–2.38 times as long as high, 1.26–1.42 times as long as carpus; movable finger 3.14–3.92 times as long as wide and 1.02–1.30 times as long as palm, setal brushes well developed; carpus 1.71–2.03 times as long as wide, slightly excavated distally; merus 0.99–1.21 times as long as carpus.</p><p>Second pereiopod (Fig. 4 D): Chela 2.83–3.29 times as long as high, 0.66–0.79 times as long as carpus; movable finger 3.97–4.81 times as long as wide and 1.46–1.58 times as long as palm, setal brushes well developed; carpus 5.42–6.30 times as long as wide, slightly excavated distally; merus 0.81–0.93 times as long as carpus.</p><p>Third pereiopod (Fig. 4 E): Dactylus 3.00–4.20 times as long as wide, terminating in a prominent claw-like spine surrounded by simple setae, followed by 5–6 spiniform setae; propodus 2.78–4.62 times as long as dactylus, 9.11–10.05 times as long as wide; carpus 0.64–0.70 times as long as propodus; merus 1.41–2.05 times as long as carpus, with 3 spiniform setae on the posterior margin. Ischium sometimes with 1 small movable spiniform setae on the posterior margin.</p><p>Fourth pereiopod: Proportion and spination similar to third pereiopod.</p><p>Fifth pereiopod (Fig. 4 F): Dactylus 4.53–5.71 times as long as wide, ending in prominent claw-like spine surrounded by simple setae, followed by a row of 41–51 spiniform setae; propodus 2.94–3.43 times as long as dactylus, 11.53–13.43 times as long as wide; carpus 0.49–0.69 times as long as propodus; merus 1.49–1.73 times as long as carpus, with 2–3 spiniform setae on the posterior margin.</p><p>First four pereiopods with epipod.</p><p>First pleopod (Fig. 4 G): Endopod in male 0.46–0.67 times as long as exopod, oblong-reniform, 2.40–3.04 times as long as distally wide, tip rounded; appendix interna well developed, arising from distal 0.33 of endopod, reaching slightly beyond the end of endopod, distally with cincinuli.</p><p>Second pleopod (Fig. 4 H): Appendix masculina club-shaped, reaching 0.60–0.70 length of exopod, some short spiniform setae on basal part, and inner margin and tip bearing nearly equal long and stout spiniform setae; appendix interna well developed, reaching 0.52–0.63 length of appendix masculina, distally with cincinuli.</p><p>Telson (Fig. 4 I): With 4–5 pairs of short spiniform setae dorsally and one pair of short spiniform setae dorsolaterally; posterior margin with 4 pairs of intermedial spiniform setae. Exopodite of the uropod (Fig. 4 J) bears a series of 18–21 movable spinules along diaresis.</p><p>Eggs: 0.65–0.70 mm × 1.07–1.20 mm in diameter.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Based on morphological descriptions and measurements above, our specimens from Ledong closely match the original description of Caridina clinata Cai et al., 1999 . However, some differences between the present material and the type specimens are evident, such as: the more slender carpus of the first pereiopod (1.71–2.03 times as long as high vs. 1.2–1.5 in type specimens); the more slender chela (2.83–3.29 times as long as high vs. 2.5 in type specimens) and carpus (5.42–6.30 times as long as high vs. 4.7 in type specimens) of the second pereiopod; more spinules on uropodal diaresis (18–21 vs. 14–17 in type specimens). Furthermore, our specimens exhibit a posteromedian telson projection (Fig. 4 I), contrasting with the description and illustration by Cai et al., who reported its absence (Cai et al. 1999: Fig. 2 A). However, this projection is consistently present in all examined topotypic specimens. Additionally, the scaphocerite length-to-width ratio in our material ranges from 3.10–3.20, aligning with topotypic specimens but differing from the type specimens (3.4). But the C. clinata specimens from Hainan Island and those from Vietnam are highly similar in the shape of the male first pleopod endopod and the male appendix masculina of the second pleopod, and show no significant genetic differentiation; thus, we still classify the Ledong population as Caridina clinata .</p><p>Molecular results.</p><p>Based on COI and 16 S rRNA sequence data (Fig. 21), the genetic divergence between Ledong and Vietnam populations is minimal, ranging from 0.6 % – 1.2 % for COI and 0.7 % – 1.6 % for 16 S rRNA. C. clinata from Hainan Island and from Vietnam are closely related in the ML phylogenetic tree based on COI and 16 S, and cluster well into a single clade (ML bootstrap values&gt; 70). These low divergence values support the identification of the Ledong populations as C. clinata (Fig. 21, Suppl. materials 1, 2).</p><p>Coloration.</p><p>Body yellowish to gray and dark gray. There is one transverse black stripe which is irregularly broken at the lateral posterior margin of the carapace, some irregular black spots are present on the ventro-lateral parts of the carapace. The ventro-lateral portion of the abdominal tergal pleura is mottled with black spots adjacent to the articular knobs at the posterior bases of the pleura, black transverse stripes are present at the posteroventral ends of the first four pleura, the dorsum of the third abdominal somite has a black transverse stripe. The antenna, antennule and telson are yellowish to orange, the pereiopods are translucent to yellowish (Fig. 2 A).</p><p>Ecological notes.</p><p>C. clinata was collected from site 1–3. At site 1, the stream measured 0.5–1.0 m in width and 0.5 m in depth, and its substrate consisted of rock, mud and aquatic plants. At site 2, the stream measured 0.2–0.3 m in width and 0.1 m in depth, and its substrate consisted of rock, gravel and mud. At site 3, the stream measured 0.3 m in width and 0.1 m in depth, and its substrate consisted of rock, mud and leaf litter. The shrimps live densely among leaf litter and marginal vegetation. The stream water was intermediately flowing (Fig. 2 A, Table 1).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Hainan Island, China and Vietnam.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D80D72DF8A905F4B8DB6017279F8D0FF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Hou, Junjie;Zhang, Jiping;Chen, Bing;Zhang, Yixuan;Chen, Wenjian;Guo, Zhaoliang	Hou, Junjie, Zhang, Jiping, Chen, Bing, Zhang, Yixuan, Chen, Wenjian, Guo, Zhaoliang (2025): Integrative taxonomy reveals the Caridina clinata Cai, Nguyen & Ng, 1999 species complex (Crustacea, Decapoda, Atyidae), with descriptions of eight new species from Hainan Island, China. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (4): 2295-2336, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.172207
75A7515A0C615997B9AA16DE8AD43330.text	75A7515A0C615997B9AA16DE8AD43330.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Caridina fontinalis Hou, Zhang & Guo 2025	<div><p>Caridina fontinalis Hou, Zhang &amp; Guo sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 2 G, 15, 16</p><p>Materials examined.</p><p>China – Hainan Island • Holotype: 1 ♂, cl 2.4 mm, (FU 5700001), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.4125&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=19.917778" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.4125/lat 19.917778)">Haikou City</a>, 19°55'4"N, 110°24'45"E, al. 16 m, stn. 10, coll. WANG G. Y. and HOU J. J., 17 Jan. 2025 .</p><p>Paratypes: 1 ♂, cl 2.7 mm, (FU 5700002), 1 ♂, cl 2.7 mm, (FU 5700003); 1 ovigerous ♀, cl 2.4 mm, (FU 5700004), 1 ♀, cl 3.4 mm, (FU 5700005), same collection data as holotype .</p><p>Description.</p><p>Body (Fig. 2 G): Small, slender and sub-cylindrical, males up to 2.7 mm cl, females up to 3.4 mm cl. Sixth abdominal somite 0.44–0.48 times as long as carapace.</p><p>Rostrum (Fig. 15 A): Straight, reaching to the end of the first segment to the end of the second segment of the antennular peduncle; 0.3–0.4 of cl; armed dorsally with 9–11 teeth, including 3–5 on carapace posterior to orbital margin, ventrally with 1 tooth; rostral formula 3–5 + 6 / 1; lateral carina dividing rostrum into two unequal parts, continuing posteriorly to orbital margin.</p><p>Eyes (Fig. 15 A): Well-developed, on short ocular peduncle, cornea globular.</p><p>Carapace (Fig. 15 A): Smooth, glabrous; antennal spine acute, fused with inferior orbital angle; pterygostomian margin broadly rectangular, slightly produced forward; pterygostomian spine absent.</p><p>Antennule (Fig. 15 B): Peduncle reaching slightly short of scaphocerite; stylocerite reaching 0.76–0.96 times as long as basal segment of antennular peduncle; basal segment shorter than combined length of second and third segments, 1.70–1.77 times as long as second segment; second segment 1.35–1.66 times as long as third segments; all segments with marginal plumose setae.</p><p>Antenna (Fig. 15 C): Scaphocerite 3.1 times as long as wide, outer margin straight, asetose, ending in a strong sub-apical spine, inner and anterior margins with long plumose setae.</p><p>First maxilliped (Fig. 15 G): Palp of first maxilliped broadly triangular, ending in finger-like projection.</p><p>Third maxilliped (Fig. 16 B): Basal segment 0.95–1.06 times as long as penultimate segment; penultimate segment 0.85–0.94 times as long as distal segment, ending in a large claw-like spine surrounded by simple setae, preceded by 5–6 thin spines on distal third of posterior margin, proximally a clump of long and short simple, serrate setae; exopod reaching beyond middle of second segment, distal margin with long plumose setae.</p><p>First pereiopod (Fig. 16 C): Chela 1.88–2.27 times as long as high, 1.26–1.44 times as long as carpus; movable finger 2.37–3.33 times as long as wide and 0.86–0.93 times as long as palm, setal brushes well-developed; carpus 1.36–2.11 times as long as wide, slightly excavated distally; merus 0.95–1.13 times as long as carpus.</p><p>Second pereiopod (Fig. 16 D): Chela 2.31–2.49 times as long as high, 0.78–0.84 times as long as carpus; movable finger 3.59–4.50 times as long as wide and 1.28–1.80 times as long as palm, setal brushes well developed; carpus 4.64–6.23 times as long as wide; slightly excavated distally, merus 0.81–0.92 times as long as carpus.</p><p>Third pereiopod (Fig. 16 E): Dactylus 3.59–4.49 times as long as wide, terminating in a prominent claw-like spine surrounded by simple setae, followed by 4–6 spiniform setae; propodus 3.41–3.87 times as long as dactylus, 10.74–11.80 times as long as wide; carpus 0.67–0.68 times as long as propodus; merus 1.80–1.85 times as long as carpus, with 3–4 spiniform setae on posterior margin. Ischium sometimes with 1 spine on the posterior margin.</p><p>Fourth pereiopod: Proportion and spination similar to third pereiopod.</p><p>Fifth pereiopod (Fig. 16 F): Dactylus 4.37–5.39 times as long as wide, ending in prominent claw-like spine surrounded by simple setae, followed by a row of 22–32 spiniform setae; propodus 3.06–3.43 times as long as dactylus, 11.62–14.91 times as long as wide; carpus 0.56–0.57 times as long as propodus; merus 1.49–1.57 times as long as carpus, with 3–5 spiniform setae on posterior margin. Ischium sometimes with 1 spine on the posterior margin.</p><p>First four pereiopods with epipod.</p><p>First pleopod (Fig. 16 G, H): Endopod in male oblong-reniform, 0.49–0.61 times as long as exopod, 2.76–3.29 times as long as distally wide, distal end is distinctly narrower than the basal part, with a concave inner margin and a convex outer margin, long pappose setae on outer and distal margins, medium-length setae on inner margin; appendix interna well developed, arising from distal 0.25 of endopod, reaching slightly beyond end of endopod, distally with cincinuli.</p><p>Second pleopod (Fig. 16 I): Appendix masculina rod-shaped, reaching 0.63–0.71 length of exopod, bearing sparse long spiniform setae; appendix interna well developed, reaching 0.72–0.78 length of appendix masculina, distally with cincinuli.</p><p>Telson (Fig. 16 J): Tapering posterior, with a projection, with 3 pairs of short spiniform setae dorsally and one pair of short spiniform setae dorsolaterally; posterior margin with 3–4 pairs of intermedial spiniform setae. Exopodite of the uropod (Fig. 16 K) bears a series of 12–16 movable spinules along diaresis.</p><p>Eggs: 0.56–0.67 mm × 0.83–0.97 mm in diameter.</p><p>Remark.</p><p>Caridina fontinalis sp. nov. is a small species occurring in cool waters and stable flow conditions. Caridina fontinalis sp. nov. and C. lanceifrons co-occur at the same sampling site and share sexual appendage morphology and egg size. Caridina fontinalis sp. nov. is easily separated from C. lanceifrons by its shorter rostrum (reaching from the end of the first segment to the middle of the second segment of the antennular peduncle vs. extending to the end of the antennular peduncle in C. lanceifrons); fewer rostral teeth (dorsally with 9–11 teeth and ventrally with 1 tooth vs. dorsally 14–23 and ventrally 2–5 in C. lanceifrons); broader scaphocerite (3.1 times as long as wide vs. 3.9 times in C. lanceifrons); and slender carpus of the second pereiopod (4.64–6.23 times as long as wide vs. 3.6–4.5 times in C. lanceifrons).</p><p>Caridina fontinalis sp. nov. is similar to C. clinata Cai et al., 1999, but differs by: more slender endopod of first pleopod (length of endopod 2.76–3.29 times width vs. 2.40–3.04 times in C. clinata); the spines of the appendix masculina of the second pleopod (the spines on the middle to apical regions of the appendix masculina of the second pleopod are relatively thinner vs. the spines on the middle to apical regions of the appendix masculina of the second pleopod are relatively thicker, longer, and more densely arranged in C. clinata); fewer dorsal teeth (9–11 vs. 12–21 in C. clinata); fewer comb-like spines on fifth pereiopod dactylus (22–32 vs. 41–51 in C. clinata); the ventral surface of the merus on the third pereopod bears more spiniform setae (3–5 spiniform setae vs. 3 spiniform setae in C. clinata).</p><p>Caridina fontinalis sp. nov. is similar to C. wenchangensis sp. nov., but differs by the shape of endopod of first pleopod (the distal end is distinctly narrower than the basal part, with a concave inner margin and a convex outer margin vs. the distal end is as long as the basal part, with a relatively straight inner margin in C. wenchangensis sp. nov.); the spiniform setae of the appendix masculina of the second pleopod (the spiniform setae on the middle to apical regions of the appendix masculina of the second pleopod are relatively thinner vs. the spiniform setae on the middle to apical regions of the appendix masculina of the second pleopod are relatively thicker, longer, and more densely arranged in C. wenchangensis sp. nov.); fewer dorsal teeth (armed dorsally with 9–11 teeth, ventrally with 1 tooth vs. armed dorsally with 12–15 teeth, ventrally with 2–4 teeth in C. wenchangensis sp. nov.); the ventral surface of the merus on the third pereopod bears more spiniform setae (3–5 spiniform setae vs. 3–4 spiniform setae in C. wenchangensis sp. nov.).</p><p>Molecular results.</p><p>According to the COI sequence, the intraspecific p-distances of COI of the new species were 0 % – 0.2 %. The new species is most similar in genetic divergence (p-distance) to C. tunchengensis sp. nov. (5.3 % – 5.7 %) and C. wenchangensis sp. nov. (11.2 % – 11.5 %). According to molecular analysis, the distance between the new species and C. clinata is 11.7 % – 11.9 %. According to the 16 SrRNA sequence, the intraspecific p-distances of 16 SrRNA of the new species were 0 % – 0.7 %. The new species is most similar in genetic divergence (p-distance) to C. tunchengensis sp. nov. (1.6 % – 2.7 %) and C. clinata (2.5 % – 3.6 %). According to molecular analysis, the distance between the new species and C. wenchangensis sp. nov. is 4.6 % – 5.5 % (Fig. 21, Suppl. materials 1, 2).</p><p>Coloration.</p><p>Eyes reddish-brown; body semi-transparent; abdomen with faint black speckles (Fig. 2 G).</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The name originates from their type locality, referring to their habitat at the spring’s outlet, with “ fontinalis ” meaning “ spring-dweller ” in reference to their dwelling place near the water source.</p><p>Ecological notes.</p><p>C. fontinalis sp. nov. was collected from site 10. At site 10, the stream measured 0.1–0.2 m in width and 0.1 m in depth, and its substrate consisted of rock and mud. The shrimps lived among rocks, with a low population density. The spring water was slowly flowing (Fig. 2 G, Table 1).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Only occurring in the type locality, Qiongshan District, Haikou City, Hainan Island.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/75A7515A0C615997B9AA16DE8AD43330	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Hou, Junjie;Zhang, Jiping;Chen, Bing;Zhang, Yixuan;Chen, Wenjian;Guo, Zhaoliang	Hou, Junjie, Zhang, Jiping, Chen, Bing, Zhang, Yixuan, Chen, Wenjian, Guo, Zhaoliang (2025): Integrative taxonomy reveals the Caridina clinata Cai, Nguyen & Ng, 1999 species complex (Crustacea, Decapoda, Atyidae), with descriptions of eight new species from Hainan Island, China. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (4): 2295-2336, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.172207
25171598E26953089CE50498C6720EC9.text	25171598E26953089CE50498C6720EC9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Caridina hepingensis Hou, Zhang & Guo 2025	<div><p>Caridina hepingensis Hou, Zhang &amp; Guo sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 2 F, 13, 14</p><p>Materials examined.</p><p>China – Hainan Island • Holotype: 1 ♂, cl 4.6 mm, (FU 5727008), Qiongzhong County, 18°52'58"N, 110°0'55"E, al. 147 m, stn. 9, coll. WANG A. and HOU J. J., 15 Aug. 2023 .</p><p>Paratypes: 1 ♂, cl 3.9 mm, (FU 5727009); 1 ♂, cl 3.9 mm, (FU 5727010); 1 ♂, cl 3.2 mm, (FU 5727011); 1 ♂, cl 3.4 mm, (FU 5727012); 2 ♂♂, cl 3.5–4.6 mm, (FU 5727014); 1 ovigerous ♀, cl 5.0 mm, (FU 5727013), same collection data as holotype .</p><p>Comparative material.</p><p>Caridina baoting Cai, 2014 . China – Hainan Island • 1 ♂, cl 4.9 mm, (FU 5723001); 1 ♂, cl 5.3 mm, (FU 5723002); 1 ♂, cl 4.3 mm, (FU 5723003); 1 ♀, cl 4.8 mm, (FU 5723004); 1 ♀, cl 5.1 mm, (FU 5723005), stream from <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=109.588615&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.605556" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 109.588615/lat 18.605556)">Xiangshui Town</a>, Baoting County, 18°36'20"N, 109°35'19"E, al. 361 m, coll. 2 Jan. 2024.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Body (Fig. 2 F): Small, slender and sub-cylindrical, males up to 4.6 mm cl, females up to 5.0 mm cl. Sixth abdominal somite 0.46–0.66 times as long as carapace.</p><p>Rostrum (Fig. 13 A): Short, straight, reaching to the end of the eye to the end of the first segment of antennular peduncle; 0.2–0.3 of cl; usually unarmed, rarely armed dorsally with 1–3 teeth, and 0–1 teeth on carapace posterior to orbital margin, ventrally unarmed; rostral formula 0–1 + 0 – 2 / 0; lateral carina dividing rostrum into two unequal parts, continuing posteriorly to orbital margin.</p><p>Eyes (Fig. 13 A): Well-developed, on short ocular peduncle, cornea globular.</p><p>Carapace (Fig. 13 A): Smooth, glabrous; antennal spine acute, fused with inferior orbital angle; pterygostomian margin broadly rectangular, slightly produced forward; pterygostomian spine absent.</p><p>Antennule (Fig. 13 B): Peduncle reaching slightly short of scaphocerite; stylocerite reaching 0.84–0.93 times as long as basal segment of antennular peduncle; basal segment shorter than combined length of second and third segments, 1.31–1.42 times as long as second segment; second segment 1.07–1.29 times as long as third segments; all segments with marginal plumose setae.</p><p>Antenna (Fig. 13 C): Scaphocerite 2.9–3.2 times as long as wide, outer margin straight, asetose, ending in a strong sub-apical spine, inner and anterior margins with long plumose setae.</p><p>First maxilliped (Fig. 13 G): Palp of first maxilliped broadly triangular, ending in a bulbous tip.</p><p>Third maxilliped (Fig. 14 B): Basal segment 1.09–1.49 times as long as penultimate segment; penultimate segment 0.80–0.96 times as long as distal segment, ending in a large claw-like spine surrounded by simple setae, preceded by 4–5 thin spines on distal third of posterior margin, proximally a clump of long and short simple, serrate setae; exopod reaching to the end of second segment, distal margin with long plumose setae.</p><p>First pereiopod (Fig. 14 C): Chela 1.70–2.08 times as long as high, 1.27–1.49 times as long as carpus; movable finger 2.22–2.99 times as long as wide and 0.72–1.21 times as long as palm, setal brushes well-developed; carpus 1.33–1.67 times as long as wide, slightly excavated distally; merus 1.02–1.17 times as long as carpus.</p><p>Second pereiopod (Fig. 14 D): Chela 2.25–3.03 times as long as high, 0.67–1.06 times as long as carpus; movable finger 3.63–4.45 times as long as wide and 1.11–1.74 times as long as palm, setal brushes well-developed; carpus 3.49–5.51 times as long as wide, slightly excavated distally; merus 0.87–1.31 times as long as carpus.</p><p>Third pereiopod (Fig. 14 E): Dactylus 3.04–3.48 times as long as wide, terminating in a prominent claw-like spine surrounded by simple setae, followed by 4–5 spiniform setae; propodus 3.28–3.91 times as long as dactylus, 7.98–9.62 times as long as wide; carpus 0.65–0.77 times as long as propodus; merus 1.71–1.99 times as long as carpus, with 3 spiniform setae on the posterior margin.</p><p>Fourth pereiopod: Proportion and spination similar to third pereiopod.</p><p>Fifth pereiopod (Fig. 14 F): Dactylus 3.27–4.00 times as long as wide, ending in prominent claw-like spine surrounded by simple setae, followed by a row of 36–57 spiniform setae; propodus 3.35–4.35 times as long as dactylus, 9.24–12.23 times as long as wide; carpus 0.55–0.66 times as long as propodus; merus 1.34–1.51 times as long as carpus, with 2–3 strong spines on the posterior margin.</p><p>First four pereiopods with epipod.</p><p>First pleopod (Fig. 14 G): Endopod in male 0.46–0.56 times as long as exopod, oblong-reniform, 2.53–3.25 times as long as distally wide, tip rounded, inner margin slightly straight, outer margin slightly convex, long pappose setae on outer and distal margins, medium-length setae on inner margin; appendix interna well-developed, arising from distal 0.33 of endopod, reaching slightly beyond end of endopod, distally with cincinuli.</p><p>Second pleopod (Fig. 14 H): Appendix masculina rod-shaped, slightly thicker centrally, narrower distally, reaching 0.64–0.73 length of exopod, some short spiniform setae on basal part, and inner margin and tip bearing two rows of long spiniform setae; appendix interna well-developed, reaching 0.48–0.51 length of appendix masculina, distally with cincinuli.</p><p>Telson (Fig. 14 I): Tapering posterior, with a projection, with 4 pairs of short spiniform setae dorsally and one pair of short spiniform setae dorsolaterally; posterior margin with 4 pairs of intermedial spiniform setae, two outer pairs subequal in length and slightly shorter than two middle pairs. Exopodite of uropod (Fig. 14 J) bears a series of 19–23 movable spinules along diaresis.</p><p>Eggs: 0.67–0.80 mm × 1.10–1.20 mm in diameter.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Caridina hepingensis sp. nov., indeed resembles C. haivanensis Do &amp; Dang, 2010 by the form and armature of the rostrum, the shape of sexual appendages, and the proportions between the joints of the second, third, and fifth pereiopods. However, it can be separated from C. haivanensis by the stouter carpus of the first pereiopod (1.33–1.67 times as long as wide vs. 2.19 times in C. haivanensis); the palp of first maxilliped with a bulbous tip (vs. absent a bulbous tip in C. haivanensis); and among the four pairs of spiniform setae on the posterior margin of the telson, the two outer pairs are of subequal length and slightly shorter than the two middle pairs (vs. the three medial pairs being subequal in length and distinctly shorter than the outermost pair in C. haivanensis).</p><p>Caridina hepingensis sp. nov. superficially resembles C. baoting Cai, 2014 (also occurs on Hainan, the distance approximately 60 km) in the short rostrum and the proportions between the joints of pereiopods. However, it differs from the latter species by the rostrum ventrally unarmed (vs. with 1–2 teeth in C. baoting); the slightly broader scaphocerite (2.9–3.2 times as long as wide vs. 3.4 times in C. baoting); and the slightly small eggs (0.67–0.80 × 1.10–1.20 mm vs. 0.80 × 1.40 mm in C. baoting).</p><p>Although Caridina hepingensis sp. nov. and C. huangi sp. nov. are distributed in the same town, they inhabit two unconnected streams approximately 10 km apart. Caridina hepingensis sp. nov. is easily separated from C. huangi by the shorter stylocerite (not beyond to the end of first segment vs. reaching to the second segment in C. huangi sp. nov.), the fewer teeth on rostrum (dorsally with 0–2 teeth and ventrally with 0 tooth vs. dorsally with 9–11 teeth and ventrally with 1 tooth in C. huangi sp. nov.);</p><p>Molecular results.</p><p>The intraspecific p-distances of COI of the new species were 0 %. The new species is most similar in genetic divergence (p-distance) to C. huangi sp. nov. (6.6 %) and C. brevilineata sp. nov. (6.6 %). According to molecular analysis, the distance between the new species and C. clinata is 12.5 % – 13.0 %, the distance between the new species and C. haivanensis is 12.2 %. The intraspecific p-distances of 16 SrRNA of the new species were 0 %. The new species is most similar in genetic divergence (p-distance) to C. huangi sp. nov. (1.6 %) and C. qiongzhongensis sp. nov. (1.6 % – 1.8 %). According to molecular analysis, the distance between the new species and C. clinata is 3.9 % – 5.3 %, the distance between the new species and C. haivanensis is 4.3 % (Fig. 21, Suppl. materials 1, 2).</p><p>Coloration.</p><p>Body is translucent reddish-brown. The surface of the cephalothorax is covered with fine spots. The middle part of the abdominal carapace has a row of spots, and the abdominal margin has 3–4 fine vertical stripes. The dorsal side of the third segment has a vertical stripe extending to the 1 / 2 of the segment. (Fig. 2 F).</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The new species is named after its type locality name: Heping Town.</p><p>Ecological notes.</p><p>C. hepingensis sp. nov. was collected from site 9. At site 9, the stream measured 0.3–0.4 m in width and 0.2–0.3 m in depth, and its substrate consisted of rock and sand. The shrimps lived among rocks, exhibiting high population density. The stream water was slow-flowing (Fig. 2 F, Table 1).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Only occurring in Heping Town, Qiongzhong County, Hainan Island.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/25171598E26953089CE50498C6720EC9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Hou, Junjie;Zhang, Jiping;Chen, Bing;Zhang, Yixuan;Chen, Wenjian;Guo, Zhaoliang	Hou, Junjie, Zhang, Jiping, Chen, Bing, Zhang, Yixuan, Chen, Wenjian, Guo, Zhaoliang (2025): Integrative taxonomy reveals the Caridina clinata Cai, Nguyen & Ng, 1999 species complex (Crustacea, Decapoda, Atyidae), with descriptions of eight new species from Hainan Island, China. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (4): 2295-2336, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.172207
C623936158525894BD29E996A0F0C0E7.text	C623936158525894BD29E996A0F0C0E7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Caridina huangi Hou, Zhang & Guo 2025	<div><p>Caridina huangi Hou, Zhang &amp; Guo sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 2 E, 11, 12</p><p>Materials examined.</p><p>China – Hainan Island • Holotype: 1 ♂, cl 4.1 mm, (FU 5727001), Qiongzhong County, 18°56'39"N, 109°57'1"E, al. 242 m, stn. 8, coll. WANG A. and HOU J. J., 17 Jan. 2024 .</p><p>Paratypes. 1 ♂, cl 4.2 mm, (FU 5727002); 1 ♂, cl 4.4 mm, (FU 5727003); 1 ♂, cl 4.4 mm, (FU 5727004); 2 ♂♂, cl 4.1–4.7 mm, (FU 5727007); 1 ♀, cl 4.5 mm, (FU 5727005); 1 ovigerous ♀, cl 4.6 mm, (FU 5727006), same collection data as holotype .</p><p>Description.</p><p>Body (Fig. 2 E): Small, slender and sub-cylindrical, males up to 4.7 mm cl, females up to 4.6 mm cl. Sixth abdominal somite 0.46–0.52 times as long as carapace.</p><p>Rostrum (Fig. 11 A): Short, straight, reaching to the end of the first segment to the middle of the second segment of antennular peduncle; 0.2–0.5 of cl; armed dorsally with 9–15 teeth, including 3–5 on carapace posterior to orbital margin, ventrally with 0–2 teeth; rostral formula 3–5 + 6 – 10 / 0 – 2; lateral carina dividing rostrum into two unequal parts, continuing posteriorly to orbital margin.</p><p>Eyes (Fig. 11 A): Well-developed, on short ocular peduncle, cornea globular.</p><p>Carapace (Fig. 11 A): Smooth, glabrous; antennal spine acute, fused with inferior orbital angle; pterygostomian margin broadly rectangular, slightly produced forward; pterygostomian spine absent.</p><p>Antennule (Fig. 11 B): Stylocerite reaching 1.19–1.31 times as long as basal segment of antennular peduncle; basal segment shorter than combined length of second and third segments, 1.32–1.53 times as long as second segment; second segment 1.20–1.45 times as long as third segments; all segments with marginal plumose setae.</p><p>Antenna (Fig. 11 C): Scaphocerite 3.0–3.3 times as long as wide, outer margin straight, asetose, ending in a strong sub-apical spine, inner and anterior margins with long plumose setae.</p><p>First maxilliped (Fig. 11 G): Palp of first maxilliped broadly triangular, ending in finger-like projection.</p><p>Third maxilliped (Fig. 12 B): Basal segment 0.94–1.21 times as long as penultimate segment; penultimate segment 0.92–1.00 times as long as distal segment, ending in a large claw-like spine surrounded by simple setae, preceded by 5–6 thin spines on distal third of posterior margin, proximally a clump of long and short simple, serrate setae; exopod reaching beyond the middle of second segment, distal margin with long plumose setae.</p><p>First pereiopod (Fig. 12 C): Chela 2.00–2.33 times as long as high, 1.30–1.44 times as long as carpus; movable finger 2.41–3.00 times as long as wide and 0.80–1.21 times as long as palm, setal brushes well developed; carpus 1.51–2.40 times as long as wide, slightly excavated distally; merus 1.03–1.21 times as long as carpus.</p><p>Second pereiopod (Fig. 12 D): Chela 2.44–2.92 times as long as high, 0.75–0.86 times as long as carpus; movable finger 3.87–4.79 times as long as wide and 1.10–1.54 times as long as palm, setal brushes well-developed; carpus 4.78–5.45 times as long as wide, slightly excavated distally; merus 0.79–1.03 times as long as carpus.</p><p>Third pereiopod (Fig. 12 E): Dactylus 3.22–3.81 times as long as wide, terminating in a prominent claw-like spine surrounded by simple setae, followed by 4–6 spiniform setae; propodus 3.29–4.44 times as long as dactylus, 8.32–10.25 times as long as wide; carpus 0.58–0.79 times as long as propodus; merus 1.79–2.25 times as long as carpus, with 3 spiniform setae on posterior margin.</p><p>Fourth pereiopod: Proportion and spination similar to third pereiopod.</p><p>Fifth pereiopod (Fig. 12 F): Dactylus 3.27–4.85 times as long as wide, ending in prominent claw-like spine surrounded by simple setae, followed by a row of 41–49 spiniform setae; propodus 3.35–3.62 times as long as dactylus, 11.22–13.12 times as long as wide; carpus 0.48–0.73 times as long as propodus; merus 1.48–1.86 times as long as carpus, with 2–3 spiniform setae on the posterior margin.</p><p>First four pereiopods with epipod.</p><p>First pleopod (Fig. 12 G): Endopod in male 0.44–0.46 times as long as exopod, oblong-reniform, 2.40–2.80 times as long as distally wide, tip rounded, inner margin slight concave, outer margin slightly convex, long pappose setae on outer and distal margins, medium-length setae on inner margin; appendix interna well-developed, arising from distal 0.33 of endopod, reaching slightly beyond end of endopod, distally with cincinuli.</p><p>Second pleopod (Fig. 12 H): Appendix masculina rod-shaped, reaching 0.59–0.67 times length of exopod, some short spiniform setae on basal part, and inner margin and tip bearing nearly equal long and stout spiniform setae; appendix interna well developed, reaching 0.49–0.55 length of appendix masculina, distally with cincinuli.</p><p>Telson (Fig. 12 I): Tapering posterior, with a projection, with 5 pairs of short spiniform setae dorsally and one pair of short spiniform setae dorsolaterally; posterior margin with 4 pairs of intermedial spiniform setae. Exopodite of the uropod (Fig. 12 J) bears a series of 19–26 movable spinules along diaresis.</p><p>Eggs: 0.66–0.85 mm × 1.10–1.27 mm in diameter.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Caridina huangi sp. nov. resembles C. pacbo Do, von Rintelen &amp; Dang, 2020 (distributed in Cao Bang Province, Vietnam) in the form and armature of the rostrum, the long stylocerite, the proportions between the joints of pereiopods, and also in the coloration and pattern. However, the new species can be distinguished from C. pacbo by the slender scaphocerite (3.0–3.3 times as long as wide vs. 2.64–3.13 times in C. pacbo); more spinules on the uropodal diaeresis (19–26 spinules vs. 19–20 in C. pacbo); the slightly broader endopod of the first male pleopod (2.40–2.80 times as long as wide vs. 2.90–3.30 in C. pacbo); The long spiniform setae on the distal surface are more dense on the appendix masculina of male second pleopod (The long spiniform setae on the distal surface are more sparse on the appendix masculina of male second pleopod in C. pacbo).</p><p>Caridina huangi sp. nov. is most similar to C. mongziensis Liang, Yan &amp; Wang, 1987 (distributed in Mongzi, Yunnan Province) in the shape of the sexual appendages and telson, the long stylocerite, and the proportions between the joints of the pereiopods, although no material of C. mongziensis was available for the molecular phylogenetic analysis in this study. This new species can be easily distinguished from C. mongziensis by the slender scaphocerite (3.0–3.3 times as long as wide vs. 2.9–3.0 times in C. mongziensis); the slender propodus of the fifth pereiopod (11.22–13.12 times as long as wide vs. 9.8 times in C. mongziensis) and more spiniform setae on the flexor margin of the dactylus (41–49 spiniform setae vs. 35–40 spiniform setae in C. mongziensis); the more spinules on the uropodal diaeresis (19–26 spinules vs. 13–18 in C. mongziensis); and the small eggs (0.66–0.85 × 1.10–1.27 mm vs. 0.93–1.07 × 1.35–1.59 mm in C. mongziensis).</p><p>In terms of the long stylocerite, the rostral morphology and armature, Caridina huangi sp. nov. closely resembles C. qiongzhongensis sp. nov. (see remarks under C. qiongzhongensis sp. nov.).</p><p>Molecular results.</p><p>The intraspecific p-distances of COI of the new species were 0 % – 0.4 %. The new species is most similar in genetic divergence (p-distance) to C. brevilineata sp. nov. (6.0 %) and C. hepingensis sp. nov. (6.4 % – 6.6 %). According to molecular analysis, the distance between the new species and C. clinata is 11.1 % – 11.8 %. The intraspecific p-distances of 16 SrRNA of the new species were 0 %. The new species is most similar in genetic divergence (p-distance) to C. hepingensis sp. nov. (1.6 %) and C. qiongzhongensis sp. nov. (2.2 % – 2.5 %). According to molecular analysis, the distance between the new species and C. clinata is 3.6 % – 4.6 % (Fig. 21, Suppl. materials 1, 2).</p><p>Coloration.</p><p>Body translucent. The surface of the cephalothorax is covered with fine spots. The middle part of the abdominal carapace has a row of small spots, and the abdominal margin has 3–4 fine vertical stripes. (Fig. 2 E).</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The new species is named after its discoverer Mr. Huang.</p><p>Ecological notes.</p><p>C. huangi sp. nov. was collected from site 8. At site 8, the stream measured 0.5–1.0 m in width and 0.3–0.5 m in depth, and its substrate consisted of rock, leaf litter, and aquatic plants. The shrimps lived densely among leaf litter and marginal vegetation, exhibiting high population density. The stream water was intermediately flowing (Fig. 2 E, Table 1).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Only occurring in Heping Town, Qiongzhong County, Hainan Island.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C623936158525894BD29E996A0F0C0E7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Hou, Junjie;Zhang, Jiping;Chen, Bing;Zhang, Yixuan;Chen, Wenjian;Guo, Zhaoliang	Hou, Junjie, Zhang, Jiping, Chen, Bing, Zhang, Yixuan, Chen, Wenjian, Guo, Zhaoliang (2025): Integrative taxonomy reveals the Caridina clinata Cai, Nguyen & Ng, 1999 species complex (Crustacea, Decapoda, Atyidae), with descriptions of eight new species from Hainan Island, China. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (4): 2295-2336, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.172207
84E116990D8758119159FC93974AEE28.text	84E116990D8758119159FC93974AEE28.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Caridina qiongzhongensis Hou, Zhang & Guo 2025	<div><p>Caridina qiongzhongensis Hou, Zhang &amp; Guo sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 2 D, 9, 10</p><p>Materials examined.</p><p>China – Hainan Island • Holotype: 1 ♂, cl 3.7 mm, (FU 5727015), Qiongzhong County, 19°1'26"N, 109°50'27"E, al. 312 m, stn. 6, coll. WANG C. Y. and HOU J. J, 23 Jan. 2024 .</p><p>Paratypes: 1 ♂, cl 3.5 mm, (FU 5727016); 1 ♂, cl 4.2 mm, (FU 5727017); 1 ♂, cl 4.0 mm, (FU 5727020); 1 ovigerous ♀, cl 5.0 mm, (FU 5727018); 1 ♀, cl 4.6 mm, (FU 5727019), same collection data as holotype . 1 ♂, cl 4.6 mm, (FU 5727021); 2 ♀♀, cl 4.4–5.0 mm, (FU 5727022), Qiongzhong County, 19°1'56"N, 109°47'26"E, al. 336 m, stn. 7, coll. YU W. D. and HOU J. J., 23 Jan. 2024 .</p><p>Comparative material.</p><p>Caridina serrata Stimpson, 1860 . China – Guangdong Prov. • 3 ♂♂, cl 3.2–3.8 mm, (FU 5190001), Guishan Island, Zhuhai City, coll. Guo Z. L., 27 Nov. 2023.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Body (Fig. 2 D): Small, slender and sub-cylindrical, males up to 4.6 mm cl, females up to 5.0 mm cl. Sixth abdominal somite 0.45–0.52 times as long as carapace.</p><p>Rostrum (Fig. 9 A, B): Short, straight, reaching to the end of the first segment to the middle of 2 rd segment of antennular peduncle; 0.2–0.4 of cl; armed dorsally with 8–12 teeth, including 2–5 on carapace posterior to orbital margin, ventrally with 0–2 teeth; rostral formula 2–5 + 6 – 7 / 0 – 2; lateral carina dividing rostrum into two unequal parts, continuing posteriorly to orbital margin.</p><p>Eyes (Fig. 9 A, B): Well-developed, on short ocular peduncle, cornea globular.</p><p>Carapace (Fig. 9 A, B): Smooth, glabrous; antennal spine acute, fused with inferior orbital angle; pterygostomian margin broadly rectangular, slightly produced forward; pterygostomian spine absent.</p><p>Antennule (Fig. 9 C): Stylocerite reaching 1.05–1.26 times as long as basal segment of antennular peduncle; basal segment as long or shorter than combined length of second and third segments, 1.48–1.63 times as long as second segment; second segment 1.70–2.01 times as long as third segments; all segments with marginal plumose setae.</p><p>Antenna (Fig. 9 D): Scaphocerite 3.7 times as long as wide, outer margin straight, asetose, ending in a strong sub-apical spine, inner and anterior margins with long plumose setae.</p><p>First maxilliped (Fig. 9 H): Palp of first maxilliped broadly triangular, ending in finger-like projection.</p><p>Third maxilliped (Fig. 10 B): Basal segment 0.95–1.26 times as long as penultimate segment; penultimate segment 0.96–1.15 times as long as distal segment, ending in a large claw-like spine surrounded by simple setae, preceded by 5–6 thin spines on distal third of posterior margin, proximally a clump of long and short simple, serrate setae; exopod reaching beyond the beginning of second segment, distal margin with long plumose setae.</p><p>First pereiopod (Fig. 10 C): Chela 2.06–2.25 times as long as high, 1.34–1.51 times as long as carpus; movable finger 2.58–3.32 times as long as wide and 0.87–1.16 times as long as palm, setal brushes well-developed; carpus 1.18–1.66 times as long as wide, slightly excavated distally; merus 0.95–1.44 times as long as carpus.</p><p>Second pereiopod (Fig. 10 D): Chela 2.38–2.90 times as long as high, 0.83–0.90 times as long as carpus; movable finger 3.54–4.51 times as long as wide and 1.13–1.53 times as long as palm, setal brushes well-developed; carpus 4.13–4.90 times as long as wide, slightly excavated distally; merus 0.95–1.12 times as long as carpus.</p><p>Third pereiopod (Fig. 10 E): Dactylus 2.88–4.03 times as long as wide, terminating in a prominent claw-like spine surrounded by simple setae, followed by 5–6 spiniform setae; propodus 2.88–4.51 times as long as dactylus, 8.72–10.61 times as long as wide; carpus 0.61–0.87 times as long as propodus; merus 1.76–2.16 times as long as carpus, with 3–4 spiniform setae on the posterior margin. Ischium sometimes with 1 small movable spiniform setae on the posterior margin.</p><p>Fourth pereiopod: Proportion and spination similar to third pereiopod.</p><p>Fifth pereiopod (Fig. 10 F): Dactylus 3.22–4.70 times as long as wide, ending in prominent claw-like spine surrounded by simple setae, followed by a row of 35–52 spiniform setae; propodus 3.02–4.94 times as long as dactylus, 9.38–12.47 times as long as wide; carpus 0.43–0.67 times as long as propodus; merus 1.41–1.55 times as long as carpus, with 2–3 spiniform setae on the posterior margin. Ischium sometimes with 1 spine on the posterior margin.</p><p>First four pereiopods with epipod.</p><p>First pleopod (Fig. 10 G): Endopod in male 0.50–0.56 times as long as exopod, oblong-reniform, distal end is distinctly narrower than the basal part, 2.77–3.09 times as long as wide, tip rounded, inner margin slightly concave. Outer margin slightly convex, long pappose setae on outer and distal margins, medium-length setae on inner margin; appendix interna well developed, arising from distal 0.25–0.33 of endopod, reaching slightly beyond end of endopod, distally with cincinuli.</p><p>Second pleopod (Fig. 10 H): Appendix masculina rod-shaped, wider and slightly swollen in the end, reaching 0.68–0.69 length of exopod, some short spiny setae on basal part, the spiniform setae at the end of appendix masculina are thicker, and the spiniform setae of middle of appendix masculina are shorter; appendix interna well developed, reaching 0.50–0.56 of appendix masculina, distally with cincinuli.</p><p>Telson (Fig. 10 I): With 5 pairs of short spiniform setae dorsally and one pair of short spiniform setae dorsolaterally; posterior margin with 4 pairs of intermedial spiniform setae, the innermost one usually strongest and longest. Exopodite of the uropod (Fig. 10 I) bears a series of 20–23 movable spinules along diaresis.</p><p>Eggs: 0.70–0.76 mm × 1.17–1.30 mm in diameter.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Regarding the long stylocerite, the form of the telson, as well as the form and armature of the rostrum, Caridina qiongzhongensis sp. nov. is most similar to C. serrata Stimpson, 1860, a species widely distributed along the coastal areas and islands of Guangdong. It can be easily separated from C. serrata by the slender endopod of the male first pleopod (endopod 2.77–3.09 times as long as wide vs. 2.5 times in C. serrata); the shape and the spines of appendix masculina of the second pleopod (appendix masculina rod-shaped with slightly swollen tip, the long spiniform setae on the tip and the slightly shorter spiniform setae along the proximal inner margin vs. rod-shaped with slightly swollen midportion, equally stout spiniform setae along the inner margin and tip in C. serrata); slightly bigger eggs (0.70–0.76 × 1.17–1.30 mm vs. 0.56–0.62 × 0.90–0.96 mm in C. serrata).</p><p>Caridina qiongzhongensis sp. nov. is most similar to C. clinata Cai et al., 1999, in shape of sexual appendages and the proportions between the joints of pereiopods. However, it can be separated from C. clinata by the fewer rostral teeth (dorsally with 8–12 teeth and ventrally with 0–2 teeth vs. dorsally with 12–21 teeth and ventrally with 1–5 teeth in C. clinata); the longer stylocerite (beyond of basal antennular segment vs. not reaching basal antennular segment in C. clinata); the slender scaphocerite (3.7 times as long as wide vs. 3.1–3.4 times in C. clinata); more spinules on the uropodal diaresis (20–23 spinules vs. 14–21 spinules in C. clinata); and slightly bigger eggs (0.70–0.76 × 1.17–1.30 mm vs. 0.60–0.75 × 1.10–1.15 mm in C. clinata).</p><p>Caridina qiongzhongensis sp. nov. is morphologically similar to C. huangi sp. nov. in the form and armature of the rostrum, the long stylocerite, and the proportions between the joints of pereiopods. However, it can be separated by the slender endopod of the male first pleopod (2.77–3.09 times as long as wide vs. 2.40–2.82 times in C. huangi sp. nov.); the shape and the spines of appendix masculina of the second pleopod (appendix masculina rod-shaped with slightly swollen tip, the long spiniform setae on the tip and the slightly shorter spiniform setae along the proximal inner margin vs. cylindrical with uniform width, two rows of equally stout spiniform setae along the inner margin and tip in C. huangi sp. nov.); the posterior of the telson lacks a projection (vs. a projection present in C. huangi sp. nov.); and slightly bigger eggs (0.70–0.76 × 1.17–1.30 mm vs. 0.66–0.85 × 1.10–1.27 mm in C. huangi sp. nov.).</p><p>Molecular results.</p><p>The intraspecific p-distances of COI of the new species were 0 % – 0.6 %. The new species is most similar in genetic divergence (p-distance) to C. huangi sp. nov. (6.8 % – 8.0 %) and C. brevilineata sp. nov. (7.3 % – 7.5 %). According to molecular analysis, the distance between the new species and C. clinata is 13.5 % – 14.5 %. The intraspecific p-distances of 16 S rRNA of the new species were 0 % – 0.7 %. The new species is most similar in genetic divergence (p-distance) to C. hepingensis sp. nov. (1.6 % – 1.8 %) and C. huangi sp. nov. (2.2 % – 2.5 %). According to molecular analysis, the distance between the new species and C. clinata is 3.9 % – 5.0 % (Fig. 21, Suppl. materials 1, 2).</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The new species is named after its type locality name: Qiongzhong County.</p><p>Coloration.</p><p>Body translucent. Middle part of the plastron with a row of fine dark brown spots. Plastron margin with 4 slender vertical dark brown stripes; stripes in some individuals appear red. Middle part of the 6 th abdominal segment with 1 blue patch. (Fig. 2 D).</p><p>Ecological notes.</p><p>C. qiongzhongensis sp. nov. was collected from site 6–7. At site 6, the stream measured 0.5 m in width and 0.2 m in depth, and its substrate consisted of rock, sand, and leaf litter. At site 7, the stream measured 2.0 m in width and 0.4 m in depth, and its substrate consisted of big rocks, gravel, and mud. The shrimps lived densely among leaf litter, exhibiting high population density. The stream water was intermediately flowing (Fig. 2 D, Table 1).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Only occurring in Yinggen Town, Qiongzhong County, Hainan Island.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/84E116990D8758119159FC93974AEE28	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Hou, Junjie;Zhang, Jiping;Chen, Bing;Zhang, Yixuan;Chen, Wenjian;Guo, Zhaoliang	Hou, Junjie, Zhang, Jiping, Chen, Bing, Zhang, Yixuan, Chen, Wenjian, Guo, Zhaoliang (2025): Integrative taxonomy reveals the Caridina clinata Cai, Nguyen & Ng, 1999 species complex (Crustacea, Decapoda, Atyidae), with descriptions of eight new species from Hainan Island, China. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (4): 2295-2336, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.172207
0779195C54415BC98730BFB71541D327.text	0779195C54415BC98730BFB71541D327.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Caridina tunchengensis Hou, Chen & Guo 2025	<div><p>Caridina tunchengensis Hou, Chen &amp; Guo sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 2 H, 17, 18</p><p>Materials examined.</p><p>China – Hainan Island • Holotype: 1 ♂, cl 3.9 mm, (FU 5700001), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.105835&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=19.473057" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.105835/lat 19.473057)">Tuncheng Town</a>, Tunchang County, 19°28'23"N, 110°6'21"E, al. 181 m, stn. 11, coll. WANG G. Y. and HOU J. J., 18 Jan. 2025 .</p><p>Paratypes: 1 ♂, cl 4.2 mm, (FU 5716002); 1 ♂, cl 3.8 mm, (FU 5716003); 1 ♂, cl 3.7 mm, (FU 5716004); 1 ♂, cl 4.3 mm, (FU 5716005); 1 ♀, cl 3.9 mm, (FU 5716006), 1 ovigerous ♀, cl 4.4 mm, (FU 5716007), same collection data as holotype .</p><p>Description.</p><p>Body (Fig. 2 H): Small, slender and sub-cylindrical, males up to 4.3 mm cl, females up to 4.4 mm cl. Sixth abdominal somite 0.40–0.51 times as long as carapace.</p><p>Rostrum (Fig. 17 A): Short, straight, reaching from not beyond the eye to beginning of second segment of antennular peduncle; 0.2–0.3 of cl; armed dorsally with 3–13 teeth, including 0–5 on carapace posterior to orbital margin, ventrally with 1–2 teeth; rostral formula 0–5 + 3 – 8 / 1 – 2; lateral carina dividing rostrum into two unequal parts, continuing posteriorly to orbital margin.</p><p>Eyes (Fig. 17 A): Well-developed, on short ocular peduncle, cornea globular.</p><p>Carapace (Fig. 17 A): Smooth, glabrous; antennal spine acute, fused with inferior orbital angle; pterygostomian margin broadly rectangular, slightly produced forward; pterygostomian spine absent.</p><p>Antennule (Fig. 17 B): Stylocerite reaching 0.79–0.90 times as long as basal segment of antennular peduncle; basal segment shorter than combined length of second and third segments, 1.46–1.74 times as long as second segment; second segment 1.16–1.40 times as long as third segments; all segments with marginal plumose setae.</p><p>Antenna (Fig. 17 C): Scaphocerite 3.3 times as long as wide, outer margin straight, asetose, ending in a strong sub-apical spine, inner and anterior margins with long plumose setae.</p><p>First maxilliped (Fig. 17 G): Palp of first maxilliped broadly triangular, ending with no finger-like projection.</p><p>Third maxilliped (Fig. 18 B): Basal segment 1.07–1.17 times as long as penultimate segment; penultimate segment 0.97–1.02 times as long as distal segment, ending in a large claw-like spine surrounded by simple setae, preceded by 5–6 thin spines on distal third of posterior margin, proximally a clump of long and short simple, serrate setae; exopod reaching the middle of second segment, distal margin with long plumose setae.</p><p>First pereiopod (Fig. 18 C): Chela 1.79–2.26 times as long as high, 1.21–1.34 times as long as carpus; movable finger 2.08–2.77 times as long as wide and 0.71–1.33 times as long as palm, setal brushes well developed; carpus 1.38–1.85 times as long as wide, slightly excavated distally; merus 1.03–1.11 times as long as carpus.</p><p>Second pereiopod (Fig. 18 D): Chela 2.22–3.15 times as long as high, 0.66–0.76 times as long as carpus; movable finger 2.85–4.37 times as long as wide and 1.07–1.47 times as long as palm, setal brushes well developed; carpus 5.17–5.66 times as long as wide, slightly excavated distally; merus 0.88–0.99 times as long as carpus.</p><p>Third pereiopod (Fig. 18 E): Dactylus 2.95–3.96 times as long as wide, terminating in a prominent claw-like spine surrounded by simple setae, followed by 5–7 spiniform setae; propodus 3.04–4.24 times as long as dactylus, 8.13–10.05 times as long as wide; carpus 0.67–0.82 times as long as propodus; merus 1.42–1.96 times as long as carpus, with 3 spiniform setae on the posterior margin. Ischium sometimes with 1 small movable spiniform setae on the posterior margin.</p><p>Third and fourth pereiopods with 1 spine on ischium.</p><p>Fifth pereiopod (Fig. 18 F): Dactylus 3.37–4.62 times as long as wide, ending in prominent claw-like spine surrounded by simple setae, followed by a row of 36–42 spiniform setae; propodus 3.37–4.18 times as long as dactylus, 9.63–12.61 times as long as wide; carpus 0.51–0.61 times as long as propodus; merus 1.42–1.63 times as long as carpus, with 3 spiniform setae on the posterior margin.</p><p>First pleopod (Fig. 18 G): Endopod reaching 0.42–0.45 times as long as exopod, oblong-reniform, 2.46–2.58 times as long as distally wide, terminal width subequal to basal width; inner margin concave, outer margin convex, long pappose setae on outer and distal margins, medium-length setae on inner margin; appendix interna well developed, arising from distal 0.2 of endopod, reaching slightly beyond the end of endopod, distally with cincinuli.</p><p>Second pleopod (Fig. 18 H): Appendix masculina rod-shaped, reaching 0.63–0.64 length of endopod; with some short spiniform setae on outer surface and some long and stout spiniform setae on distal surface; appendix interna reaching 0.50–0.56 length of appendix masculina.</p><p>Telson (Fig. 18 I): With 4 pairs of short spiniform setae dorsally and one pair of short spiniform setae dorsolaterally; posterior margin triangular, with 3–4 pairs of intermedial plumose setae, lateral plumose setae slightly longer, intermediate plumose setae subequal. Exopodite of the uropod (Fig. 18 J) bears a series of 17–22 movable spinules along diaresis.</p><p>Eggs: 0.71–0.78 mm × 1.09–1.23 mm in diameter.</p><p>Remark.</p><p>Caridina tunchengensis sp. nov. is similar to C. clinata Cai et al., 1999, but differs by: shorter and stouter endopod of first pleopod (length 2.46–2.58 times width vs. 2.40–3.04 times in C. clinata); fewer dorsal and ventral rostral teeth (3–13 dorsal, 1–2 ventral vs. 12–21 dorsal, 1–5 ventral in C. clinata); fewer spiniform setae on fifth pereiopod dactylus (36–42 spiniform setae vs. 41–51 spiniform setae in C. clinata); absence of digitiform process on first maxilliped exopod (present in C. clinata); palp of first maxilliped (ending with no finger-like projection vs. ending with a finger-like projection in C. clinata).</p><p>Caridina tunchengensis sp. nov. is similar to C. fontinalis sp. nov., but differs by: shorter first pleopod endopod (0.42–0.45 times as long as exopod vs. 0.49–0.61 times as long as exopod in C. fontinalis sp. nov.); more uropodal exopod spines (17–22 vs. 12–16 in C. fontinalis sp. nov.); fewer merus spines on third and fifth pereiopods (3 vs. 3–5 in C. fontinalis sp. nov.); palp of first maxilliped (absence of digitiform process on first maxilliped exopod vs. with a digitiform process on first maxilliped exopod in C. fontinalis sp. nov.).</p><p>Molecular results.</p><p>According to the COI sequence, the intraspecific p-distances of COI of the new species were 0 % – 0.2 %. The new species is most similar in genetic divergence (p-distance) to C. fontinalis sp. nov. (5.3 % – 5.7 %) and C. wenchangensis sp. nov. (9.1 % – 9.4 %). According to molecular analysis, the distance between the new species and C. clinata is 9.4 % – 9.6 %. According to the 16 SrDNA sequence, the intraspecific p-distances of 16 SrDNA of the new species were 0.4 % – 1.1 %. The new species is most similar in genetic divergence (p-distance) to C. fontinalis sp. nov. (1.6 % – 2.7 %) and C. clinata (2.7 % – 3.2 %). According to molecular analysis, the distance between the new species and C. wenchangensis sp. nov. is 5.6 % – 5.8 % (Fig. 21, Suppl. materials 1, 2).</p><p>Coloration.</p><p>Eyes reddish-brown; body translucent; posterior carapace margin with a black longitudinal stripe; mid and posterior abdominal segments with faint black speckles. (Fig. 2 H).</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The name is derived from its type locality, Tuncheng Town.</p><p>Ecological notes.</p><p>C. tunchengensis sp. nov. was collected from site 11. At site 11, the stream measured 0.5–1.0 m in width and 0.2–0.3 m in depth, and its substrate consisted of rock, mud, leaf litter, and aquatic plants. The shrimps lived among leaf litter and marginal vegetation, exhibiting high population density. The stream water was slow-flowing (Fig. 2 H, Table 1).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Only occurring in the type locality, Tuncheng Town, Tunchang County, Hainan Island.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0779195C54415BC98730BFB71541D327	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Hou, Junjie;Zhang, Jiping;Chen, Bing;Zhang, Yixuan;Chen, Wenjian;Guo, Zhaoliang	Hou, Junjie, Zhang, Jiping, Chen, Bing, Zhang, Yixuan, Chen, Wenjian, Guo, Zhaoliang (2025): Integrative taxonomy reveals the Caridina clinata Cai, Nguyen & Ng, 1999 species complex (Crustacea, Decapoda, Atyidae), with descriptions of eight new species from Hainan Island, China. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (4): 2295-2336, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.172207
2B6806B8C1445392B32A1E3C79838585.text	2B6806B8C1445392B32A1E3C79838585.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Caridina wenchangensis Hou, Zhang & Guo 2025	<div><p>Caridina wenchangensis Hou, Zhang &amp; Guo sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 2 C, 7, 8</p><p>Materials examined.</p><p>China – Hainan Island • Holotype: 1 ♂, cl 3.4 mm, (FU 5713001), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.5775&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=19.445276" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.5775/lat 19.445276)">Wenchang City</a>, 19°26'43"N, 110°34'39"E, al. 72 m, stn. 5, coll. WANG C. Y. and HOU J. J., 22 Jan. 2024 .</p><p>Paratypes: 1 ♂, cl 2.6 mm, (FU 5713002); 1 ♂, cl 2.7 mm, (FU 5713003); 2 ♂♂, cl 2.7–2.9 mm, (FU 5713005); 1 ♀, cl 3.1 mm, (FU 5713004); 1 ovigerous ♀, cl 3.4 mm, (FU 5713006), same collection data as holotype .</p><p>Comparative material.</p><p>Caridina clinata Cai, Nguyen &amp; Ng, 1999 . See this article. Caridina haivanensis Do &amp; Dang, 2010 . Vietnam – Da Nang Prov. • 1 ♂, cl 4.4 mm, (FU 55001); 1 ♂, cl 5.0 mm, (FU 55002); 1 ♂, cl 4.2 mm, (FU 55003); 2 ♂♂, cl 4.2–4.4, (FU 55004); 1 ♀, cl 4.5 mm, (FU 55005); 1 ♀, cl 5.3 mm, (FU 55006); 1 ♀, cl 5.3 mm, (FU 55007); 6 ♀♀, cl 4.1–5.2 mm, (FU 55008), Tho Quang, 16°6'46"N, 108°15'25"E, al. 26 m, stn. 14, coll. HAN Z. K., 10 Jul. 2025.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Body (Fig. 2 C): Small, slender and sub-cylindrical, males up to 3.4 mm cl, females up to 3.4 mm cl. Sixth abdominal somite 0.41–0.48 times as long as carapace.</p><p>Rostrum (Fig. 7 A): Short, reaching to the end of the first segment to the middle of the second segment of antennular peduncle, sloping ventral anteriorly; 0.3–0.5 of cl; armed dorsally with 12–15 teeth, including 3–5 on carapace posterior to orbital margin, ventrally with 2–4 teeth; rostral formula 3–5 + 9 – 10 / 2 – 4; lateral carina dividing rostrum into two unequal parts, continuing posteriorly to orbital margin.</p><p>Eyes (Fig. 7 A): Well-developed, on short ocular peduncle, cornea globular.</p><p>Carapace (Fig. 7 A): Smooth, glabrous; antennal spine acute, fused with inferior orbital angle; pterygostomian margin broadly rectangular, slightly produced forward; pterygostomian spine absent.</p><p>Antennule (Fig. 7 B): Peduncle reaching slightly short of scaphocerite; stylocerite reaching 0.86–0.96 times as long as basal segment of antennular peduncle; basal segment shorter or as long as combined length of second and third segments, 1.72–1.96 times as long as second segment; second segment 1.00–1.10 times as long as third segments; all segments with marginal plumose setae.</p><p>Antenna (Fig. 7 C): Scaphocerite 3.0–3.2 times as long as wide, outer margin straight, asetose, ending in a strong sub-apical spine, inner and anterior margins with long plumose setae.</p><p>First maxilliped (Fig. 7 G): Palp of first maxilliped broadly triangular, ending in a finger-like projection.</p><p>Third maxilliped (Fig. 8 B): Basal segment 0.91–1.10 times as long as penultimate segment; penultimate segment as long as distal segment, ending in a large claw-like spine surrounded by simple setae, preceded by 3–5 thin spines on distal third of posterior margin, proximally a clump of long and short simple, serrate setae; exopod reaching beyond the middle of second segment, distal margin with long plumose setae.</p><p>First pereiopod (Fig. 8 C): Chela 1.90–2.26 times as long as high, 1.21–1.55 times as long as carpus; movable finger 2.55–3.45 times as long as wide and 0.86–1.10 times as long as palm, setal brushes well developed; carpus 1.49–1.94 times as long as wide, slightly excavated distally; merus 0.95–1.16 times as long as carpus.</p><p>Second pereiopod (Fig. 8 D): Chela 2.30–2.70 times as long as high, 0.75–0.80 times as long as carpus; movable finger 3.50–3.81 times as long as wide and 1.24–1.53 times as long as palm, setal brushes well-developed; carpus 4.59–5.41 times as long as wide, slightly excavated distally; merus 0.74–1.00 times as long as carpus.</p><p>Third pereiopod (Fig. 8 E): Dactylus 3.36–3.90 times as long as wide, terminating in a prominent claw-like spine surrounded by simple setae, followed by 5 spiniform setae; propodus 3.27–3.83 times as long as dactylus, 8.65–9.43 times as long as wide; carpus 0.60–0.69 times as long as propodus; merus 1.80–2.29 times as long as carpus, with 3–4 spiniform setae on the posterior margin.</p><p>Fourth pereiopod: Proportion and spination similar to third pereiopod.</p><p>Fifth pereiopod (Fig. 8 F): Dactylus 3.13–4.24 times as long as wide, ending in prominent claw-like spine surrounded by simple setae, followed by a row of 29–31 spiniform setae; propodus 3.30–4.24 times as long as dactylus, 9.16–11.29 times as long as wide; carpus 0.54–0.58 times as long as propodus; merus 1.42–1.61 times as long as carpus, with 3 spiniform setae on the posterior margin.</p><p>First four pereiopods with epipod.</p><p>First pleopod (Fig. 8 G): Endopod in male 0.49–0.51 times as long as exopod, oblong-reniform, 2.72–3.34 times as long as distally wide, tip rounded, inner margin concave, bearing nearly equal short spine setae, outer margin slightly convex, long pappose setae on outer and distal margins, medium-length setae on inner margin; appendix interna well developed, arising from distal 0.33 of endopod, reaching slightly beyond end of endopod, distally with cincinuli.</p><p>Second pleopod (Fig. 8 H): Appendix masculina rod-shaped, reaching 0.69–0.71 length of exopod, some short spiniform setae on basal part, and inner margin and tip bearing nearly equal long and stout spiniform setae; appendix interna well-developed, reaching 0.55–0.57 length of appendix masculina, distally with cincinuli.</p><p>Telson (Fig. 8 I): Tapering posterior, with a projection, with 4 pairs of short spiniform setae dorsally and one pair of short spiniform setae dorsolaterally; posterior margin with 4 pairs of intermedial spiniform setae, close in length. Exopodite of the uropod (Fig. 8 J) bears a series of 14–18 movable spinules along diaresis.</p><p>Eggs: 0.58–0.60 mm × 0.92–0.98 mm in diameter. Females of this small-bodied species attain sexual maturity and carry eggs at approximately tl 11 mm.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Caridina wenchangensis sp. nov., is quite similar to C. clinata in rostrum shape and indentation, the proportions between the joints of pereiopods. However, it can be separated from C. clinata by the shorter appendix interna and the different shape appendix masculina of male second pleopod (appendix interna reaching 0.55–0.57 length of appendix masculina, appendix masculina is slightly wider in the middle and slightly narrower at the ends vs. appendix interna reaching 0.52–0.63 of appendix masculina, and appendix masculina is rod-shaped with uniform width in C. clinata); the fewer spiniform setae on flexor margin of dactylus of fifth pereopod (29–31 spiniform setae vs. 41–51 spiniform setae in C. clinata); the relatively broader scaphocerite (3.0–3.2 times as long as wide vs. 3.1–3.4 times in C. clinata); and slightly smaller eggs (0.58–0.60 × 0.92–0.98 mm vs. 0.60–0.75 × 1.10–1.15 mm in C. clinata).</p><p>Caridina wenchangensis sp. nov. indeed resembles C. haivanensis from its sexual appendages, shape of the telson, and the proportions between the joints of the first, third, and fifth pereiopods. However, it can be separated from C. haivanensis by the more dorsal rostral teeth (12–15 teeth vs. 0–3 teeth in C. haivanensis); the relatively broader chela of second pereiopod (2.30–2.70 times as long as wide vs. 3.07 times in C. haivanensis); fewer spiniform setae on the flexor margin of the dactylus of the fifth pereiopod (29–31 spiniform setae vs. 30–42 spiniform setae in C. haivanensis); fewer spinules on the uropodal diaresis (14–18 spinules vs. 22–24 spinules in C. haivanensis); and the smaller eggs (0.58–0.60 × 0.92–0.98 mm vs. 0.75–0.80 × 1.10–1.30 mm).</p><p>Molecular results.</p><p>The intraspecific p-distances of COI of the new species were 0 %. The new species is most similar in genetic divergence (p-distance) to C. tunchengensis sp. nov. (9.1 % – 9.4 %) and C. clinata (9.3 % – 9.6 %). According to molecular analysis, the distance between the new species and C. haivanensis is 10.6 %. The intraspecific p-distances of 16 SrRNA of the new species were 0 % – 0.7 %. The new species is most similar in genetic divergence (p-distance) to C. clinata (3.7 % – 4.6 %) and C. huangi sp. nov. (4.1 % – 4.8 %). According to molecular analysis, the distance between the new species and C. haivanensis is 5.5 % – 6.3 % (Fig. 21, Suppl. materials 1, 2).</p><p>Coloration.</p><p>When alive, the female always black and brown with a texture like marble on body, some present a topline on the back. Some transverse black stripes and spots which are irregularly broken at five abdominal of male. (Fig. 2 C).</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The new species is named after its type locality name: Wenchang City.</p><p>Ecological notes.</p><p>C. wenchangensis sp. nov. was collected from site 5. At site 5, the stream measured 0.5–1.0 m in width and 0.2–0.3 m in depth, and its substrate consisted of gravel, mud, and leaf litter. The shrimps lived among leaf litter, exhibiting low population density. The stream water was slowly flowing (Fig. 2 C, Table 1).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Only occurring in Chongxing Town, Wenchang City, Hainan Island.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B6806B8C1445392B32A1E3C79838585	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Hou, Junjie;Zhang, Jiping;Chen, Bing;Zhang, Yixuan;Chen, Wenjian;Guo, Zhaoliang	Hou, Junjie, Zhang, Jiping, Chen, Bing, Zhang, Yixuan, Chen, Wenjian, Guo, Zhaoliang (2025): Integrative taxonomy reveals the Caridina clinata Cai, Nguyen & Ng, 1999 species complex (Crustacea, Decapoda, Atyidae), with descriptions of eight new species from Hainan Island, China. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (4): 2295-2336, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.172207
